考研考博-英语-南方科技大学考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南方科技大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

ThegovernmentandMicrosoftplantosellaroundtheworldBritain’snewsystemforonlinetransactionsbetweencitizensandgovernmentafteritssuccessfullaunchintheUK.Akeystepinthegovernment’s$1.4billione-governmentprogramhasbeenonlinepaymentfortheInlandRevenuespay-as-you-earnscheme,someCustomsandExcisevalueaddedtaxprocedure,andclaimsforEuropeanUnionsubsidiesforfarmersallgoliveinthepastmonth.AtapresentationinSeattletoday,BillGates,Microsoft’sco-founderandchairman,willdemonstratetheBritishsystemto400governmentofficialsfrom80countriestoshowhowcitizensandbusinessescaninteractwithgovernmentovertheInternet.

“AlthoughsomeUSstatesareusingleadingedgetechnology,Europeingeneral,andtheUKinparticular,iswellaheadinimplementinge-governmentinitiatives.Itshouldputthecitizenatthecenterofthegovernment,”saysDavideVigano,generalmanagerofpublicsectoratthesoftwaregroup,“Theprojectshavebeenimplementedinjust15weeksusingMicrosoft’snettechnology,”saidAndrewPinder,thegovernment’se-envoy.“Thisisakeypieceofinfrastructure,broughtinontimeandonbudget,”hesaid.

Thesecuretransactiontechnologyistoberolledoutthroughabout200centralgovernmentdepartmentsandagenciesand482localgovernmentinstitutionsoverthenextfiveyearsinthedrivetohaveallofthegovernmentonlineby2005.ThesuccessfulimplementationisacoupforMicrosoftwhichistryingtobuildupitsenterprisesoftwarebusinessandhastargetede-government.Ithasabout1,000staffdedicatedtogovernmentbusiness.

“ThisisamilestoneforMicrosoft,”saidBarryGoffe,groupmanager,netenterprisesolutionsattheRedwood,Washingtonstate-basedcompany.“Twoyearsago,whenthetechnologyforsuccessfulintegrationdidnotexist,wewouldhavewalkedaway.”ThehardwarewassuppliedbyDell,andtheserversaremanagedbyCableandWireless.ThetechnologyisbasedonXML,anewlanguageprotocolthatallowsinformationtobelabeledandtheneasilyexchangedbetweencomputersondifferentplatforms.“Peoplewanttohangontotheirlegacysystemswhichhavebeenmassiveinvestments,butintegratingthesehasprovendifficultandexpensiveinthepast.It’sastonishinghowthefrictionhasbeenwipedoutbyXML,whichreducespaperwork,reducescomplexityandslashescosts,”saidMr.Goffe.

1.Thee-governmentsoftwareispartofMicrosoffs______.

2.Twoyearsago,thee-governmentprogramwasstillimpossibleduetothelackof______.

问题1选项

A.enterprisesoftwarebusiness

B.mostprofit-makingproducts

C.securetransactiontechnology

D.mostsophisticatedtechnology

问题2选项

A.advancedhardware

B.efficientseversmanagement

C.thelanguageprotocolXML

D.researchfunding

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干，可以定位到文章第三段第二句ThesuccessfulimplementationisacoupforMicrosoftwhichistryingtobuildupitsenterprisesoftwarebusinessandhastargetede-government.Ithasabout1,000staffdedicatedtogovernmentbusiness.（这一成功实施对微软来说是一场政变，微软正试图建立自己的企业软件业务，并将目标对准了电子政府）。A选项“软件企业”，根据文章内容，微软把电子政府作为软件企业，A选项正确。B选项“最赚钱的产品”，文章没有提到这一点，因此可排除。C选项“安全交易技术”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“最精湛技术”，不符合题意，可排除。因此正确答案为A选项。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句ThetechnologyisbasedonXML,anewlanguageprotocolthatallowsinformationtobelabeledandtheneasilyexchangedbetweencomputersondifferentplatforms.（该技术基于XML，这是一种新的语言协议，允许对信息进行标记，然后在不同平台上的计算机之间轻松交换）。由此可推测，两年前电子政府不可能是因为缺乏语言协议XML。C选项“语言协议XML”符合题意，C选项正确。A选项“硬件强化”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“高效的塞维管理”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“研究经费”，文章所说，整合这些系统既困难又昂贵，XML降低了复杂性，并削减了成本，因此D选项可排除。因此正确答案为C选项。

2.单选题

Thechildrencheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（

）slowlyinto

thesky.

