考研考博-英语-厦门华厦学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门华厦学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.问答题

Nothinkerinthenineteenthcenturyhashadsodirect,deliberateandpowerfulaninfluenceuponmankindasKarlMarx.Bothduringhislifetimeandafterithehasexercisedanintellectualandmoralascendancyoverhisfollowers,thestrengthofwhichwasuniqueeveninthatgoldenageofdemocraticnationalism,anagewhichsawtheriseofgreatpopularheroesandmartyrs，romantic,almostlegendaryfigures,whoselivesandwordsdominatedtheimaginationofthemassesandcreatedanewrevolutionarytraditioninEurope.YetMarxcouldnot,atanytime,becalledapopularfigureintheordinarysense:certainlyhewasinnosenseapopularwriterororator.Hewroteextensively,buthisworkswerenot,duringhislifetime,readwidely;andwhen,inthelateeighteenseventies,theybegantoreachtheimmensepublicwhichseveralamongthemafterwardsobtained,thedesiretoreadthemwasduenotsomuchtoarecognitionoftheirintrinsicqualitiesastothegrowthofthefameandnotorietyofthemovementwithwhichhewasidentified.

Marxtotallylackedthequalitiesofagreatpopularleaderoragitator,wasnotapublicistofgeniusliketheRussiandemocratAlexanderHelen,nordidhepossessBakunin'smarvelouseloquence;thegreaterpartofhisworkinglifewasspentincomparativeobscurityinLondon,athiswriting-deskandinthereading-roomoftheBritishMuseum.Hewaslittleknowntothegeneralpublic,andwhiletowardstheendofhislifehebecametherecognizedandadmiredleaderofapowerfulinternationalmovement,nothinginhislifeorcharacterstirredtheimaginationorevokedtheboundlessdevotion,theintense,almostreligion,worship,withwhichsuchmenasKossuth,Mazzini,andevenLassalleinhislastyears,wereregardedbytheirfollowers.

Hispublicappearanceswereneitherfrequentnornotablysuccessful.Onthefewoccasionsonwhichheaddressedbanquetsorpublicmeetings,hisspeecheswereoverloadedwithmatter,anddeliveredwithacombinationofmonotonousnessandbrusqueness,whichcommandedtherespectbutnottheenthusiasmofhisaudience.Hewasbytemperamentatheoristandanintellectual,andinstinctivelyavoideddirectcontactwiththemasses,tothestudyofwhoseinterestshisentirelifewasdevoted.TomanyofhisfollowersheappearedintheroleofadogmaticandsententiousGermanschoolmaster,preparedtorepeathisthesesindefinitely,withrisingsharpness,untiltheiressencebecameirremovablylodgedinhisdisciples'minds.Thegreaterpartofhiseconomicteachingwasgivenitsfirstexpressioninlecturestoworkingmen:hisexpositionunderthesecircumstanceswasbyallaccountsamodeloflucidityandconciseness.Buthewroteslowlyandpainfully,assometimeshappenswithrapidandfertilethinkers,scarcelyabletocopewiththespeedoftheirownideas,impatientatoncetocommunicateanewdoctrine,andtoforestalleverypossibleobjection;thepublishedversionsweregenerallyturgid,clumsy,andobscureindetail,althoughthecentraldoctrineisneverinseriousdoubt.HewasacutelycopiousofthisandoncecomparedhimselfwiththeheroofBalzac'sUnknownMasterpiece,whotriestopaintthepicturewhichhasformeditselfinhismind,touchesandretouchesthecanvasendlessly,toproduceatlastashapelessmassofcolors,whichtohiseyeseemstoexpressthevisioninhisimagination.Hebelongedtoagenerationwhichcultivatedtheemotionsmoreintentlyanddeliberatelythanitspredecessors,andwasbroughtupamongmentowhomideaswereoftenmorerealthanfacts,andpersonalrelationsmeantfarmorethantheeventsoftheexternalworld;bywhomindeedpubliclifewascommonlyunderstoodandinterpretedintermsoftherichandelaborateworldoftheirownprivateexperience.

