考研考博-英语-安徽涉外经济职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽涉外经济职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Iwouldrather___troubleandhardshiplikethatthan___byothers.

问题1选项

A.hadtakecareof

B.have...takencareof

C.had...takencareof

D.have...betakencareof

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。根据固定搭配wouldratherdosth.thandosth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”可知空格处要填入原型，排除A，B，C选项。句意：我宁愿有困难，也不愿被别人照顾。因此D选项正确。

2.填空题

Apersonwhois（）（conscious）isnotawareofwhatisgoingonaroundhimorher.

【答案】unconscious

【解析】由“notawareof”可知应将conscious变成unconscious.

3.不定项选择题

Desertificationisthedegradationofonce-productivelandintounproductiveorpoorlyproductiveland.Sincethefirstgreaturban-agriculturalcentersinMesopotamianearly6,000yearsago,humanactivityhashadadestructiveimpactonsoilquality,leadingtogradualdesertificationinvirtuallyeveryareaoftheworld.

Itisacommonmisconceptionthatdesertificationiscausedbydroughts.Althoughdroughtdoesmakelandmorevulnerable,well-managedlandcansurvivedroughtsandrecover,eveninaridregions.Anothermistakenbeliefisthattheprocessoccursonlyalongtheedgesofdeserts.Infact,itmaytakeplaceinanyaridorsemiaridregion,especiallywherepoorlandmanagementispracticed.Mostvulnerable,however,arethetransitionalzonesbetweendesertsandarableland;whereverhumanactivityleadstolandabuseinfragilemarginalareas,soildestructionisinevitable.

[A]Agricultureandovergrazingarethetwomajorsourcesofdesertification.[B]Large-scalefarmingrequiresextensiveirrigation,whichultimatelydestroyslandbydepletingitsnutrientsandleachingmineralsintothetopsoil.[C]Grazingisespeciallydestructivetolandbecause,inadditiontodepletingcovervegetation,herdsofgrazingmammalsalsotramplethefineorganicparticlesofthetopsoil,leadingtosoilcompactionanderosion.[D]Ittakesabout500yearsfortheearthtobuildup3centimetersoftopsoil.However,cattleranchingandagriculturecandepleteasmuchas2to3centimetersoftopsoilevery25years—60to80timesfasterthanitcanbereplacedbynature.

Salinationisatypeoflanddegradationthatinvolvesanincreaseinthesaltcontentofthesoil.Thisusuallyoccursasaresultofimproperirrigationpractices.ThegreatMesopotamianempires—Sumer,AkkadandBabylon—werebuiltonthesurplusoftheenormouslyproductivesoiloftheancientTigris-Euphratesalluvialplain.Afternearlyathousandyearsofintensivecultivation,landqualitywasinevidentdecline.Inresponse,around2800BCtheSumeriansbegandiggingthehugeTigris-Euphratescanalsystemtoirrigatetheexhaustedsoil.Atemporarygainincropyieldwasachievedinthisway,butover-irrigationwastohaveseriousandunforeseenconsequences.Fromasearlyas2400BCwefindSumeriandocumentsreferringtosalinizationasasoilproblemisbelievedthatthefalloftheAkkadianEmpirearound2150BCmayhavebeenduetoacatastrophicfailureinlandproductivity;thesoilwasliterallyturnedintosalt.Eventoday,fourthousandyearslater,vasttractsofsalinizedlandbetweentheTigrisandEuphratesriversstillresemblerock-hardfieldsofsnow.

