考研考博-英语-呼和浩特职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-呼和浩特职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

AnAsianengineerisassignedtoaU.S.laboratoryandalmostsuffersanervousbreakdown.AU.Sexecutivetellshisstallhe’sgoingtotreatthemfairly---andcreatesdissension.AJapanesemanageispromotebyhisBritishPresident,butwithinsixmonthsasksforatransfer.

Eachofthesereal-lifecasesinvolvedpeoplewhowereregardedassuperioremployees,butwereill-equippedtocopewiththecomplexitiesanddangersofinterculturalmanagement.

“Multinationalcompanieshavestudiedeverythingelse,nowtheyarefinallylookingatculture,”saysCliffordClarke,founderandpresidentoftheCaliforniabasedIRIInternationalinc,oneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofconsultingfirmsthatspecializeinteachingbusinesspeoplefromdifferentcultureshowtocommunicateandworkwitheachother.

“NevershowtheshoetoanArad,neverarriveontimeforapartyinBrazil,andinJapan,don’tthink‘yes’means‘yes’,adviseU.S.consultantsLennieCoplandandLewisBrownGriggs,whohaveproducedaseriesoffilmsandabooktohelpmanagersimprovetheirinternationalbusinessskills.Butsimplylearningthesocial“dos”and“don’ts’'isnottheanswer,accordingtothenewculturespecialists.Thepenaltiesforignoringdifferentthinkingpatterns,theypointout,canbedisastrous.

Forexample,theAmericanmanagerwhopromisedtobefairthoughthewastellinghisJapanesestaffthattheirhardworkwouldberewarded,butwhensomeworkersreceivedhighersalaryincreasesthanothers,therewerecomplaints.“Youtoldusyou'dbefair,andyouliedtous,”accusedonesalesman.“'Ittookmeayearandahalf,”sighedtheAmerican,“torealizethat‘fair’，tomystaff,meantbeingtreatedequally.”

TheAsianengineerwhosufferedinAmericawasthevictimofanothermistakenexpectation,“hewasaccustomedtothewarmgroupenvironmentsotypicalinJapan,”saidhisU.S.Manager,“butinourcompany,we’reallexpectedtobeself-starters,whothriveonworkingalone.Forhim,itwasemotionalstarvation.He’smadetheadjustmentnow,buthe’dbehumiliatedif1toldyouhisname,that’sanotherculturedifference.”

TheJapanesemanagerwhofailedtorespondtohispromotioncouldnotbringhimselftousethemoredirectlanguageneededtocommunicatewithhisLondon-basedsuperiors.“Iusedtothinkallthistalkaboutculturecommunicationwasalotofbaloney,”saysEugeneJ.Flath,presidentofIntelJapanLtd,asubsidiaryoftheAmericansemiconductormaker.“Now,Icanseeitisarealproblem.Miscommunicationhasslowedourabilitytocoordinateactionwithourhomeoffice.”

“That’swhyIntel,withthehelpofconsultantClarke,begananinterculturaltrainingprogramthisspringwhichFlathexpectswilldramaticallyreducedecision-makingtimenowlostinmakingsuretheAmericanandtheJapaneseunderstandeachother.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.Fromthecontext,theword“baloney”iscloseinmeaningto

（

）.

3.WhydidtheJapanesestaffcomplaintotheAmericanmanager?

4.Theculturalcommunicationproblemsarebecomingespeciallyurgentfor

（

）.

5.WhydidthepromotedJapanesemanageraskfortransfer?

问题1选项

A.BuildingBridgesOvertheCulturalRivets

B.MultinationalTrainingforBusinessman

C.LearningDifferentThinkingPatterns

D.CommunicationProblemsandComplaints

问题2选项

A.balcony

B.feat

C.nonsense

D.simplicity

问题3选项

A.TheAmericanmanagerhadliedtothem.

B.Thesalaryincreaseswereinsufficient.