1.WhatkindofpersonwasKarlMarxaccordingtothepassage?

2.HowcouldyoudescribetheagewhenMarxlivedaccordingtothepassage?

3.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofMarx’spopularity?

4.WhywastheaudiencenotenthusiasticaboutMarx’sspeeches?

5.ForwhatpurposewasBalzac’sUnknownMasterpiecementioned?

【答案】1.KarlMarxwasagreatthinkerwhobroughtdirect,deliberateandpowerfulinfluenceuponmankind.Buthetotallylackedthequalitiesofagreatpopularleaderoragitator.Hispublicappearanceswereneitherfrequentnornotablysuccessful.

2.Itisagoldenageofdemocraticnationalism,anagewhichsawtheriseofgreatpopularheroesandmartyrs,romantic,almostlegendaryfigures,whoselivesandwordsdominatedtheimaginationofthemassesandcreatedanewrevolutionarytraditioninEurope.

3.ThereasonofMarx’popularitywasduenotsomuchtoarecognitionofintrinsicqualitiescontainedinhisworksastothegrowthofthefameandnotorietyofthemovementwithwhichhewasidentified.

4.Becausehisspeecheswereoverloadedwithmatter,anddeliveredwithacombinationofmonotonousnessandbrusqueness.

5.KarlMarxoncecomparedhimselfwiththeheroofBalzac'sUnknownMasterpiecetoexplainhisspecialwaysofwritingandthinking.

2.单选题

TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)______ofwordswhicharecomparativeseldomusedinordinaryconversation.

问题1选项

A.altitude

B.latitude

C.multitude

D.attitude

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项altitude“高地；高度；顶垂线；高级；海拔”；B选项latitude“纬度；界限；活动范围”；C选项multitude“大量，多数；群众，人群”；D选项attitude“态度；看法；意见；姿势”。根据固定搭配amultitudeof“大批的，众多的；大量的；一大批”可知句意为：英语语言还有很多相对来说很少被使用在我们的日常谈话中的单词。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Withhisface（）byamask,thefiremandashedintothehouseonfire.

问题1选项

A.hidden

B.concealed

C.screened

D.buried

【答案】C

【解析】四个词都有“掩饰,掩藏”之意,但侧重点不同。hide—般用于hidesb/sthinaplace；conceal隐瞒,一般表示“掩饰,不让别人发现”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保护的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根据句意可知,所以C符合语境。

4.单选题

Intheaccidentthreemenweretrappedinasubmergedvehicle,andtheironlyhopewasanothermanwhoselegswerebroken.

问题1选项

A.wrecked

B.burnt

C.overturned

D.sunk

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这次事故中，三个人被困在一辆被水淹没的汽车中，而另外一位腿受伤的男性是他们唯一的希望。wrecked“失事的，遇难的”；burnt“烧焦的”；overturned“倾覆的”；sunk“下沉的”。划线单词submerge的意思是“水下的”，因此选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

Afteranumberofdisagreementswiththecommittee,thehelplesschairman（）.

问题1选项

A.retired

B.dismissed

C.deserted

D.resigned

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项retire“退休；离开；收回”；B选项dismiss“解散；解雇；不予理会”；C选项desert“遗弃；放弃；逃跑”；D选项resign“辞去职务；放弃；委托；使听从”。句意：在与委员会产生很多分歧后，这位无助的主席辞去了自己的职务。结合此处语义，D选项正确。

6.单选题

Icouldn’tbepresentmyself,butIsentmy（）tothemeeting.

问题1选项

A.delegate

B.specimen

C.representative

D.representation

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我本人不能亲自出席，可我派了代表出席会议。

考查名词辨析。Delegate代表，代表团成员，指委派到别处代某一机构或某（些）人行事的人；specimen样本，抽样；representative代表，代销人，词义较广，可指选举或委派的代表，还可表示某一种人的代表人物；representation表现，陈述。根据前半句句意可知C符合句意。

7.单选题

Theworldwillbeadvancingwithsuchgreatspeedthatour____willlookuponusandourtimewithasenseofsuperiority.

