考研考博-英语-南昌理工学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南昌理工学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywherealtitudesareconcerned（1）.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddleclasspeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers'jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.（2）,havinggivenhiswifeher“housekeeping”，wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewasandstillis―inclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasamostimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlawshavemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".（3）.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

（4）.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.（5）Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillreappear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

问题1选项

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

问题2选项

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

问题3选项

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

问题4选项

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

问题5选项

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:F

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.前文含义“但是，在某些方面变化很小，特别是在某些高度上”可推断此处应是对“verylittlehaschanged”的举例，C项含义为“关于社会阶层的问题，即一个人是否为工人阶级或中产阶级，就是一个变化非常缓慢的领域”，符合题意，故选C。

2.前文含义为“在过去，工人阶级的工资往往低于中产阶级，如教师和医生。基于这一点以及工人工作的不安全性，人们生活方式和态度出现了明显的差异。”下文举例，空格后文的含义为“给一部分给妻子作为生活开支，剩下的出去喝酒和赌博”可知此处为工人阶级的做法，选项F含义为“典型的工人阶级男人们，在周五晚上领薪水，大部分人认为…”符合上下文，故选F。

3.前文含义为“如今变化很大，在大多数情况下，工厂工人的收入可以与他们的中产阶级主管持平。社会保障和法律也使人们不再担心“明天”。空格后文的含义为“事实上，在过去的几年里，中产阶级对自己的地位感到羞愧的趋势越来越明显。”可推断此处可能与“工人阶级对自己过去的社会地位的感觉”相关，A项含义为“工人阶级似乎在慢慢失去过去的那种自卑感”符合上下文，故选A。

4.空格后文的含义为“他们通常在音乐和衣服上有着相似的品味，为了玩得很开心他们愿意花钱，必要时还会为假期或长期计划储蓄。与前几代相比，差异似乎要小得多。”此处可能为对某种变化的举例。选项D的含义为“生活方式和态度的变化很可能很容易在年轻人中看到”符合上下文，故选D。

5.空格后文的含义为“只要这种差距存在，就永远有可能出现新的冲突和猜忌，或者旧的冲突在不同的群体之间再次出现”可推断空格处应与某种差异相关，选项B的含义为“然而，在高薪（无论他们有什么样的工作）和低薪者之间仍然有很大的差距”符合上下文，故选B。

2.单选题

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom—awomen’sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon'ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid“She’sthetalkerinourfamily.”Theroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt.“It’strue,”heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn’tkeeptheconversationgoing,we’dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituations,theyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.

ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewofthemen—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearch,complaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequities,suchas,havinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cooking,socialarrangementsanderrands.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication:“Hedoesn’tlistentome”“Hedoesn’ttalktome.”Ifound,asHackerobservedyearsbefore,thatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobe,firstandforemost,conversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.

Inshort,theimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawomanglaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk.

1.Whatismostwivesmainexpectationoftheirhusbands?

2.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase“wreakinghavoc”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?

5.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson（）.

问题1选项

A.Talkingtothem.

B.Trustingthem.

C.Supportingtheircareers.

D.Sharinghousework.

问题2选项

A.generatingmotivation

B.exertinginfluence

C.causingdamage

D.creatingpressure

问题3选项

A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen.

B.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation.

C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples.

D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse.

问题4选项

A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.

B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.

C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.

D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.

问题5选项

A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk

B.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon

C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.

D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。定位到文章第一段“TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.”晚上快结束的时候，我评论说，女人经常抱怨她们的丈夫不跟她们说话。这个人立刻点头表示同意。由此可知大多数妻子都是希望丈夫和她们多多沟通的，因此选项A正确。

2.语义推测题。根据句意：这种模式正在对婚姻造成严重破坏。由此可知wreakinghavoc和causingdamage造成损害意义最为接近，因此选项C正确。

3.细节事实题。定位到文章第三段“Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.”。考虑到目前美国近50%的离婚率，每年在美国就会有数百万起这样的案例——这简直是一种谈话失败的流行病。美国有近50%的离婚率，但并不都是缺少交流引起的，因此选项B正确。

4.主旨大意题。整篇文章由一个真实场景引入到婚姻中的谈话沟通，谈论美国部分家庭的婚姻现状，主要探讨妻子和丈夫对于沟通部分不同看法以及做法，那丈夫在外健谈，在家很少说话的婚姻交谈模式以及妻子想要和丈夫谈话的迫切使得婚姻出现裂痕。选项D符合文意。