Soilerosionisanotherformofdesertification.Itisaself-reinforcingprocess;oncethecycleofdegradationbegins,conditionsaresetforcontinualdeterioration.Asthevegetativecoverbeginstodisappear,soilbecomesmorevulnerabletoraindropimpact.Waterrunsoffinsteadofsoakingintoprovidemoistureforplants.Thisfurtherdiminishesplantcoverbyleachingawaynutrientsfromthesoil.Assoilqualitydeclinesandrunoffisincreased,floodsbecomemorefrequentandmoresevere.Floodingwashesawaytopsoil,thethin,rich,uppermostlayeroftheearth’ssoil,andleavesfinerunderlyingparticlesmorevulnerabletowinderosion.Topsoilcontainstheearth'sgreatestconcentrationoforganicmatterandmicroorganisms,andiswheremostoftheearth'sland-basedbiologicalactivityoccurs.Withoutthisfragilecoatofnutrient-ladenmaterial,plantlifecannotexist.AnextremecaseofitserosionisfoundintheSahel,atransitionalzonebetweentheSaharaDesertandthetropicalAfricanrainforests;hometosome56millionpeople.Overpopulationandovergrazinghaveopenedthehyper-aridlandtowinderosion,whichisstrippingawaytheprotectivemarginoftheSahel,andcausingthedeserttogrowatanalarmingrate.Between1950and1975,theSaharaDesertspread100kilometerssouthwardthroughtheSahel.

One-thirdoftheearth’slandareaof150millionsquarekilometersisalreadyclassifiedassemiarid,aridorhyper-arid.Itisestimatedthatisincreasingby215,000squarekilometersoflandrenderedunproductivebydesertificationeveryyear.InAmerica,salinizationaffectsover160,000squarekilometersoflandinwesternandmid-westernstates,andisworseningannually.Africaloses300to400milliontonsoftopsoilayearwiththespreadingofthedesert.Asabillionpeopleareaddedtotheworld’spopulationeverydecade,thereislessandlessarablelandtoprovidefoodforthem.Atthepresentrateofsoildeterioration,ecologistwarn,anotherquarteroftheearth’sproductivesoilwilldisappearwithinthenextcentury.

14.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutdesertification?

15.Theworddegradationinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

16.Accordingtothepassage,manypeople’sunderstandingofdesertificationisincorrectbecause（）.

17.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.

18.Accordingtothepassage,agriculturefurthersdesertificationthroughwhichofthefollowingactivities?

19.Paragraph4ofthepassageservesmainlytodowhichofthefollowing?

20.Thewordleachinginthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

21.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph6ofthepassagethat（）.

22.LookatthefoursquaresmarkedA,B,C,andDthatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.

Eachfurtherstheprocessdramatically,buttheyactinquitedifferentways.

Wherewouldthesentencebestfit(A,B,CorD)?

问题1选项

A.Itisafairlyrecentproblem.

B.Ancientsocietiesmanagedtheproblemwell.

C.Ithasahistoryaslongasthatofcivilization.

D.Itwasjustasseriousinthepastasitistoday.

问题2选项

A.rejuvenation

B.deterioration

C.consumption

D.contribution

问题3选项

A.theydonotthinkofitasaseriousproblem

B.theydonotseeitasbeingcausedbyhumanactivity

C.theythinkofitasaveryslowprocess

D.theyseeitasbeingreversible

问题4选项

A.Itistheareasthatexistbetweenthedesertsandthelandthatisusableforagriculturethataremostatriskbecausetheyaresusceptibletopoorlandmanagementmethodsfromhumanactivitywhichwillalwaysresultinthelossofsoil.

B.Mostofthevulnerableareasareintransitionfromdeserttoarableland;aprocessthatbecauseofhumanactivityandthedelicatenatureoftheseareas,alwaysleadstosoilloss.

C.Soillossinthetransitionalzonesisespeciallyseverewherehumanactivityisdamagingtheenvironmentthroughagriculturewhichiscausingthelossofsoil.

D.Humanactivityinthetransitionareasisvulnerablebecauseofthefragilenatureoftheseareasthatareneitherdesertnotarablelandbecausetheyhavesuffereddamagetothesoil.

问题5选项

A.Overfertilization.

B.Thestrippingawayofnativevegetation.

C.Irrigation.

D.Therepetitiveplantingofthesamecrops.

问题6选项

A.Proposeamethodfordealingwiththedesertificationproblem.

B.Showtheprogressofdesertificationdownthroughhistory.