问题1选项

A.antecedents

B.descendants

C.predecessors

D.contemporaries

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.antecedents祖先B.descendants后代

C.predecessors前人D.contemporaries同时代的人

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处前文提到“世界将以如此快的速度前进”，空格处为从句的主语，后文提到“会以一种优越感看待我们和我们的时代”。“优越感”说明他们所处的时代比我们现在的时代要更好，而世界是不断进步的，因此，其主语应该是我们的后代，B选项descendants“后代”符合语义逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不能使原句前后语义衔接。

【句意】世界将以如此巨大的速度前进，以至于我们的后代将以一种优越感看待我们和我们的时代。

8.单选题

Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments（）tohimbeforelunch.

问题1选项

A.besent

B.weresent

C.weretobesent

D.mustbesent

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。表示“建议，要求，命令”有关的单词+that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句谓语动词要虚拟语气，其形式是should+动词原形（should可以省略）。另外，文件和送达的关系应该是被动，所以要用到被动语态。句意：我的老板要求在午饭前把法律文件交给他。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

9.单选题

（）thedisappearanceoftheMayanempire,therearestillMayansintheregioninwhichtheyonceinhabited.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.As

C.But

D.For

【答案】A

【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管玛雅帝国消失，但是，他们曾经居住的地区仍然有玛雅人。结合语境，“therearestillMayans仍然还有玛雅人”与“disappearance消失”是对比关系，后半句是完整的句子，故A为正确答案。

10.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Thecruxoftheproblemis:youngpeople,beingatthestartoftheirowncareerandhavingtoexertthemselvestotheutmostallthetime,arealwaysunderthegreateststressandsevereststrain.Themiddle-agedpeople,ontheotherhand,havingaccomplishedwhatevertheyhave,mayrelievethemselvesoftheirload,andstarttoenjoyaquietandleisurelylifeunburdenedwithanyambitionsandawayfromthestormsoflife.Consequently,middle-agedpersonsquicklylapseintoindolence.Mostfamousworksthatappearedinthepastcenturies,includingthepresent,werewrittenbyauthorsaround30.WorkswithanycreativenessseldomcamefromthepenofChineseauthorsover40,exceptautobiographiesandnotesbywayofannotation.Butforwritersabroad,agedoesnotseemtoaffecttheirenergyorimaginationatall.Someliterarycelebritiesdidnotstarttheircareeruntilafter40.Becauseofvariousreasons,thelifespanofusChineseusedtobeveryshort.Hencetheoldsaying“man’slifefromoldhasrarelyreachedseventy.”Thereforethemiddle-ageperiodwasmuchearlier,andmenoflettersveryearlyintheirlivesbecame“old”andconservativepsychologically.

【答案】问题的核心是：年轻人正处于事业初创阶段,必须时刻尽力发挥自己,由此其总是面临莫大的压力,受到的伤痛也极为严重。而中年人已经取得他们所要的一切,可以卸下重负,开始享受安静、惬意的生活,这生活没有任何雄心壮志,也远离生活的狂风暴雨。结果,中年人很快就懒惰起来。自上世纪到目前的许多著名作品,其作者都在30岁左右。40岁以上的中国作家极少能写出创意作品来,当然有注解的自传和说明除外。但对国外作家而言,年龄问题似乎丝毫不会影响其想象力。一些文学大家常常是到40岁之后才开始文学创作。

由于种种原因,过去中国人的寿命往往很短。由此产生了一句古话：“人生七十古来稀”。因此中年这一阶段就大大提前了,而名人则很早就“变老”了,心理上也开始保守起来。

11.单选题

Facedwiththe（）difficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryontheirprogram.

问题1选项

A.satisfactory

B.attributable

C.intangible

D.innocent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项satisfactory“满意的，符合要求的”；B选项attributable“归属的，属性的”；C选项intangible“无形的，触摸不到的，难以理解的”；D选项innocent“无辜的，无罪的”。句意：面对无形的困难，他们下定决心继续他们的项目。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。

12.单选题

10.

问题1选项

A.Shemarriedbecauseofloneliness.

B.Shemarriedamillionaire.