C.Moststaffhadnotreceivedsalaryincreased.

D.Therewasamisunderstandingoftheword“fair”.

问题4选项

A.Americanmanagers

B.multinationalcompanies

C.Japaneseemployees

D.consultingfirms

问题5选项

A.Hewasnotcompetentforthehigherposition.

B.Hewasnotaccustomedtoworkingbyhimself.

C.Hecouldnotmaketheadjustmenttohisnewjob.

D.Helackedadequatecommunicationwithhissuperiors.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题目问的是“本文最佳标题是……”。文章首先是通过一些实例来引出不同文化间的交流障碍这个话题，比如一位亚洲工程师被派到美国实验室后几乎精神奔溃；随后提到跨国公司开始重视这个问题并且采取了一些措施来解决这些问题，四个选项中选项A包含了其他三个选项的内容，最适合做文章标题。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“从文章中可知，baloney与哪个单词意思最接近”。文章倒数第二段提到（Iusedtothinkallthistalkaboutculturecommunicationwasalotofbaloney）与（Icanseeitisarealproblem），把之前的观点与现在的观点进行对比，前后发生了变化，由此可知baloney的意思与“arealproblem”是相反的，即“胡说八道”的意思。选项C符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“为什么日本员工向他们美国经理抱怨”。文章第五段提到“这位美国经理说他花费了一年半的时间来明白日本员工认为的公平是被平等对待”（“'Ittookmeayearandahalf,”sighedtheAmerican,“torealizethat‘fair’，tomystaff,meantbeingtreatedequally.”），由此可以看出是因为对fair这个单词的误解，使得日本员工对此抱怨。选项D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“对于……来说，文化交流问题正变得特别重要”。文章第三段提到跨国公司开始重视文化（Multinationalcompanieshavestudiedeverythingelse,nowtheyarefinallylookingatculture），因此选项B符合题意。

5.细节事实题。题目问的是“被提升的日本籍经理为什么要求换工作”。文章倒数第二段提到“不能适应职位提升的日本经理不能用更直接的语言与自己在英国的上司进行沟通从而提出了调换工作的要求”（TheJapanesemanagerwhofailedtorespondtohispromotioncouldnotbringhimselftousethemoredirectlanguageneededtocommunicatewithhisLondon-basedsuperiors），选项C“他不能适应新工作”符合题意。

2.单选题

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactpreviouslyseenontelevision.

问题1选项

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.congesting

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。Modifying“修饰”；duplicating“复制”；accelerating“加速”；congesting“充满”。句意：最近报道的很多案件都是与小孩相关的，他们复制在之前在电视上看到的一些暴力行为。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Iwishtochangemymajorinpostgraduatestudy,becauseIknowthecompetitioninthecomputerdepartmentofTsinghuais（

）.

问题1选项

A.fragrant

B.formidable

C.fierce

D.flexible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。fragrant“芳香的，愉悦的”；formidable“强大的，可怕的”；fierce“凶猛的”；flexible“灵活的”。句意：我希望在研究生学习期间换个专业，因为我知道清华大学计算机学院的竞争太激烈。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

ForseveraldaysIsawlittleofMr.Rochester.Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim.Whenhisfootwaswellenough,herodeoutagreatdeal.

Duringthistime,allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse,whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile.Hischangesofmannerdidnotoffendme,becauseIsawthatIhadnothingtodowiththecauseofthem.

Oneevening,severaldayslater,IwasinvitedtotalktoMr.Rochesterafterdinner.Hewassittinginhisarmchair,andlookednotquitesosevere,andmuchlessgloomy.Therewasasmileonhislips,andhiseyeswerebright,probablywithwine.AsIwaslookingathim,hesuddenlyturned,andaskedme,"DoyouthinkI'mhandsome.MissEyre?"

TheanswersomehowslippedfrommytonguebeforeIrealizedit:“No,sir.”