问题1选项

A.floating

B.raising

C.heaving

D.ascending

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。float“漂浮，浮动”；raise“提升，增加”；heave“举起”；ascend“攀登，上升”。句意：看到数百只彩色的气球缓缓升入天空，孩子们欢呼起来。选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

（）withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountainsdonotseemhighatall.

问题1选项

A.Whencompared

B.Comparethem

C.Ifyoucompare

D.Acomparison

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句的省略。在when引导的时间状语从句，当主句与从句的主语一致时，可以省略相同的主语和be动词。此题从句中的逻辑主语为thehighestmountains，thehighestmountains与compare之间是被动关系，用过去分词，因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

Shedidherwork（

）hermanagerhadinstructed.

问题1选项

A.until

B.when

C.as

D.though

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她照经理说的做自己的工作。

连词辨析。As按照，如同,引导方式状语,符合句意。until直到,引导时间状语从句;when当…时候,引导时间状语从句;though即使,引导让步状语从句。

5.单选题

ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyou（）,youwillsucceedintheend.

问题1选项

A.hangup

B.hangabout

C.hangon

D.hangonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。选项A：hangup“挂断电话，搁置”;选项B：hangabout“徘徊，闲荡”;选项C:hangon“坚持下去，不挂断，握住不放”;选项C：hangonto“依附，继续保留，紧紧抓住”。句意：学好英语并不容易，但如果你坚持下去，你最终会成功的。根据句意可知，选项C更符合题意，正确。

6.单选题

Itwasascenethatwouldstayforeverinhismind:thefatherholdinghissonabovethewater,himselfslowly（）inthelake,desperatelyawaitingrescue.

问题1选项

A.overstepped

B.overflowed

C.subjected

D.submerged

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项overstepped“逾越；超越”；B选项overflowed“溢出”；C选项subjected“使遭受；使从属”；D选项submerged“淹没；沉浸”。句意：这一幕将永远停留在他心中：父亲托举儿子露出水面，自己却慢慢……于湖水中，绝望地等待救援。由关键信息abovethewater“在水面上”可以知道父亲的身体正淹没在水中。因此D选项符合题意。

7.单选题

ThemosteffectivewayIknowtoimproveyourwritingistodofreewritingexercisesregularly.Atleastthreetimesaweek.Theyaresometimescalled“automaticwriting”，“babbling”,or“jabbering”exercises.Theideaissimplytowritefortenminutes(lateron,perhapsfifteenortwenty).Don’tstopforanything.Goquicklywithoutrushing.Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething,towonderwhatwordorthoughttouse,ortothinkaboutwhatyouaredoing.Ifyoucan’tthinkofawordorspelling,justuseasquiggleorelsewrite,“Ican’tthinkofit.”Justputdownsomething.Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind.Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant;orrepeatthelastwordyouwroteoverandoveragain;oranythingelse.Theonlyrequirementisthatyouneverstop.

Whathappenstoafreewritingexerciseisimportant.Itmustbeapieceofwritingwhich,evenifsomeonereadsit,doesn’tsendanyripplesbacktoyou.Itislikewritingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.Theteacherlessclasshelpsyourwritingbyprovidingmaximumfeedback.Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall.WhenIassignone,Iinvitethewritertoletmereadit.Butalsotellhimtokeepitifheprefers.IreaditquicklyandmakenocommentsatallandIdonotspeakwithhimaboutit.Themainthingisthatafreewritingmustneverbeevaluatedinanyway;infacttheremustbenodiscussionorcommentatall.

Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense.Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting.Butthat’sitsdownfalltoo.Almosteverybodyinterposesamassiveandcomplicatedseriesofeditingsbetweenthetimethewordsstarttobebornintoconsciousnessandwhentheyfinallycomeoftheendofthepencilortypewriterontothepage.Thisispartlybecauseschoolingmakesusobsessedwiththe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingisencouragedaboutfreewriting?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thephrase“getstuck”isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

4.Theauthorbelievesthatcomparedwithspeaking,writing（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTageneralpracticeinfreewriting,accordingtotheauthor?

问题1选项

A.Topointouttheonlyeffectivewayofimprovingwriting.

B.Torevealthecrazyfeatureof“automaticwriting”.