C.Shemarriedformoney.

D.Shemarriedforlove.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Cindyjustgotdivorced.

M:Sosoon!Shegotmarriedonlylastsummer.

W:Well,shefoundoutthatherhusbandwasnotthemillionaireshethoughthewas.

Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutCindy?

【解析】推断题。女士说：shefoundoutthatherhusbandwasnotthemillionaireshethoughthewas，即Cindy离婚的原因是发现丈夫没有想象得那么有钱。

13.单选题

（）andhardworkarethecornerstonesofthiscompany.

问题1选项

A.Mutilation

B.Innovation

C.Empire

D.Strength

【答案】B

【解析】语义题。句中and连接空格跟hardwork,因此B项innovation(创新，革新)正确。

14.单选题

Soilonthemountainslopesisverysusceptible（）erosion.

问题1选项

A.of

B.to

C.with

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词辨析及搭配。A项of“……的”，B项to“到、朝、对于”，C项with“和……”，D项by“由、被、到……之前”；句意：山坡上的土壤很容易被侵蚀。besusceptibleto“易受……的影响”；因此B选项正确。

15.单选题

Amongthemanysubjectsinschool,mathematicsisprobablythemost（）one,dependingleastonastudent’sbackgroundandculture.

问题1选项

A.universal

B.abstract

C.arbitrary

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在学校的许多科目中，数学可能是最全球化的一门，因为它丝毫不会取决于学生的文化背景。

考查形容词辨析。universal普遍的，通用的，全世界的；abstract抽象的，纯理论的;arbitrary任意的，武断的，专制的;concrete实在的,具体的。根据后面句意“因为它丝毫不会取决于学生的文化背景”可知这里应该指数学可能是最全球化的一门学科。

16.单选题

Itisnotuncommonforthere______problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.

问题1选项

A.being

B.wouldbe

C.be

D.tobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：年轻一代与老一代之间的交流存在问题，这种情况非常罕见。此处是therebe句型，根据句子结构，可知此处并不缺少谓语动词，因而只能使用非谓语动词，选项A符合题意。

17.写作题

Writeanessayof160一200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly;

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

【答案】Asisshownabove,inthemiddleofthepicturestandafatherandhisson,withhissonwearingthecostumeandtellinghisfatherthatmanystudentsconsiderthatsingingChineseoperaisnotinteresting,whilehisfathergivessomeencouragementtohisson,sayingthat“Thatisenoughaslongasyouloveit.”Simpleasthepictureis,thesymbolicmeaningisratherdeepandprofound.

Thispicturemayaimatillustratingtheimportanceofhavingadream.Againsttheunendingchallengesoflife,itisoftenthosewhostrugglewithanexplicitdreamregardlessofresistancethatcomeoutaswinners.Withapowerfuldream,wecanaccomplishgreatthings.Ourlifehasbeenfilledwithavariousexamplesoftheimportanceofhavingadream,withthefollowingonebeingtheforemost.Einstein,anextremelyeminentphysicist,hasmadegreatachievementsinnuclearenergy.Meanwhile,hefirmlybelievesitishisdreamthatdeterminethedirectionofhiseffortsandjudgement.Withouthisdream,hecouldnothavebecomeanincrediblysuccessfulphysicist.

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayconfidentlydrawtheconclusionthathavingadreamshouldbeadvocated.Everyoneissupposedtohaveourowndreamandsparesnoeffortstoachieveit.Weshallalsobearinmindthatonlybyvirtueofapowerfuldreamcanweovercomealldifficultiesandbeawardedwithsuccess.

