考研考博-英语-安徽林业职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽林业职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thestudentshave（）moreinterestingEnglishclassesastheylikewithoutanyrestrictionsinanyspecifiedfield.

问题1选项

A.committedthemselvesto

B.givenwayto

C.comeupwith

D.signedupfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。signupfor“报名参加”，本句意为“学生们可以自由选择更有趣的英语课程，不受任何特定领域的限制”。此D选项正确。

2.翻译题

Ifyoulookintoadirectoryofsuccessfulpeoplewhoaredoctors,engineersandITprofessionals,thenyouwillnoticethatmanyofthemdreamtobeemployedbypeoplelikeBillGates,whoareprosperousdespitenothavingcollegedegrees.Inotherwords,prosperitydoesnotdependuponacademicqualificationsbutuponopportunitiesprovidedbyentrepreneurswhomaynotbenecessarilybehighlyeducated.Successfulentrepreneursevenbenefitfromnothavingacademicqualifications,becausegoingtocollegeandtakingexaminationsforcespeopletolearnandthinklikemillionsofothergraduates.Thisactuallymakesitlesslikelythattheywillcomeupwiththetrulymould-breakinginsightsand“disruptive”ideasonwhichsuccessfulinnovationsandnewbusinessmodelsarebuilt.

【答案】如果你看一下医生、工程师和IT专业人士等成功人士的名录，你会发现他们中的许多人都梦想着被像比尔•盖茨这样的尽管没有大学学位，却很成功的人雇用。换句话说，成功并不取决于学历，而是取决于那些不一定受过高等教育的企业家所提供的机会。成功的企业家甚至从没有学历中受益，因为上大学和参加考试迫使人们像数百万其他毕业生一样学习和思考。这实际上降低了他们提出真正突破模式的见解和颠覆性想法的可能性，而成功的创新和新的商业模式正是建立在这些见解和想法之上的。

3.单选题

Ahealthylifeisfrequentlythoughttobe（）withtheopencountrysideandhomegrownfood.

问题1选项

A.tied

B.bound

C.involved

D.associated

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项tied“系”；B选项bound“弹回；限制”；C选项involved“涉及；包括”；D选项associated“联系”。句意：健康的生活往往被认为与空旷的野外和自家的食物有……。Ahealthylife“健康的生活”与theopencountrysideandhomegrownfood“空旷的野外和自家的食物”是有关联的。A，B，C选项均不与with搭配使用，可排除。betiedto“束缚于；捆绑于”；beboundto“必定会”；beinvolvedin“涉及；陷入”；beassociatedwith“与……有关联”；因此D选项符合题意。

4.单选题

ThesecondreasonwhyMr.Liwentwrongliesinhisfailureto（）someadditionalcomplexities.

问题1选项

A.takenoaccountof

B.giveanaccountof

C.turnto

D.takeintoaccount

【答案】D

【解析】takenoaccountof不考虑,不重视；giveanaccountof说明,叙述,汇报；turnto转向,求助于,变成；takeintoaccountof考虑。句意：李先生犯错的第二个原因是他没有考虑到一些额外的复杂性。选项A为混淆选项,根据failureto可知,选项D正确。

5.单选题

Practicallyspeaking,theartisticmaturingofthecinemawasthesingle-handedachievementofDavidW.Griffith(1875-1948).BeforeGriffith,photographyindramaticfilmsconsistedoflittlemorethanplacingtheactorsbeforeastationarycameraandshowingtheminfulllengthastheywouldhaveappearedonstage.Fromthebeginningofhiscareerasadirector,however,Griffith,becauseofhisloveofVictorianpainting,employedcomposition.Heconceivedofthecameraimageashavingaforegroundandarearground,aswellasthemiddledistancepreferredbymostdirectors.By1910,hewasusingclose-upstorevealsignificantdetailsofthesceneoroftheactingandextremelongshotstoachieveasenseofspectacleanddistance.Hisappreciationofthecamera’spossibilitiesproducednoveldramaticeffects.Bysplittinganeventintofragmentsandrecordingeachfromthemostsuitablecameraposition,hecouldsignificantlyvarytheemphasisfromcamerashottocamerashot.