C.Describethemaincauseofdesertificationinoneparticulararea.

D.Describeoneprocessthatleadstodesertification.

问题7选项

A.washing

B.depositing

C.concentrating

D.dispersing

问题8选项

A.newtechnologywillsolvetheproblemofdesertification

B.findingawaytostopdesertificationwillbecomeincreasinglyurgent

C.desertificationismoreofaproblemindevelopedcountries

D.desertificationiscausingstarvationinAfrica.

问题9选项

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:B

【解析】14.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Sincethefirstgreaturban-agriculturalcentersinMesopotamianearly6,000yearsago,humanactivityhashadadestructiveimpactonsoilquality,leadingtogradualdesertificationinvirtuallyeveryareaoftheworld.（自从近6000年前美索不达米亚出现了第一个伟大的城市——农业中心以来，人类活动对土壤质量产生了破坏性的影响，导致世界上几乎所有地区逐渐沙漠化。），说明沙漠化现象早在数千年前就已经存在。因此C选项“它的历史与文明的历史一样长”正确。A选项“它是一个相当新的问题”，由原文可知，沙漠化是一个很古老的问题，所以A错误。B选项“古代社会对这个问题处理得很好”，原文没有提到古代社会对沙漠化的处理情况，所以B错误。D选项“它在过去和今天一样严重”，原文没有将当时问题的严重性和今天的状况相比较，所以D错误。

15.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干关键词“degradation”可以定位到文章第四段第一句Salinationisatypeoflanddegradationthatinvolvesanincreaseinthesaltcontentofthesoil.（盐碱化是土地退化的一种类型，涉及到土壤盐分含量的增加。），说明“degradation”在文中指的是“退化，下降”的意思。因此B选项“恶化”正确。A选项“恢复活力”，C选项“消耗”，D选项“贡献”均不符合题意，所以A，C，D错误。

16.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Itisacommonmisconceptionthatdesertificationiscausedbydroughts.（认为沙漠化是干旱造成的是一种普遍的误解。），说明沙漠化现象是因为干旱造成的是一种错误观念，其实是和人类的活动有关的。因此B选项“他们不认为它是由人类活动引起的”正确。A选项“他们不认为它是一个严重的问题”。C选项“他们认为它是一个非常缓慢的过程”，D选项“他们认为它是可逆的”在文中均没有提及，所以A，C，D错误。

17.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Mostvulnerable,however,arethetransitionalzonesbetweendesertsandarableland;whereverhumanactivityleadstolandabuseinfragilemarginalareas,soildestructionisinevitable.（然而，最脆弱的是沙漠和耕地之间的过渡地带；凡人类活动导致脆弱边缘地区土地滥用的地方，土壤破坏是不可避免的。），说明最容易受害的就是位于沙漠和已开垦耕地之间的过渡地区，只要人类活动在这些脆弱的边缘区域，过度滥用土地，那么土壤的破坏在所难免。因此A选项“存在于沙漠和可用于农业的土地之间的地区才是风险最大的，因为它们很容易受到人类活动的不良土地管理方法的影响，而这种影响总是会导致土壤的流失。”正确。B选项“大多数脆弱地区正从沙漠向耕地过渡；由于人类活动和这些地区的脆弱性，这一过程总是导致土壤流失。”，原文说的不是沙漠向耕地过渡的过程，所以B错误。C选项“过渡区的土壤流失尤为严重，人类活动正在通过农业破坏环境，导致土壤流失。”，原文没有提到农业活动，所以C错误。D选项“由于这些地区的脆弱性，它们既不是沙漠也不是耕地，因为它们已经破坏了土壤，因此人类在过渡地区的活动是脆弱的。”，原文说的不是人类活动很脆弱，所以D错误。

18.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第二句Large-scalefarmingrequiresextensiveirrigation,whichultimatelydestroyslandbydepletingitsnutrientsandleachingmineralsintothetopsoil.（大规模的农业需要大量的灌溉，这最终会耗尽土地的养分，并使矿物质渗入表层土壤，从而破坏土地。），说明灌溉会对土地造成不好的影响，加剧沙漠化。因此C选项“灌溉”正确。A选项“过度施肥”，B选项“剥去本地植被”，D选项“重复种植相同的农作物”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