【解析】如上图所示，画面中央站着一对父子，儿子穿着戏服，对父亲说，很多学生认为唱中国戏曲没意思，而父亲则给儿子一些鼓励，说“只要你喜欢就够了”。画面很简单，但它的象征意义是相当深远的。

这张图片旨在说明拥有梦想的重要性。面对生活中无休止的挑战，往往是那些不顾一切地为一个明确的梦想而奋斗的人最终成为赢家。拥有强大的梦想，我们就能完成伟大的事情。我们的生活中充满了各种各样的例子来说明拥有梦想的重要性，下面的例子是最重要的。爱因斯坦是一位非常杰出的物理学家，他在核能方面取得了巨大的成就。同时，他坚信正是他的梦想决定了他努力和判断的方向。如果没有梦想，他不可能成为一个非常成功的物理学家。

通过以上讨论，我们可以自信地得出这样的结论：拥有梦想应该被提倡。每个人都应该有自己的梦想，并不遗余力地去实现它。我们也要牢记，只有拥有强大的梦想，我们才能克服一切困难，获得成功。

18.单选题

Thepersonheinterviewedwas（）hisformerschoolmate.

问题1选项

A.nootherthan

B.nomorethan

C.noneotherthan

D.nonetheless

【答案】C

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项nootherthan“不是别的…；正是…”；B选项nomorethan“不过；仅仅”；C选项noneotherthan“不是别的…；正是…”；D选项nonetheless“仍然，还是”。句意：他采访的人正是他以前的同学。因此A和C都符合句意，但在现代英语中nootherthan不太常用，且多用于指物，而常用noneotherthan来指人，故本题选C。

19.单选题

Theteachersuggestedthestudentcomplete（

）researchbeforewritingthetermpaper.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.expansive

C.expensive

D.exhaustive

【答案】D

【解析】句意:老师建议学生们在写学期论文前完成详尽的研究。

考查形容词辨析。Intensive密集的,彻底的;expansive广阔的,扩张的;expensive昂贵的;exhaustive详尽的,彻底的,全面的。故D符合句意。

20.单选题

TheAfricanelephant—mythicsymbolofacontinent,keystoneofitsecologyandthelargestlandanimalremainingonearth—hasbecometheobjectofoneofthebiggest,broadestinternationaleffortsyetmountedtoturnathreatenedspeciesofftheroadtoextinction.Butitisnotonlytheelephant'ssurvivalthatisatstake,conservationistssay.Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment.Asavoraciouseaterofvegetation,itlargelyshapestheforest-and-savannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,therebysettingthetermsofexistenceformillionsofotherstoriedanimals-fromzebrastogazellestogiraffesandwildebeests—thatshareitshabitatAndastheelephantdisappears,scientistsandconservationistssay,manyotherspecieswillalsodisappearfromvaststretchesofforestandsavanna,drasticallyalteringandimpoverishingwholeecosystems.

Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironmentandthereforeanimportantcreatorofhabitat.Inaconstantsearchforthe300poundsofvegetationitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandunderbrushandpullsbranchesoffbigtreesashighasitstrunkwillreach.ThiscreatesinnumerableopenspacesinbothdeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Theresultingpatchwork,amosaicofvegetationinvariousstagesofregeneration,inturncreatesagreatervarietyofforagethatattractsagreatervarietyofothervegetation-eatersthanwouldotherwisebethecase.

Instudiesoverthelast20yearsinsouthernKenyanearMountKilimanjaro,Dr.Westernhasfoundthatwhenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities."Theirforagingcreatesamixtureofsavannawoodlands(whattheAfricanscallbush)andgrassland.Theresultisahighlydiversearrayofotherplant-eatingspecies:thoselikethezebra,wildebeestandgazelle,thatgraze:thoselikethegiraffe,bushbuckandlesserkudu,thatbrowseontendershoots,buds,twigsandleaves;andplant-eatingprimateslikethebaboonandvervetmonkey.Theseherbivoresattractcarnivoreslikethelionandcheetah.

Whentheelephantpopulationthinsout.Dr.Westernsaid,thewoodlandsbecomedenserandthegrazersaresqueezedout.Whenpressurefrompoachersforceselephantstocrowdmoredenselyontoreservations,thewoodlandsthereareknockedoutandthebrowsersandprimatesdisappear.

Somethingsimilarappearstohappenindensetropicalrainforests.Intheirnaturalstate,becausetheoverheadforestcanopyshutsoutsunlightandpreventsgrowthontheforestfloor,rainforestsprovideslimpickingsforlarge,hoofedplant-eaters.Bypullingdowntreesandeatingnewgrowth,elephantsenlargenaturalopeningsinthecanopy,allowingplantstoregenerateontheforestfloorandbringingdownvegetationfromthecanopysothatsmallerspeciescangetatit.