5.推理判断题。文章最后一段提到能代表当前危机的形象是一个典型的卡通场景，可以推断出作者接下来可能对这个卡通的一些细节进行展开，因此选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Thenotesaboveweresetdownforalecturein1967,andIfindmyselfnowmakingafewchangestobringthemuptodate,noneofmuchconsequence.（1）Iseethecasenow,thereisonepointtheseoldnotesseemtobedriving（2）whichneverquitegetsarticulatedbutwhich（3）alotformethesedays.Itseems（4）,infact;andespeciallysoperhapsinviewofthepresentconditionofAmericanpoetry.Farmorethantherealityofthescene,whichInonethelesshighlyprize,Iwouldcall（5）nowtotheabsolutepurityofstyleachievedinthislittlemasterpiece,andeffortlesslyachieved,

（6）tobeequaledevenbyWilliams.OtherpoemsbyWilliams-certainlypoemsbyotherpoets—aremuchricher（7）whattheyencompass;（8）visionisdeeperandthecharacterofthepoetstandsasamoreaffectinghumanpresence.Oftenenoughthelanguageismore（9）.Butthispoemisperfectlysaid.Lean,streamlined;andthereis（10）extra,noexcrescence,noexcess,noshowingoff;norindeedanyshortcomingwhatever.Wehave（11）wesee;wehaveitexactlyArtcanaspirehigherandnodoubt,attimes,should.

（12）notalways.IthinkofWangWei:theChineseeffectingeneral,here（13）.IbegintounderstandhowacriticlikeWinterscanarguethatthebrieflyricmaybegreaterthanacompletetragedy,lyriccanhopeforperfection,a(n)

（15）wholenessandunity.OneofWilliams’manyadmirershaswritten（16）“BetweenWalls”thatsince“thereisnolivingthinginthepoem-justamockeryofthecolorofgrowingplants-thefeelingofthepoemis...sterileandairless.”Butthisopinioncanonlybetheresultofanabsurdprejudice,probablygotupoutofsomeall（17）simpleunderstandingoftheorganicandthenatural.Thereisnomockeryinthisgreen:imitation,yes,and,onemight（18）suggest,acertainpathosandbraveryintheimitation.Thereismoreto（19）thanthat,butthereis,justglintingly,that.Meanwhilewedohavealso,thankingthemuseofreality,piecesofabrokenbottle,therealthing,asgoodas（20）greenleafhere.

问题1选项

A.As

B.Though

C.And

D.Because

问题2选项

A.to

B.through

C.in

D.at

问题3选项

A.acknowledges

B.calculates

C.makes

D.counts

问题4选项

A.crucial

B.impossible

C.mediocre

D.unnecessary

问题5选项

A.forth

B.mind

C.attention

D.back

问题6选项

A.already

B.rarely

C.surely

D.actually

问题7选项

A.on

B.to

C.in

D.from

问题8选项

A.their

B.its

C.whose

D.it’s

问题9选项

A.vulgar

B.virtuous

C.brilliant

D.favorable

问题10选项

A.something

B.anything

C.nothing

D.everything

问题11选项

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.and

问题12选项

A.So

B.But

C.Thus

D.For

问题13选项

A.naturalized

B.socialized

C.sympathized

D.philosophized

问题14选项

A.aslongas

B.lest

C.since

D.while

问题15选项

A.unflawed

B.mistaken

C.fragmented

D.far-fetched

问题16选项

A.off

B.for

C.in

D.of

问题17选项

A.little

B.much

C.very

D.too

问题18选项

A.even

B.yet

C.however

D.nevertheless

问题19选项

A.it

B.them

C.those

D.these

问题20选项

A.many

B.much

C.some

D.any

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:C

第8题:A

第9题:A

第10题:C

第11题:B

第12题:B

第13题:C

第14题:C

第15题:A

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:A

第20题:D

【解析】（1）连词辨析题。根据句意：正如我现在看到的情况选项A符合句意。

（2）固定搭配。driveat用意所在。句意：这些旧笔记的用意似乎没有很清晰地被表达出来。

（3）词意辨析题。acknowledge承认、答谢；calculate计算、推测；make使得…；count有价值、计算。这里指它们对我很有价值。选项D符合句意。

