(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修三 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures (含解析)

PAGEUNIT3DiverseCulturesA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AChopsticks,orkuaiziinChinese,areapairofsmallequal­lengthsticks,usuallymadeofwood,usedforeating.WeChineseeat1.________chopsticks.Itisbelievedthatthefirstchopsticks2.________(develop)over5,000yearsagoinChina.Excavated(出土)fromtheRuinsofYinnearAnyang,HenanProvince,datingbacktoroughly1200BCwasthe3.________(early)evidenceofapairofchopsticksmadeoutofbronze.Chopsticks,4.________areroughlyuniforminsizethroughoutChina,canbemadeofavarietyof5.________(material),includingbamboo,wood,plastic,silverandgold.Chopsticksplay6.________importantroleinChinesefoodculture.Chinesechopsticksareusually9to10incheslong.Theyareroundontheeatingendwhichsymbolisesheaven,andtheotherendissquarewhichsymbolisesearth.Thisisbecause7.________(maintain)anenoughfoodsupplyisthegreatestconcernbetweenheavenandearth.ThereisanoldChinesecustommakingchopstickspartofagirl'sdowry(嫁妆)sincethe8.________(pronounce)ofkuaiziinChineseissimilartothewordsfor“quick”and“son”．Chopsticksare9.________(frequent)usedindailylife.Theyhavebecomemorethanakindoftablewareandhaveestablishedasetofetiquette(礼仪)andcustomsof10.________(they)own.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国筷子的历史以及有关筷子的风俗习惯。1.with考查介词。介词with“和……在一起，用”符合句意，故填with。2.weredeveloped考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语从句的主语是chopsticks，复数形式，和谓语动词develop之间是一种被动关系，再根据时间状语“over5,000yearsago”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故填weredeveloped。3.earliest考查形容词最高级。定冠词the用在形容词最高级前面，再结合句意可知此处用形容词最高级，故填earliest。4.which考查非限制性定语从句。此处Chopsticks是先行词，指物，放在后面的定语从句中作主语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。5.materials考查名词复数。固定词组：avarietyof“各种各样的”。后面跟名词复数，故填materials。6.an考查搭配。固定词组：playarolein“在……中扮演角色”。此处important以元音音素开头，表示“一”时用不定冠词an。故填an。7.maintaining考查动名词作主语。此处because引导的表语从句中缺少主语，所给词maintain是动词，所以这里用动名词作主语，故填nunciation考查名词。分析句子结构可知，“...ofkuaizi”在句中作主语，故此空用名词，所给词pronounce是动词，其名词形式是pronunciation。故填pronunciation。9.frequently考查副词。此处used是动词，用副词修饰，故填frequently。10.their考查形容词性物主代词。此处own“自己的”是形容词，和形容词性物主代词连用，故填their。BNumerousChineseculturalandarttreasureshavebeenputonshowinmanypartsoftheworldoverthepastyears,showcasingthefantasticChinesecivilisationontheglobalstageand1.________(promote)culturalexchanges.InDecember,2018,NewZealand'snationalmuseumstartedafour­monthexhibition,wherebothterracottawarriors(兵马俑)andmorethan160ancientantiquepieces2.________(make)ofgold,jadeandbronzeweredisplayed.Ontheopeningday,localcitizens3.________(line)uptoenjoythisonce­in­a­lifetimeexperience.Theexhibition,4.________providedvisitorswithsomeknowledgeoflong­standingChinesecivilisation,was5.________(high)appreciatedfortheindividualityofeachterracottawarriorandtheunbelievablecreativityneededtobuildthearmy.TreasuresshowingthelivesofemperorsandempressesfromtheQingDynastyalsowentondisplayinmuseumsinWashington,DCandMoscowin2019,6.________over100piecesputonshow,includingrealistic7.________(painting),furnishingsandjewelryfromthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.Theexhibitionwasalso8.________hugesuccess.Chineseandforeignmuseumshavebeenmakingexchangestoencouragedialoguebetweencivilisationsandfosterpeople's9.________(understand)ofandengagementwithculturesthatinterest10.________(they).Itisanimportantjobformuseumstobringtheworldcloser.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文化艺术瑰宝在世界各地的展出，展示了中华民族的灿烂文明，促进了文化交流。尤其是2018年12月在新西兰博物馆的展览以及2019年在华盛顿和莫斯科的博物馆展出，取得了巨大的成功。