Insuchsituations,therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammalssuchasbongos,bushpigs,duikers,foresthogs,swampantelopes,forestbuffaloes,okapis,sometimesgorillasandalwaysahostofsmalleranimalsthatthriveonsecondarygrowth.Whenelephantsdisappearandtheforestreverts,thelargermammalsgivewaytosmaller,nimbleranimalslikemonkeys,squirrelsandrodents.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthormentionstigersandwhalesinordertoemphasizewhichpointabouttheelephant?

3.Anecessarycomponentoftheelephant'sabilitytotransformthelandscapeisits（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthorsattitudetowardthedamagetovegetationcausedbyforagingelephants?

问题1选项

A.explainingwhyelephantsarefacingthethreatofextinction

B.explainingdifficultiesinprovidingsufficientforageforplant-eaters

C.explaininghowtheelephantsimpactonitssurroundingsaffectsotherspecies

D.distinguishingbetweensavannasandrainforestsashabitatsforelephants

问题2选项

A.Likethem,Ufacesthethreatofextinction.

B.Itisherbivorousratherthancarnivorous.

C.Itisthelargestextantlandmammal.

D.Unlikethem,itphysicallyaltersitsenvironment.

问题3选项

A.massiveintelligence

B.threatenedextinction

C.ravenoushunger

D.lackofgrace

问题4选项

A.thenaturaltendencyofelephantsistocrowdtogetherinpacks

B.theelephantisdependentupontheexistenceofsmallerplant-eatingmammalsforitssurvival

C.elephantshaveanindirecteffectonthehuntingpatternsofcertaincarnivores

D.thefloorofthetropicalrainforestistooovergrowntoaccommodatelargerplant-eatingspecies

问题5选项

A.Itisanunfortunateby-productofthefeedingprocess.

B.Itisanecessarybutundesirableaspectofelephantpopulationgrowth.

C.Itfortuitouslyresultsincreatingenvironmentssuitedtodiversespecies.

D.Ithastheunexpectedadvantagethatitallowsscientistsaccesstotherainforest

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.本文主要是讲述大象能够改变居住环境,从而影响其他物种的生存,选项C正确。

2.根据关键词"tigers""whales"定位到第一段第三句"Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment."不像濒临灭绝的老虎,甚至不像大型鲸鱼,非洲象在很大程度上是环境的建筑师。也就是说大象能够改变环境,选项D符合原文。

3.根据第二段的第一句"Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironment"大象能够改变环境是因为它们的新陈代谢和食欲。选项C正确。

4.根据第三段第一句"whenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities.""可知,大象不是群居动物,所以选项A错误;根据倒数第二段的内容可知,选项B表达的刚好是相反的情况,所以错误;根据最后一段的第一句"...therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammals..."可知选项D错误。根据第三段的内容可知,大象改变环境会产生种类繁多的食草动物,食草动物又吸引了食肉动物。也就是说大象对某些食肉动物的捕猎方式有间接影响。选项C符合原文内容。

5.结合全文内容可知,大象改变环境给其他物种创造了适宜其生存的环境,这是偶然性的而不是大象刻意为之的,所以选项C正确。

21.单选题

Aliquidcanbekeptinanopencontainerandfillittothelevelofafreesurface.Agasformsnofreesurfacebut______todiffusethroughoutthespaceavailable.

问题1选项

A.tends

B.intends

C.inclines

D.contends

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项tend表示“趋向，倾向，照料”，tendto表示“趋向，注意，易于”，指朝着一个方向发展或者有某种品质；B项intend表示“打算，想要，意指”，intendto表示“打算做，想要”；C项incline表示“倾向于，（使）倾向于，赞同（某人或某事）”，inclineto表示“倾向于……，向……倾斜”，指倾向于用某种方式思考或者表现，被要求做某事；D项contend表示“竞争，奋斗，斗争”，不和to搭配。根据句子的主语gas（气体），结合but转折后面的动词diffuse（扩散）可知，A项“倾向于”符合语境。句意：液体可以保存在一个开放的容器中，并将其装满到一个自由面的水平；气体没有形成自由面，而是倾向于在整个可用的空间中扩散。因此，该题选择A项正确。

22.单选题

Thedamagetohiscarwas______;therefore,hecouldrepairithimself.