"Ah,youreallyareunusual!Youareaquiet,seriouslittleperson,butyoucanbealmostrude."

"Sir,I'msorry.Ishouldhavesaidthatbeautydoesn'tmatter,orsomethinglikesthat."

"No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!Youhavehonestyandfeeling.Therearenotmanygirlslikeyou.ButperhapsIgotoofast.Perhapsyouhaveawfulfaultstocounterbalanceyourfewgoodpoints•”

Ithoughttomyselfthathemighthavetoo.Heseemedtoreadmymind,andsaidquickly,“Yes,you'reright.Ihaveplentyoffaults.IwentthewrongwaywhenIwastwenty-one,andhaveneverfoundtherightpathagain.Imighthavebeenverydifferent.Imighthavebeenasgoodasyou,andperhapswiser.Iamnotabadman,takemywordforit,butIhavedonewrong.Itwasn'tmycharacter,butcircumstanceswhichweretoblame.WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou'rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou'resympatheticandgivethemhope."

Itseemedhehadquitealottotalktome.Hedidn'tseemtoliketofinishthetalkquickly,aswasthecaseforthefirsttime.

"Don'tbeafraidofme,MissEyre."Hecontinued."Youdon'trelaxorlaughverymuch,perhapsbecauseoftheeffectLowoodschoolhashadonyou.Butintimeyouwillbemorenaturalwithme,andlaugh,andspeakfreely.You'relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you'llflyveryhigh.Goodnight."

1.AtthebeginningMissEyre'simpressionsofMr.Rochesterwereallexcept（）.

2.In“...andallmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehousetheword

“about”means（）.

3.WhydidMr.Rochestersay“".andthenyoustabmeintheback!”inthe7thparagraph?

4.FromwhatMr.RochestertoldMissEyre,wecanconcludethathewantedto（）.

5.Altheendofthepassage,Mr.Rochestersounded（）.

问题1选项

A.busy

B.sociable

C.friendly

D.changeable

问题2选项

A.around

B.on

C.outside

D.concerning.

问题3选项

A.BecauseMissEyrehadintendedtokillhimwithaknife.

B.BecauseMissEyrehadintendedtobemorecritical.

C.BecauseMissEyrehadregrettedhavingtalkedtohim.

D.BecauseMissEyrehadsaidsomethingelsetocorrectherself.

问题4选项

A.Tellherallhistroubles

B.tellherhislifeexperience.

C.changeheropinionofhim

D.changehiscircumstances

问题5选项

A.rude

B.cold

C.friendly

D.encouraging.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。A:忙碌的,B:好交际的,由第一段中“Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim(早上，他忙于生意，在下午有附近的绅士会拜访他，并且有时会留下来与他用餐)”可知A和B属埃雷女士对罗彻斯特的印象。C:友好的,D:易变的,由第二段“...hewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile(他有时会冷淡地从我身边走过，而有吋会鞠躬且微笑)”可知C不属于埃雷女士对罗彻斯特的印象,D属于。因此答案选C。

2.词义题。在句子“...andallmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsabouttheHouse”中,allmyknowledgeofhim是主语,waslimitedto是谓语,句子结构已经完整。因此abouttheHouse是介词短语。about有“在…周围”的意思,因此选A。

3.判断推理题。由题干定位至句子:"No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!(不，你不应该这样（说），你批评我的外貌,你在背后捅我一刀)”,由此可知B项“因为埃雷女士本打算变得更多批评”正确。

4.判断推理题。倒数第三段说到:WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou'rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou'resympatheticandgivethemhope(为何我要告诉你所有这些？因为你是人们问题和秘密的倾诉对象，因为你富有同情心且让人充满希望),由此可知B项“告诉她他的生活经历”正确。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:Butintimeyouwillbemorenaturalwithme,andlaugh,andspeakfreely.You'relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you'llflyveryhigh.Goodnight(但是经过一段吋间后，你将会和我更自然地相处的，自由地说笑。就如在笼子里的鸟。当你走出笼子后，你将飞得很高。晚安),由此看出D项“鼓励的”正确。

5.单选题

Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwant―withnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,wouldn’tit?

