考研考博-英语-南阳师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南阳师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

The（）differenceinChinesedialecthasbecomeaprobleminmutualcommunicationamongpeople.

问题1选项

A.enormous

B.immense

C.imminent

D.eminent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项enormous“巨大的”，指超出了正常的限度和比例；B选项immense“广大的”，侧重空间的广阔；C选项imminent“即将来临的”；D选项eminent“杰出的”。句意：汉语方言的巨大差异已经成为人与人之间交流的一个问题。本句表示差异的巨大。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

DuringthedecadesaftertheUnitedStatesCivilWar,ahostoftechnicaladvancesmadepossible（）anduniformityofrailroadservice.

问题1选项

A.andanewintegration

B.foranewintegration

C.thatanewintegration

D.anewintegration

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法。B项made后面没有了宾语；C项that后面没有谓语，无法构成从句；A项made后面没有了宾语，而且and前后也不是平行结构。故D项正确。句意：在美国内战之后的几十年里,大量的技术进步使铁路服务重新整合保持一致性成为可能。

3.单选题

Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded（

）27%.

问题1选项

A.by

B.for

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介词辨析题。expandby“增加了”；expandfor“扩展为”；expandto“增加到”；expandin“在……中增加”。

句意：在1974年到1997年间，海外游客的数量增加了27%。选项A符合语境。

4.单选题

African-Americanwomenpoetsalso（）totheliteraryachievementoftheHarlemRenaissance,particularlyintheirarticulationofrace,classandgenderissues.

问题1选项

A.contributed

B.approached

C.adapted

D.elevated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:非裔美国女性诗人也对哈莱姆文艺复兴吋期的文学成就做出了贡献，尤其是她们在种族、阶级和性别问题上的表达。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。contribute贡献，出力，投稿，捐献；approach接近，着手处理；adapt使适应，改编；elevate提升，维起，振奋情绪等。

5.单选题

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristics,andthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.However,thereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieu'sviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopmenttheydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrangeshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadrycontinentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulations.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationhadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thus,aftertheendoftheglaciationtherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibet,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing“striking”intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan“tea”isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimes,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandroussocietiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand“froze”thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityinasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

1.WhatwasthesignificanceofthefactthatthePleistoceneglaciationdidnotwipeoutlifeentirelyinthearea?

2.WhichofthefollowingmostlikelybestdescribesTibetan“tea”？

3.Theauthor'sknowledgeofTibetisprobably（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage:whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationcanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

问题1选项

A.Withoutlife,mancouldnotflourisheither.

B.Thedryingoutwastoosuddenformostplantstoadapttotheclimate.

C.Iftheregionhadbeendevoidoflife,someoftheotherspeciesfromnearby,aridareasmightpossiblyhavetakenoverthearea.

D.ThevarietyofTibetanlifewasdecreased.

问题2选项

A.agreentinteddrinksimilartoChinesebasket-friedgreentea

B.anutritiousmixtureoftealeavesandrancidyakbutter

C.adarkbrownteadrink,carefullystrained

D.ahighcaffeinedrink

问题3选项

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultofLifelongstudy

C.limitedtogeologicalhistory

D.derivedonlyfrombooks

问题4选项

A.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

B.Someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Europeanculturesareliberatedtosomedegreefromdeterminism.

问题5选项

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinalandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。定位到第三段：“WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulations.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationhadafurtherthinningeffect.随着喜马拉雅山脉的形成和该地区相对突然的干旱，动物和植物的数量急剧减少。随后发生的不完全更新世冰川作用使冰川进一步变薄。”可知D项“藏族生活的多样性减少”正确。

2.判断推理题。由第三段：Tibetan“tea”isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.藏茶是主要的食品，可以替代难以吃到的蔬菜。由此可以推知：藏茶是主食之一，由于蔬菜品种很少，所以用藏茶来补充因蔬菜摄入不足所缺乏的营养。B项“茶叶与发酵牦牛酥的营养混合物”；A项“—种绿茶，类似于汉族的篮炒绿茶”。C项“经过细致过滤的深棕色茶品”。D项含高咖啡因的饮品。既然是要补充蔬菜摄入不足导致的营养缺乏，自然要用有营养的物质来替代。故B项正确。