19.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段，第四段主要说明土壤盐碱化现象，但是并非针对某一特定区域。而盐碱化现象也是造成沙漠化的原因。因此D选项“描述导致沙漠化的一个过程”正确。A选项“提出处理沙漠化问题的方法”，B选项“展示历史上沙漠化的进展”，C选项“描述一个特定地区的沙漠化的主要原因”均不符合原文内容，所以A，B，C错误。

20.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干关键词“leaching”可以定位到文章第五段第五句Thisfurtherdiminishesplantcoverbyleachingawaynutrientsfromthesoil.（这进一步减少了植物覆盖，因为土壤中的养分流失了。），说明“leaching”在文中指的是“养分流失”的意思。因此A选项“洗涤”正确。B选项“沉积”，C选项“浓缩”，D选项“分散”均不符合题意，所以B，C，D错误。

21.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第六段，第六段强凋了沙漠化现象已经发展到何种程度，以及目前继续恶化的速度，还预言了如果按照这样的情况发展下去将会带来的结果。说明必须尽快找出解决问题的方法，否则后果将不堪设想。因此B选项“找到阻止沙漠化的方法将变得越来越紧迫”正确。A选项“新技术将解决沙漠化的问题”，C选项“沙漠化在发达国家是一个更大的问题”，D选项“沙漠化在非洲造成了饥荒”在文中均没有提及，所以A，C，D错误。

22.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干中的句子Eachfurtherstheprocessdramatically,buttheyactinquitedifferentways.（每个都极大地促进了这一进程，但它们的影响方式却截然不同。）是对造成沙漠化现象的两种过程做出进一步的诠释，B处前文说农业和过度放牧是沙漠化的两个主要来源，后文分别介绍了这两种方式对沙漠化的影响。因此该句放在B处最合适。

4.单选题

ChlorineisamainstayinmostswimmingpoolsintheUnitedStates,andisusedtoeradicatebacteria.Abacteria-freepoolwillusuallyensurethatswimmerswon'tcontractaseriousillnessiftheyspendtimein,andpossiblyingest,thewater.Whenchlorineisaddedtopoolwater,achemicalreactionoccurswherebythechlorinebreaksdownintoalegionchemicalsthatcombinetokillbacteriathatmaybeinthewater.Thesechemicals,specificallyhypochlorousacidandhypochloriteion,eliminatebacteriabyannihilatingandthenoxidizingtheabhorrentcells.Whenthischemicalreactionoccurs,thebacteriaarerenderedessentiallyharmless.Thischemicalreactiondoesn’toccurimmediately-individualcomponentswithinchlorinetakevaryingamountsoftimetointeractwiththebacteria,creatinganalmosttime-release-typeofkillinthepoolwater.

Chlorinemustberegularlyreplenished.Astheyreact,thehypochlorousacidandhypochloriteioncombinetocreateaparticularacceptablepHlevelinthepoolwater.ApHisameasureofthealkalinityandaciditypresent;apHvalueof7representsaneutralvalue,and7.4isthepHvalueofthehumantear.ThepHratiomustberegularlymonitoredtoensureaconsistentoptimumrate-oneusuallykeptwithinthespectrumof7to8asmeasuredbyareliablepHmeasuringkit.Asthechemicalsinchlorinecompletetheirreactions,theybreakdownandarenolongereffectiveinkeepingthepoolwaterneutralized.Additionalchlorinemustbeaddedtowateratspecifictimes.Outdoorpoolsthatareindirectsunlightneedtohavewateraddedmoreoftenbecausethechemicalreactiontimeforchlorineisincreasedanditseffectivenessisreducedintheseconditions.Sincethehypochloriteionisanespeciallypotentchemicalcapableoffadingfabricsandpaint,mostpeoplearemeticulousaboutrinsingchlorinefrompotentiallyaffectedareas.Althoughchlorineisinexpensiveandwidelyavailable,somepeoplefindthebleachsmelltoberepugnantandthedistinctaromapresentatmanyswimmingpoolstobeoverwhelming.Thesepeoplemaynotbeabletoenjoyaquaticpursuitsinthosepoolsthatemploychlorineasacleansingagent.Otherpeoplemayfindthatinhalingchlorineatthehighlevelspresentaroundsomepoolsmaybedifficulttotolerate.Stillothersmayexperienceskinirritationafterswimminginapoolcontainingchlorine.Althoughthereareotherchemicalsandcompoundsavailabletocleanswimmingpools,theymaybeprohibitivelyexpensiveorincapableofkillingalltypesofbacteriapresentinthewater.

