考研考博-英语-内蒙古机电职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古机电职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyou（

）youneed.

问题1选项

A.alltheinformation

B.alltheinformations

C.allofinformation

D.alloftheinformations

【答案】A

【解析】语法（不可数名词和冠词）题。information为不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除B选项和D选项。allof后面接的名词前一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词修饰限定，且of可以省略，排除C选项，所以A选项正确。

2.单选题

问题1选项

A.Theadvantagesoflonelinessgenes.

B.Thefeelingofbeinglonely.

C.Peopletendingtofeellonely.

D.Peoplewithlonelinessgenes.

问题2选项

A.ltmaymakeyoufeelbad.

B.Itmeansyoucantolerateloneliness.

C.ltmaymakeyoufeellonely.

D.Itmeansyoucantoleratebadfeelings.

问题3选项

A.Hecanbealoneforalongtime.

B.Healwaysfeelslonelyonweekday.

C.Hefeelsaloneattheweekend.

D.Helikesweekend.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

【解析】第1题:关于孤独基因的表述，这个女性提到“Buttheprofessorsaystheydonotonlyhavenegativeeffects（但教授表示，它们不仅是有负面影响）”，下文中说到它还有优势，后文表述的都是孤独基因的优点，因此A选项正确。

第2题:对话中，男性问到孤独基因并非坏事的原因，女性回答道“Becauseitmeansyoucantoleratebeingaloneforalongtimewithoutfeelingbad（因为这意味着你可以忍受长时间的独处而不感觉糟糕）”，说明孤独基因能让人忍受独处。因此B选项正确。

第3题:这个女性说男性没有孤独基因的原因是“becauseyoudidfeelbadattheweekend.（因为你在周末觉得很糟糕）”，也就是说他在周末觉得很孤独。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

FromChristianityandthebarbariankingdomsofthewestemergedthemedievalversionofpolitics_____inturnevolvedthepoliticsofourmodernworld.

问题1选项

A.fromwhich

B.ofwhich

C.onwhich

D.bywhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。fromwhich引导定语从句修饰medievalversionofpolitics;evolvefrom“由……进化，从……产生出”，正常语句为thepoliticsofourmodernworldevolvedfromwhich…

4.不定项选择题

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarⅡ,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeserving,rich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkersfearthey’vebecome“thedisposableAmerican”,asLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedutopianpossibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity.Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Para.5)?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

问题1选项

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

问题2选项

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

问题3选项

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.HeathcareandeducationalCosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

问题4选项

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

问题5选项

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfilment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?1.约翰•肯尼斯•加尔布雷斯在他的《富裕社会》一书中提出了什么问题？

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.A.为什么统计数据不能反映经济的真相。

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.B.为什么富裕并不能保证幸福。

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.C.如何在今天提升幸福。

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.D.经济繁荣背后的原因。

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段第二、三句“为什么越来越多的财富不能带来越来越多的幸福呢？这个问题至少可以追溯到1958年约翰•肯尼斯•加尔布雷斯所著的《富裕社会》一书。”理解可知，约翰•肯尼斯•加尔布雷斯在他的《富裕社会》一书中提出了为什么越来越多的财富不能带来越来越多的幸福这个问题，B项“为什么富裕并不能保证幸福”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“为什么统计数据不能反映经济的真相”、C项“如何在今天提升幸福”和D项“经济繁荣背后的原因”都不是在《富裕社会》一书中提出的问题，这三项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.2.加尔布雷斯认为，人们感到不满是因为______。

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpectedA.公共支出并没有像预期的那样被削减

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevilB.政府已经被证明是必定邪恶

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepressionC.他们担心另一场大萧条

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsocietyD.现代社会物质主义泛滥成风

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“在加尔布雷斯看来，物质主义已经变得非常疯狂（materialismhadgonemad），并且会滋生不满情绪”理解可知，人们感到不满是因为物质主义泛滥，该题选择D项“现代社会物质主义泛滥成风”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“公共支出并没有像预期的那样被削减”根据第三段最后一句“与此同时，本可以让每个人生活更好的政府开支却被削减了，因为人们本能地且错误地将政府贴上了‘必定邪恶’的标签”可知，公共支出被削减了，该项属于反向干扰；