Griffithalsoachieveddramaticeffectsbymeansofcreativeediting.Byjuxtaposingimagesandvaryingthespeedandrhythmoftheirpresentation,hecouldcontrolthedramaticintensityoftheeventsasthestoryprogressed.Despitethereluctanceofhisproducers,whofearedthatthepublicwouldnotbeabletofollowsuchastory,Griffithpersistedandexperimentedaswellwithotherelementswhichhavebecomestandardeversince.

Besidesdevelopingthecinema'slanguage,Griffithimmenselybroadeneditsrangeandtreatmentofsubjects.Hisearlymoviesincludednotonlythestandardcomedies,melodramas,westerns,andthrillers,butalsosuchnoveltiesasadaptationsfromBrowningandTennyson,andtreatmentofsocialissues.Ashissuccessmounted,hisambitionsgrew.Whenhemadeanewmoviein1911,heinsistedthatasubjectofimportancecouldnotbetreatedinthethenconventionallengthofonereel.Oneofhismoviesreachedtheunprecedentedlengthoffourreels,oronehour’srunningtime.Griffith’sintroductionoftheAmerican-mademulti-reelpicturebegananimmenserevolution.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）

2.TheauthorsuggeststhatGriffith’sfilminnovationshadadirecteffectonallofthefollowingexcept（）

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbefore1910thenormalrunningtimeofafilmwas（）

4.ItcanbeinferredthatGriffithwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardphotographyinthecinemabeforeGriffithcanbebestdescribedas（）

问题1选项

A.discusstheimportanceofGriffithtothedevelopmentofcinema

B.describetheimpactoncinemaoftheflashbacksandothereditinginnovations

C.documentGriffith'simpactonthechoiceofsubjectmatterinAmericanfilms

D.deplorethestateofAmericancinemabeforetheGriffith

问题2选项

A.filmediting

B.scenecomposing

C.camerawork

D.soundediting

问题3选项

A.15minutesorless

B.between30and45minutes

C.between15and30minutes

D.onehourormore

问题4选项

A.Thegooddirectorwillattempttoexplorenewideasasquicklyaspossible.

B.Themostimportantelementcontributingtoafilm’ssuccessistheabilityoftheactors.

C.Thecamerashouldbeconsideredanintegralandactiveelementinthecreationofafilm.

D.Thecinemashouldemphasizeseriousandsoberexaminationsoffundamentalhumanproblems.

问题5选项

A.sympathetic

B.indifferent

C.nostalgic

D.condescending

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.作者意图题。文章第一段第一句就提到“Practicallyspeaking,theartisticmaturingofthecinemawasthesingle-handedachievementofDavidW.Griffith.”电影艺术的成熟是DavidW.Griffith的个人成就,接下来全文主要讲Griffith对电影事业的发展做出的贡献,也就是讲述其重要性。所以选项A符合原文。

2.细节事实题。文章第一段主要讲述了拍摄技巧上的创新,顺便也提到了场景组合,所以选项B、C正确；第二段主要讲述了视频剪辑的创新,所以选项A也正确,第三段提到的是电影语言而不是声音的处理,所以选项D不正确。

3.判断推理题。根据最后一段后半部分的内容：1911年,Griffith拍摄了一部新电影,他坚持认为一个重要的主题不能用当时传统的一卷胶卷的长度来处理。所以这部电影达到了前所未有的四卷,即一小时的放映时间。格里菲斯引进的美国制作的多卷电影开始了一场巨大的革命。由此推断,1910年以前,电影正常放映的时间是一个胶卷的时间,4个胶卷为1个小时,所以1个胶卷的时间为15分钟,选项A正确。

4.判断推理题。选项A在文中没有合理的论据；文中没有涉及到演员对电影的重要性,所以选项B错误；

选项D电影应该强调对人类基本问题的严肃而冷静的审视,在文中也没有相关论据可以证明,所以错误。

选项C摄影应该被认为是电影创作中不可或缺的积极因素,符合原文。

5.观点态度题。sympathetic同情的；indifferent漠不关心的；nostalgic怀旧的；condescending谦逊的。根据第一段的第二句“BeforeGriffith,photography...”作者只是很平淡的讲述这一事实,没有任何带感情色彩的褒义或者贬义词,所以作者的态度是谦逊的,选项D正确。

6.单选题

Iwish（）toStockholmwhenIwasinSweden.Ihearit’sabeautifulcity.