New“fakefat”productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods.Critics,however,saythenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soit’suptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.

Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthancan’tbedigestedatall.

Normally,specialchemicalsintheintestines“grab”moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbeusedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstancescalledfattyacids.

ThefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemtheessentialvitaminsA,D,EandK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswithanyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothebloodstream.

Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoolargefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.Manufacturerssayit’sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestinesthatmakesolestrasovaluableasafatsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteofregularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.ButcriticssayolestracanpreventvitaminsA,D,E,andKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionofcarotenoids,compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,etc.

ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,E,andKaswellascarotenoidstotheirproductsnow.Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteatunlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthowmanycaloriestheyareconsuming.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat（）.

2.Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe（）.

3.Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat（）.

4.Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?

5.Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?

问题1选项

A.containsplentyofnutrients

B.makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdelicious

C.makesfoodseasilydigestible

D.rendersfoodscaloric-freewhileretainingtheirvitamins

问题2选项

A.commerciallyuseless

B.justasanticipated

C.somewhatcontroversial

D.quiteunexpected

问题3选项

A.itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins

B.ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdisease

C.itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsbythebody

D.itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbed

问题4选项

A.Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.

B.Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.

C.Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake.

D.Itmayspoiltheconsumers’appetite.

问题5选项

A.Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.

B.Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.

C.Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.

D.Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词olestra可以定位到文章第六段中“Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.”中文翻译为：它（即奥利斯特拉）滑过肠道而不被分解，以及“Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteofregularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.”中文翻译为：它（即奥利斯特拉）为消费者提供一般脂肪的味道而不对身体产生有害作用。可以得知B项“在让食品可口的同时，不让其含有脂肪”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第三段“Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthancan’tbedigestedatall.”中文翻译为：研究者没有发现期望的脂肪，相反他们创造了一种根本不被消化的脂肪。因此可知D选项“很意外的”为正确答案。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词olestra可以定位到文章第六段“Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.”中文翻译为：它（即奥利斯特拉）滑过肠道而不被分解。可以得知D选项“它穿过肠道而不被吸收”符合题意。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干关键词olestra可以定位到文章第六段中“Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionofcarotenoids,compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,etc.”中文翻译为：它（即奥利斯特拉）也可能阻止类胡萝卜素的吸收，而该化合物可能降低忠癌症、心脏病等的风险。故选A“它可能增加患癌症的风险”。

5.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章尾段“Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteatunlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthowmanycaloriestheyareconsuming.”中文翻译为：即使如此，一些营养学家仍然担心人们可能在不用担心自己正消耗多少热量的情况下，无限制地吃用脂肪替代物制成的食品。判断出答案为C项“人们可能被引诱去吃多出需要的食品”。

6.单选题

Therelationshipbetweentechnologyanddevelopmentiscomplicate.Attimesthenegativefeaturesoftechnologyseemto______thepositiveones.

问题1选项

A.withdraw

B.discharge

C.maximize

D.outweigh

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。withdraw"取回;（使）撤退";discharge"解雇,卸下";maximize"使最大化";outweigh"胜过,超过"。句意：技术与发展之间的关系很复杂。有时，技术的负面特征似乎超过正面特征。选项D符合句意。

7.单选题

Notuntilthe1980s（）inBeijingstarttofindwaystopreservehistoricbuildingsfromdestruction.

