考研考博-英语-南京工业大学考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京工业大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Heishavingaphysicalcheckup.

B.Hehasjustundergoneanoperation.

C.Hehasjustrecoveredfromanillness.

D.Hewillbedischargedfromthehospitalthisafternoon.

问题2选项

A.Hegotaninfectioninthelungs.

B.Hehadhisgallbladderinflamed.

C.Hewassufferingfrominfluenza.

D.Hehaddevelopedabigkidneystone.

问题3选项

A.Abitbetter.

B.Terriblyawful.

C.Couldn'tbebetter.

D.Okay,butabitweak.

问题4选项

A.Tobeconfinedtoawheelchair.

B.Tostayindoorsforacompleterecovery.

C.Tostayinbedanddrinkalotofwater.

D.Tomoveaboutandenjoythesunshine.

问题5选项

A.From4p.m.to6p.m.

B.From5p.m.to7p.m.

C.From6p.m.to8p.m.

D.From7p.m.to9p.m.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】W:Hello.

M:Hello!

W:So,didyouhaveacomfortablenight?

M:No,notreally.

W:Sorrytohearthat.Andhowareyoufeelingatthemoment?

M:Abitbetter.

W:Youdon’tfeelsickatall?

M:No,I’mOK.

W:That’sgood!Areyouhavingsipsofwater?

M:No.

W:Wouldyoulikesome?

M:Well,Idon’treallyfeellike

W:Ah,youcan’tdrinkanythingatthemoment.

M:Thenurseshavebeengivingmemouthwashes.

W:Yes.Ithinkyoubegintopickupasthedaygoeson.Andwe’llcarryongivingyousomethingtoeasethediscomfort.Doesithurtmuch?

M:Well,itdoeswhenImoveabout.

W:Right.(19)Butthesoonerwehaveyouonthemove,thequickeryoustarttoheal.Sowe’llhelpyousitinthechairthisafternoon.Enjoythesunshine.

M:OK,Ican’tsayI’mreallylookingforwardtothat.

W:(17)YouhaveaprettybiggallstoneandtheGallbladderwasquiteinflamed.Therewasalotofinfectionarounditandinsideit.(16)Well,it’soutnow.Sononeedtoworryaboutit.Itwon’tcauseyouanymoretrouble.

M:Uh.

W:Anymorequestionsoranythingwecandoforyou?

M:No,IthinkI’mOK.(18)I’mfeelingabitofweakatthemoment.Whenwillmywifebeabletocomeandseeme?Thenursestoldmebefore,butIcan’tremember.

W:(20)Thevisitinghoursarefrom6to8intheevening.

M:OK,thankyou.She’llbeheretonightinthatcase.

W:Fine.I’llstopintoseeyoutomorrow.

M:Thankyou.

16.What’strueaboutthemanintheconversation?

【解析】女士说“Well,it’soutnow.Sononeedtoworryaboutit.Itwon’tcauseyouanymoretrouble”可知，男士得了胆结石，而且胆囊发炎，但现在取出来了，所以是刚经历过手术。故选B。

17.Whatwaswrongwiththeman?

【解析】女士说“Youhaveaprettybiggallstoneandthegallbladderwasquiteinflamed”，由此可知，他胆囊发炎了。故选B。

18.Howisthemanfeelingnow?

【解析】男士说“I’mfeelingabitofweakatthemoment”，由此可知，病人仍旧感到虚弱。

19.What’sthemansupposedtodoaccordingtothedoctor’sorders?

【解析】女士说“Butthesoonerwehaveyouonthemove,thequickeryoustarttoheal.Sowe’llhelpyousitinthechairthisafternoon.Enjoythesunshine”可知，男士会四处活动一下。故选D。

20.What’sthehospital’svisitinghours?

【解析】女士“Thevisitinghoursarefrom6to8intheevening”可知，探访时间是晚上6点到8点。故选C。

2.单选题

Theoldbeliefthattheuniverseneverchangesisquitewrong.Evenbeforetheinventionofthetelescope,astronomersnoticedthatbrightstarssuddenlyappearinthesky，andthenlaterdisappear.（1）Infactwenowknowthattheyarereallyoldstarswhichareslowlydying.Arecentcaseofanovaoccurredin1918，andoneofthefewpeoplewhosawthiswastheAmericanastronomerEdwardBarnard.Hewasdrivingalonginacar,occasionallylookingupintothesky.Suddenlyhenoticedastarthathehadneverseenbefore,andexclaimed,“Thatstarshouldnotbethere!”Hewasinfactwatchingtheexplosionofanova.