B项“政府已经被证明是一个必要的邪恶”，这只是人们为政府贴的标签，与人们不满无关，该项属于曲解原文；

C项“他们担心另一场大萧条”没有提到，该项属于无中生有。

3.【选项释义】

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?3.为什么当平均收入大幅增长时，人们会感到压力？

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.A.他们的物质追求远远超过了他们的收入。

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.B.他们的购买力随着通货膨胀而明显下降。

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.C.财富在富人和穷人之间分配不均。

D.HeathcareandeducationalCosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.D.医疗保健和教育费用不知何故已失去控制。

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第四段最后一句“人们感到‘被挤压’，因为他们不断增长的收入往往无法满足他们不断增长的需求——更大的房子，更多的医疗保健，更多的教育，更快的互联网连接”理解可知，人们会感到压力是因为不断增长的收入无法满足不断增长的物质需求，A项“他们的物质追求远远超过了他们的收入”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“他们的购买力随着通货膨胀而明显下降”，人们的物质需求不断增长，也就是说购买力会增加，该项属于反向干扰；

C项“财富在富人和穷人之间分配不均”和D项“医疗保健和教育费用不知何故已失去控制”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有。

4.【选项释义】

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Para.5)?

4.路易斯•乌奇特利在第5段所说的“被抛弃的美国人”是什么意思？

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.A.把工作稳定性视为生活标准的一部分。

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.B.因富裕而充满乌托邦思想的人。

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.C.在美国政治上几乎没有发言权的人。

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.D.不再有稳定工作的人。

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第五段“人们把工作稳定性视为生活水平的一部分。随着公司裁员的增加，这部分已经被侵蚀。越来越多的工人担心自己成为‘被抛弃的美国人’，正如路易斯•乌奇特利在他的同名书中所说的那样。”从中理解可知，“被抛弃的美国人”指的是因为公司裁员而被迫失业，即失去稳定的工作，D项“不再有稳定工作的人”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“把工作稳定性视为生活标准的一部分”是成为“被抛弃的美国人”的原因，而不是其暗含的意思，该项属于曲解原文；

B项“因富裕而充满乌托邦思想的人”和“被抛弃的美国人”无关，该项属于出处错位；

C项“在美国政治上几乎没有发言权的人”原文没有提到，该项属于无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?5.富裕给美国社会带来了什么？

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.A.新的经济安全。

B.Asenseofself-fulfilment.B.自我实现的感觉。

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.C.新的冲突和抱怨。

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.D.痛苦和反社会行为。

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第六段最后一句“不幸的是，富裕也产生了新的抱怨和矛盾”可知，富裕给美国社会带来了新的抱怨和矛盾，C项“新的冲突和抱怨”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“新的经济安全”和B项“自我实现的感觉”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有；

D项“痛苦和反社会行为”根据第六段二、三句“在某种程度上，富裕是成功的。身体上的痛苦比以前少了很多。”可知，富裕减轻了痛苦，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰。

5.单选题

TheCopperheadisavenomousserpent,foundasfarnorthastheBlueHillsinMassachusetts,and________bitehasproveddangeroustohikersandjoggers.

问题1选项

A.who

B.whom

C.its

D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】考查物主代词和从句连词。分析题干，两个句子都不缺主要成分的，所以空格前应填一个形容词或者副词来修饰bite，结合选项，答案应该选C。干扰项D是错误的，如果填whose就是把后面看成了一个从句，但是两个句子是and，填whose会造成从句没有先行词。

6.翻译题

疲劳是人们向医生、朋友和亲人最常抱怨的问题之一。或许你认为在这个拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施的时代。很少有人会有理由感到如此疲劳。然而，今天与用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲劳的人也许更多了。据医生们说，疲倦更可能是由于过少的活动所致，而不是过多的活动所引起的。情绪问题和烦恼，特别是忧郁和焦虑，显然是长期疲劳最常见的原因。

【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

7.单选题

Historyhasdemonstratedthatcountrieswithdifferentsocialsystemsandideologiescanjoinhandsinmeetingthecommonchallengestohumanand（

）development.