1.Accordingtothepassage,astablepHvalueinpoolwaterisdependentuponwhichofthefollowing

（

）.

2.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto

（

）.

3.Basedonthepassage,whichstatementisprobablyNOTtrueofchlorine?

4.TheauthorincludestheinformationaboutthepHofhumantearsmainlyto（

）.

5.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutchlorineEXCEPTthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Ensuringthatthereisonlyaminimumamountofbacteriainthewater

B.Monitoringandaddingchlorinewhenwarranted

C.Payingcloseattentiontothereactionsofchemicalsinthepoolwater

D.Ensuringthatwaterisprotectedfromdirectsunlight

问题2选项

A.offeranunbiasedopinionofchlorine，sefficacy

B.provideanargumentforusingchlorine

C.discussthechemicalreactiontakingplacewithinapool

D.showhowchlorinecankeeppoolwatersafe

问题3选项

A.Itcanbeharmfulifswallowed.

B.Occasionalhighlevelsinpoolwaterareprobablynotharmful.

C.Itcankillmostcommontypesofpoolwaterbacteria.

D.Apool’ssizewilldictatetheamountneeded.

问题4选项

A.givethereaderabaseofreference

B.provideavisualimageforthereader

C.personalizethepassagetoenhanceinterest

D.answerthereader’santicipatedquestion

问题5选项

A.chlorine'sefficacyisaffectedbysunlight

B.chlorineismadeupoftwochemicals:hypochlorousacidandhypochlorineion

C.chlorineisusuallysaidtobemalodorous

D.chlorinelevelsmustberoutinelyassessedinpoolwater

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到第二段“Chlorinemustberegularlyreplenished.氯必须定期补充”及“ThepHratiomustberegularlymonitoredtoensureaconsistentoptimumrate-oneusuallykeptwithinthespectrumof7to8asmeasuredbyareliablepHmeasuringkit.必须定期监测pH值比，以确保一致的最佳速率-通常保持在一个可靠的pH值测量试剂盒测量的7至8的光谱范围内。”可知B项“必要时监测并加氯”符合题意。

2.作者意图题。由第一段“Thesechemicals,specificallyhypochlorousacidandhypochloriteion,eliminatebacteriabyannihilatingandthenoxidizingtheabhorrentcells.Whenthischemicalreactionoccurs,thebacteriaarerenderedessentiallyharmless.这些化学物质，特别是次氯酸和次氯酸盐离子，通过消灭和氧化可恶的细胞来消灭细菌。当这种化学反应发生时，细菌基本上是无害的。”可知作者主要是想介绍氯气是如何确保泳池干净和安全的。

3.推理判断题。定位到最后一段“Otherpeoplemayfindthatinhalingchlorineatthehighlevelspresentaroundsomepoolsmaybedifficulttotolerate.Stillothersmayexperienceskinirritationafterswimminginapoolcontainingchlorine.Althoughthereareotherchemicalsandcompoundsavailabletocleanswimmingpools,theymaybeprohibitivelyexpensiveorincapableofkillingalltypesofbacteriapresentinthewater.其他人可能会发现，吸入一些泳池周围高浓度的氯可能很难忍受。还有一些人在含有氯的游泳池游泳后可能会感到皮肤刺激。虽然有其他化学物质和化合物可以用来清洁游泳池，但它们可能昂贵得令人望而却步，或者无法杀死水中存在的所有类型的细菌。”可知有些人吸入一些泳池周围高浓度的氯可能很难忍受。故B项“偶尔泳池里的氯含量高可能是无害的。”表述错误。