（4）词意辨析题。crucial关键的；impossible不可能的；mediocre普通的；unnecessary不必要的。原文指这些笔记看起来很普通。

（5）固定搭配。callattentionto唤起注意。本文指呼吁大家关注这篇杰作淳朴的风格。

（6）词意辨析题。rarely很少地、难得。本文指很少有人能够写出如此绝对风格淳朴的诗歌。

（7）介词搭配。richin在...方面很丰富。本文指他们诗歌所包含的内容要丰富得多。

（8）代词辨析题。their指前面提到的Williams和其他诗人。

（9）词意辨析题。vulgar通俗的；virtuous善良的；brilliant杰出的；favorable喜爱的。这里指语言通俗易懂。选项A符合原文。

（10）代词辨析题。根据下文“noexcrescence,noexcess,noshowingoff...”可知填空处应填入表否定的代词，只有选项C符合句意。

（11）分析句子结构可知，缺少see的宾语。选项what符合句意。

（12）连词辨析题。根据上下文：毫无疑问，有时也应该如此，，并不总是如此。由此可知，这里应填入but表转折。

（13）动词辨析题。naturalized移植、归化；socialized社会化；sympathized同情、支持；philosophized使哲学化、理性地思考。根据下文的“tragedy”可知选项C符合原文。

（14）考查逻辑连接词。根据原文：一首简洁的抒情诗的内涵会大于一首完整的悲情诗的内涵，因为抒情诗有更完美的期待。上下文存在因果关系，since表原因。

（15）词意辨析题。unflawed完美无缺的；mistaken被误解的；fragmented支离破碎的；far-fetched牵强附会的。填空处的词用来修饰wholenessandunity（整体和统一体），选项A符原文。

（16）根据原文：威廉姆斯的众多崇拜者之一曾为《墙与墙之间》写过这样一段话。为了...用for。

（17）根据原文：但这种观点只能是一种荒谬偏见的结果，大概是出于对一些过于简单的有机和自然的认识。选项D符合原文。

（18）根据原文：模仿，是的，甚至有人会说，模仿中有某种悲怆和勇敢。选项A符合原文。

（19）根据原文：这首诗的意境不仅仅局限于那些。It特指这首诗。

（20）根据原文，leaf为单数，所以只能选D。

4.单选题

FlatswerealmostunknowninBritainuntilthe1850swhentheyweredeveloped,alongwithotherindustrialdwellings,forthelaboringclasses.Thesevastblockswereplainlya（1）meansof（2）socialconsciencebyhousinglargenumbersoftheever-presentpooron（3）citysites.Duringthe1880s,however,theideaoflivingincomfortableresidentialchamberscaughtonwiththe（4）upperanduppermiddle-classes,and（5）astotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofflatlifewasatopicofconversation（6）manya（7）dinnertable.InParisandothermajorEuropeancities,thecustomwherebythebetter-offlivedinapartments,orflats,waswell（8）.Uptothelate19thcenturyinEnglandonlybachelorbarristershadestablishedthe（9）oflivinginroomsneartheLawCourt:anyself-respectingheadofhouseholdwouldinsist（10）aWestEndtownhouseashisLondonhome,thebestthathis（11）couldprovide.

The（12）offlatsforthebetter-offseemstohavedevelopedforanumberofreasons.First,perhaps,throughthe（13）oftherailways,whichhadenabledawide（14）ofpeopletoenjoyaholidaystayinginasuiteatoneoftheluxuryhotelswhichhadbeguntospringupduringthepreviousdecade.（15）,nodoubt,thefactthatmanyoftheearlyluxuryflatsweresimilar（16）hotelsuites,evenbeingprovidedwith（17）diningroomsandcentralboilersforhotwaterandheating.Rentstendedtobehightocoveroverheads,butsavingsweremade（18）bythesecommunalamenitiesand（19）tenantsbeingableto（20）thenumberoffamilyservants.