问题1选项

A.evolution

B.survival

C.rivalry

D.dignity

【答案】B

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。Evolution“进化”;survival“生存”;rivalry“竞争”;dignity“尊严，高尚”。句意：历史证明：在面临人类生存与发展时，不同社会体系和意识形态的国家都可以并肩作战。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

“You（

）borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,”Itoldmyfriend

问题1选项

A.could

B.should

C.must

D.can

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我对我的朋友说“假如你好好保管，你就可以借用我的笔记。”。

语法题。考查情态动词。由句中关键词“borrowmynotes用我的笔记”与“providedyoutakecareofthem假如你照顾他们”的对应知这里表示一种“现实可能性”，故A“could”正确。此外，虽然“can”也可用来表示现在的可能性，但是它一般用在问句或否定句中。should“应该”；must“必须；一定”。

9.单选题

Airplaneandtelevisionareamongthe（）ofscience.

问题1选项

A.masks

B.martyrs

C.marvels

D.marrow

【答案】C

【解析】句意:飞机和电视都是科学的奇迹。

考查名词辨析。mask面具，口罩；martyr烈士;marvel奇迹；marrow骨髓，精华。四个选项中，只有C项符合句意。

10.单选题

Researchshowsthatmanyvoterswhohaven’tyetmadeuptheirmindsare______towardstheDemocrats.

问题1选项

A.tilting

B.skidding

C.transferring

D.sliding

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项tilt“倾斜，翘起，俯仰（摄影机）”，B项skid“刹住，使减速，滚滑”，C项transfer“转让，转接，移交”，D项slide“滑动，平稳地走，悄悄移动”。根据句子意思“研究表明，许多尚未做出决定的选民都……向民主党”可知，tilt符合语境，tilttowards表示“偏向，向……倾斜”。句意：研究表明，许多尚未下定决心的选民正倾向于民主党。因此，该题选择A项正确。

11.单选题

______conflictamongcity-statescausedtheeventualdeclineofGreekcivilization.

问题1选项

A.Continuous

B.Continual

C.Constant

D.Contrary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项continuous“连续不断的”，指整个事发的过程都没有中断；B项continual“持续不断的”，指一再的、频繁的、反复发生的；C项constant“不变的、恒定的”；D项contrary“相反的、对立的”；句意：城邦国家之间频繁的冲突导致希腊文明最终衰落。因此该题B项正确。

12.单选题

Ifanymanheredoesnotagreewithme,heshould

（）hisownplanforimprovingthelivingconditionsofthesepeople.

问题1选项

A.puton

B.putout

C.putin

D.putforward

【答案】D

【解析】短语辨析题。puton穿上；putout把...拿出来；putin提交；putforward提出。句意：假如有人不赞同我的提议,

他应该提出自己的计划以提高这些人的生活条件。选项D符合句意。

13.单选题

Ⅵ.(Jurisprudence)