4.推理判断题。作者通过举例直观地解释PH值的知识，让读者有一些了解

5.细节事实题。根据对本文第二段的理解，一旦氯气在太阳光下，那么它的有效性就会降低，而第一段指出氯气中发生反应的化学元素主要是次氯酸和次氯酸离子，但这无法推理出就仅仅只有这两种物质，B项“氯由两种化学物质组成：次氯酸和低氯离子”答案过于绝对。

5.单选题

2.

问题1选项

A.Totakethemedicineforalongertime.

B.Todiscontinuethemedication.

C.Tocometoseeheragain.

D.Toswitchtoothermedications.

【答案】C

【解析】M:HowlongshouldItakethem?

W:Theprescriptionisfor30days.Ifyou’restillfeelingdepressedafter30days.I’dlikeyoutocomebackin.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvicethemantodoifhisproblemcontinues?

【解析】细节题。女士说药量是30天，如果服药后患者还不好，建议回来复诊。

6.单选题

Hewasregardedasagreat（

）tothecommittee.

问题1选项

A.asset

B.profit

C.prosperity

D.interest

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。asset“财产，资产，有价值的人或物”；profit“利润”；prosperity“繁荣，成功”；interest“兴趣，爱好”。句意：他被视为委员会的重要人物。句中主语是he，故A项符合题意。

7.单选题

Ifhehadknownhowtorepairthetoaster,hesurely

her.

问题1选项

A.wouldtell

B.wouldhavetold

C.willtell

D.tells

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据if从句的动词时态，可判断出主句应该使用would+现在完成时，因此选项B符合题意。句意：要是他知道怎么修理烤面包机，他肯定早就告诉她了。

8.单选题

ThefloweringteahasbeensellingbrisklyatupscaleretailerssuchasWholeFoodsMarket,jumpingfrom9%ofNumi’ssalesto26%duringthelastholidayseason.

问题1选项

A.uplevel

B.uptick

C.upmarket

D.upbuilt

【答案】C

【解析】考查近义形容词辨析。A选项uplevel仅有uplevel形式，意为“高电平”；B选项uptick“（n.）小幅增加，微升；报升”；C选项upmarket“质优价高的；高级的；在高档之列”；D选项upbuilt“（v.）建立，建造”。句意：鲜花茶在全食超市（WholeFoodsMarket）等高档零售商的销售一直很火爆，在上个假期期间，占Numi销售额的比例从9%跃升至26%。upscale“高消费阶层的，高档的”，C选项与该词词意最相近，因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Partofthecostofmanyarticlesistakenastaxbythegovernment（

）thecommunity.

问题1选项

A.inplaceof

B.onaccountof

C.intermsof

D.onbehalfof

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。inplaceof意为“代替”；onaccountof意为“由于”；intermsof意为“依据，按照”；onbehalfof意为“代表，为了”。