问题1选项

A.Iwent

B.Ihadgone

C.togo

D.tohiveone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，以表示与事实相反的情况，针对现在时间段的愿望，宾语从句常用“过去时”的虚拟形式；针对将来时间段的愿望，宾语从句常用“过去将来时”的虚拟形式；而针对过去时间段的愿望，宾语从句则常用“过去完成时”。本题根据“IwasinSweden”可以看出是最后者，表示与过去事实相反的情况。句意为：我听说斯德哥尔摩是座美丽的城市。真希望在瑞典时去过那里。因此选B。

7.单选题

Thereislikelytobetensionbetweenlandlordandtenant,betweenlargelandownersandimpecuniouspeasants.

问题1选项

A.petty

B.modicum

C.impoverished

D.frolicsome

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项petty“琐碎的；小气的；小规模的”；B选项modicum“（n.）少量，一点点”；C选项impoverished“穷困的；用尽了的，无创造性的”；D选项frolicsome“嬉戏的，爱闹着玩的”。句意：地主和佃户之间、大地主和贫穷的农民之间可能会出现紧张关系。impecunious“没有钱的；贫穷的”。C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

Immigrantsofallracesinthisareaaredemandingthattheyreceive()treatmentfromtheauthorities.

问题1选项

A.unique

B.united

C.uniform

D.universal

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这个地区所有种族的移民都要求得到当局的统一对待。unique独一无二的；united团结的，统一的；uniform一致的，相同的；universal普遍的，通用的。选项C符合句意。

9.填空题

Directions:Inthispassage,thereare10mistakes.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(/\)intherightplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandputaslash(/)intheblank.

Example:

Televisionisrapidlybecomingtheliteratureofourperiods.

1.time(s)/period

Manyoftheargumentshavingusedforthestudyofliterature

2./

Asaschoolsubjectarevalidfor/\studyoftelevision.

3.the

EveryweekhundredsofCVslandonourdesks.

We’veseenitall:CVsprintedonpinkpaper,CVsthatare

10pageslongandCVswithsillymistakesinfirstparagraph.A

71.____________

goodCVisyourpassporttoaninterviewand,ultimate,to

72.____________

thejobyouwant.Initialimpressionsarevital,andabadlypresented

CVcouldmeanacceptance,regardlessofwhat’sinit.

73.____________

Hereareafewwaystoavoidendupontherejectpile.

74.____________

PrintyourCVongood-qualitywhitepaper.CVswithflowery

backgroundsorpinkpaperwillstandoutuponallthewrongreasons.

75.____________

Getsomeonetocheckforspellingandgrammaticalerrors,

becauseaspell-checkerwillpickupeverymistake,CVswitherrors

76.____________

willberejected-itshowsthatyoudon’tpayattentiontodetail.

Restrictyourselftooneortwopagesandlistingany

77.____________

publicationsorrefereesonaseparatesheet.

IfyouaresendingyourCVelectronically,checktheformatting

bysendingittoyourselffirst.Keepuptheformatsimple.

78.____________

Donotsendaphotounlessspecificallyrequested.

Ifyouhavetosendone,makesureitisonetakingina

79.____________

professionalsetting,ratherthanaholidaysnap.

Gettingthepresentationrightisjustthefirststep.

Whataboutthecontent?TheRulehereistokeepitfactualand

truthful-exaggerationsusuallygetfindout.Andremember

80.____________

totailoryourCVtoeachdifferentjob.