（2）Astheydoso,theyletouthugecloudsofmaterial.Sometimesaslargeastheearth,andtheseexplodeintospaceataspeedofabout8，000,000kilometersperhour.Whenthishappens,thehotterpartsofthestarbecomevisible,andthisiswhynovaearesobright.Althoughtheexplosionsarehugeonahumanscale,theyonlyconsumeasmallpartofthedyingstar’senergy.（3）Indeed,thereareevensomestarswhichexplodeonceafortnight.

Thereareotheroldstarswhichdonotdieslowly,butarecompletelydestroyedbyonegreatexplosion.（4）Theexplosionofasupernovaisequivalenttoaboutamillion,million,million,millionhydrogenbombsgoingoffatthesametime.Justbeforetheexplosionthestar’sdensitybecomeverygreatanditspinsataveryhighspeed.Amatchboxofmaterialtakenfromthestaratthattimewouldweighabout1,000tons,andthestarwouldbeturningatabout16,000,000kilometersperhour.（5）OnesupernovawhichChineseastronomersobservedin1054canstillbeseenbyustoday.Ithasbeenshiningforatleastninehundredyears.

问题1选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题2选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题3选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题4选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题5选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:E

【解析】（1）空格处后面一句话有两个关键点，一是infact,”实际上”的意思，表示与前文（空格处所填入的句子）是转折关系；另一个关键点是old的这个词，既然前后是转折关系，那么空格处会有一个与old相反的表述。综上，Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.符合题意。

（2）空格处位于句首，因此可以考虑是一个主题句，即后面的内容都是围绕这个句子展开。因此需要把握整段文字的主要内容：讲述了一颗新星慢慢衰落的过程，因此Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying符合题意。

（3）空格处前面讲述了恒星爆炸，空格处后一句讲述的是”甚至有些恒星会每两周爆炸一次”，言下之意是有些恒星的爆炸并不是只有一次，可能会延续很长时间，因此Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.符合题意。

（4）空格后的句子提到了一个关键词supernova，因此，空格处需要将这个概念引出来。再联系空格前一句中的otheroldstars可知Theyareknownas“supernovae.”符合题意。

（5）空格后的句子提到”中国天文学家在1054年观测到的一颗超新星至今仍可看见”，这个例子说明超新星爆炸后仍然可以长时间发光，因此Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.符合题意。

3.写作题

Directions:Writeacompositionofabout250wordstoexpressyourownopinionsonthefollowingtopic:

HowtoProtectIntellectualPropertyRightsinDoingAcademicResearch

Notes:Inthefirstpartofyourwriting,youshouldstateclearlythethesisstatement(i.e.yourmainargument),andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】略

4.单选题

（

）muchhasbeenknownaboutmammarycancer,theprecisewaytocureofitstillremainslargelyintherealmoftesting.

问题1选项

A.While

B.Since

C.Because

D.When

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。while在这里的意思为“尽管”；since“因为；由于，既然”，because“因为”；when“当……”。根据句子意思推断选项A最符合题意。句意为：尽管我们对于乳腺癌了解很多，但是关于治疗的最精准的方法仍处于测试阶段。

5.单选题

AlargenumberofpeoplefrommyhometownhadmovedtoQingdaoinsearchofwork,withtheresultthatIalreadyfeelquiteathomethere.

问题1选项

A.hadmovedto

B.insearchofwork

C.withtheresultthat

D.quiteathome

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】时态错误。hadmovedto改为havemovedto。“Ialreadyfeel我已经感觉”是一般现在时态，因此，前一个表示原因的分句应该用现在完成时态。

6.单选题

Apersonwhois_______typicallyhasanxiousthoughtsanddifficultyconcentrationorremembering.

问题1选项

A.stressed

B.exploited

C.prevented

D.conquered

【答案】A

【解析】stressed紧张的,有压力的;exploited利用,剥削;prevented阻止,避免;conquered战胜,征服。句意：压力大的人通常有焦虑的想法,难以集中注意力或记忆。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

Forpassengers,shipshavetheadvantageof（）cheaperthantrainsorairplanes.