问题1选项

A.considerable

B.appreciable

C.negligible

D.invisible

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.considerable相当多（或大、重要等）的B.appreciable（大得）可以觉察到的，足以认为重要的

C.negligible微不足道的，不重要的

D.invisible看不见的，隐形的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后半句句意“因此他可以自己修理”可知，他的汽车损坏是非常小的，因此该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项都不符合句意。

【句意】他的汽车损坏很小，因此他可以自己修理。

23.单选题

Iwasshockedtofindafrontstorythatwasmore（）initsnaturethanitwasinformative.

问题1选项

A.sentimental

B.sensitive

C.sensational

D.sensible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sentimental“伤感的，情感的”，B选项sensitive“敏感的，善解人意的”，C选项sensational“轰动的，耸人听闻的”，D选项sensible“明智的，理智的”。句意：当我发现一篇头版报道在本质上比它提供的信息更敏感时，我感到震惊。因此，A选项符合句意。

24.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingfiveunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

Youcannotfindorwillyoueverfindgoldonthesurface.IthastobediscoveredandhastobefounddeepinsidetheEarth’sground.1.Andittakesyearstofindthegoldandthisiswhyitissovaluable.Noteveryonehasit.

Characteristhesame.Youwillnotfindcharacteronthesurface.Youcanonlyfindcharacterdeepinsideyoursoul.2.Andyourcharacterisonlydiscoveredwhenthereischaos.Yourcharacterisnevertestedwhenthingsaregoingyourway.

3.Youhavetodigdeepinsideofyoutofindthecharacterandwhenyoudothatyouwilldiscoverthetruegold.

Youconsistentlyrememberonhowyoutreatothers.Areyoukindorunkind?Doyouhavemanners?Areyourespectful?Thesearequestionsweaskeachother.

4.Thisiswhyyourcharacterisyourgoldmine.Youmustguardyourcharacterjustlikeyouwouldguardyourgold.Donotletanyonetakeitordestroyit.

5.Peoplewilltestyouinlifeandeventsinlifewillshakeyou.However,whenthishappenspleaselookdeepinsideandfindyourcharacterbecauseyourcharacterwillhelpyousucceedanyevent.

Yourcharacterisyourgold.

【答案】1.这个过程很费时间，所以黄金才那么珍贵，不是每个人都能够拥有。

2.只有混乱发生的时候你才会发现它，只有在事情不顺心的时候你的品质才会得到考验

3.向自我的深处挖掘，寻找你的品质，这样你就会发现真正的黄金。

4.这就是为什么说你的品质是你的金矿。你一定要守护你的品质，就像你会守护自己的黄金一样。

5.在生活中，有的人会考验你，有的事情会使你动摇。

25.单选题

Whenthegoinggetstough,realwomenstartcoloring.They’repickingupadultcoloringbooksbythedroves,atbookstoresandcraftstores,onAmazon,comandevenfromtheHomeShoppingNetwork.

Thedesignsappealtoeveryinterestfromwhimsicaldoodle(异想天开的涂鸦)tonaturescenesandfantasyworlds.

Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.Craftershaveknownthisintuitivelyforyears.

Anaccumulationofresearchshowsthatthesecreativeactivitiescanhelpyoude-stressfromeverydaypressures.Recentstudiessuggestthatstructuredrhythmicendeavorssuchascoloring,knitting,orquiltingareparticularlybeneficialbecausetheyeaseyouintoameditativestateofmindthatallowsyoutopushawaynegativethoughtsandworries.