问题1选项

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.someconcerningcitizens

C.didsomeconcerningcitizens

D.didsomeconcernedcitizens

【答案】D

【解析】Notuntil位于句首应使用倒装。句子表示过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时，借助于助动词did并提前，concerning为介词，也可以看作动名词，表示使担忧，但选项C的表达不符合语法；concerned为形容词，在这里修饰citizens。所以选项D正确。

8.单选题

Theconceptofthepatient[A]asfirstandforemostanindividualwillbereplacedbyageneric“patient”[B]whoevenmoregeneric“qualityoflife”isdeterminednotbyindividualqualitiesandrelationships[C]butbyaflowchart.Insteadofdying[D]surroundedbyfriendsandfamily,wewillbesurroundedbypaper—andlawyers.

问题1选项

A.asfirstandforemost

B.who

C.butby

D.surrounded

【答案】B

【解析】考查关系词用法。B选项处who引导定语从句修饰先行词patient，但关系词后又有名词“qualityoflife”，因此关系词应该在从句中充当定语的成分，应把who改为whose。

9.不定项选择题

Morethantwomillionfilmslieinstoreroomsaroundtheworld,someofthemsobadlydamagedthattheycannolongerbescreened.Ifnothingisdone,theycoulddisappearforgood,likehalfthefilmsmadeintheUSbefore1950.Butresearchpromisesanautomatedtechnique,torestoretheseoldfilmstotheirformerglory.

Filmscanbecleanedchemicallyorbyusingultrasound.Butthisistime-consumingandexpensive,andchemicalscanalsodamagetheoriginalfilms.Anotherapproachistodigitizethefilmandthencleanupthedigitalversionframebyframe—aterriblejob.WhenDisneycleanedupSnowWhiteforreleaseonDVD,forinstance,graphicartistsworkedinshiftson40computersdayandnightfor18weeks.

“Thesecomputer-aidedtechniquesremainveryexpensive,”saysSamiaBoukir,whostartedworkonanautomatedsystem,“onlyanautomatedsystemcanhopetosalvagethearchiveofdeterioratingfilms.”

Onceafilmhasbeenscannedin,thefirststageoftheprocessistofinddustspots.Theyusuallyoccuronlyonsingleframes,sothesystemlooksforsmallspotsthatarevisibleononeframeandabsentonitsneighbors.Thesoftwarerepairstheimagebysamplingtheunspoiltareaoftheimageontheadjacentframesandreplacingthedustspotwithanaverageofthesampledpictureelement.

Detectingscratchesismorecomplicatedbecausetheymayrunoverseveralframesandcanbeconfusedwithverticallinesthatarepartofthefilm.Butatelltalepatternoftengivesthemaway:scratchesarenormallycausedbythemechanicalpartsofaprojectorrubbingonthefilm,sotheytendtorepeatatregularintervals.

Thesystemlooksforaperiodicpatternofthistypefromframetoframe,predictingwhenitshouldoccurinthesubsequentframes.Havingidentifiedthescratchanditsduration,thesoftwarethenrepairsthedamagebytakingpictureelementfromundamagedframesbeforeandafterthescratch.Thissmoothingeffectavoidsanysharpedgesintherestoredimage.

Oncerestored,thedigitizedfilmscanbeviewedbyfuturegenerationswithoutriskingmoredamagetotheoriginalbyrunningitthroughaprojector.“Filmhasahundred-yearhistory,buttheknowledgeofhowtostoreitproperlyisonly15yearsold,”saysGodfreyPyeofSunsetDigital,aHollywood-basedcompany.

1.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat（）.

2.WhatisSamiaBoukir’sattitudetowardsautomatedrestorationofthefilm?

3.Whatisthecharacteristicofthedistributionofdustspotsonthefilms?

4.Thefollowingstatementsisthereasonswhyscratchesarehardtobedetected.（）

5.Bysayingthat“withoutriskingmoredamagetotheoriginalbyrunningitthroughaprojector”,(L.1-2,Para.7)theauthormeansthat（）

问题1选项

A.therehavebeenmanymethodstocleanupthefilms

B.DisneyrepairedthedamageofSnowWhiteforprofit

C.chemicalcleaningandtheuseofultrasoundhavethesameeffect

D.cleaningdigitalizedfilmisconsideredfeasibleinfilmrestoration

问题2选项

A.Neutral.