1.promoting考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，NumerousChineseculturalandarttreasures与promote在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词promoting。故填promoting。2.made考查非谓语动词作定语。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词ancientantiquepieces，make与被修饰的名词之间是被动关系，即“由金、玉、铜制成的古代古董”，古董是被制造，要用过去分词，故填made。3.lined考查时态。“lineup”为固定搭配，意为“排队；(某一批人)排成行；列队”。分析句子可知，本句叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，故填lined。4.which考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，其中的Theexhibition是先行词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指物只能用which，故填which。5.highly考查副词作状语。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作状语，修饰动词appreciated，修饰动词要用副词，故填highly。6.With考查语境及介词。介词with是“有”的意思，本空格是指“有超过100件作品被展出”。分析句子可知，本空格是with复合结构，介词with后的over100pieces是宾语，putonshow是过去分词短语，作宾补。故填With。7.paintings考查名词复数。分析句子可知，painting为可数名词，本句是指有许多的painting，所以要用复数形式，故填paintings。8.a考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，本句中的success为抽象名词的具体化用法，表示一次成功的展览。此空格表示数量泛指，且huge首字母的发音为辅音。故填不定冠词a。9.understanding考查名词。分析句子结构可知，people's后接名词understanding，故填understanding。10.them考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本空格的逻辑主语是thepeople，是复数形式，本空格作动词interest的宾语，故填them。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.我的弟弟乔是如此固执的一个男孩以至于他从来不承认自己犯了错误，并且总是责备别人。MyyoungerbrotherJoeissuchastubbornboythatheneveradmits_making_a_mistakeandisalwaysblamingothers.2.未能在家乡找到一份合适的工作，他决定去大城市碰碰运气。(seekone'sfortune)Havingfailedtofindaproperjobinhishometown,he_decided_to_go_to_a_big_city_to_seek_his_fortune.3.除了英语课之外，我还积极参加英语角和其他英语课外活动，受益颇多。(apartfrom)Apart_from_English_classes,ItookanactivepartinEnglishCornerandotherafter­classEnglishactivities,which_benefited_me_a_lot.4.对我们学生而言参观长城有可能是一次难忘的经历。(likely)It_is_likely_thatavisittotheGreatWallforusstudentsisanunforgettableexperience.5.我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。(独立主格结构)Wehavethreelargemulti­mediaclassroomsinourschool,each_equipped_with_the_newest_computers.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解AScientistssaytheyhavefoundtheoldestknownfigurative(具象的)paintinginacaveinIndonesia.Andtheimpressivesceneofahuntingparty,paintedsome44,000yearsago,ishelpingtorewritethehistoryoftheoriginsofart.Untilrecently,thelong­heldstorywasthathumansstartedpaintingincavesinEurope.Forexample,artfromtheChauvetCaveinFranceisdatedasoldas37,000years.“ThecavepaintingsinIndonesiaareatleast40,000yearsold，”saysAdamBrumm,anarchaeologistatAustralia'sGriffithUniversity.Heandhiscolleaguesusedatechniquecalleduranium­seriesanalysistodeterminethepaintings'age.Thefigurativepaintinginthoseanalyseswasastrikingimageofawildcow.Sincethatbigdiscovery,Brumm'steamhasbeensearchingformoreartinthesecaves.Recently,theyfoundsomethingbreathtakingthemassivehuntingscene.Andaftertestingit,theysayit'stheoldestknownfigurativeartcreatedbyearlymodernhumans.Thepaintingtellsacomplexstory.Itdescribesjunglebuffaloes(水牛)andwildpigsdrivenbytinyhunters.“Theyappeartobehumans,buttheyseemtohavesomecharacteristicsofanimals，”Brummsays.Oneappearstohaveabirdlikehead,andanotherhasatail.Hesaythesepart­human,part­animalfiguresmightsignalearlyhumans'beliefs.ButevenanimportantlocationforearlyartappearsinIndonesia,thepaintingsarerapidlydeteriorating(恶化)beforeoureyesandthescientistsdon'tknowwhy.Brummsaysonetheoryisthathighertemperaturesinthecavesduetoclimatechangeareharmingtheart.Brummsaysthedeteriorationismakingtheirworktosurveytheseplacesfeelparticularlyimperative.