问题1选项

A.conservative

B.conventional

C.convenient

D.communicative

问题2选项

A.easing

B.decreasing

C.diminishing

D.enhancing

问题3选项

A.compact

B.condensed

C.compressed

D.compatible

问题4选项

A.flourishing

B.affluent

C.humble

D.impoverished

问题5选项

A.ambiguity

B.controversy

C.prediction

D.compromise

问题6选项

A.around

B.through

C.over

D.above

问题7选项

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respectable

D.respecting

问题8选项

A.launched

B.imposed

C.established

D.enacted

问题9选项

A.tradition

B.anticipation

C.conviction

D.qualification

问题10选项

A.in

B.to

C.upon

D.for

问题11选项

A.sense

B.method

C.means

D.duty

问题12选项

A.superiority

B.popularity

C.priority

D.adversity

问题13选项

A.production

B.destruction

C.consumption

D.introduction

问题14选项

A.category

B.ratio

C.proportion

D.range

问题15选项

A.Nevertheless

B.Notwithstanding

C.Hence

D.Hitherto

问题16选项

A.with

B.to

C.for

D.as

问题17选项

A.communal

B.mutual

C.concentrated

D.domestic

问题18选项

A.vulnerable

B.available

C.accessible

D.possible

问题19选项

A.with

B.from

C.at

D.by

问题20选项

A.shorten

B.reduce

C.shrink

D.increase

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:C

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:D

第15题:C

第16题:B

第17题:A

第18题:D

第19题:D

第20题:B

【解析】1.考查形容词辨析。conservative“保守的”；conventional“传统的，常见的，符合习俗的”；convenient“方便的”；communicative“爱说话的，健谈的”。句意：这些公寓在那时是用来缓解社会良知的方便方法，这些房子里当时住着许多穷人。通过把大多数穷人安置在小公寓里是一种方便的方法。故C项正确。

2.考查动词辨析。ease“减轻，缓解，缓和”；decrease“减少”；diminish“减少，使变小”；enhance“增加”。此处指缓和社会良知，故A项正确。

3.考查形容词辨析。compact“袖珍的，紧凑的”；condensed“浓缩的，扼要的”；compressed“被压缩的”；compatible“兼容的，能共处的”。由citysites可知城市街区里的公寓是很紧凑的。故A项正确。

4.考查形容词辨析。flourishing“繁荣的，繁盛的”；affluent“富裕的，丰盛的”；humble“谦虚的，简陋的，”；impoverished“穷困的，用尽了的”。由“upperanduppermiddle-classes”可知上层阶级是富裕的，故B项正确。

5.考查名词辨析。ambiguity“含糊，模棱两可”；controversy“争议，争论”；prediction“预报，语言”；compromise“妥协，和解”。由下文可知此空指的是有关公布公寓生活的优点和缺点的争论。故B项正确。

6.考查固定搭配。aroundthetable围坐在餐桌周围。

7.考查形近词辨析。respective“各自的”；respectful“恭敬的，有礼貌的”；respectable“体面的，值得尊敬的，人格高尚的”；respecting“关于”。富人的餐桌应该是体面的，故C项符合题意。

8.考查动词辨析。launch“发射，发起，发动”；impose“强加，征税，以…欺骗”;establish“建立，确立”；enact“颁布，制定法律”。在巴黎和欧洲其他主要城市，富人住在公寓里的习俗已经建立。C项符合题意。

9.考查名词辨析。tradition“传统，习惯”；anticipation“预料，预想，预期”；conviction“定罪，确信，证明有罪”；qualification“资格，条件”。句意：到19世纪末，在英国只有单身律师建立了住在法院附近房子里的习惯。故A项符合题意。

10.考查固定搭配。insistupon“坚持”。句意：任何有自尊心的户主会坚持希望在西部小镇的房子安家。

11.考查名词辨析。sense“感觉，官能”；method“方法”；means“财产，方法”；duty“责任，职务”。这里指代这些有自尊心的户主希望能在西部小镇安家，并且最好他的财产能够负担这些费用。故C项正确。

12.考查名词辨析。superiority“优越，优势，优先性”；popularity“普及，流行，受欢迎”；adversity“逆境，不幸，灾难”。富人公寓很受欢迎似乎有许多理由。B项符合题意。

13.考查名词辨析。production“成品，成果”；destruction“毁灭”；consumption“消费，消耗”；introduction“介绍，引进，采用”。此处指由于火车的引进，许多人度假能够住在豪华酒店的套房里。

14.考查名词辨析。category“种类，分类”；ratio“比率，比例”；proportion“比例，占比”；range“范围，幅度”。awiderangeof“大范围的，许多不同的”。

15.考查连词。nevertheless“然而，不过”；notwithstanding“虽然，尽管”；hence“因此”；hitherto“迄今，至今”。句意：因此，不足为奇的是许多早期豪华公寓与酒店套房相似。联系上下文可知此处表示因果关系，前为因，此处表示结果。故C项正确。

16.考查固定搭配。besimilarto“与…相似的”。

17.考查形容词辨析。communal“公共的，公社的”；mutual“共同的，相互的”；concentrated“集中的，浓缩的，全神贯注的”；domestic“国内的”。由centralboilers中心锅炉可推知豪华公寓里的餐厅也是公共的，故A项正确。

18.考查形容词辨析。vulnerable“易受攻击的，脆弱的”；available“可获得的，可得到的”；accessible“可进入的，易接近的”；possible“可能的”。由thesecommunalamenties可推知这些公共设施可以帮助租客节省开支。故D项正确。

19.考查介词。由and前面的bythesecommunal…可知此空应填by。句意：这些公共设施以及房客通过减少家庭仆人的数量使得节省开支成为可能。

20.考查动词辨析。shorten“缩短，减少”；reduce“减少”；shrink“缩小，退缩”；increase“增加”。由savings可推知房客是减少雇佣仆人的数量。故B项项正确。

5.单选题

Smallfarmsandthelackofmoderntechnologyhave（

）agriculturalproduction.

问题1选项

A.blundered

B.tangled

C.bewildered

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。blundered“做错；说错话”；tangled“使纠缠；处于混乱状态”；bewildered“使迷惑，使不知所措”；hampered“阻碍，束缚”。句意：小农场和现代技术的缺乏阻碍了农业生产。联系前半句可知只有D项“阻碍”符合句意。答案D

6.单选题

LivinginsuchahighplaceasTibethasitsproblems,（

）obtainingoxygenisnottheleast.

问题1选项

A.ofwhich

B.forwhat

C.as

D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】句意:生活在如西藏这样高海拔的地方有其问题，其中不仅仅只是氧气

获得的问题。

语法题。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知后半句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为problems(问题),所以用of+which表示“属于”。

7.单选题

Onceapictureisprovedtobeaforgery,itbecomesquite______.

问题1选项

A.invaluable

B.priceless

C.unworthy

D.worthless

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。invaluable“无价的”；priceless“无价的”；unworthy“不值得的”；worthless“不值钱的”。句意：一旦一幅画被证明是伪造的，它就变得十分……。因此D选项符合题意。

8.翻译题

中国画是中国传统艺术的一个重要分支。使用长毫毛笔，墨汁及水彩在绢纸上创作的传统中国画可谓硕果累累，且对中国文化与艺术有着重要影响。

传统中国画可以按其主题分为人物，山水，花鸟画等，或依据创作技法区分为工画(Meticulous)和写意画(Thought-sketching)。

中国画将诗、书、画、印结合起来，构成一种程式化形式的艺术。凭借上述元素，中国画能够充分展现B师的艺术特色，并且增添了其美学价值。

【答案】ChinesepaintingisanimportantbranchofChinesetraditionalart.Withusinglonghairpens,inkandwatercolor,traditionalChinesepaintingscreatedonsilkpaperhavebeenfruitfulandhavehadanimportantimpactonChinesecultureandart.

TraditionalChinesepaintingcanbedividedinto,accordingtoitsthemelandscape,figurepainting,landscapepaintingandbirdandflowerpainting,etc.,ordividedintoMeticulouspaintingandThought-sketchingpaintinginaccordancewiththecreativetechnique.

Chinesepaintingcombinespoetry,calligraphy,paintingandprintingtoformastylizedformofart.Withaboveelements,Chinesepaintingcanfullyshowtheartist'sartisticcharacteristicsandadditsaestheticvalue.

9.单选题

Theexcursionwillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.

问题1选项

A.inquiry

B.investigation

C.input

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】名词词义解析。inquiry“查询”；investigation“调查”；input“输入”；insight“洞悉”。句意：这次旅行将会提供一个语言和文化的深入了解。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Veryfewscientists（）withacompletelynewanswertotheworld’sproblem.

问题1选项

A.comeon

B.comeup

C.comein

D.comeround

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。comeupwith提出，想出。故答案为B。comeon快点，开始；comearound苏醒，恢复知觉；comein流行。只有选项B可以和with搭配。句意：很少有科学家能对这个世界的问题给出一个全新的答案。

11.单选题

Recentyearshavebroughtminority-ownedbusinessesintheUnitedStatesunprecedentedopportunities—aswellasnewandsignificantrisks.CivilrightsactivistshavelongarguedthatoneoftheprincipalreasonswhyBlacks,Hispanics,andotherminoritygroupshavedifficultyestablishingthemselvesinbusinessisthattheylackaccesstothesizableordersandsubcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.NowCongress,inapparentagreement,hasrequiredbylawthatbusinessesawardedfederalcontractsofmorethan$500,000dotheirbesttofindminoritysubcontractorsandrecordtheireffortstodosoonformsfiledwiththegovernment.Indeed,somefederalandlocalagencieshavegonesofarastosetspecificpercentagegoalsforapportioningpartsofpublicworkscontractstominorityenterprises.