B.Negative.

C.Positive.

D.Indifferent.

问题3选项

A.Thespotsareintheunspoiltareaoftheimage.

B.Thespotsareontheaveragesampledpictureelement.

C.Thespotscannotappearontwoadjacentframesatthesametime.

D.Thespotsareontheframethatisvisile.

问题4选项

A.Thescratchesappearatorderintervals.

B.Itiseasytodistinguishverticallinesandscratches.

C.Thescratchescanextendtoseveralframes.

D.Theshapeofscratchesisdifferentfromsomepartsofthefilm.

问题5选项

A.laterusemaynotcausenewdamagetothefilmsafterrestoration.

B.thereisnoenvironmentalriskinrepairingtheoriginalfilms.

C.therestoredfilmshaveperfectvisualeffect.

D.theprojectorhasthefunctionofprotectingtherestoredfilms.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节推断题。A项可以从第二段的“Anotherapproachisto…”得知，至少有三种方法来修复，因此正确，暂时保留；B项错误，确实是修复了白雪公主，但是并没有说是否是为了收益；C项第二段中提到，“chemicalscanalsodamagetheoriginalfilms”也就是化学的方式可能会损坏，因此两者不同，C错误；D项文章说了这种方法“shiftson40computersdayandnightfor18weeks”是非常大的工作量，很累人，因此不一定可行。答案为A。

第2题:作者态度题。从第三段他说“Thesecomputer-aidedtechniquesremainveryexpensive,”以及“onlyanautomatedsystemcanhopetosalvagethearchiveofdeterioratingfilms.”这两句话可以看出，他是非常支持自动修复的，甚至认为这是唯一的方法来拯救老电影。因此答案为C。

第3题:细节推断题。答案出处根据题干可以定位到第四段和第五段，第四段的第二句：Theyusuallyoccuronlyonsingleframes…意思是它们通常只出现在单帧上，因此答案为C，是这句话的转述。

第4题:细节推断题。根据题干定位到第五段，第五段第一句，“Detectingscratchesismorecomplicatedbecausetheymayrunoverseveralframes…thefilm.”意为“探测划痕更为复杂，因为划痕可能会覆盖好几帧，而且可能会与作为胶片一部分的垂直线混淆。”因此告诉我们划痕可能延展到好几帧，答案为C。

第5题:作者意图题。句子字面含义为“数字化的胶片一旦被修复，就可以被子孙后代观看，而不会因为通过放映机放映而对原胶片造成更大的损害。”我们可以看出意思是一旦修复好了，之后就一劳永逸了，不用担心会有其他的损坏，答案A为同义转述，正确。

10.单选题

Thenews,thoughnotwhollybad,wasso______thatIcouldnolongerconcentrateonmywork.

问题1选项

A.disturbing

B.disastrous

C.anxious

D.regretful

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.disturbing令人不安的，烦扰的B.disastrous灾难性的，损失惨重的

C.anxious焦虑的，担忧的D.regretful后悔的，遗憾的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据sothat引导的结果状语从句的意思“无法再专心工作”可知，这个news是令人烦扰的，故A项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合句子意思。