C.Tourgereaderstotrytodofreewritingexercisesregularly.

D.Todescribetheprocessoffreewriting

问题2选项

A.Thinkingaboutspellingandgrammaraswetrytowrite.

B.Teachersaresupposedtoprovidefeedbackormakecommentsaboutapieceofwriting.

C.Crossoutthoseideasthatseemtobeambiguous.

D.Neverworryaboutthe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.

问题3选项

A.Unabletodoanymoreofsomethingthatyouareworkingonbecauseitistoodifficult

B.Fixedinaparticularpositionandimpossibletomove

C.Unabletoescapefromaboringsituation

D.Startdoingsomethingeagerlyandwithalotofenergy.

问题4选项

A.hastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting

B.functionsmoreasaconsciousprocessofcorrecting“mistake”

C.isjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind

D.makesmoresensethansimplyputtingdownwords

问题5选项

A.Writingdownwhateverisinyourmind.

B.Payingnoattentiontospelling,dictionorgrammarwhilewriting.

C.Writingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.

D.Ignoringallpossiblemistakeswhilewriting.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:作者意图题。文章首先介绍了自由写作，包括其注意事项以及方式和特征，在最后一段的开头也强调:Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense(自由写作也许看起来非常疯狂，但是这里面的道理很简单)。最后对比了学校的写作教育和自由写作，因此B项“揭示自由写作”比较符合文章的目的。

第2题:细节事实题。A:写作时思考拼写和语法。B:老师应该对一篇文章做出反馈或评论。C:把那些看起来模棱两可的想法去掉。D:永远不要担心写作时会“犯错”。第一段指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下来去回顾已经写的内容，去划掉一部分，去思考单词该怎么拼写)，因此A项跟C项不是自由写作所鼓励的。由“Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall(自由写作通过不提供任何的反馈来达到帮助的目的)”可知B项也不是自由写作所鼓励的，故选D。

第3题:词义题。“getstuck”出现在第一段:Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant(如果你getstuck，你可以直接写我不知道该写什么”)。由此推断出文章中的getstuck指的是在写作过程中遇到困难，不知道该写什么内容以及不知道该怎么写，故答案选项为A。

第4题:细节事实题。Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting(思考一下说话和写作之间的区别。写作的优点是可以写下很多)，A项是对此句的同义转述，故选A。

第5题:细节事实题。第一段指出:Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind(最简单的就是把出现在脑海中的东西都写下来)，由此可知A是自由写作的训练方法之一。第一段还指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下来去回顾已经写的内容，去划掉一些部分，去思考单词该怎么拼写)，最后一段指出:Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords(许多人在写作的时候都会频繁地去思考拼写和语法的问题。我在写东西的时候通常会去思考词不达意、冗长、模糊不清等方面的问题)。由此可知B和D属于自由写作的训练方法，而C项误解了文章中的比喻修辞手法，因此答案选C。

8.单选题

ClassicsisasubjectthatexistsinthatgapbetweenusandtheworldoftheGreeksandRomans.ThequestionsraisedbyClassicsarethequestionsraisedbyourdistancefrom‘their’worldandatthesametimebyourclosenesstoit,andbyitsfamiliaritytousinourmuseums,inourliterature,languages,culture,andwaysofthinking.TheaimofClassicsisnotonlytodiscoveroruncovertheancientworld(thoughthatispartofit,astherediscoveryofBassae).Itsaimisalsotodefineanddebateourrelationshiptothatworld.Thisbookwillexplorethatrelationship,anditshistory,startingfromaspectaclethatisfamiliar,but,atthesametime,canbecomepuzzlingandstrange:dismemberedfragmentsofanancientGreektempleputonshowintheBritishMuseum.InLatintheword'museum'onceindicated;atempleoftheMuses’；inwhatrespectsisthemodemmuseumtherightplacetopreservetreasuresfromaclassicaltemple?Doesitonlylookthepart?

TheissuesraisedbyBassaeprovideamodelforunderstandingClassicsinitswidestsense.Ofcourse,Classicsisaboutmorethanthephysicalremains,thearchitecture,sculptureandpainting,ofancientGreeceandRome.Itisalsoaboutthepoetry,philosophy,scienceandhistorywrittenintheancientworldandstillreadanddebatedaspartofourculture.Butheretoo,essentiallysimilarissuesareatstake,questionsabouthowwearetoreadliteraturewhichhasahistoryofmorethan2,000years,writteninasocietyverydistantanddifferentfromourown.