问题1选项

A.havingbeen

B.tohavebeen

C.being

D.tobe

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词搭配。介词后大多接名词，接动词时需要用动词的现在分词形式。不可接不定式。故排除BD选项。A选项havingbeen“用来表示完成时态”，和本句的时态不符，故排除A。句意：对于乘客来说，轮船的优势是比火车和飞机便宜。这是一个事实陈述，故使用一般现在时，C选项being动名词可做介词of的宾语。故选C。

8.单选题

Manycountrieshavenowsucceededin（

）themalarialmosquito.

问题1选项

A.erasing

B.eradicating

C.abolishing

D.demolishing

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。erase意为“清除，消除，擦掉”，多指清除债务，记忆等；eradicate意为“摧毁，完全根除”，强调彻底清楚；abolish意为“废除，废止”，一般指废除有关习俗、制度、法律、制度等；demolish意为“摧毁，拆毁”，多指拆掉建筑物。

句意：许多国家现已成功根除疟疾蚊子。

9.单选题

Paintingsarestatic.Theuniquenessoftheexperienceoflookingatapaintingrepeatedly—overaperiodofdaysoryears—isthat,inthemidstofflux,theimageremainschangeless.Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchangingthesamemilkflowingfromthesamejug,thewavesontheseawithexactlythesameformationunbroken,thesmileandthefacewhichhavenotaltered.

Onemightbetemptedtosaythatpaintingspreserveamoment.Yetonreflectionthisisobviouslyuntrue.Forthemomentofapainting,unlikeamomentphotographed,neverexistedassuch.Andsoapaintingcannotbesaidtopreserveit.

Ifapainting"stops",time,itisnot,likeaphotograph,preservingamomentofthepastfromthesupersessionofsucceedingmoments.Iamthinkingoftheimagewithintheframe,thescenewhichisdepicted.Clearlyifoneconsidersanartist'slife-workorthehistoryofart,oneistreatingpaintingsasbeing,partly,recordsofthepast,evidenceofwhathasbeen.Yetthishistoricalview,whetherusedwithinaMarxistoridealisttradition,haspreventedmostartexpertsfromconsidering—orevennoticing―theproblemofhowtimeexists(ordoesnot)withinpainting.

InearlyRenaissanceart,inpaintingsfromnon-Europeancultures,incertainmodemworks,theimageimpliesapassageoftime.Lookingatit,thespectatorseesbefore,duringandafter.TheChinesesagetakesawalkfromonetreetoanother,thecarriagerunsoverthechild,thenudedescendsthestaircase.Andthisofcoursehasbeenanalyzedandcommentedupon.Yettheensuingimageisstillstaticwhilstreferringtothedynamicworldbeyonditsedges,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.Strangebecauseitisbothsoflagrantandsotakenforgranted.

Paintersthemselvespractiseapartialanswer,evenifitremainsunformulatedinwords.Whenisapaintingfinished?Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—likethesecondshoeofapair—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.ThelongorshortprocessofpaintingapictureistheprocessofconstructingthefuturemomentswhenitwillbelookedatInreality,despitethepainter'sideal,thesemomentscannotbeentirelydetermined.Theycanneverbeentirelyfilledbythepainting.Neverthelessthepaintingisentirelyaddressedtothesemoments.

Whetherthepainterisahackoramastermakesnodifferencetothe"address"ofthepainting.Thedifferenceisinwhatapaintingdelivers;inhowcloselythemomentofitsbeinglookedat,asforeseenbythepainter,correspondstotheinterestsoftheactualmomentsofitsbeinglookedatlaterbyotherpeople,whenthecircumstancessurroundingitsproduction(patronage,fashion,ideology)havechanged.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

2.Whatdoesthepronoun“it”inthelastlineofthe4thparagraphreferto?

3.Whenisapaintingfinishedaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat().

5.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe().

问题1选项

A.Aspecificmomentispreservedthetimeapaintingiscreated.

B.Thecontentofapaintingremainsstaticthoughitsimplicationmaykeepchanging.

C.Apaintingstopstimeinthatitdepictsamomentofthepastandfixesitwithintheframe.