【答案】71.first前加上定冠词the

72.ultimate改为ultimately

73.acceptance改为unacceptance

74.end改为ending

75.upon改为among

76.在will和pick之间插入not

77.listing改为list

78.Keepup去掉up

79.taking改为taken

80.find改为found

【解析】71.考查冠词。表示“第几”时，要在序数词前，加上定冠词the。这里要表达的是第一段，因此要在first前加上定冠词the。

72.考查副词。本词用在两个逗号之间，单独使用，是整个句子的插入语，应该用副词形式ultimately“最终”。另外，形容词ultimate只能用在名词前做定语。

73.考查上下文语义。原文句意：第一印象很重要，表现得很糟糕，不管简历上写了什么，都可能意味着被录取。由此可知，原句意逻辑不通，很糟糕的第一印象应该意味着不被录取，而非录取。因此acceptance应改为unacceptance，句意：第一印象很重要，表现得很糟糕，不管简历上写了什么，都可能意味着不被录取。

74.考查非谓语动词。Avoid+doing表示避免。此处end(up)接在动词avoid后面，做avoid的非谓语，其形式应该为ending。

75.考查介词。句意：简历有华丽的背景或者用粉色的纸打印会在所有错误的理由中脱颖而出。根据句意，“简历有华丽的背景或者用粉色的纸打印”这两个错误在所有的错误中格外突出，此处用介词among“在……中”比介词upon“在……上”更好。

76.考查上下文语义。原文句意：找一个人帮你检查拼写和语法错误，因为拼写检查工具会找出所有错误。由此可知，原句意逻辑不通。如果拼写检查工具可以找出所有的错误的话，就不需要再专门找一个人检查了。所以正确的句意是：找一个人帮你检查拼写和语法错误，因为拼写检查工具不能找出所有错误。因此，要在will和pick之间插入not

77.考查并列句和祈使句。原文Restrictyourselftooneortwopagesandlistinganypublicationsorrefereesonaseparatesheet.（把你的自我介绍限制在一到两页，并在另一张纸上列出任何出版作品或者推荐人。）此处是用and连接两个祈使句，因此，listing应与restrict一样使用动词原形list。

78.考查动词短语的使用。句意：保持格式简单。Keepup虽然有“使继续，保持”的意思，但是该短语的用法是keepsthup“继续某事”，例如：IwassohungryallthetimethatIcouldnotkeepthedietupforlongerthanamonth.（我总是饿，所以我的节食一个月后就继续不下去了。）由此可知Keepup用在此处，句意和用法都不对。去掉up，直接用动词keep“保持”就可以满足要求。

79.考查非谓语动词。句意：确保是一张在专门的地方拍的照片，而不是一张旅游快照。此处takeinaprofessionalsetting做one（指代前文的photo）的非谓语，taking表主动；taken表被动。这里是被动，所以应该用taken。

80.考查非谓语动词。句意：夸大其词通常会被发现。Findout“发现”做get的非谓语，过去分词形式表被动，getfoundout表示被发现。

10.单选题

TheAmericanslostthenuclearweaponmonopolywhentheSovietsexplodedtheirfirstatomicbomb.

问题1选项

A.control

B.business

C.superiority

D.privilege

【答案】A

【解析】句意：苏联第一颗原子弹爆炸后，美国失去了核武器的垄断地位。monopoly意为“垄断，专卖”，也就是具有控制权。所以control与之意思相近。

11.单选题

Franklyspeaking,I'dratheryou（）anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

问题1选项

A.do

B.don'tdo

C.did

D.didn'tdo

【答案】D

【解析】wouldrather引导的从句用虚拟语气,动词用过去时态表示,所以首先排除选项A和B；根据anything可指本句应该为否定语气,所以选项D正确。

12.单选题

Theopeningceremonywascolorful,butthe（

）proceedingswereboring.

问题1选项

A.subsequent

B.consequent

C.successive

D.later

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管开幕式多姿多彩，但是随后的活动却是无聊的。

考查形容词辨析。Subsequent随后的,后来的;consequent随之发生的,作为结果的;successive连续的,依次的;later后来的,以后的。故A符合句意。

13.单选题

Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoas“nature/nurture”.

Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittleifanything,todowithourabilities’,characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.

Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,orastheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.AbehavioristB.F.Skinnerseeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists’viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic,theymaintainthat,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.

Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldsupportersofthe“nature”theoryagreewith?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldproponentsofthe“nurture”theoryagreewith?