ToreadPlato’swritingsonphilosophicaltopics,forexample,involvesfacingthatdifference,andtryingtounderstandasociety,theancientGreece,inwhichwritingcamenotinprintedbooksbutonpapyrusrolls,eachonecopiedbythehandofaslave;andinwhich‘philosophy’wasstillthoughtofasanactivitythatwentonintheopenairlifeofthecity,andwaspartofasocialworldofdrinkinganddinner.Evenwhenphilosophybecameasubjectforstudyinlectureandclassroom,initsownright,itremainedaverydifferentbusinessfromourownacademictradition-forallthatPlato’sschoolwastheoriginal‘Academy’namedafterasuburbofAthens.

Ontheotherhand,remoteornot,toreadPlatoisalsotoleadphilosophythatbelongstous,notjusttothem.Platoisstillthemostcommonlyreadphilosopherintheworld;andaswereadhimnow,weinevitablyreadhimaspartof‘our’philosophicaltradition,inthelightofallthosephilosopherswhohavecomesince,whothemselveshadreadPlato.

Everysurvivalfromtheclassicalworldis,ofcourse,unique.Atthesametime,asthisbookwillshow,thereareproblems,stories,questions,significancesthatallthosesurvivalsholdincommon;thereisaplacein‘our’culturalstorythatthey(andonlythey)share.That,andreflectiononthat,amountstoClassics.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutClassics?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofPlato?

3.Theword“them”inparagraph4refersto（）.

4.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof（）.

5.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis（）

问题1选项

A.Classicscanonlybeunderstoodfromthetreasureinthemodemmuseums.

B.Classicsmayjustbesnapshotsoftheancientworld.

C.Classicsarenotonlyforoneagebutalsoforalltime.

D.OnlythoseappearinginancientGreececanbecalledClassics.

问题2选项

A.Platolivedinatimewhenpaperwasmadefromthepapyrusplant.

B.Platolivedinatimewhenphilosophyispartofpeople’sdailylife.

C.Plato’swritingswerefoundintheTempleofBassae.

D.Plato’swritingsarereadbyallpeoplebothinancienttimesandatpresent.

问题3选项

A.theancientpeople

B.Plato’sstudents

C.theGreekslaves

D.philosophers

问题4选项

A.conclusion

B.afterword

C.preface

D.bookreview

问题5选项

A.UsandThem:Classics

B.PhilosophyandPlato

C.MuseumandClassics

D.Classics

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推断题。根据文章第一段，“ThequestionsraisedbyClassicsarethequestionsraisedbyourdistancefrom‘their’worldandatthesametimebyourclosenesstoit,andbyitsfamiliaritytousinourmuseums,inourliterature,languages,culture,andwaysofthinking.”，可知古典文学提出的问题来自于我们和遥远世界的距离，与此同时，也是近距离时代的问题，以及在我们熟悉的博物馆、文学、语言、文化和思维方式中提出的问题。可推断出古典文学适用于所有时代。选项C符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第三段，“…theancientGreece,inwhichwritingcamenotinprintedbooksbutonpapyrusrolls…”，可知在古希腊，文字不是写在纸上，而是印在纸草卷上。所以选项A符合文意，可排除。根据文章第三段，“inwhich‘philosophy’wasstillthoughtofasanactivitythatwentonintheopenairlifeofthecity,andwaspartofasocialworldofdrinkinganddinner.”，可知在柏拉图时代，哲学是人们生活的一部分，选项B符合文意，可排除。根据文章第四段，“remoteornot,toreadPlatoisalsotoleadphilosophythatbelongstous,notjusttothem.”，不管时代的遥远与否，柏拉图哲学不仅属于他们，也属于我们，选项D符合文意，可排除。根据文章第二段第一句，“TheissuesraisedbyBassaeprovideamodelforunderstandingClassicsinitswidestsense.”，可知Bassae提出的问题为从最广泛的意义上理解古典文学提供了一种模式。并未提到柏拉图的作品是在巴塞神庙中被发现。选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第四段，“Ontheotherhand,remoteornot,toreadPlatoisalsotoleadphilosophythatbelongstous,notjusttothem.”，可知另一方面，不管是现代还是远古，柏拉图也是属于我们的哲学，而不仅仅是属于他们的哲学。又根据第一段中提到“ClassicsisasubjectthatexistsinthatgapbetweenusandtheworldoftheGreeksandRomans.”，可知古典文学是存在于我们和希腊罗马世界之间的一门学科。可推断出这里的them指古人。选项A符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第一段“Thisbookwillexplorethatrelationship,anditshistory,startingfromaspectaclethatisfamiliar…”，以及文章最后一段“asthisbookwillshow,thereareproblems,stories,questions,significances…”，可知本篇文章是对一本书的内容进行了简单的介绍和阐述，所以应该是一本书的前言。选项C符合题意。