“Weareleftlittletime.Whoknowswhatotheramazingcaveartisoutthereatsomeplacethatcanchangeourunderstandingofhumanevolutionbutmightbesufferingdamageordisappearsoon？”1.Whatdidscientistsusetothinkofthebirthofthefigurativepainting?A.Itrewrotethehistoryofart.B.Ittookplaceabout44,000yearsago.C.ItcameoutinIndonesiancaves.D.ItstartedwithEuropeancavepaintings.2.WhyisthecavepaintingfoundinIndonesiadescribedascomplex?A.Itreflectsatechnicalanalysis.B.Itshowsearlyimaginarythings.C.Itdescribesearlycivilisations.D.Itcoversstrangewildlifeimages.3.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph5?A.EarlyartisdeeplyrootedinIndonesia.B.Cavepaintingsareafeastforoureyes.C.Latestdiscoveriesarebasedontheory.D.Climatechangemayharmcavepaintings.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imperative”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Urgent. B.Exciting.C.Meaningful. D.Imperfect.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古新发现——在印度尼西亚发现的洞穴壁画是世界上最古老的具象艺术作品。1.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句话“Untilrecently,thelong­heldstorywasthathumansstartedpaintingincavesinEurope.Forexample,artfromtheChauvetCaveinFranceisdatedasoldas37,000years.”可知，长期以来，人们认为人类在洞穴中绘画始于欧洲，有37000年历史的法国肖维岩洞壁画就是一个例证。故选D。2.B推理判断题。根据第四段的信息可知，印度尼西亚洞穴壁画中半人半兽的猎人可能是早期人类信仰的体现，是当时人们相信超自然生物存在的迹象。据此可推断这样的壁画背后有一个复杂的想象过程，人们画出了想象的事物。故选B。3.D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“thepaintingsarerapidlydeteriorating(恶化)beforeoureyesandthescientistsdon'tknowwhy.Brummsaysonetheoryisthathighertemperaturesinthecavesduetoclimatechangeareharmingtheart”可知，这些壁画的处境正在恶化，Brumm认为正是气候变化导致的洞穴内的高温在破坏着它们。故选D。4.A词义猜测题。上文提到了洞穴壁画恶化的情况，结合画线词后的内容可知，Brumm提到“留给我们的时间不多了。谁知道在某个地方还有哪些可能正遭受损害或很快消失的惊人洞穴壁画存在呢？”。由此可知画线词表示“紧迫的，迫切的”，与urgent含义相近。故选A。BChineseCultureShowntotheWorldwithLoveLiZiqi,ashortvideobloggerspecialisingintraditionalChinesecookingandhandicrafts,hasgainedworldwidepopularity.Lihasabout20millionfollowersonSinaWeibo,China'sequivalenttoTwitter,plus7millionfollowersonoverseassocialmedianetworks.ManyforeignerssaytheyhavegottoknowtraditionalChinesefoodcultureviaherchannel.Itisthespiritofcraftsmanship(技艺)behindherworksthatmakesLi'svideoclipsattractive.ShestrictlyfollowstheauthentictraditionalstepsandproceduresinmakingtraditionalChinesefoodandhandicrafts,suchaspeachflowerwineandsilk,andgoestogreatlengthstoensurehervideosareaccurate.Sometimesshespendsseveralmonthsproducingoneofhervideos.Lihasbeeninheriting(继承)traditionalChinesecultureinarathercreativeway.Acloserlookathervideoswillshowthattheyareneverwithany“analysis”thatmakespeoplefeelbored.TheyjustshowaudienceseachandeverydetailoftraditionalChineseculturesothatthelatterknowhowChineselivetheirbeautifulandelegantlives.Itisthatuniversalappealthatmakesherworkssoattractive.ThankstoLi'sefforts,muchintangibleculturalheritagethatonlyexistedinmemoriesandwrittenrecordsnowappearsbeforeoureyes.Viahershortvideos,LipresentstheimageofabeautifulandfriendlyChina.WiththegrowthoftheChineseeconomy,peopleoverseasareshowingmoreinterestintraditionalChineseculture.Lihasshownhowtosatisfythatinterestinagoodway,namelyshowingthebestpartsoftraditionalChineseculturewithherheart.ToeffectivelypresentthebeautyofChineseculturetotheworld,weneedmoreLiZiqi.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiZiqi'svideoclips?A.TheypromotethesalesofChinesefoodandhandicrafts.B.Theyattractalargenumberofforeignerstovisitheronlineshop.C.TheyaimtointroducetraditionalChinesefoodcultureandhandicraftsworldwide.D.Theyarebasedonherfamily'srecipesofmakingtraditionalChinesefood.6.