Greenbergpronouncesmyuseofthephrase“theoryofadjudication”“unusual”,andIamafraidIcanonlyreturnthecompliment,withonequalification:“theoryofadjudication”hasnostandardusageatall,sowritingasthoughthereisausualmeaningis,itself,“unusual”.Iwasquiteclear,asGreenberg’sdiscussionreveals,aboutwhatImeantbyit,andsotherealquestioniswhetheranyoneiscommittedtoaFoundationalistStoryaboutthetheoryofadjudication.Greenberg,however,makesthesurprisingclaimthatnooneissocommitted.RecognizingthatDworkinisonepossibletargetoftheRealistcritiqueasIreconstructit,Greenbergclaimsthat“theright-answerthesisisnotcentraltoDworkin’sproject.”Theright-answerthesis—theideathateverycasehasarightanswerasamatteroflaw—wouldbeanexampleofaFoundationalistStoryaboutadjudication,andsotheRealistcritiquewouldthenhaveapotent,livingtarget.WhenGreenbergclaimstheFoundationalistaspectofDworkin’stheoryisn’tcentralheisnotmakingaclaimabouttheamountofeffortDworkindevotestodefendingtheright-answerthesis,whichisobviouslysubstantial.Greenberg’srealclaimisthattheDworkinofLaw’sEmpireisnotnecessarilycommittedtotheright-answerthesis.IratheragreewithGreenbergthatDworkin“ismostconcernedtoestablish...thatlawdependsinaparticularwayonmorality”andthat“theright-answerthesis...isadownstreamconsequenceofhisoveralltheoryoflawinconjunctionwithhisviewaboutmorality”.Sofar,thisisjustacomplicatedadmissionthatDworkinacceptsaFoundationalistStoryaboutadjudication;thebestGreenbergcandoistoassert“thatmostofDworkin’sargumentscouldsucceedconsistentwiththefalsityoftheright-answerthesis.”GreenbergdoesnotshowthatthisisDworkin’sview,anditiscertainlynotDworkin’sviewinhisearlywork,sincethe“retroactivity”objectiontolegalpositivismturns,quiteclearly,onthetruthoftheright-answerthesis.GreenbergmaybecorrectthatonecouldhaveaviewaboutthenatureofmoralitydifferentthanDworkin’sandgiveuptheright-answerthesis:JohnMackiewouldbeacaseinpoint,thoughnottheoneGreenberghasinmind,andnotoneDworkinwouldbehappywith.ButnoneofthischangesthefactthattheactualRonaldDworkinholdsatheoryofadjudicationinvolvingtheFoundationalistStorybecauseheholdsaparticularviewaboutlawandmorality.

71.Greenbergpronouncestheuseofthephrase“theoryofadjudication”“unusual”.Theauthorrebutthecomment____.

72.Theessenceoftheright-answerthesisisthat___.

73.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,onecanknowthat___.

74.Readingthewholeparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?

问题1选项

A.cynically

B.byfightingback

C.withdisagreement

D.withagreement

问题2选项

A.nooneiscommittedtoaFoundationalistStoryaboutthetheoryofadjudication

B.itisnotcentraltoDworkin’sproject

C.itisapotent,livingtargetoftheRealistcritique

D.everycasehasarightanswerasamatteroflaw

问题3选项

A.GreenburgdidnotthinkofJohnMackie

B.JohnMackiegaveuptheright-answerthesis

C.DworkinwasnothappywithJohnMackie

D.JohnMackiedecidedacase,whichreflectsGreenburg’stheory

问题4选项

A.Theauthorisbasicallyafoundationalistscholar.

B.TheauthorisarguingwithMr.Greenburg.

C.TheauthordoesnotagreewithDworkingtheory.

D.Greenburgmaybecorrectinoneaspect.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】71.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文开头Greenbergpronouncesmyuseofthephrase“theoryofadjudication”“unusual”,andIamafraidIcanonlyreturnthecompliment,withonequalification:“theoryofadjudication”hasnostandardusageatall,sowritingasthoughthereisausualmeaningis,itself,“unusual”.（格林伯格宣布我使用的短语“审判理论”是“不寻常的”，恐怕我只能用一个限定词来回敬：“审判理论”根本没有标准用法，因此，似乎有通常意义的写作本身就是“不寻常的”）可知作者是通过提出自己的观点来反驳格林伯格的观点，选B选项“通过反击”；A选项“冷笑”，C选项“与之有分歧”以及D选项“与之协议”都不符合原文。因此B选项正确。

72.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字“theright-answer”定位到原文Theright-answerthesis—theideathateverycasehasarightanswerasamatteroflaw—wouldbeanexampleofaFoundationalistStoryaboutadjudication,andsotheRealistcritiquewouldthenhaveapotent,livingtarget.（正确答案命题——即每个案例在法律问题上都有正确答案的想法——将是一个关于裁决的基础主义故事的例子，因此现实主义批判就有了一个有力的、活生生的目标）可知选D选项“作为一项法律问题，每个案例都有正确答案”，同时可知A选项“没有人致力于一个关于裁决理论的基础主义故事”，C选项“它是现实主义批判的一个有力的、活生生的目标”错误，并不是正确答案命题的本质；B选项“这不是德沃金项目的中心”也不能回答正确答案命题的本质这个问题，排除。因此D选项正确。