5.主旨题。纵观全文，第一段主要提到古典文学存在于我们和古人的世界差距之间。第二段主要介绍了古典文学的主要内容。第三段和第四段体现了现代和古希腊时期对哲学的不同观点。第五段提到古典文学不仅仅属于“他们”，也属于“我们”，适用于每个时代，有一些可以共享的文化故事。选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Thelossofhis______stemsfromgivingpromiseseasilyandneverfulfillingthem.

问题1选项

A.credibility

B.cradle

C.corruption

D.convention

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项credibility“可信性；确实性”；B选项cradle“摇篮；发源地；发祥地；支船架”；C选项corruption“贪污，腐败；堕落”；D选项convention“大会”。句意：他之所以失去……，是因为他轻易地做出承诺，却从不兑现。根据后文givingpromiseseasilyandneverfulfillingthem.（轻易地做出承诺，却从不兑现）可以推测他不是一位守信的人，结合句意A选项正确。

10.翻译题

环境与我们的生存息息相关。越来越严重的环境污染影响了我们的生活，我们理当应该更加重视环境保护问题。

近年来，由于车辆和工厂不断增加，空气和生活品质也不断恶化。此外，许多人缺乏公德心，乱丢垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，农民大量使用化学药物使食物中毒事件一再发生。长此下去，我们将呼吸不到新鲜的空气，喝不到纯净的水，吃不到营养的食物了。

正因为问题很严重，环境污染受到了各个国家政府的关注。就拿中国政府为例，2001年，全国环境污染治理投资为1106.6亿元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也会公开谈论政府对于环境污染的新举措。总的来说，环境污染加剧的情况得到了一些控制。

毕竟，我们只有一个地球可以居住，保护环境非常重要。我们主张严格控制环境以保护环境。同时，不仅仅是政府，每一个人，不管你住在哪里，都应该尽力保护环境。以免其恶化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingnumberofcarsandfactories,thequalityofairandlivingisworsening.Inaddition,lackingofsocialmorality,somepeoplelitterrubbishatwill,whichcontaminateslakesandrivers.What’sworse,farmer’soverusingchemicaldrugsleadtorepeatedincidentsoffoodpoisoning.Ifthesituationgoesonlikethis,wewon’thavefreshairtobreathe,purewatertodrink,ornourishingfoodtoeat.

Differentgovernmentsattachgreatimportanceonenvironmentalpollutionduetotheseverityofthesituation.TakeChinesegovernmentasanexample,in2011,theinvestmentforenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentcometo110.66billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3percentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.Andpeopletalkedopenlyaboutthegovernment’snewmeasuresagainstenvironmentalpollution.Inshort,thetendencytoworseningenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencontrolled.

Afterall,thereisonlyoneearth.Itisveryimportanttoprotectenvironment.Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotectenvironment.Meanwhile,everyone,besidesthegovernment,nomatterwhereyouare,shouldtryone’sbesttopreventtheenvironmentfromdeteriorating.

11.单选题

Tandjaalsodissolvedtheparliamentandawardedhimselfsomepowerstorulebydecree（）thecountry'sconstitution.

问题1选项

A.contrastwith

B.contraryto

C.contradictoryin

D.contemptof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。contraryto“与……相反”。句意：Tandja还解散了议会，并通过一些违反国家宪法的统治来授予自己一些统治权力。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Thisisaverybighotelanditcan（）morethan1,000people.

问题1选项

A.furnish

B.accommodate

C.transport

D.institute

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。furnish“提供，供应”；accommodate“容纳，使适应”；transport“运输”；institute“实行，建立”。句意：这是一个很大的酒店，能够容纳1000多人。只有B项符合句意。

13.单选题

Shewasso（

）inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintheroom.