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A.AnalysisofChinesecultureinLi'svideosmakespeoplebored.B.DetailsandaccuracyplaysignificantrolesinthesuccessofLi'svideos.C.Limakessureallofhervideoclipsareshortenoughtobedownloaded.D.Culturalheritageusuallyexistsinmemoriesandwrittenaccounts.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intangible”inParagraph4mean?A.Nonphysical. B.Inaccessible.C.Invaluable. D.Unnoticeable.8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toprovideguidanceoncookingandmakinghandicrafts.B.TosuggestawayofattractingmorefollowersonSinaWeibo.C.Togiveanexampleofhowtogainworldwidepopularityasashortvideoblogger.D.ToencouragemorepeopletomakeeffortstobringChineseculturetotheworld.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以拍摄古风美食短视频出名的李子柒如何把中国人的传统而本真的生活方式呈现出来，让现代都市人找到一种心灵的归属感，也让世界理解了一种生活中的中国文化。李子柒将中国文化以一种创新的方式引向世界。5.C细节理解题。根据第一段以及第二段中的“ManyforeignerssaytheyhavegottoknowtraditionalChinesefoodcultureviaherchannel.”可知，专注于中国传统烹饪和手工艺品的短视频博客作者李子柒在全球范围内广受欢迎，外国友人通过她的短视频了解了中国传统的饮食文化，李子柒的视频旨在将中国文化引向世界，故选C。6.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Shestrictlyfollowstheauthentictraditionalstepsandprocedures...,andgoestogreatlengthstoensurehervideosareaccurate.”以及第四段中的“TheyjustshowaudienceseachandeverydetailoftraditionalChineseculturesothatthelatterknowshowChineselivetheirbeautifulandelegantlives.”可知，在制作中国传统食品和手工艺品时，李子柒严格遵循地道的传统步骤和程序，并竭尽全力确保视频的准确性。她的视频向观众展示传统中国文化的每一个细节，以便让观众了解中国人的日常生活。因此，准确度和细节是李子柒的视频如此受欢迎的主要原因，故选B。7.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的修饰语“...thatonlyexistedinmemoriesandwrittenrecordsnowappearsbeforeoureyes.”可知，在李子柒的努力下，许多仅存在于记忆和书面记录中的文化遗产现在出现在我们眼前，而文化遗产显然有别于物质遗产。结合文中出现的culturalheritage词组及本文的语境，可知画线词的意思是“非物质的、无形的、触摸不到的”，故选A。8.D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Lihasshownhowtosatisfythatinterestinagoodway,namelyshowingthebestpartsoftraditionalChineseculturewithherheart.”以及全文最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了以拍摄古风美食短视频出名的李子柒如何把中国人传统而本真的生活方式呈现出来，向世界打开美丽中国的一扇窗口，让世界理解一种鲜活的中国文化。作者希望未来有更多像李子柒这样的人物向世界展示和推广中国传统文化，故选D。Ⅱ.读后续写(2020·山东济宁联考)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Shoescantellyoualotaboutaperson.Winstonwasafirmbelieverinthis,beingsomeonewholookedatmanyshoeshimself.Althoughhehadgrownuphearingthat“eyeswerethewindowstothesoul”，hecouldn'tfindanythingtheycouldexpose.Hejustfeltawkwardwhenhehadbeencaughtstaringintosomeoneelse'seyesfortoolong.Ontheotherhand,staringatsomeone'sshoesrarelymadehimawkward.Fewpeoplenoticedasmallmaninthecornerwatchingtheirfeet,andWinstonlikeditthatway.Winstonwasabletojudgeapersonbyhisshoes.Hecoulddividemostpeopleintobasiccategoriessimplybythebrand,colour,andconditionofwhateverwasontheirfeet.Atthispoint,theworldcouldn'tsurprisehimanymore—hebelievedthathehadseenitall.Winstonwasseatedinhisregularspot,abenchinthebackcorneroftheAlewifestation,watchingpeoplepassby.Noonewasfoundwearingwornshoes.Hesighed,abitboredwiththepredictabilityofthestation.That'swhenhenoticedsomethingdifferent.Twobarefeetwalkedpasthim,makinganunfamiliarsoundastheywereincontactwiththefloor.Thatwasstrange.Winstonlookedcloserwithinterest.Inallhisyearssittingatthestation,hehadseenmanystrangefeet,butnobareones.Hewonderedwhatkindofmancouldn'taffordtobuyhimselfshoes—adangerousman,perhaps,amanwhowasofquestionableintelligence—certainlynotthekindofgenerousandlovelyman.Winstonwantedtobeawayfromhim.Hemovedalittleonthebenchandcurledup,turninghiseyesdownwardandhisshouldersintowardhisbodytoavoidanypossiblesocialinteractions.Thestranger,however,tookthespacemadefreebyWinston.“Sorry,ithasbeenaroughday，”theshoelesspersonsaidapologetically,placingaplasticbagdownonth