【句意】这消息虽然不全是坏消息，但却使我心烦意乱，无法再专心工作。

11.翻译题

Almostallourmajorproblemsinvolvehumanbehavior,andtheycannotbesolvedbyphysicalandbiologicaltechnologyalone.Whatisneededisatechnologyofbehavior,butwehavebeenslowtodevelopthesciencefromwhichsuchatechnologymightbedrawn.(1)Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,human,nature,andsoon.Physicsandbiologyoncefollowedsimilarpracticesandadvancedonlywhentheydiscardedthem.(2)Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.Theenvironmentisobviouslyimportant,butitsrolehasremainedobscure.Itdoesnotpushorpull,itselects,andthisfunctionisdifficulttodiscoverandanalyze.(3)Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.Astheinteractionbetweenorganismandenvironmenthascometobeunderstood,however,effectsonceassignedtostatesofmind,feelings,andtraitsarebeginningtobetracedtoaccessibleconditions,andatechnologyofbehaviormaythereforebecomeavailable.Itwillnotsolveourproblems,however,untilitreplacestraditionalpre-scientificviews,andthesearestronglyentrenched.Freedomanddignityillustratethedifficulty.(4)Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous(self-governing)manoftraditionaltheory,andthey’reessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.Ascientificanalysisshiftsboththeresponsibilityandtheachievementtotheenvironment.Italsoraisesquestionsconcerningvalues.Whowilluseatechnologyandtowhatends?(5)Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.

【答案】1．难题在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。

2．行为科学之所以发展缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。

3．自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。

4．自由和尊严（它们）是传统理论定义的自主的人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。

5．（如果）这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式可能也随之继续受到排斥。

12.单选题

Thebookwaswidelytranslatedandcopiedintheancientworldandwasinfluential（）.

问题1选项

A.atanyprice

B.withinreach

C.beyondmeasure

D.onpurpose

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。atanyprice“无论如何”；withinreach“伸手可及”；beyondmeasure“无可估量”；onpurpose“有目的地，故意地”。句意：在古代这本书被广泛地翻译和复制，其影响力______。根据关键信息widely，可知选项C符合题意。

13.单选题

Homeschoolingappearstobeagreatsuccessformiddle-classandwealthyfamilieswhenoneparentishomemostofthetime.However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.Numerousestimatesbetween1and2millionhavebeenmaderegardingthenumberofhome-schooledchildreninthiscountry.Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.

Nottoomanyyearsago，learningathomemeantreadingabookanddoinghomeworkwithtutoringfromaparentoroldersibling.Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience，becomesupset,turnscritical,orscoldsachildforpoorperformance.Infact,thenewtutoringsystemconstantlyrecognizesgoodperformanceandprovidespraiseforprogressinlearning.Thistutoristhemultimediapersonalcomputer.Fordecades，studentshavebeenlearningviatelevisionprograms.Inrecentyears，studentshavelearnedhowtouseapersonalcomputer.NowtechnologyisbringingtogethertheInternet,video,slides，CD-ROM,andtheinteractivityofacomputertocreatemultimediapresentationsthatstudentsenjoy.

Thecostofthistutoringsystemisabout$1,200.Itcanbeusedforatleastsixyears,sotheannualcostis$200.Iftherearetwostudentsinthefamily,theannualcostdropsto$100perstudent.Inmanyhouseholds,theparentsalsousethecomputer,whichreducestheannualcostevenfurther.

Thetutoringsystemallowshomeschoolerstoexploresubjectswithoutaparentorteachertellingthemwhattodonext.Thecomputeralsoprovidesasafeenvironmentforstudentstotakerisks.Theyseeandhearimmediate,positivereinforcementeverytimetheylearnsomething.Immediate,positiveremediationalsoisavailablewhenthestudentdoesn’tfullyunderstandthelesson.Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.

Atfirst,coursewaredevelopersthoughttheyhadtoselltheirproductstocurriculumdirectors,teachercommittees,andschoolboards.Now,thesecompaniessellcoursewaredirectlytoparents.Forexample,insteadofbuyingaleather-boundeditionoftheEncyclopediaBritannica,workingparentscanpurchaseacomputerizedencyclopediafor$35orless.

Coursewarequalityandcoursematerialsimproveannuallybecauseparentsandstudentsbuyonlyhigh-qualityandmotivationalcourses.Withmillionsofhomeschoolersandotherchildrenusingthesematerials,thepricepersubjectnowvariesfrom$20to$40.Intheearlyschoolyears,oneortwocoursewaresystemsar