问题1选项

A.immersed

B.obsessed

C.submerged

D.suffocated

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项通常用于beimmersedin（沉浸于，埋头于，陷入）；B选项通常用于beobsessedwith（痴迷于，着迷于）；C选项submerge“浸没，淹没”；D选项suffocate“（使）窒息而死，（把……）闷死”。句中的so...that表示“如此……以至于”，根据固定搭配和后面的shedidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintheroom（我走进房间时她没注意到我）可知她沉浸于工作中，以至于没注意到我进来，因此选A。句意：她如此沉浸于工作中，以至于我进屋时她都没有注意到我。

14.单选题

Women’scriticalroleinmanagingnaturalresourcesandprotectingtheenvironmenthasbeenoverlookedmoreoftenthanithasbeen（

）.

问题1选项

A.acknowledged

B.emphasized

C.memorized

D.associated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。acknowledge“承认”；emphasize“强调，重视”；memorize“记住，背熟”；associate“联想，使发生联系”。句意：妇女在管理自然资源和保护环境方面的关键作用经常更多地被忽视，而不是被承认。由overlookedmoreoftenthan可知空格处填“被承认”更符合逻辑。答案A

15.单选题

Educationisoneofthekeywordsofourtime.Aman,withoutaneducation,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadversecircumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-centuryopportunities.Convincedoftheimportanceofeducation,modernstates“invest”ininstitutionsoflearningtogetback“interest”intheformofalargegroupofenlightenedyoungmenandwomenwhoarepotentialleaders.Education,withitscyclesofinstructionsocarefullyworkedout,ispunctuatedbytextbooks—thosepurchasablewellsofwisdom—whatwouldcivilizationbelikewithoutitsbenefits?

Somuchiscertain:thatwewouldhavedoctorsandpreachers,lawyersanddefendants,marriagesandbirths;butourspiritualoutlookwouldbedifferent.Wewouldlaylessstresson“factsandfigures”andmoreonagoodmemory,onappliedpsychology,andonthecapacityofamantogetalongwithhisfellow-citizens.Ifoureducationalsystemwerefashionedafteritsbooklesspastwewouldhavethemostdemocraticformof“college”imaginable.Amongthepeoplewhomweliketocallsavagesallknowledgeinheritedbytraditionissharedbyall;itistaughttoeverymemberofthetribesothatinthisrespecteverybodyisequallyequippedforlife.

Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.Inprimitiveculturestheobligationtoseekandtoreceivethetraditionalinstructionisbindingtoall.Thereareno“illiterates”一ifthetermcanbeappliedtopeoplewithoutascript—whileourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.Thisshowshowlongitwasbeforewedeemeditnecessarytomakesurethatallourchildrencouldshareintheknowledgeaccumulatedbythe“happyfew”duringthepastcenturies.

Educationinthewildernessisnotamatterofmonetarymeans.Allareentitledtoanequalstart.Thereisnoneofthehurrywhich,inoursociety,oftenhampersthefulldevelopmentofagrowingpersonality.There,achildgrowsupundertheever-presentattentionofhisparents,thereforethejunglesandthegrasslandsknowofno“juveniledelinquency”.Nonecessityofmakingalivingawayfromhomeresultsinneglectofchildrenandnofatherisconfrontedwithhisinabilityto“buy”aneducationforhischild.

1.Theword“interest”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobe（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis（

）.

问题1选项

A.pleasure

B.returns

C.share

D.knowledge

问题2选项

A.againsttheeducationintheveryearlyhistorictimes

B.infavoroftheeducationalpracticeinprimitivecultures

C.quitehappytoseeanequalstartforeveryone

D.positiveaboutourpresenteducationalinstruction

问题3选项

A.theaimof“equalstart”hasalreadybeenreachedamongsavages

B.savagesinancienttimesaremorecivilizedthanmodernpeople

C.themoderneducationsystemismoredemocraticthanbefore

D.therearenoilliteratesincivilizednationsintoday’ssociety

问题4选项

A.Educationcan’tworkwithoutthebenefitsoftextbooks.

B.Wehavenotyetdecidedonoureducationalmodels.

C.Compulsoryschoolingisnotexistentinallnations.

D.Ourspiritualoutlookisbetternowthanbefore.