3.判断推理题。本文中没有涉及作者的研究和经历，第三段引用了Armand的描述，第四段中讲到了Lattimore和Kawakita的看法。A项“基于第一手经验”；B项“终身学习的结果”；C项“限于地质历史”；D项“仅从书本中获得”故D项正确。

4.细节事实题。由“However,thereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieu'sviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopmenttheydonotdetermineit.但是，并没有打算采用孟德斯鸠关于气候和土壤是文化决定因素的观点。一个区域的生态只造成该区域居民所面临的一些问题，虽然一种文化所面临的问题对其发展很重要，但这些问题并没有决定它的发展。”可知C项“Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.同一地区的文化，共享土壤和气候，本质上是相同的。”正好与孟德斯鸠的观点相符。

5.细节事实题。由第三段中：“Thus,aftertheendoftheglaciationtherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.因此，在冰期结束后，现存的来自原始大陆物种的生命种类只有几个。”可知A项“原产于大陆气候”正确。

6.单选题

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.Onemicronisathousandthofamillimeter:apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallyfromtwotofourmicronslong,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,ifyouenlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejustaboutthesizeofapinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6kilometers)tall.

Evenwithanordinalmicroscopy,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheirstructure.Usingspecialstains,onecanseethatsomebacteriahaveattachedtothemwavy-looking"hairs"calledflagella.Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathroughthewater.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannotmoveaboutbytheirownpower,whileotherscanglidealongoversurfacesbysomelittle-understoodmechanism

Fromthebacterialpointofview,theworldisaverydifferentplacefromwhatitistohumans.Toabacterium,waterisasthickasmolassesistous.Bacteriaaresosmallthattheyareinfluencedbythemovementsofthechemicalmoleculesaroundthem

Bacteriaunderthemicroscope,eventhosewithnoflagella,oftenbounceaboutinthewater.Thisisbecausetheycollidewiththewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofasecondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones;evenbacteriawithoutflagellaarethusconstantlyexposedtoachangingenvironment.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Bacteriaaremeasuredin（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthesmallest?

4.Accordingtothepassage,someonewhoexaminesbacteriausingonlyamicroscopethatmagnifies100timeswouldsee

（

）.

5.Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostnearlyanalogoustowhichofthefollowing?

问题1选项

A.Thecharacteristicsofbacteria

B.Howbacteriareproduce

C.Thevariousfunctionsofbacteria

D.Howbacteriacontributetodisease

问题2选项

A.Inches

B.Centimeters

C.Microns

D.millimeters

问题3选项

A.Apinhead

B.Aroundedbacterium

C.Amicroscope

D.Arod-shapedbacterium

问题4选项

A.tinydots

B.small’’hairs”

C.largerods

D.detailedstructures

问题5选项

A.Ariderjumpingonahorse'sback

B.Aballbeinghitbyabat

C.Aboatpoweredbyamotor

D.Adoorclosedbyagustofwind.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章主要介绍了细菌“小”的这个特点（Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings）。选项A符合题意。

2.文章第一段第二句Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons提到细菌是用microns“微米”来测量的。选项C符合题意。

3.文章第一段提到一个针头大约1000微米，杆状细菌（rod-shapedbacterium）大概是2-4微米，球状细菌（roundedbacterium）直径是一微米。选项B符合题意。

4.文章第二段第一句Evenwithanordinalmicroscopy,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots提到一颗细菌在显微镜下几乎都是极细的现状或者微小的点。选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一段作者对鞭毛和细菌的关系进行了描述：一颗颗细菌附着在鞭毛上，只有鞭毛旋转了，细菌才能跟着在水中运动。这样的关系跟马与骑手的关系很像。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Givethepreviouslyexpressedinterestandtheambitioustoneofherrecentspeeches,thesenator’sattempttoconvincethepublicthatsheisnotinterestedinrunningforasecondtermis（

）.