Corporateresponseappearstohavebeensubstantial.Accordingtofigurescollectedin1977,thetotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesrosefrom$77millionin1972to$1.1billionin1977.Theprojectedtotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesfortheearly1980’sisestimatedtobeover53billionperyearwithnoletupanticipatedinthenextdecade.Promisingasitisforminoritybusinesses,thisincreasedpatronageposesdangersforthem,too.First,minorityfirmsriskexpandingtoofastandoverextendingthemselvesfinancially,sincemostaresmallconcernsand,unlikelargebusinesses,theyoftenneedtomakesubstantialinvestmentsinnewplants,staff,equipment,andthelikeinordertoperformworksubcontractedtothem.If,thereafter,theirsubcontractsareforsomereasonreduced,suchfirmscanfacepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses.Theworldofcorporatepurchasingcanbefrustratingforsmallentrepreneurswhogetrequestsforelaborateformalestimatesandbids.Bothconsumevaluabletimeandresources,andasmallcompany’seffortsmustsoonresultinorders,orboththemoraleandthefinancialhealthofthebusinesswillsuffer.

AsecondriskisthatWhite-ownedcompaniesmayseektocashinontheincreasingapportionmentsthroughformationofjointventureswithminority-ownedconcerns.Ofcourse,inmanyinstancestherearelegitimatereasonsforjointventures;clearly,Whiteandminorityenterprisescanteamuptoacquirebusinessthatneithercouldacquirealone.ButcivilrightsgroupsandminoritybusinessownershavecomplainedtoCongressaboutminoritiesbeingsetupas“fronts”withWhitebacking,ratherthanbeingacceptedasfullpartnersinlegitimatejointventures.

Third,aminorityenterprisethatsecuresthebusinessofonelargecorporatecustomeroftenrunsthedangerofbecoming—andremaining—dependent.Eveninthebestofcircumstances,fiercecompetitionfromlarger,moreestablishedcompaniesmakesitdifficultforsmallconcernstobroadentheircustomerbases:whensuchfirmshavenearlyguaranteedordersfromasinglecorporatebenefactor,theymaytrulyhavetostruggleagainstcomplacencyarisingfromtheircurrentsuccess.

31.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

32.Accordingtothepassage,civilrightsactivistsmaintainthatonedisadvantageunderwhichminority-ownedbusinesseshavetraditionallyhadtolaboristhattheyhave______.

33.Thepassagesuggeststhatthefailureofalargebusinesstohaveitsbidsforsubcontractsresultquicklyinordersmightcauseitto______.

34.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,comparedwiththerequirementsoflaw,thepercentagegoalssetby“somefederalandlocalagencies”(inParagraph1)are______.

35.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostweakentheauthor’sassertionthat,inthe1970’s,corporateresponsetofederalrequirements(inParagraph2)wassubstantial?

问题1选项

A.presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies

B.describeasituationanditspotentialdrawbacks

C.proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem

D.exploretheimplicationsofafinding

问题2选项

A.beenespeciallyvulnerabletogovernmentalmismanagementoftheeconomy

B.beendeniedbankloansatratescomparabletothoseaffordedlargercompetitors

C.nothadsufficientopportunitytosecurebusinesscreatedbylargecorporations

D.nothadadequaterepresentationinthecentersofgovernmentpower

问题3选项

A.experiencefrustrationbutnotseriousfinancialharm

B.facepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses

C.havetorecorditseffortsonformsfiledwiththegovernment

D.increaseitsspendingwithminoritysubcontractors

问题4选项

A.morepopularwithlargecorporations

B.morespecific

C.lesscontroversial

D.easiertocomplywith

问题5选项

A.Between1970and1972,corporatecontractswithminority-ownedbusinessesdeclinedby25percent.

B.Thefigurescollectedin1977underrepresentedtheextentofcorporatecontractswithminority-ownedbusinesses.

C.Theestimateofcorporatespendingwithminority-ownedbusinessesin1980