句意：部分物品的费用以税收的形式由政府代表社会征收。

10.单选题

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

问题1选项

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

问题2选项

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

问题3选项

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

问题4选项

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

问题5选项

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.语义推测题。authored意思为“写作；编写”。根据第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles（写了另外11本关于出售收藏品的书），这里authored搭配books，D选项“写”比较符合语境，也和authored词义相近。A选项“是某方面的权威”，B选项“批准，授权”和C选项“放弃权利”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”（“《垃圾还是宝藏》可以让你变得富有，”……“这比买彩票好——你不会因为拥有这本书而失去什么。”），文章写的是卖废品为财富，运用这本书的内容会让人增加财富，更不会因为这本书失去什么，所以B选项“你可能花了很多钱买彩票，却什么也得不到，但是如果你买这本书，总会得到些什么”正确。A选项“你可能会失去一张彩票，但不会失去这本书”，C选项“可能买彩票你来晚了，但是买这本书不会晚”和D选项“如果你买彩票，可能不会像他人一样优秀，但是如果你买这本书，就会和其他人一样优秀”不符合文章内容。因此B选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.（这就是为什么海曼博士的书是无价的：它直接把你带到1200个专业买家面前，而他们正在积极地寻找你的灰尘收集器。），这些专家专门收购垃圾，所以D选项“收集垃圾的东西”符合题意。A选项“积灰尘的东西”，B选项“受雇帮助清理垃圾的人”和C选项“被雇佣来清空垃圾箱的人”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.（因为它不仅告诉你你拥有什么可能有价值的东西，还告诉你把它卖给谁，他们在哪里，以及如何处理交易。），可知这本书的内容有A选项“专业买家的所在地”，B选项“可能有价值的东西”和D选项“谁会买有价值的收藏品”，C选项“专业买家什么时候处理交易”不包含在内。因此C选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍了TrashorTreasure这本书，也介绍了这本书的作者和内容，而没有对这本书的评价，所以A选项“书的序言”正确。B选项“书评”、C选项“社会服务机构给的意见”和D选项“广告”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

Fuelscarcitiesandpriceincreases（

）automobiledesignerstoscaledownthelargestmodelsandtodevelopcompletelynewlinesofsmallcarsandtrucks.

问题1选项

A.persuaded

B.prompted

C.imposed

D.enlightened

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:燃油短缺和价格上涨汽车设计者缩小大型汽车的研发，转而开发全新的小型汽车和卡车生产线。

persuade:说服，劝说。prompt:促进,促使。impose:强加,征税,利用。enlighten:启发，启蒙，教导。因此B项符合句意。

12.单选题

问题1选项

A.Cough.

B.Headache

C.Diarrhea.

D.Fever.

【答案】D

【解析】5.M:Goodafternoon.Haveaseat.Sowhathaveyoucomeinfortoday?

W:Thankyou.I’mfeelingill.I’vegotquiteabadcough.Idon’tseemtohaveafever.I’vealsogotaheadacheandalittlebitofdiarrhea.

Q:Whichofthefollowingisnotasymptomthatthewomanhas?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：以下哪项不是这位女士的症状？由文中“I’vegotquiteabadcough.Idon’tseemtohaveafever.I’vealsogotaheadacheandalittlebitofdiarrhea.（我咳嗽得很厉害。但我好像没有发烧。我有点头疼，还有点腹泻。）”，可知D选项“fever（发烧）”不是女士的症状，符合题意。A选项“咳嗽”；B选项“头疼”；C选项“腹泻”是女士的症状，不符合题意。

13.单选题

Today,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical______.

问题1选项

A.facilities

B.appliances

C.instruments

D.equipment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项facility“设施，设备”，指可供使用的设备或设施；B项appliance“器具，器械”，C项instrument“乐器，仪器”，D项equipment“装备，设备”，多指成套的或重型的设备或装备，不光包括电子设备，还包含相关的工具。根据关键词housework“家务”可知，空格部分表示“家用电器”合适，B项最符合语境。句意：今天，家用电器使家务变得容易多了。因此，该题选择B项正确。

14.单选题

Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambitionhealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestinymustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambitionifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.Thereisheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebamdoorafterthehorseshaveescapedwiththeeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.Summerhomes,Europeantravel,BMWsthelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply;thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproperformulationis,“Succeedatallcostsbutavoidappearingambitious.”

Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles;itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsstirringsandpromptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessopenlyprofessed.Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenunderground,ormadesly.Such,then,isthewaythingsstand:ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,andinthemiddle,asusual,themajorityofearnestpeopletryingtogetoninlife.

1.Itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregardedif（）_.

2.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatitis（）.

3.Somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambitionbecause（）.

4.Fromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbemaintained（）_.

问题1选项

A.itsreturnswellcompens