问题1选项

A.laudable

B.sincere

C.authentic

D.futile

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项laudable“值得赞赏的”；B选项sincere“真诚的，真挚的”；C选项authentic“真正的，真实的”；D选项futile“无用的，无效的”。根据句意‘她在先前的演讲中已经表现出兴趣和勃勃雄心，这位参议员试图说服公众相信她对竞选连任不感兴趣的做法是毫无用处的。’D选项正确。

8.单选题

Astheywatchedthematch,thecrowd（

）inunison.

问题1选项

A.chanted

B.crooned

C.crowed

D.harmonized

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项chant“歌唱，颂扬”；B选项croon“低吟，轻哼”；C选项crow“打鸣”；D选项harmonize“协调”。句意：当他们在观看比赛的时候，人群齐声歌唱。选项A更符合语境。

9.单选题

Themegaphonemakesthevoicesoundbecauseitpointssoundwavesinonedirectionandkeepsthemfromspreadingoutinalldirections.

问题1选项

A.slithering

B.interfering

C.radiating

D.murmuring

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。spreadout表示“展开，伸张”。A项slither“使滑动”，B项interfere“干涉，妨碍”，C项radiate“辐射，发射”，D项murmur“低声说”。句意：扩音器之所以能发出声音，是因为它把声波指向一个方向，防止它们向四面八方扩散。根据题意该题选C。

10.单选题

Robotshavefreedthemanfrommuchboringwork;（

）theyprotectmanfrombeingharmedbysomedangerouswork.

问题1选项

A.thus

B.so

C.however

D.moreover

【答案】D

【解析】副词词义辨析。thus“因此”；so“所以”；however“然而”；moreover“而且，此外”。根据句子意思，可判断出前后两句存在递进关系，所以选用moreover表递进。句意：机器人不仅可以使人类从无聊的工作中解脱出来，而且能够保护人们免遭一些危险工作的伤害。因此选项D符合题意。

11.单选题

Thegovernmentgavemoneytopeopletohelpbuyhomesoutsideofthecities.Thissystemof（）housingcausedmanypeopletoleaveurbanareas.

问题1选项

A.invested

B.provided

C.sustained

D.subsidized

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。本题考查动词的过去分词形式作修饰词时的词义辨析。A选项investe“投资的”；B选项provide“给予”；C选项sustained“持续的”；D选项subsidized“补贴的；补助的”。句意：政府向人们提供资金，帮助他们在城市以外买房子。这种……住房制度使得许多人离开城市。前句明确说明是政府提供资金，属于补贴政策，因此D选项正确。

12.单选题

Nonviolentdemonstrationsoftencreatesuchtensionsthatacommunitythathasconstantlyrefusedto（

）itsinjusticesisforcedtocorrectthem:theinjusticescannolongerbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.acknowledge...ignored

B.decrease...verified

C.tolerate...accepted

D.address...reassess

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项acknowledge“承认，承认…性，告知”；ignore“忽略，忽视”；B选项decrease“减少，减低”；verify“证明，证实，核实”；C选项tolerate“忍受，容忍，承认，尊重”；accept“接受”；D选项address“对付，处理，解决”；eliminate“消除，排除”。句意‘非暴力游行示威常常会造成很大程度上的紧张状态，以至于任何一个自始至终不愿承认其不公平的社会的人就会被迫纠正它们，这些不公平己经到了再也不容忽视的地步了。’A选项正确

13.单选题

Sheexpressedherstrongdeterminationthatnothingcould

hertogiveuphercareerasateacher.

问题1选项

A.induce

B.deduce

C.reduce

D.attract

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。induce“诱导，引起”；deduce“推论；推断”；reduce“减少”；attract“吸引”。Inducesb.todosth.“诱导某人做某事”。句意：她表达了自己坚定的决心，任何事都不可能诱使她放弃教师这个职业。

14.单选题

ElizabethHolmes:HolmesiswheretheheartisTheranos'sbosssayshermissionextendsbeyondmakingafortune.TECHentrepreneursoftenhavetheirowndistinctiveuniforms.ForFacebook'sMarkZuckerberg,itisjeansandahoodie.ForthelateSteveJobs,itwasjeansandblackturtleneck.ElizabethHolmeshasplumpedforsomethingsmartermatchingblackjacket,trousersandturtleneck.Itsaveshavingtodecidewhattoweareachmorning,shesayswithtypicalsingle-mindedness.

Attheageof19MsHolmeshadanideaabouttoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone.SoshedroppedoutofStanfordUniversity,whereshewasstudyingchemicalengineering,andwithmoneythathadbeensetasideforhercollegeeducationshequietlyfoundedTheranos,adiagnosticscompany.Thatwasin2003.Shesaysshespentthenexttenyearsin"stealthmode,withoutpressreleasesorevenacompanywebsite.Duringthattimesheperfectedawayofdoinghundredsoftestscheaplyandquicklyonadropofblood,usinglab-on-a-chiptechnology.

Today,aged31,sheisestimatedbyForbesmagazinetobeworth$4.7billion,andthustobetheworld'syoungestself-madefemalebillionaire.Sheistheauthor,andco-author,ofnumerouspatentsandpatentapplications.YetMsHolmesseemsuninterestedinmoneyorkudos.

Shesayshermissionistousetestingtohelppeoplestayhealthy.Shewantstodetectdiseasessuchasdiabetes,cancersandheartdiseasefarearlier,beforetheyproducesymptoms,andindoingsosavelives.AdmirershavecomparedhertotechnologytitanslikeJobs.Butherfocusonhumanity'sbigproblemsmakeshermorelikeElonMusk,whowantsnotjusttomakemoneybuildingspacerocketsandelectriccars,buttocoloniseotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange.

ThisweekMsHolmesannouncedthatshewastakinghermissionbeyondAmerica'sborders,bylaunchinganot-for-profitprojecttobringcheapmedicalteststoMexicowithbackingfromCarlosSlim,aMexicantelecomsmagnate.Theranosisstillprivatelyowned—MsHolmessayssheholdsmorethan50%ofitsstock-andremainssecretiveaboutitsrevenuestreamsandplans.Althoughitishardtoknowifthecompanymeritsitsrichvaluation,oneencouragingsignforotherinvestorsisthecompany'sstellarboardofdirectors.Itincludestwoformersecretariesofstate(GeorgeShultzandHenryKissinger)andanumberofhigh-profileinvestorsincludingLarryEllisonofOracle.Ifanabilitytowinoverluminariesisadiagnostictestforthehealthofyoungcompanies,Theranospasses.

1.ElizabethHolmes'missioninbusinessis（）?

2.ElizabethHolmesisalwaysin（）?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTTRUE?

4.MsHolmesislikeElonMuskin（）?

5.Twoformersecretariesofstateandanumberofhigh-profileinvestorsarelistedto（）.

问题1选项

A.tohelppeoplestayhealthy

B.toimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone

C.tomakeafortune

D.todetectdiseases

问题2选项

A.jeansandblackturtleneck

B.jeansandahoodie

C.blackjacketandturtleneck

D.jeansandtrousers

问题3选项

A.MsHolmesknewhowtoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone

B.MsHolmeswasdroppedoutofStanfordUniversity

C.MsHolmesstudiedchemicalengineeringatStanfordUniversity

D.MsHolmesestablishedacompanybyherself.

问题4选项

A.makingmoneyintheirownbusiness

B.colonizingotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange

C.becomingtechnologytitans

D.protectinghumanbeingsoftheworld.

问题5选项

A.showgreatyouthofthecompany.

B.showgreatsuccessofthecompany.

C.showgreatstructureofthecompany

D.showgreatpromiseofthecompany

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词定位至第五段:Shesayshermissionistousetestingtohelppeoplestayhealthy(她说她的责任是通过这些测验让人们保持健康)。因此A项“以帮助人们保持健康”正确。

2.细节事实题。第一段指出:ElizabethHolmeshasplumpedforsomethingsmartermatchingblackjacket,trousersandturtleneck(伊丽莎白•福尔摩斯喜欢更时髦的黑色夹克、裤子和高领毛衣)。因此，C项“黑夹克和高领毛衣”正确。

3.判断推理题。第二段指出:Attheageof19MsHolmeshadanideaabouthowtoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone(霍姆斯19岁时就有了一个改进验血方法的想法)。因此，A项“霍姆斯知道改进血液检测的方法”不符合原文所述。