3.B.F.Skinner（）.

4.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversy,thewriterofthisarticle（）.

5.IntheU.S,blackpeopleoftenscorepeopleonintelligencetests.Withthisinmind,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

问题1选项

A.Aperson’sinductshavelittleeffectonhisactions.

B.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson’sbehaviorandpersonality

C.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.

D.Thebehaviorists’viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.

问题2选项

A.Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior

B.Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect

C.Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.

D.Apersons’characterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment

问题3选项

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.thinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantroleindeterminingcharacter

C.believesinstinctsgovernbehavior

D.believesintheimportanceofgenesindeterminingpersonality

问题4选项

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.supportsthenurturetheory

C.believesbotharecompletelywrong

D.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboththeories.

问题5选项

A.Natureproponentswouldsaythatwhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoblacks

B.Nurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatblacksarebiologicallyinferiortowhites

C.Supportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatwhitesscorewellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment

D.Behavioristswouldsaythatblacksoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.根据第三段第一句“Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.”那些支持“先天性”的人认为,我们的个性和行为模式在很大程度上是由生物学和基因因素决定的。选项C符合原文。

2.根据第一句可知,“后天性”理论的支持者认为,环境比基于生物学的本能更能决定我们的行为模式。所以选项D正确。

3.根据第四段第二句“AbehavioristB.F.Skinnerseeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.”行为主义者B.F.Skinner认为,人类的行为几乎完全是由周围环境塑造的。选项B符合原文。

4.根据最后一段的内容可知,这两种理论都不能完全解释人类的行为。事实上,我们行为的关键很可能在这两个极端之间。选项D符合原文。

5.选项C说“先天性”理论的支持者认为白人得分高是因为他们拥有优越的环境。很显然是错误的,因为环境影响是“后天性”支持者的看法。所以本题选C。

14.单选题

Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,（

）overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.

问题1选项

A.whose

B.which

C.that

D.what

【答案】A

【解析】语法（定语从句）题。分析题目可知，空格处填入的词是引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是beer，跟空格后的overallconsumption是所属关系，所以连接词用whose，A选项正确。

15.单选题

I’llgototheairporttomorrowmorningto（）agoodfriendwholeavesforAustralia.

问题1选项

A.seeoff

B.sendoff

C.turnoff

D.saydeparture

【答案】A

【解析】词组辨析。seeoff“送别，送行”；sendoff“发送，派遣”；turnoff“关掉，拐弯”；saydeparture“说离开”。句意：明天早上我将去机场，跟我即将去往澳大利亚的朋友送别。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Couldyoupossibly（）meatthenextcommitteemeeting?

问题1选项

A.comeupwith

B.makeupfor

C.doawaywith

D.standinfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语。comeupwith“提出，想出”；makeupfor“补偿，弥补”；doawaywith“废除，去掉”；standinfor“代替”。将四个选项代入空格处只有选项D符合。

17.单选题

Identitytheftcanrangeforthesimpletheftofacreditcard,oritcangointomorecomplexschemeswherethethievescan_______hundredsofpeopleatatime.

问题1选项

A.embody

B.impersonate

C.personify

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】embody使具体化;impersonate模仿,扮演;personify赋予...以人性,使人格化;assume假定,设想。句意：身份盗窃可以简単地归类于信用卡盗窃，也可以是更复杂的方案，比如窃贼可以一次冒充数百人。选项B符合句意。

18.单选题

Manyofyouyoungpersonsoutthereareseriouslythinkingaboutgoingtocollege.(Thatis,ofcourse,alie.Theonlythingsyouyoungpersonsthinkseriouslyaboutareloudmusicandsex.Trustme:thesearecloselyrelatedtocollege).Collegeisbasicallyabunchofroomswhereyousitforroughlytwothousandhoursandtrytomemorizethings.Thetwothousandhoursarespreadoutoverfouryears;youspendtherestofthetimesleepingandtryingtogetdates.

Basically,youlearntwokindsofthingsincollege:

Thingsyouneedtoknowlaterinlife(twohours).Theseincludehowtomakecollecttelephonecallsandgetbeerandcrepe-paperstainsoutofyourpajamas.

Thingsyouwillnotneedtoknowinlaterlife(1,998hours).Thesearethethingsyoulearninclasseswhosenamesendin-ology,-osophy,-istry,-ics,andsoon.Theideaisyoumemorizethesethings,thenwritethemdowninlittleexambooks,thenforgetthem.Ifyoufailtoforgetthem,youbecomeaprofessorandhavetostayincollegefortherestofyourlife.

It’sverydifficulttoforgeteverything.Forexample,whenIwasincollege,Ihadtomemorize—don’taskmewhy—thenamesofthemetaphysicalpoetsotherthanJohnDonne.Ihavemanagedtoforgetoneofthem,butIstillrememberthattheothertwowerenamedVaughanandCrashaw.

Sometimes,whenI’mtryingtoremembersomethingimportant,likewhethermywifetoldmetogettunapackedinoilortunapackedinwater,VaughanandCrashawjustpopupinmymind,rightthereinthesupermarket.It’saterriblewasteofbraincells.

Afteryou’vebeenincollegeforayearorso,you’resupposedtochooseamajor,whichisthesubjectyouintendtomemorizeandforgetthemostthingsabout.Hereisaveryimportantpieceofadvice:besuretochooseamajorthatdoesnotinvolveKnownFactsandRightAnswers.

Thismeansthatyoumustnotmajorinmathematics,physics,biologyorchemistry,becausethesesubjectsinvolveactualfacts.If,forexample,youmajorinmathematics,you’regoingtowanderintoclassonedayandtheprofessorwillsay:“Definethecosineintegerofthequadrantoftherhomboidbinaryaxis,andextrapolateyourresulttofivesignificantvertices.’’Ifyoudon’tcomeupwithexactlytheanswertheprofessorhasinmind,youfail.Thesameistrueofchemistry:ifyouwriteinyourexambookthatcarbonandhydrogencombinetoformoak,yourprofessorwillflunkyou.Hewantsyoutocomeupwiththesameanswerheandalltheotherchemistshaveagreedon.Scientistsareextremelysnottyaboutthis.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatarecloselyrelatedtocollege?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldthecollegestudentslearnincollege?

3.Whenshouldthecollegestudentschooseamajor?

4.Theword“flunk”inthelastparagraphmeans_____.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Thinkingandstudy.

B.Shoppingandmusic.

C.Musicandsex.

D.Sleepingandthinking.

问题2选项

A.Howtomemorizethingsandtogetdates.

B.Thethingsyouwillneedandnotneedtoknowinlaterlife.

C.Howtoforgeteverythingandtowritepoets.

D.Howtoenhancememoryandstudyability.

问题3选项

A.Themomenttheygotocollege.

B.Aftertheyhavebeenincollegefornearlytwoyears.

C.Aftertheyhavebeenincollegeforayearorso.

D.Whentheybecomeasenior.

问题4选项

A.float

B.fail

C.ridicule

D.dupe

问题5选项

A.TheMythofCollege

B.WhatCanYouLearninCollege

C.HowtoEnjoyYourCollegeLife

D.TheImportanceofCollege

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Theonlythingsyouyoungpersonsthinkseriouslyaboutareloudmusicandsex.”，可知作者提出年轻人唯一认真考虑的事情是吵闹的音乐和性。所以这两件事与大学密切相关。选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“youlearntwokindsofthingsincollege”，第三段第一句，“Thingsyouneedtoknowlaterinlife(twohours).”，以及第四段第一句，“Thingsyouwillnotneedtoknowinlaterlife(1,998hours).”，可知大学生需要做学习的两件事就是：需要知道的事和不需要知道的事。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据第七段第一句，“Afteryou’vebeenincollegeforayearorso,you’resupposedtochooseamajor…”，可知，上大学一年左后，应该选一个专业。选项C符合题意。

4.语义题。“…comeupwithexactlytheanswertheprofessorhasinmind,youfail.Thesameistrueofchemistry…yourprofessorwillflunkyou.”，列举了两件类似事情，根据前一句的failure可知，如果你不能在教科书里写出碳氢结合形成橡树，你的教授同样会让你不及格，所以flunk也是失败的意思。选项B符合题意。

5.主旨题。纵观全文，第一段作者介绍了大学里密不可分的事情是音乐和性，第二三四段介绍了在大学中你必须学到了两件事，所以B和C选项是文章内容的一部分，不够全面，选项B、C可排除。选项D中大学的重要性文章没有提及，可排除。选项A符合题意。

19.填空题

Papouseknoticedthatababywhohadhadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoon

makingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsofpleasure.Sohebegantostudythechildren’sresponsesinsituationswhennomilk

A

B

C

D

wasprovided.

【答案】Dwhen改为where

【解析】【考查点】从句。

【解题思路】D部分到句尾是修饰situations的定语从句，situations意思为“情况，状况”表示地点，因此D部分应为where。

【句意】帕普塞克注意到，婴儿喝够了牛奶，就会拒绝牛奶，但仍会继续做出习得性反应，并带有明显的快乐迹象。因此，他开始研究在不提供牛奶的情况下孩子们的反应。

20.单选题

（

）hetriedtounderstandShakespeare’stragedies,hefailedallthesame.

问题1选项

A.Hardas

B.Ashard

C.Hardalthough

D.Thoughhard

【答案】A

【解析】考查as引导的让步状语从句。句意：虽然他尽力去理解莎士比亚的悲剧作品，但是却仍然失败了。选项A符合题意。

21.单选题

Withmanyethnicgroupsrepresented,thestudentunionisvery（

）.

问题1选项

A.homogeneous

B.heterodox

C.heterogeneous

D.heterogeneousness

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。homogeneous意为“同性质的，同类的”；heterodox意为“异端的，非正统的”；heterogeneous意为“由很多种类组成的，各种各样的”；heterogeneousness意为“异质的”。

句意：学生会由不同成员组成，代表了很多民族团体。

22.单选题

Artthatenduresoftenmakesaninitiallydisturbingimpact:theprofoundexperiencethatsuchartseekstoprovokenecessarilyengendersacertain（

）.

问题1选项

A.familiarity

B.ennui

C.upheaval

D.intimacy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。familiarity“熟悉，精通”；ennui“厌倦，无聊，倦怠”；upheaval“剧变，动乱”；intimacy“亲密，亲昵行为”。句意：忍耐的艺术通常产生原发性地让人烦恼的冲击效果：这种艺术试图引起的深刻经验必然产生一种错乱。选项C符合题意。

23.单选题

Thesunisnotgrowingweaker,yetitslightappearstobedimming.Between1960and1990,somescientistsbelieve,theamountofsolarradiationreachingEarth’ssurfacemayhavedeclinedasmuchas10%—andinsomeplaces,HongKong,forexample,morethan35%.

Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck,saysVeerabhadranRamanthan,anatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thenthefullimpactofthebuildupofgreenhousegaseshasyettobefelt.Thisweek,attheAmericanGeophysicalUnionmeetinginMontreal,Ramanathanandotherswillbepresentingthelatestdataonthesolar-dimmingproblemandponderingitsimplicationsfortheclimatesystemasawhole.

Manyscenariosforglobalwarming,forexample,invokeaspeedupinthehydrologicalcyclebywhichwaterevaporatesandthencomesdownasrain.Thecoolingproducedbysolardimming,however,mayslowtherateofevaporation,whilehigherupintheatmospherethepollutantsresponsibleforabsorbingandreflectingsunlightarelikelytointerferewiththeprocessthatproducesrain.

Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.

Manyquestionsremain,includingthetrueextentofthedimming.Oneanalysispegstheaverageworldwidedarkeningtobeabout4%overthreedecades,whileanothercomputesittobemorethantwicethatmuch.TherearealsoquestionsaboutthereliabilityofthedevicesthatmeasurethesunlightreachingEarth’ssurface.Knownasradiometers,theseinstrumentsarenothingmorethanflat,blacksolarcollectorscappedwithglass.Theyaresometimesfinicky:asmudgeofdirtoraspeckofdustcancausebogusreadingsandchangethecalculatedresults.

Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.AsRamanthanputsit,“It’slikewehaveanew