73.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到划线句子部分GreenbergmaybecorrectthatonecouldhaveaviewaboutthenatureofmoralitydifferentthanDworkin’sandgiveuptheright-answerthesis:JohnMackiewouldbeacaseinpoint,thoughnottheoneGreenberghasinmind,andnotoneDworkinwouldbehappywith.（格林伯格可能是正确的，人们可以有一个不同于德沃金的关于道德本质的观点，并放弃正确答案的论点：约翰•麦凯将是一个恰当的例子，尽管不是格林伯格心目中的那个，也不是德沃金会满意的）可以判断出德沃金对约翰•麦凯不太满意，选C选项“德沃金对约翰•麦基不满意”；A选项“格林伯格没有想到约翰•麦基”和原文相悖；B选项“约翰•麦基放弃了正确答案的论点”划线句子未涉及，排除；D选项“约翰•麦基决定了一个案件，这反映了格林伯格的理论”和原文相悖。因此C选项符合题意。

74.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。阅读原文可知作者只是在客观的评价各个学者的观点，而不是基础主义方法论者，选A选项“作者基本上是一位基础主义学者”；根据原文Greenbergpronouncesmyuseofthephrase“theoryofadjudication”“unusual”,andIamafraidIcanonlyreturnthecompliment,withonequalification:“theoryofadjudication”hasnostandardusageatall,sowritingasthoughthereisausualmeaningis,itself,“unusual”.（格林伯格宣布我使用的短语“审判理论”是“不寻常的”，恐怕我只能用一个限定词来回敬：“审判理论”根本没有标准用法，因此，似乎有通常意义的写作本身就是“不寻常的”）可知B选项“作者正在和格林伯格先生争论”符合原文；由原文IratheragreewithGreenbergthatDworkin“ismostconcernedtoestablish...thatlawdependsinaparticularwayonmorality”andthat“theright-answerthesis...isadownstreamconsequenceofhisoveralltheoryoflawinconjunctionwithhisviewaboutmorality”.（我相当同意格林伯格的观点，即德沃金“最关心的是确定……法律以一种特定的方式依赖于道德”，“正确答案理论……是他整体法律理论和他关于道德的观点的下游结果”）可知C选项“作者不同意德沃金理论”，作者认为德沃金的理论是下游结果，以及D选项“在某一方面，格林伯格可能是正确的”符合原文。因此A选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Althoughpoliticianstendedto（）acknowledgingthisaspect-ofpolicytoopublicly,intheirmorecandidmomentstheyadmittedthatthiscureforinflationwenthandinglovewithariseinunemploymentaboveNAIRU.

问题1选项

A.steerclearto

B.steerclearingto

C.steerclearof

D.steerclearingof

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配steerclearto“避开”，句意：尽管政客们尽量避免过于公开认证这方面的政策。不存在选项A、B、D搭配。选项C符合题意。

15.填空题

Familiescomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Whodoyouincludewhenyoutalkabout“yourfamily”？Yourfamilymightbethefamilyyouwerebornintoorthefamilyyouhavecreatedwithyourpartner.Youmightincludejustyourpartner,orfamiliesoneorbothofyoubringfrompreviousrelationships.Youmightlivewithpeopleyouregardasfamilyeventhoughtheyarenotbloodrelatives.Thepossibilitiesaremany.

Familiesmaybebasedondifferentkindsofadultrelationshipsbutthethingtheyhaveincommonisthattheyprovideasenseofbelonging.Theygiveidentityandprovidesupportandsecurity.Yourfamilyismadeupofthepeopleyoucareaboutandthepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Youmightalsowanttoincludeanyclosefriendsthatyouhaveafamily-likerelationshipwith,peopleyoucanrelyonandtrust.Theserelationshipsmightbethepeopleyoulooktowhenyourextendedfamilyliveelsewhereorarenotavailabletogiveyouactivesupport.