4.判断推理题。根据题干定位至倒数第二段:Butherfocusonhumanity'sbigproblemsmakeshermorelikeElonMusk,whowantsnotjusttomakemoneybuildingspacerocketsandelectriccars,buttocoloniesotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange(但她对人类大问题的关注使她更像埃隆•马斯克，他不仅想通过制造太空火箭和电动汽车赚钱，还想殖民其他星球，把这个星球从气候变化中拯救出来)。因此，本题选D项“保护地球上的人类”。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:Althoughitishardtoknowifthecompanymeritsitsrichvaluation，oneencouragingsignforotherinvestorsisthecompany'sstellarboardofdirectors(尽管很难知道该公司是否值得其丰厚的估值，但对其他投资者来说，一个令人鼓舞的迹象是该公司出色的董事会)。由此可知，列出两位前国务卿和一些知名投资者是为了展现公司的巨大前景。故选D。

15.单选题

Asupermarket______itsstockveryrapidly.

问题1选项

A.turnsover

B.turnsout

C.turnsoff

D.turnsin

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项turnover“移交给，翻阅，周转”，B项turnout“发生，最后证明是”，C项turnoff“关掉，拐弯”，D项turnin“上交，归还”。根据关键词supermarket（超市）和stock（货物）可推断，空格处应该表示“周转”的意思，四个选项中只有A选项能表达出句子的意思。句意：超级市场的存货周转很快。因此，该题选择A项正确。

16.单选题

Theincident（）pressinterest.Reportersfromseveralnewspaperscametointerviewhim.

问题1选项

A.purchased

B.produced

C.provoked

D.processed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这个事件引起了新闻界的兴趣。数家报社的记者前来采访他。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Purchase购买,贏得;produce生产;制造;生长;provoke激怒,煽动,引起;process加工,处理;审阅,审核。故C符合句意。

17.单选题

Two（）bipartisanbillsaimedatreducingthe“trustdeficit”createdbytheSnowdenrevelationsandplacinglimitsonthebulkcollectionofAmericancitizens’metadatawereintroducedtoCongressthisweek.

问题1选项

A.complimentary

B.complementary

C.commentary

D.contemptible

【答案】B

【解析】形近异义词辨析。complimentary“赠送的，称赞的”；complementary“补足的”，commentary“评论，注释”；contemptible“可鄙的，卑鄙的”。句意：这周，由两党赞成的补充议案被提交国会，这些议案旨在减少“信任赤字”，这种“信任赤字”是由斯诺登造成的，并且限制美国公民元数据的批量收集。选项B符合题意。

18.单选题

Youmayneverexperienceanearthquakeoravolcaniceruptioninyourlife,butyouwill（）changesintheland.

问题1选项

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.witness

D.define

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“适应，改编”；B选项adopt“采取，接受”；C选项witness“目击，见证”；D选项define“定义，规定”。句意：在你的生命中你可能从来没有经历过地震或火山爆发，但是你将见证这片土地的变化。选项C符合语境。

19.单选题

“Whichcoatdidyourhusbandbuy?”“Theblackone,butI（）thegreenone.”

问题1选项

A.wouldratherhavebought

B.wouldratherbuy

C.wouldhaveratherbought

D.ratherhadbought

【答案】A

【解析】句意:“你的丈夫买了哪一件外套？”“黑色的那件外套，但我宁愿买绿色的那件。”

语法题。考查虚拟语气。这里表示对过去已发生事情的假设,所以表示对过去的虚拟:wouldratherhave+done。故选A。

20.单选题

ConradHiltonreallywantedtobeabanker.Instead,hesuccessfullychangedthe（1）purchaseofaTexaslow-endhotelintoamultimillion-dollarhotelempirethatearnedhimthe（2）“innkeepertotheworld.”