问题5选项

A.EducationandModernCivilization

B.TheSignificanceofModernEducation

C.EducationalInvestmentandtheProfitItBrings

D.Education:AComparisonbetweenPastandPresent

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据原文句意：由于深信教育的重要性，现代国家“投资”于学习机构，培养一大批开明的，有可能成为领导的青年男女，以此来获得“回报”。“invest”和“interest”相对应，所以选项B正确。

2.根据第三段第一句“Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.”这是“平等起步”的理想状态，只有我们最先进的现代教育形式才试图恢复这种理想状态。由此可以推断，作者似乎赞同原始文化中的平等教育传统，所以选项B符合原文。

3.根据第二段的最后两句，在我们喜欢称之为野蛮人的人群中，所有由传统继承的知识都为所有人所共享;它被教导给部落的每一个成员，因此在这方面，每个人都是平等地为生活做好准备。由此可知，野蛮人已经达到了“平等起步”的目标，所以选项A正确。

4.根据第三段“...ourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.”德国于1642年将义务教育列入法律条文，法国在1806年，英国是在1876年，但是在一些“文明”国家仍然不存在。由此可知，并非所有的国家都有义务教育，选项C符合原文。

5.结合全文内容可知，本文主要将过去的教育和现代的教育进行对比，指出现代教育的不足之处，选项D最能概括全文，所以正确。

16.单选题

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

问题1选项

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词辨析。gloomy“惨淡”miserable“悲惨的，痛苦的”；shadowy“模糊的”；obscure“晦涩的，不清楚的”。inspiteof表示转折，句子意思为：尽管经济前景不景气，但是制造业的产量略有上涨。选项A符题意。

17.单选题

In（

）timeshumanbeingsdidnottravelforpleasurebuttofindamorefavourableclimate.

问题1选项

A.prime

B.primitive

C.primary

D.preliminary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。prime意为“主要的，上乘的”；primitive意为“原始的，远古的”；primary意为“首要的，主要的”；preliminary意为“初步的，初级的”。

句意：在远古时代，人类旅行不是为了娱乐，而是为了找到更有利的气候。

18.单选题

Hecouldeasilyhavewonascholarshipifhewouldhavedevotedmoretimetohisschoolwork.

A

B

C

D

问题1选项

A.could

B.havewon

C.wouldhavedevoted

D.hisschoolwork

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的虚拟语气，对过去情况假设，主句：主语＋would/should/might/couldhave＋动词过去分词，从句：had＋动词过去分词。

试题答案：C;haddevoted

19.填空题

A:Areyougoingtotellyourbosstodaythatyou'requittingyour（1）?

B:Ican’tmakeupmymind（2）totellhimtodayornot.

A:I’dtellhimtodayifI（3）you.Whydelay?

B:ButwhatifI（4）mymind?

A:I（5）thatyou’dmadeafirmdecision.

B:Well,yesterdayIhadaconversationwithsomeonewho（6）

toworkforthecompanythatwantstohireme.（7）

tohim,there’sa

lotofdissatisfactionamongtheemployees.

A:Didhesaywhatthe（8）ofthedissatisfactionwas?

B:Hementionedanumberofthings.I’llstaywithmycurrentfirmifthealternativeisacompanywithmajormanagementproblems.They’reofferingmeahigher，butistheadditionalpayenoughtomakeupforabunchofnew（9）headaches?

A:Itsoundstomeasifyou'd（10）talktosome（11）currentorpastemployeesbeforeyouacceptthenewfirm’s

offer.

大意:

A.你会今天告诉老板，你要离职的事吗？

B.我不确定是否今天告诉他。

A.如果我是你，我会今天告诉他。为什么推迟呢？

B.但是，要是我改变主意了呢？

A.我觉得你己经决定了。

B.昨天，我和一个之前在想雇我的那个公司中工作过的人谈话。据他所说，员工间有很多不满。

A.他有说不满的原因是什么吗？

B.他说了很多事。如果这个公司主要是管理问题的话，我会呆在现在的公司。他们会给我提供更高的薪水，但是，这额外的工资足以弥补一连串新的麻烦吗？

A.这听起来，在接受新工作之前，好像，你最好和现在或者之前的雇员多谈谈。

【答案】1.job

2.whether

3.were

4.change

5.thought

6.used

7.According

8.cause

9.salary

10.better

11.more

【解析】1.词汇题。根据上下文推测此处填job。Quitone’sjob辞职。

2.固定搭配。Whetherornot