“Theseactivitiesengageyourhandsaswellasyourmindandyourfocus”,saysarttherapistLacyMucklow,theauthorofseveralbest-sellingcoloringbooks.“Plus,therepetitiveactionsreleaseserotonin(血管收缩素),thebraintransmitterresponsibleforrelaxation.”

Numerousstudieshavelookedintohowcraftingbenefitsmoodandphysicalhealth.Ina2006studyco-sponsoredbytheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsandseveralfederalhealthagencies,researchersfoundthatadults65orolderwhoengagedincreativeactivitiessuchasmakingjewelry,paintingorwritinghadbetteroverallhealth,madefewervisitstothedoctor,usedlessmedicationandhadfewerhealthproblemsthannon-crafters.

StressreductionisatopreasonCathySimocko-smith,59,aprofessionalgardenerinBridgeport，Conn,enjoyscoloring.“ColoringatnightwhileI’mwatchingTVhelpsquietmymind,”shesays.“Icanreallylosemyselfinit,anditstopsmefromthinkingaboutmyworkandthestressesinmylife.”

Coloringisagreatwaytoexploreyourcreativity—it’seasy,inexpensiveandyoudon’thavetoknowhowtodraw.The10to20minutesyouspendcoloringanimagethatgivesyouasenseofsatisfactioncanhaveapositivedominoeffectthroughoutyourday.

13.Itissaidinthepassagethatwomenstartcoloringwhen________.

14.CathySimocko-Smithenjoyscoloringbecause_________.

15.ApersonwhodoescoloringcangetthefollowingbenefitsEXCEPT_________.

16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respite”(inPara.3)probablymean?

问题1选项

A.thedigitalworldappealstopeople

B.theystillholdontotheirgirlhood

C.thereareeasyaccesstotheactivity

D.thesituationsbecomedifficult

问题2选项

A.shecansaveupmuchmoney

B.shecanforgetallhisworriesandcares

C.shewillstoptakingmedication

D.shewillvisitthedoctorlessfrequently

问题3选项

A.asenseofsatisfaction

B.ahappymoodthroughouthisday

C.explorationofcreativity

D.professionalknowledgeofdrawing

问题4选项

A.Ashortbreak.

B.Agoodopportunity.

C.Abeautifulplace.

D.Apleasantenvironment.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】13.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：文章认为当……时候，妇女开始着色？根据题干定位至文章第一段第一句话Whenthegoinggetstough,realwomenstartcoloring.（当情况变得艰难的时候，现实生活中的妇女开始拾起着色技能。），因此D选项“情况变得困难”符合题意；文章第三段第一句话提到Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.（涂色不仅能唤起童年的快乐回忆；这种行为还可以培养一种幸福感，让人们从数字化世界中放松一下。），可知长期生活在数字化世界中让人感到疲惫，和A选项“数字世界吸引人的时候”，表达意思与原文相悖，故A选项排除；B选项“他们紧握自己的少女时代时”，文中并没有提到妇女的少女时代，因此B选项排除；C项“容易接触这类活动”，这类活动简单，不需要技巧，但这并不是妇女着色的原因，因此C选项排除。综上所述，本题正确答案为D选项。

14.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干：凯西享受着色是因为……？根据题干定位至文章第七段第二句话“ColoringatnightwhileI’mwatchingTVhelpsquietmymind,”shesays.“Icanreallylosemyselfinit,anditstopsmefromthinkingaboutmyworkandthestressesinmylife.”（“晚上看电视的时候涂色能让我的大脑安静下来，”她说。“我真的可以在上色中迷失自我，它让我不再去想我的工作和生活中的压力。”），可知凯西享受着色主要是因为它可以为凯西带来精神上的放松及愉悦，因此B选项“她可以忘记很多忧虑”符合题意；A选项“她可以节约很多钱”，文中没有提到着色这种艺术行为可以给凯西省钱，故A选项不对，排除；C选项“她可以停止药物治疗”，D项“她可以减少看医生的频率”。文中没有提到凯西需要或者可以停止药物治疗，也没有提到她去看医生，在上文第六段最后一句话文章提到researchersfoundthatadults65orolderwhoengagedincreativeactivitiessuchasmakingjewelry,paintingorwritinghadbet