BorninNewMexicoin1887,Hiltonwas19whenhisparentsbeganrentingoutroomsintheirhome.Thebusinessdidn’tinteresthim,（3）,sohebecamea（4）legislator,foundedabankandwentofftowar.In1919,afterHilton’sfatherdied,afriendsuggestedhe（5）toTexastomakehis（6）.HiltonendedupinCisco,whenhisbankdealthere（7）,heheadedtoanearbyhotel,theMobley.It（8）tooil-fieldworkers,soits40roomsturnedover（9）eighthours.Aweeklater,Hiltonownedit.Hesoonacquiredmorehotels—andstartedtobuildnewones.Hisfirst,theDallasHilton,openedin1925.Bythelate1940s,Hilton’slistincludedtheTownHouseinBeverlyHillsandChicago’sPalmerHouse,aswellas（10）nightclubs（11）A-liststars.Healsoexpandedinternationally.Andin1949,heboughtthe“greatestofthemall”:NewYorkCity’smagnificentWaldorf-Astoria.TypicallyAmerican,Hiltonswere（12）too:thefirst（13）haveroomswithair-conditioning,TVs,ironingboardsandsewingkits.Evenmodernhotel-reservationssystems（14）fromoneHiltonwhichwasestablishedin1948

TodaytheHiltonHotelsCorpownssome3,300（15）in78countries.Lastyearmorethanaquarter-billion

问题1选项

A.good

B.compulsory

C.great

D.casual

问题2选项

A.income

B.living

C.nickname

D.penname

问题3选项

A.however

B.therefore

C.if

D.when

问题4选项

A.nationality

B.state

C.race

D.ethnic

问题5选项

A.went

B.go

C.goes

D.togo

问题6选项

A.life

B.achievement

C.fortune

D.subsistence

问题7选项

A.worse

B.soured

C.soared

D.unstable

问题8选项

A.catered

B.provided

C.led

D.granted

问题9选项

A.every

B.any

C.some

D.each

问题10选项

A.shabby

B.decorated

C.vacant

D.luxurious

问题11选项

A.feature

B.featuring

C.featured

D.features

问题12选项

A.optimistic

B.gifted

C.incentive

D.creative

问题13选项

A.where

B.to

C.at

D.how

问题14选项

A.evolved

B.revolved

C.involved

D.resolved

问题15选项

A.lobbies

B.terraces

C.properties

D.balconies

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:A

第10题:D

第11题:B

第12题:D

第13题:B

第14题:A

第15题:C

【解析】1.考查形容词辨析。空缺处应为purchase的定语，句意为“康拉德•希尔顿原本想成为一个银行家，但后来却把一个偶然买进的低端酒店打造成了酒店王国”。此处casual“偶然的”最符合上下文语义。因此，正确答案为D选项。

2.考查名词辨析。空缺后的“innkeepertotheworld（世界旅馆大王）”是一个称号，A选项income表示“收入，所得”，B选项living表示“生计，生活方式”，C选项nickname表示“绰号，外号”，D选项penname表示“笔名”。earnhimthenickname可表示“为他贏得了……的称号”。因此，本题选择C选项最合适。

3.考查连词辨析。根据第二段第一句可知，在Hilton19岁时，他的父母就把家里的房间租给别人，但他对这门生意不感兴趣，所以他成为了一名议员。此空缺处应表达转折，因此本题正确答案为A项。

4.考查词义辨析。空缺处应为修饰legislator的定语成分，可为名词、形容词或分词。legislator表示“立法者，议员”，一般分为联邦议员或者州、市议员，因此与legislator联系最紧密的应是state（国家，州立）。A选项nationality表示“国籍，国家，民族”，C选项race表示“种族，人种”，D选项ethnic表示“种族的，人种的”。因此本题选择B项最恰当。

5.考查动词suggest的用法。此处应注意空缺前为he，所以本题考查suggest（that）sb(should)dosth结构，表示“建议某人应当做某事”。因此本题正确答案是B项。

6.考查名词辨析。A选项life表示“生活，生存”，B选项achievement表示“成就，完成”，C选项fortune表示“财富，命运，运气”，D选项subsistence表示“生活，生存”。his表明空缺处应为名词，并可与make构成词组。由上下文推断可知Hilton的朋友建议他去Texas“谋发展”，因此fortune最符合语义，makeone’sfortune可表示“发财，发迹，寻求致富之路”。故本题正确答案为C。