Havingaconceptofyourfamilythatgoesbeyondmum,dadandthekidsisalsoimportantwhenadultrelationshipsbreakup.Whenparentsseparate,childrenoftenfindsecurityinwideranddifferentfamilyconnections.Oftenthesetakeindifferentgenerationsandwidercirclesoffriends.

Theword“family”canmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Butnomatterhowourfamiliesaremadeup.Mostsharesomecommonvalues.It'sworththinkingaboutwhattheseare.Whenwestartthinkingvaluesoffamilies,it'slikelythatmostfamilieswillcomeupwithafairlycommonsetofprinciples.Forinstance,mostwouldsaythesupportoneanother,trustoneanother,careforeachotherwhenthingsgettough,sharetheirresourcesandmakesureeveryoneinthefamilyissafe.

It'simportanttotalkaboutwhatbindsustogetherbecausethisishowchildrenlearnabouthowtotreatothers.Whattheylearnathomeaboutrespectingandcaringforothers,andtakingresponsibility,feedsintotheirrelationshipsatschool,onthesportsfield,atworkandeventually,intotheirownfamiliesasadults.

Sometimesparentshaven'thadtheopportunitytothinkaboutthesesortsofthings.Ortheyhavebeenraisedinfamiliesthatwerenotsafe,wheretheywereabused,hurtornotrespected.However,it'spossibletobreakthiscycle.Wecanchoosetobuildfamiliesthataredifferentfromtheoneswegrewupin.

Forinstance,therearelotsofthingswecandotomakeourfamiliesworkwell.Wecanlearnhowtocommunicatesothatourmessagesandfeelingsareunderstoodandweunderstandhowotherpeoplearefeelingandwhattheyaretryingtotellus.

Wecanalsolearnhowtoresolveconflictinsafewaysthatstrengthenourrelationshipsandreinforceourvalues.Conflictisaninevitable,naturalandhealthypartoffamilylife.Nomatterhowclosewearetosomeonewewillfinddifferences,andsomeofthesewillbeirritatingtous.Butonceweunderstandtheotherperson'spointofviewourrelationshipwiththemwillimprove.Andwecanlearnhowtomakedecisionsandplanaheadasafamily.Regardlessofourownbackground,itispossibleforustodecidewhatwewantasafamilyandtakestepstowardsmakingithappen.

Whenthepeopleyoulovemakedecisionsyoudon'tlike,doyouchoosetobelovingorwouldyouratherberight?

Youhavehighexpectationsofthepeopleyoucareabout.Youknowtheyarecapableofdoingwell.Youonlywantwhat'sbestforthem.Maybeyoualsowantwhat'sbestfromthemtoo.That'sabitdifferent.It'saboutwhatyougetratherthanwhattheyget.Lookingatitlikethatyourmotivesmightnotseemsonoble,andyourpartner,oryourteenager,oryourfriendmightbequicktopointthatoutasawayofdiscountingyourview.

Youmightsaytoyourteenager“Ireallyhopeyou'llgotoUniversity.Itwasastruggleformetogetthere.Itookyearsandhadtodoitparttime.Iwantyoutohavethechancetoenjoyitbeforeyougettieddownwithkidsandmortgages.I'mworriedthatyou'llwanttodoitlater,whenI'mnolongerinapositiontohelpyoufinancially.

Willitchangewhattheydo?Probablynot.They'llmaketheirownchoices,completewithpredictedmistakesandunexpectedtriumphs.It'snottheirjobtolivethelifeyouwantedtohave,oreventheoneyouwanttogivethem.

Willtheybefuriouswithyouforinterfering,fortellingthemwhattodo,anddoubtingtheirabilitytocompetentlymanagetheirownlife?Probablynot.Allyou'vedoneistellthemwhatyouwant,andwhattheirdecisionmeansforyou.

Whenyoutellyourownstoryandletpeopleknowhowyoufeel,yourmotivations,yourhopesandyourgoodintentionsaremuchmoreapparent.You'rebeingopenaboutwhatyouhopetogainoravoid.

Itbecomespossibleforsomeonetoappreciateyourconcerneveniftheychooseapathyoudon'tfavor.Theydon'thavetodefendthemselvesbecauseyou'renotcriticizingthem.Theydon'thavetobeattackingbecauseyouarebeingloving.Theydon'thavetoresistyou,becauseyouaren'ttryingtocontrolthem.

Concentrateontalkingaboutyou,yourexperience,yourhopesandfears.Youcan't“fix”someoneelse.Youcanaskabouttheirthoughtsandworriesanddreamsandgetamuchfullerpictureofwhatthey'redoing.

Youcanchoosetobelovingandtakegoodcareoftherelationshipyoushare.Thatwayiftheyeverdoneedadviceorencouragementorsupportyou'llbesomeonetheywanttoturnto.Beinglovingwon'tmakesomeonedancetoyourtune,butitwillhelptokeepaconnectionbetweenyou.

1.Theconceptofone'sfamilycangobeyond（）.

2.Inafamily,memberssupportoneanother,trustoneanother,careforeachotherwhenthingsgettough,andmakesureeveryoneinthefamilyissafe.Allofthiscanbesummarizeas（）.

3.Whatvalueschildrenlearnathomecanfeedsinto（）atschool,onthesportsfield,atwork,andeventuallytheirownfamiliesasadults.

4.Peoplecanbuildbetterfamiliesthatare（）theonestheygrewupinandwhichtheyfeelwereabusive.

5.Whenfamilymembersyoulovemakedecisionsonedoesn'tlike,youhavetobalancebetweenchoosingtobelovingand（）.

【答案】1.mum,dad,andthekids

2.principlesandvaluesoffamily

3.theirrelationships

4.differentfrom

5.choosingtoberight

【解析】1.根据第三段第一句“Havingaconceptofyourfamilythatgoesbeyondmum,dadandthekidsisalsoimportant...”拥有超越父母和孩子的家庭观念也很重要。

2.根据第四段的最后两句“Whenwestartthinkingvaluesoffamilies,it'slikelythatmostfamilieswillcomeupwithafairlycommonsetofprinciples.Forinstance,...”当我们开始思考家庭的价值观时,很可能大多数家庭都会提出一套相当普遍的原则,例如,大多数人会说互相支持,互相信任,当事情变得困难时互相关心,分享他们的资源,确保家庭中的每个人都是安全的。

3.根据第五段最后一句“Whattheylearnathome...,feedsintotheirrelationshipsatschool,...”他们在家里学到的关于尊重、关心他人和承担责任的东西,会在学校、运动场上、工作中融入他们的人际关系,最终会在成年后融入他们自己的家庭。

4.根据第六段最后一句“Wecanchoosetobuildfamiliesthataredifferentfromtheoneswegrewupin.”有可能打破这个循环,我们可以选择建立与我们成长环境不同的家庭。

5.根据第九段“Whenthepeopleyoulovemakedecisionsyoudon'tlike,doyouchoosetobelovingorwouldyouratherberight?”当你爱的人做出你不喜欢的决定时,你是选择去爱,还是宁愿做正确的决定?and前后结构需保持一致。

16.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

Beginninginthelate1960s,agrowingnumberofwomenexpressedastrongdissatisfactionwithanymarriagearrangementwherethehusbandandhiscareerweretheprimaryconsiderationsinthemarriage.

（1）Bytheendofthe1970s,forexample,considerablylessthanhalfofthewomeninoursocietystillbelievedthattheyshouldputtheirhusbandsandchildrenaheadoftheirowncareers.Inthe2000s,mostwomenintheUnitedStatesbelievethattheyshouldbeequalpartnersintheirmarriagesandthattheirhusbandsshouldhaveequalresponsibilityforchildcareandhouseholdchores.

（2）Inanequal-partnershipmarriage,thewifepursuesa

full-timejoborcareerwhichhasequalorgreaterimportancetoherhusband’s,whilethelong-standingdivisionoflaborbetweenhusbandandwifecomestoanend.Thehusbandisnolongerthemainprovideroffamilyincome,