D.AMarxistviewtendstoseeapaintingaschangingallthetime.

问题2选项

A.Theensuingimage.

B.Theproblem.

C.Themeaningofthecontrast

D.Thecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.

问题3选项

A.Whenitrealisticallydepictssomethingintherealworld.

B.Whentheartistforeseeshowhispaintingwillbereceivedbythepublic.

C.Whenthemomentofitsbeinglookedatcorrespondstotheartist’sexpectationofhowit'sgoingtobelookedat.

D.Whentheartistcandeterminethemomentwhenitwillbelookedat.

问题4选项

A.imagesinsomeRenaissancepaintingsmayhotnecessarilybestatic

B.paintingsbyahackorbyamasterarethesameinthattheyaddressthesamepeople

C.whetherapaintingisstaticordynamicisdeterminednotbythepainterbutbythosewholookatit

D.unlikeapainting,aphotographcanpreserveamoment

问题5选项

A.PaintingandTime

B.PaintersandTheirWorks

C.TheStaticandtheDynamic

D.TheHistoryofPaintingasaFormofArt

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的第三句“Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchanging.”选项B一幅画的内容保持不变,尽管它的含义可能不断变化,正确。

2.根据上一句“...,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.”这就产生了一个问题：静态和动态之间的这种奇怪对比究竟是什么意思。所以正确答案为D。

3.根据第五段的第三句“Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—...—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.”选项C符合原文。

4.根据原文可推断出选项C正确,一幅画是静态的还是动态的不是由画家决定的,而是由观看者决定的。

5.根据原文内容可知选项D更符合原文。选项A,B,C都只是其中的一部分。

10.单选题

Mostofthetreesinthetemperatezonebecome（）inwinter.

问题1选项

A.barren

B.luxuriant

C.rotten

D.bald

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。barren“贫瘠的，不生育的”；luxuriant“繁茂的，浓密的”；rotten“腐烂的，堕落的，虚弱的”；bald“光秃的，秃顶的”。句意：热带地区的大多数树在冬天会变得光秃。D项正确。

11.单选题

Mylittlesisterisnotallowedtoplaywiththechildrennextdoorbecauseoneofthemissufferingfromaninfectiousdisease.

问题1选项

A.atransferring

B.atouching

C.acontaminating

D.acontagious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项atransferring“转移”；B选项atouching“感人的”；C选项acontaminating“污染”；D选项acontagious“传染的”。句意：我的小妹妹不被允许和隔壁的孩子们一起玩，因为他们中的一个患了传染病。划线部分aninfectious是传染的意思。因此D选项正确。

12.单选题

Wemustallowplentyoftimetogettotheairport——wecan’t（）ontheroadbeingclear.

问题1选项

A.draw

B.capitalize

C.gamble

D.decide

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。draw“画，拉”；capitalize“估计…的价值”；gamble“打赌，冒险”，gambleon对…打赌；decide“决定”。句意：我们必须保证足够的时间到达机场——我们不能打赌路上畅通无阻。C项正确。

13.单选题

JackwasabouttoannounceourplanbutI（

）.

问题1选项

A.cuthimshort

B.gavehimup

C.turnedhimout

D.puthimthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项cutsb.short“打断某人”；B选项givesb.up“放弃某人”；C选项turnsb.out意为“驱逐某人”；D选项putsb.through“替某人接通”。由句中的but可知前后表示转折关系，结合句意可知选A。句意：杰克正要宣布我们的计划，但我打断了他。

14.单选题

Itisnot（

）muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.

问题1选项

A.that

B.as

C.so

D.very

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这本书的语言不如背景让其难以理解。

固定搭配。notsoas“不如”。由句中关键词“not”与“as”的对应知这里表示一种否定的同级比较，故C项“so”正确。

15.单选题

Marywantedtoturnnaturalhistoryintoasciencethatwould（

）physicsandchemistry.

问题1选项

A.bethesameas

B.rankwith

C.beatissue

D.takeon

【答案】B

【解析】句意:玛丽想要将自然历史变成与物理和化学并列的一门学科。

考查短语辨析。bethesameas与…相同;rankwith与…并列;beatissue争论不休;takeon承担，呈现，接纳，雇用。故B符合句意。

16.单选题

Heroinaddictiontodayisfoundchieflyamongyoungmenofminoritygroupsinghetto(贫民区)areas.Ofthemorethan60,000knownaddicts,morethanhalfliveinNewYorkState.MostofthemliveinNewYorkCity.Recentfiguresshowthatmorethanhalfoftheaddictsareunder30yearsofage.

Narcotic(麻醉的)addictionintheUnitedStatesisnotlimitedtoheroinusers.Somemiddle-agedandolderpeoplewhotakenarcoticdrugsregularlytorelievepaincanalsobecomeaddicted.Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugseasily,suchasdoctors,nurses,andpharmacists.Studiesshowthatthistypeofaddicthaspersonalityandemotionalproblemsverysimilartothoseofotherregularnarcoticusers.

Manyaddictsadmitthatgettingacontinuedsupplyisthemainobjectoftheirlives.Anaddict’sconcentrationongettingdrugsoftenpreventscontinuinganeducationorworkingatajob.Hishealthisoftenpoor.Hemaybesickonedayfromtheeffectsofwithdrawalandsickthenextfromanoverdose.Statisticsshowthatanaddict’slifespanmaybeshortenedby15to20years.Theaddictisusuallyintroublewithhisfamilyandalmostalwaysintroublewiththelaw.

Somestudiessuggestthatmanyoftheknownnarcoticaddictshadsometroublewiththelawbeforetheybecameaddicted.Onceaddicted,theymaybecomeevenmoreinvolvedwithcrimebecauseitcostssomuchtosupporttheheroinhabit.

Mostauthoritiesagreethattheaddict’sinvolvementwithcrimeisnotadirecteffectofthedrugitself.Turningtocrimeisusuallytheonlywaytogetthatmuchmoney.Theaddicts’crimesarenearlyalwaystheftsorothercrimesagainstproperty.

FederalpenaltiesforillegalnarcoticsusagewereestablishedundertheHarrisonActof1914.TheActprovidesthatillegalpossessionofnarcoticsispunishablebyfinesand/orimprisonment.Sentencescanrangefrom2to10yearsforthefirstoffence,5to20yearsforthesecond,and10to20yearsforfurtheroffenses.

Illegalsaleofnarcoticscanmeanafineof$20,000andasentencefrom20to40yearsforlateroffenses.Apersonwhosellsnarcoticstosomeoneunder18isrefusedparoleandprobation,evenforthefirstoffense.Ifthedrugisheroin,hecanbesentencedtolifeimprisonmentortodeath.

42.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?

43.Accordingtotheauthor,howcantheaddictsgetmoneyfordrugs?

44.Accordingtotheauthor,whocangetnarcoticeasily?

45.Apersonwhosellsherointoakidcanbe（）.

问题1选项

A.Howtocureadrugaddict.

B.Heroinandnarcotic.

C.Theharmofdrugsandtheantidrugmeasurestakenbythegovernment.

D.TheAmericanlaws.

问题2选项

A.Borrowfromtheirfamilies.

B.Byhardworking.

C.Inanillegalway.

D.Theauthordoesn’tmentionit.

问题3选项

A.Government

B.Medicalworkers

C.Theminorities

D.TheJews

问题4选项

A.fined$20,000

B.sentencedto5to20yearsinprison

C.sentencedtodeath

D.sentencedto20to40yearsinprison

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】42.主旨大意题。本文主要阐述了毒品的危害和政府应对毒品问题采取的措施。因此C选项“毒品的危害和政府采取的禁毒措施”正确，符合题意。A选项“如何治愈瘾君子”在文中并未谈及，可排除，B选项“海洛因和麻醉剂”只是小部分内容，不能作为文章的主旨，D选项“美国法”只说了对非法使用麻醉品的联邦惩罚，不能作为文章主旨。故选C。

43.客观细节题。定位在文章的第五段Turningtocrimeisusuallytheonlywaytogetthatmuchmoney.Theaddicts’crimesarenearlyalwaystheftsorothercrimesagainstproperty（犯罪往往是唯一获得那么多钱的途径。瘾君子犯罪总是偷窃或者其他应对贫穷的犯罪。）由此可知瘾君子购买毒品的钱多是通过非法途径获得的，因此C选项“以非法的方式”正确，符合题意。A选项“向家人借钱”，B选项“通过努力工作”，D选项“作者并未提及”均与题意不符，故选C。

44.客观细节题。定位在第二段Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugseasily,suchasdoctors,nurses,andpharmacists.（一些能够轻易获得麻醉药物的人，如医生、护士和药剂师，也容易因此而上瘾。）由此可知医务人员可以轻易的获得麻醉药物，因此B选项“医务人员”正确，符合题意。A选项“政府”，C选项“少数民族”，D选项“犹太人”均与题意不符，故选B。

45.推理判断题。定位到文章的最后一段Apersonwhosellsnarcoticstosomeoneunder18isrefusedparoleandprobation,evenforthefirstoffense.Ifthedrugisheroin,hecanbesentencedtolifeimprisonmentortodeath.（向18岁以下的人出售毒品会被拒绝假释和缓刑，即使是初犯。如果毒品是海洛因，他可能被判无期徒刑或死刑。）由此可以推论只要是贩卖海洛因不论对象是谁，最终判罪都只能是无期徒刑或者是死刑。因此C选项“判处死刑”正确，符合题意。A选项“罚款20000美元”，B选项“被判5到20年监禁”，D选项“被判20到40年监禁”均与题意不符，故选C。

17.单选题

AsthedoorofChinaisopen,Westernideasand（）comein.

问题1选项

A.moral

B.morale

C.morals

D.value

【答案】C

【解析】考查了名词辨析。A选项moral“道德；寓意”，B选项morale“士气；斗志”，C选项morals“品行；道德；道德观念”，D选项value“值；价值；价格”，根据句子的意思应该是说各种各样的价值观念涌入中国，只有C可以表示“各种思想和价值观”，因此C选项符合题意。句意为：随着中国的大门打开，西方的思想和道德观进来了。

18.单选题

Inhisfifties,Dr.Brownbecamedirectorofthechemicalcompany,apositionhe（）fortherestofhislife.

问题1选项

A.attained

B.cherished

C.expanded

D.retained

【答案】D

【解析】attain达到,实现；cherish珍爱；expand扩大；retain保持。句意：50岁时,Brown博士成为这家化学公司的董事,他在这个职位上呆了一辈子。只有选项D符合语境。

19.单选题

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactpreviouslyseenontelevision.

问题1选项

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.stimulating

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项modify“修改，修饰；更改”；B选项duplicate“复制；模仿”；C选项accelerate“加速；促进；增加”；D选项stimulate“刺激；鼓舞，激励”。句意：最近，许多有关少年儿童模仿先前在电视上所看到的暴力行为的案件被报道。根据句意，判断出B选项正确。

20.单选题

HeimpliedthatthePresidenthadliedand（）obstructedjustice.

问题1选项

A.nonetheless

B.however

C.thereby

D.likewise

【答案】C

【解析】连词辨析，考查语句之间联系的把握。nonetheless“尽管如此”;however“然而”;thereby“因此”;likewise“同样地”。句意：他暗示道：总统说谎了，并且因此使事情变得不公正。选项C符合题意。

21.单选题

InAmerican’sfiercelyadversariallegalsystem,agoodlawyerisessential.AskO.J.Simpson.Inalandmarkcase35yearsago,GideonV.Wainwright,aunanimousSupremeCourtruledthatindigentdefendantsmustbeprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpensebecausetherecouldbenofairtrialinaseriouscriminalcasewithoutone.Atthetime,thedecisionwashailedasatriumphforjustice,anexampleofAmerica’scommitmenttotheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.

ThisistheimagemostAmericansstillhaveoftheircriminal-justicesystem—thefairestintheworld,inwhichanydefendant,nomatterhow,getsasmartlawyerwho,toooften,managestogettheculpritoffonatechnicality.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.About80%ofpeopleaccusedofafelonyhavetodependonapublicly-providedlawyer;butoverthepasttwodecadestheeagernessofpoliticianstolookharshoncrime,theirreluctancetopayforpublicdefenders,andaseriesofSupremeCourtjudgmentsrestrictingthegroundsforappealhavemadeamockeryofGideon.Todaymanyindigentdefendants,includingthosefacinglongtermsofimprisonmentorevendeath,aretreatedtoa“meet’emandplead’em”defense—abriefconsultationinwhichaharriedorincompetentlawyerencouragesthemtopleadguiltyor,ifthatfails,strugglethroughashorttrialinwhichthedefenseismassivelyoutgunnedbyamoreexperienced,better-paidandbetter-preparedprosecutor.

“Wehaveawealth-basedsystemofjustice,”saysStephenBright,thedirectoroftheSouthernCenterforHumanRight.“Forthewealthy,it’sgold-plated.Fortheaveragepoorperson,it’slikebeingherdedtotheslaughter-house.Inmanyplacestheadversarialsystembarelyexistsforthepoor.”

Manylawyers,ofcourse,havemadeheroiceffortsforparticulardefendantsforlittleornopay,butthecharityoflawyerscanbereliedontohandleonlyatinyfractionofcases.Asspendingonpolice,prosecutorsandprisonshassteadilyclimbedinthepastdecade,increasingthenumberofpeoplechargedandimprisoned,spendingonindigentdefensehasnotkeptpace,overwhelminganalreadyhard-pressedsystem.

1.Theword“indigent”(Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans____.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatO.J.Simpsonwasprobably____.

3.Whatisthatauthor’sviewofAmerica’sadversariallegalsystem?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whatistheauthor’sspecificpurposeinwritingthispassage?

问题1选项

A.wealthy

B.criminal

C.poverty-stricken

D.innocent

问题2选项

A.apersonwhowasfoundnotguiltybecausehehiredaverygoodlawyer

B.apersonwhowonhiscasebecausehewasprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpense

C.apersonwhowasdeniedalawyerandthuslosthiscaseinthecourt

D.abrilliantlawyerwhowonnumerouscasesfortheaveragepoorpeople

问题3选项

A.Itistheembodimentoftheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.

B.Itisthefairestcriminal-justicesystemintheworld.

C.Asitis,itbenefitstherichbutworksagainstthepoor.

D.Itisunfairbynatureandshouldbeoverhauled.

问题4选项

A.Lawyerswhoprovidedefenseforthepooroftenworkheroicallyforlittleornopayatall.

B.Ascrimerateincreases,Americanpoliticianshavebecomemoretoleranttowardscrimethanbefore.

C.InAmerica,ifapersonrefusestoacceptthejudgmentofalowercourt,hecanalwaysappealtotheSupremeCourt.

D.Government-providedlawyerstendtogothroughtheformalitiesofdefenseandprovetobenomatchfortheprosecutors.

问题5选项

A.Toappealformorepublicspendingoncourtdefenseforthepoor.

B.TocriticizeAmerica’sfiercelyadversariallegalsystem.

C.TodrawattentiontotheinjusticeoftheAmericanlegalsystem.

D.Tomakeasuggestiononhowtomendthecriminal-justicesystem.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:【选项释义】

Theword“indigent”(Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans____.“indigent”（第一段）这个词最有可能的意思是____。

A.wealthyA.富有的

B.criminalB.有罪的

C.poverty-strickenC.非常贫困的

D.innocentD.无辜的

【答案】C

【考查点】词汇推测题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词indigent和Paragraph1定位到原文第一段第三句，该句提到“最高法院一致裁定，____的被告必须由国家出资聘请律师（beprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpense），因为在严重的刑事案件中，没有律师就不可能有公平的审判。”通过这类被告需要“由国家出资聘请律师”可知，他们自己是请不起律师的，因此，C选项“非常贫困的”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】A选项“富有的”、B选项“有罪的”、D选项“无辜的”，均不能从原文找到依据。

第2题:【选项释义】

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatO.J.Simpsonwasprobably____.从文章中可以推断，O.J.Simpson可能是____。

A.apersonwhowasfoundnotguiltybecausehehiredaverygoodlawyerA.一个因为雇了一个很好的律师而被判无罪的人

B.apersonwhowonhiscasebecausehewasprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpenseB.一个因为国家出钱请了律师而胜诉的人

C.apersonwhowasdeniedalawyerandthuslosthiscaseinthecourtC.被拒绝请律师而在法庭上败诉的人

D.abrilliantlawyerwhowonnumerouscasesfortheaveragepoorpeopleD.他是一位杰出的律师，为普通穷人打赢了许多官司

【答案】A

【考查点】推理判断题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词O.J.S