7.考查谓语动词。空缺部分应为when引导的状语从句的谓语。A选项worse表示“更坏，更糟”，B选项soured表示“使变糟，使变坏”，C选项soared表示“飙升，骤然上升”，D选项unstable表示“动荡的，不稳定的”。由后文提到的Hilton从银行业转向酒店业可以推断，当时他银行的生意“没能成功”，因此soured最符合句意，故本题正确答案是B项。

8.考查动词辨析。空缺处应填入动词过去式作句子谓语，并需与介词to搭配。句中It指Mobley酒店，根据句意可推断这间酒店专门为油田工人“提供服务”。A选项catered表示“满足需要，提供饮食及服务”，B选项provided表示“提供，给予”，C选项led表示“领导，通向，指引”，D选项granted表示“承认，同意”。caterto可表示“迎合……的需求，为……服务”。因此A选项更符合题意。

9.考查形容词辨析。原句意思是“因为这个酒店专门给油田工人服务，所以这40个房间每隔8小时就会换一批客人住”。表示“每隔……”、“每……”，要用“every＋基数词＋复数名词”，这种结构中的every不能用each替代。因此本题正确答案是A。

10.考查形容词辨析。空缺处应为定语修饰nightclubs。A选项shabby表示“破旧的”，B选项decorated表示“装饰的，修饰的”，C选项vacant表示“空的，空闲的”，D选项luxurious表示“奢侈的，奢华的”。从后面的A-liststars（一线明星）可知Hilton所开办的nightclub是“高档的，豪华的”，因此选用luxurious更恰当。故本题正确答案选D。

11.考查非谓语动词。动词feature表示“以……为特色”，与nightclub为主动关系，因此此处选择现在分词featuring作nightclub的定语，表示“以一线明星为特色的夜总会”，故本题正确答案为B。

12.考查形容词辨析。空缺所在句缺少表语。由原文thefirst可知希尔顿连锁酒店的房间最先配有空调、电视等设备，可见其创新性，因此creative（adj.创造性的）最符合句意。A选项optimistic表示“乐观的”，B选项gifted表示“有天赋的，有才华的”，C选项incentive表示“激励的，刺激的”。因此，本题正确答案为D选项。

13.考查固定搭配。固定结构thefirsttodo表示“第一个做某事”，A、C、D选项均不正确。因此本题正确答案为B。

14.考查形近词词义辨析。此处应为过去式的动词作谓语，且可与介词from搭配。A选项evolved表示“逐渐形成，进化，释放”，B选项revolved表示“旋转，反复思考”，C选项involved表示“涉及，参与”，D选项resolved表示“解决，表决，分解”。even表示本句内容是对上一句的进一步补充，依然阐述希尔顿连锁酒店的创造性。词组evolvefrom表示“由……进化，来源于……”。句意：就连现代的酒店预订系统也是来源于一间1948年创建的希尔顿酒店。故本题正确答案为A项。

15.考查名词辨析。空缺处单词作own的宾语。A选项lobbies表示“大堂”，B选项terraces表示“露台，梯田”，C选项properties表示“资产，财产”，D选项balconies表示“阳台，露台，（剧院）包厢”。文章最后一段对希尔顿酒店的发展作了总结，指出希尔顿酒店集团拥有多少资产，因此properties“财产”最符合句意，故本题正确答案为C。

21.单选题

Onlyonceinawhile（）anovellikethat.

问题1选项

A.theloverofbookscomesabout

B.theloverofbookscomesacross

C.doestheloverofbookscomeacross

D.doestheloverofbookscome

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装。Only位于句首，句子需要倒装，由此可首先排除选项A和选项B；再根据句意：爱书的人只有偶尔才会遇到这样的小说。comeacross意为“偶遇，无意中发现”，选项C符合语境。

22.单选题

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom-awomen'sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkativefrequentlyofferingideasandanecdoteswhilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklyconcurred.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid"she'sthetalkerinourfamily.Theroomburstintolaughterthemanlookedpuzzledandhurt,"it'strue"heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn'tkeeptheconversationgoingwe'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.

ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewoftheme—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percentthatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearchcomplaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaningcookingandsocialarrangements.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication.“Hedoesn'tlistentome”:“Hedoesn'ttalktome.”IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversati