考研考博-英语-四川城市职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川城市职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Becauseheis（

）,wecannotpredictwhatcoursehewillfollowatanymoment.

问题1选项

A.incoherent

B.capricious

C.sedate

D.deleterious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项incoherent“语无伦次的；不连贯的；不合逻辑的”；B选项capricious“反复无常的；任性的”；C选项sedate“安静的；沉着的”；D选项deleterious“有毒的；有害的”。句意：因为他······，所以我们无法预测他将在任何时候采取什么行动。“无法预测”与B选项“反复无常”相符合。因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

BetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesA.D.，theByzantineEmpire(拜占庭帝国)stagedanalmostunparalleledeconomicandculturalrevival,arecoverythatisallthemorestrikingbecauseitfollowedalongperiodofsevereinternaldecline.Bytheearlyeighthcentury,theempirehadlostroughlytwo-thirdsoftheterritoryithadpossessedintheyear600,anditsremainingareawasbeingraidedbyArabsandBulgarians,whoattimesthreatenedtotakeConstantinopleandextinguishedtheempirealtogether.Thewealthofthestateanditssubjectswasgreatlydiminished,andartisticandliteraryproductionhadvirtuallyceased.Bytheearlyeleventhcentury,however,theempirehadregainedalmosthalfofitslostpossessions,itsnewfrontiersweresecure,anditsinfluenceextendedfarbeyonditsborders.Theeconomyhadrecovered,thetreasurywasfull,andartandscholarshiphadadvanced.

ToconsidertheByzantinemilitary,cultural,andeconomicadvancesasdifferentiatedaspectsofasinglephenomenonisreasonable.Afterall,thesethreeformsofprogresshavegonetogetherinanumberofstatesandcivilizations.RomeunderAugustusandfifth-centuryAthensprovidethemostobviousexamplesinantiquity.Moreover,anexaminationoftheapparentsequentialconnectionsamongmilitary,economic,andculturalformsofprogressmighthelpexplainthedynamicsofhistoricalchange.

ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantiumwouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.Therefore,Byzantinemilitaryachievementsledtoeconomicadvances,whichinturnledtoculturalrevival.

Nodoubtthishypotheticalpatterndidapplyattimesduringthecourseoftherecovery.Yetitisnotclearthatmilitaryadvancesinvariablycamefirst.Economicadvancessecond,andintellectualadvancesthird.Inthe860’stheByzantineEmpirebegantorecoverfromArabincursionssothatby872themilitarybalancewiththeAbbasidCaliphatehadbeenpermanentlyalteredintheempire’sfavor.Thebeginningoftheempire’seconomicrevival,however,canbeplacedbetween810and830.Finally,theByzantinerevivaloflearningappearstohavebegunevenearlier.Anumberofnotablescholarsandwritersappearedby788and,bythelastdecadeoftheeighthcentury,aculturalrevivalwasinfullbloom,arevivalthatlasteduntilthefallofConstantinoplein1453.Thus,thecommonlyexpectedorderofmilitaryrevivalfollowedbyeconomicandthenbyculturalrecoverywasreversedinByzantium.Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.

41.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthetext?

42.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheByzantineEmpiresustainedsignificantterritoriallosses___.

43.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthormostprobablyprovidesanexplanationoftheapparentconnectionsamongeconomic,military,andculturaldevelopmentinorderto___.

44.WhichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionascrucialevidenceconcerningthemannerinwhichtheByzantinerevivalbegan?

45.Accordingtotheauthor,“Thecommonexplanation”(paragraph3)ofconnectionsbetweeneconomic,military,andculturaldevelopmentis___.

问题1选项

A.TheByzantineEmpirewasauniquecaseinwhichtheusualorderofmilitaryandeconomicrevivalprecedingculturalrevivalwasreversed.

B.Theeconomic,cultural,andmilitaryrevivalintheByzantineEmpirebetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturieswassimilarinitsordertothesequenceofrevivalinAugustanRomeandfifth-centuryAthens.

C.After810Byzantineeconomicrecoveryspurredamilitaryand,later,culturalexpansionthatlasteduntil1453.

D.TherevivaloftheByzantineEmpirebetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesshowsculturalrebirthprecedingeconomicandmilitaryrevival,thereverseofthegenerallyacceptedsequenceofprogress.

问题2选项

A.in600

B.duringtheseventhcentury

C.acenturyaftertheculturalachievementsoftheByzantineEmpirehadbeenlost

D.soonaftertherevivalofByzantinelearning

问题3选项

A.suggestthattheprocessofrevivalinByzantiumaccordswiththismodel

B.setupanorderofeventsthatisthenshowntobenotgenerallyapplicabletothecaseofByzantium

C.castaspersionsontraditionalhistoricalscholarshipaboutByzantium

D.suggestthatByzantiumrepresentsacaseforwhichnohistoricalprecedentexists

问题4选项

A.TheByzantinemilitaryrevivalofthe860’sledtoeconomicandculturaladvances.

B.TheByzantineculturalrevivallasteduntil1453.

C.TheByzantineeconomicrecoverybeganinthe900’s.

D.TherevivalofByzantinelearningbegantowardtheendoftheeighthcentury.

问题5选项

A.revolutionaryandtoonewtohavebeenappliedtothehistoryoftheByzantineEmpire

B.reasonable,butanantiquatedtheoryofthenatureofprogress

C.notapplicabletotheByzantinerevivalasawhole,butdoesperhapsaccuratelydescribelimitedperiodsduringtherevival

D.equallyapplicabletotheByzantinecaseasawholeandtothehistoryofmilitary,economic,andculturaladvancesinancientGreeceandRome

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】41.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段开头BetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesA.D.,theByzantineEmpirestagedanalmostunparalleledeconomicandculturalrevival,arecoverythatisallthemorestrikingbecauseitfollowedalongperiodofsevereinternaldecline.（在公元8世纪到11世纪之间，拜占庭帝国上演了一场几乎无与伦比的经济和文化复兴，这种复兴之所以格外引人注目，是因为它经历了一段长时间的严重内部衰退）和最后一段结尾Thus,thecommonlyexpectedorderofmilitaryrevivalfollowedbyeconomicandthenbyculturalrecoverywasreversedinByzantium.Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.（因此，在拜占庭，人们普遍期望的军事复兴，随后是经济复苏，然后是文化复苏的秩序被逆转了。事实上，拜占庭学习的复兴本身可能影响了后来的经济和军事扩张）可知选D选项“拜占庭帝国在8世纪和11世纪之间的复兴显示了经济和军事复兴之前的文化复兴，与普遍接受的进步秩序相反”；根据第二段开头ToconsidertheByzantinemilitary,cultural,andeconomicadvancesasdifferentiatedaspectsofasinglephenomenonisreasonable.Afterall,thesethreeformsofprogresshavegonetogetherinanumberofstatesandcivilizations.（将拜占庭的军事、文化和经济进步视为单一现象的不同方面是合理的。毕竟，这三种形式的进步在许多国家和文明中是同时发生）可知A选项“拜占庭帝国是一个独特的例子，在文化复兴之前，通常的军事和经济复兴的秩序被逆转了”错误，文中只是说明了拜占庭帝国的发展顺序与一般的不一样，但并未说明唯一；B选项“810年后，拜占庭的经济复苏刺激了军事和文化的扩张，这种扩张一直持续到1453年”，C选项“8世纪拜占庭学术的复兴是一种无法解释的现象，它的经济和军事先驱尚未被发现”只是文章中的部分内容，并不能概括文章主旨。因此D选项符合题意。

42.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到原文第一段Bytheearlyeighthcentury,theempirehadlostroughlytwo-thirdsoftheterritoryithadpossessedintheyear600…（到了八世纪初，帝国在公元600年失去了大约三分之二的领土）可以推断出在七世纪时拜占庭帝国遭受到了严重的领域损失，所以到八世纪初，帝国失去了大约三分之二的领土，选B选项“在七世纪”，同时可知A选项“600年”错误；C选项“拜占庭帝国的文化成就消失后的一个世纪”和D选项“拜占庭学习复兴后不久”和原文不符，排除。因此B选项正确。

43.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到第三段ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantiumwouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.Therefore,Byzantinemilitaryachievementsledtoeconomicadvances,whichinturnledtoculturalrevival.（在拜占庭的例子中，对这些明显联系的一般解释是这样的：当帝国拒绝了敌人对自己领土的袭击，并开始突袭和征服敌人的领土时，拜占庭的资源自然扩大了，更多的钱可以用来资助艺术和文学。因此，拜占庭的军事成就导致了经济的发展，经济的发展反过来又导致了文化的复兴）证明拜占庭的情况和常见的事件顺序不一样，则选B选项“建立一个事件的顺序，然后显示不普遍适用于拜占庭的情况”，同时可知A选项“认为拜占庭的复兴过程符合这个模式”错误；C选项“对关于拜占庭的传统历史学术进行诽谤”不是作者的意图，在文章中看不到与之相关的线索；D选项“表明拜占庭代表了一个没有历史先例的案例”也未在原文确定。因此B选项正确。

44.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。定位到最后一段Thebeginningoftheempire’seconomicrevival,however,canbeplacedbetween810and830.Finally,theByzantinerevivaloflearningappearstohavebegunevenearlier.（然而，罗马帝国的经济复苏开始于810年至830年之间。最后，拜占庭式的学习复兴似乎更早开始）以及最后一句Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.（事实上，拜占庭学习的复兴本身可能影响了后来的经济和军事扩张）可知选D选项“拜占庭学习的复兴开始于8世纪末”，同时可知A选项“拜占庭军事的复兴导致了经济和文化的进步”和C选项“拜占庭的经济复苏开始于900年”错误；B选项“拜占庭文化的复兴持续到1453年”在原文中有提及，但是不符合题目所问关于拜占庭复兴方式的关键证据，排除。因此D选项正确。

45.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第三段ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantiumwouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.（在拜占庭的例子中，对这些明显联系的一般解释是这样的：当帝国拒绝了敌人对自己领土的袭击，并开始突袭和征服敌人的领土时，拜占庭的资源自然扩大了，更多的钱可以用来资助艺术和文学）以及结合第四段开头Nodoubtthishypotheticalpatterndidapplyattimesduringthecourseoftherecovery.（毫无疑问，在经济复苏的过程中，这种假设模式有时确实适用）可知选C选项“不适用于拜占庭的整个复兴，但可能准确地描述了复兴期间的有限时期”，同时可知A选项“革命性的，太新了，不适合应用于拜占庭帝国的历史”以及D选项“同样适用于整个拜占庭案件以及古希腊和罗马的军事、经济和文化进步的历史”错误；B选项“合理的，但是一个关于进步本质的过时的理论”原文未涉及，排除。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Youshouldn’tgotoworktoday,itisrainingsohard.（）youstillhaveatemperature.

问题1选项

A.Therefore

B.Nevertheless

C.Moreover

D.Despite

【答案】C

【解析】逻辑关系。根据句意可知，前后构成递进的关系，选项中只有Moreover表示递进，所以选项C正确。

4.单选题

Oneofthereasonsforhispopularityinourvillageisthathe（）almosteveryoneeverytimewhenhecomesbackfromthebigcity.

问题1选项

A.asksafter

B.runsfor

C.bringsup

D.takesafter

【答案】A

【解析】askafter探问,问候；runfor竞选；bringup提出；takeafter与…相像。句意：他在我们村里受欢迎的原因之一是,他几乎每次从大城市回来都会问候所有人。选项A符合语境。

5.单选题

WhileIcouldnot（）thewordsoutsidethethickglasswindows,theirmiddlefingersspokeloudly.

问题1选项

A.wearout

B.setout

C.makeout

D.findout

【答案】C

【解析】考查语义关系。A选项wearout“耗尽、疲乏”；B选项setout“动身、出发”；C选项makeout“理解、辨认”；D选项findout“查明、找出”，句意为：厚厚的玻璃窗外的话我听不清，但他们的中指竖了起来。因此选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproducesintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageis（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?

3.Thereadercanconcludethat

（

）.

4.Theauthorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof

（

）.

5.Thewords"priorto"(Para.2)probablymean（

）.

问题1选项

A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply

B.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

C.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems

D.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

问题2选项

A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.

B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater

C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation

D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals

问题3选项

A.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblems

B.byproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace

C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies

D.someindustriesarenowaskingeconomicuseofwastes

问题4选项

A.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrols

B.opinionsandpersonalobservations

C.definitionswhichclarifyimportantterms

D.strongargumentsandpersuasions

问题5选项

A.after

B.during

C.before

D.beyond

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文第一段首先指出未来的水问题将变得更加严重和复杂，尤其是污水问题。接下来在二三段主要讲解决污水问题的方法。所以本文主要的目的是为了让人们了解污水问题，选项C正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“..increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.”可知选项B和C有涉及；根据第一段倒数第二句“Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.”可知选项D有涉及。只有选项A在文中没有信息提及。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.”其他行业正在探索废弃产物的潜在经济用途。选项D与原文表述一致。

4.判断推理题。从全文来看，作者只是在表达个人的观点以及陈述个人观察的结果:介绍水污染及其解决办法，所以选项B正确。

5.词汇题。根据句意可知，“theprocessingofsolidwastes”应该是在“disposal”之前，所以选项C正确。

7.单选题

Intheprocessofacquiringknowledge,asmuchcanbelearnedfromseekingasfromfinding,fromjourneysasfrom（

）.

问题1选项

A.travel

B.destination

C.instruction

D.seeking

【答案】B

【解析】根据句意可知,“seeking”和“finding”相对,那么填空处的词应该与“journeys”相对,首先排除选项D;其次选项A与之意思相同,也可排除;选项C不符合句意;只有选项B正确。

8.单选题

Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One’sphysicalassetsandliabilitiesdon’tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmorethan1,000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so-beautifulpeople.Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion:Looksdomatter,morethanmostofusrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysicallyattractiveindividualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheirparents,soughtoutasfriends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossibleexceptionofwomenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelytobehired,paidwell,andpromoted.

Onceagain,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpieties（虔诚）whileactingjustthecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.Theygiveeachmemberofagroup-collegestudents,orteachersorcorporatepersonnelmangers—apieceofpaperrelatinganindividual’saccomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapersallsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowastrikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsomeanunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtoratetheindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthtothelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.Inthephrase,borrowedfromSappho,thatthesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatisbeautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.AUtahStateUniversityprofessor,whoisanauthorityonthesubject,explains:Intermsoftheircareers,theimpactofphysicalattractivenessonmalesisonlymodest.Butitspotentialimpactonfemalescanbetremendous,makingiteasier,forexample,forthemoreattractivetogetjobswheretheyareinthepubliceye.Onanothernote,though,thereisenoughliteraturenowforustoconcludethatattractivewomenwhoaspire（追求）tomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.

1.Accordingtothepassage,peopleoftenwronglybelievethatinpursuingacareerasamanager_______.

2.Theresultofresearchcarriedoutbysocialscientistsshowthat______.

3.Experimentsbyscientistshaveshownthatwhenpeopleevaluateindividualsoncertainattributes________.

4.“Goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen”（Line1，Para.5）meansthat______.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthebusinessworld______.

问题1选项

A.aperson’spropertyordebtsdonotmattermuch

B.aperson’soutwardappearanceisnotacriticalqualification

C.womenshouldalwaysdressfashionably

D.womenshouldnotonlybeattractivebutalsohigh-minded

问题2选项

A.peopledonotrealizetheimportanceoflookingone’sbest

B.womeninpursuitofmanagerialjobsarenotlikelytobepaidwell

C.good-lookingwomenaspiretomanagerialpositions

D.attractivepeoplegenerallyhaveanadvantageoverthosewhoarenot

问题3选项

A.theyobservetheprinciplethatbeautyisonlyskin-deep

B.theydonotusuallyactaccordingtotheviewstheysupport

C.theygiveordinary-lookingpersonsthelowestratings

D.theytendtobasetheirjudgmentontheindividual’saccomplishments

问题4选项

A.attractivewomenhavetremendouspotentialimpactonpublicjobs

B.good-lookingwomenalwaysgetthebestofeverything

C.beingattractiveisnotalwaysanadvantageforwomen

D.attractivewomendonotdoaswellasunattractivewomeninmanagerialpositions

问题5选项

A.handsomemenarenotaffectedasmuchbytheirlooksasattractivewomenare

B.physicallyattractivewomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallydoquitewell

C.physicallyattractivemenandwomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallygetalongquitewell

D.goodlooksareimportantforwomenastheyareformen

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.”，可知很多人误解地认为美是肤浅的。后一句“Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.”，说明女性应该让自己看起来最好才是作者想要表达的正确观点。选项B符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第四段，“…thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.”，照片上的人越漂亮，评价就越高，说明外貌是一个优势。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段，“thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjustthecontrary.”，说明我们嘴上说着虔诚的话，但是实际行动却是相反的，也就是不会根据自己支持的观点行事。选项B符合题意。

4.语义题。根据文章第五段，“…womenwhoaspiretomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.”说明有足够的研究表明外表有吸引力的女性不如外表没有吸引力的女性工作那么出色。所以外表并不总是能带来优势。选项C符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.”，说明在事业中，外貌的吸引力对女性的影响大于男性。选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）todirectorofthepresident’soffice.

问题1选项

A.pushed

B.purchased

C.promoted

D.promised

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。push“推”；purchase“购买”；promote“提升”；promise“承诺”。句意：格林先生最近升任为董事长办公室主任了。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Thissummittalkisthoughttobeinstrumentalinbringingaboutpeaceinthisregion.

问题1选项

A.helpful

B.useless

C.harmless

D.inappropriate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。instrumental表示“有帮助的，乐器的”；A项helpful“有帮助的”，B项useless“无用的”，C项harmless“无害的，无恶意的”，D项inappropriate“不适当的，不相称的”。句意：人们认为，这次首脑会谈有助于在该地区实现和平。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。

11.单选题

Amongthemanysubjectsinschool,mathematicsisprobablythemost（）one,dependingleastonastudent’sbackgroundandculture.

问题1选项

A.universal

B.abstract

C.arbitrary

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在学校的许多科目中，数学可能是最全球化的一门，因为它丝毫不会取决于学生的文化背景。

考查形容词辨析。universal普遍的，通用的，全世界的；abstract抽象的，纯理论的;arbitrary任意的，武断的，专制的;concrete实在的,具体的。根据后面句意“因为它丝毫不会取决于学生的文化背景”可知这里应该指数学可能是最全球化的一门学科。

12.单选题

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends―nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat’smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnogurus(领袖)promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-andtime-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommoditizedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime―oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Wgeneration?

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat______.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe______.

问题1选项

A.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward

B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

C.technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality

D.technologyshouldbeaggressivelychampioned

问题2选项

A.Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

B.Tgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

C.Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

D.Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

问题3选项

A.Technologicalwonders.

B.Accesstoinformation.

C.Time

D.Time-savingdevices.

问题4选项

A.socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology

B.generationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations

C.thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility

D.technologymightmakepeoplelessimpatient

问题5选项

A.TheNewInternetLife

B.TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess

C.TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance

D.TheDecliningQualityofLife

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?“No,quitecontrary.”（我们在工作、家庭和社区的生活质量是否与我们生活中引入的所有新互联网和企业对企业的互联网服务成正比？“不，完全相反。”）可知C选项“技术实际上导致了他们生活质量的下降”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.（相反，本应解放我们的科技奇迹，却开始把我们束缚在一个似乎无法轻易摆脱的联系网中）但并不是说网络一代变成了技术的奴隶，因此选B。

3.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.（我们的每一个空闲时间都充满了某种形式的商业联系，使时间本身成为所有资源中最稀缺的）可知选C。

4.推理判断题。文章第六段中的Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?（有没有人问过，高速发展的文化是否让我们所有人都变得不那么有耐心，不太愿意倾听、推迟、考虑和反思？）可知D选项“科技可能会使人失去耐心”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科技给人们生活带来的负面影响，因此B选项“使用过多的缺点”符合题意。

13.单选题

Imusttakethiswatchtoberepaired;it（

）overtwentyminutesaday.

问题1选项

A.increases

B.progresses

C.accelerates

D.gains

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项increases“增加”；B选项progresses“进步”；C选项accelerates“加速”；D选项gains“获得，（钟表等）走快”。句意：我必须去把表修一修，这块表每天（）超过二十分钟。从句意可以看出表坏了，具体是因为每天多走20多分钟，这里符合题意的只有D选项，答案选D。

14.单选题

Threeyearsago,FrenchentrepreneurGaryCigewashelpingafriendhangamirrorinhiscountryhousewhentheyrealizedtheyneededadrill.Butwheretogetone?Buyingonewouldcost150Euros,ahugewasteconsideringtheyneededitforonlyhalfanhour.AndsinceitwasSunday,everyrentalshopwouldbeclosed.YetasCigerealized,theywerelikelysurroundedbydrills.Oddsare,atleastoneofhisfriend’sneighborshadadrillthatwassittingidle.Whywasn’ttheresomeeasywaytofindadrilltorent—forjustafewbucks?

Propelledbythatidea,CigecofoundedZilok,astartupthatofferspreciselythisservice:Peoplepostpossessionsthey’rewillingtorentout,alongwithaprice.Cige’sWebsiteprocessesthefee,tracksthereputationofyourrentingpartner,and—inFrance—evenissuesinsuranceforyouritem.Aftertwoyearsinbusiness,Zilokhas150,000itemslisted,with6,000transactionsamonth,andit’sthefastest-growingrenterofcarsinFrance.

Peertopeerrenting—andsimilarservices—hasboomedinthepastfewyears.SomeworklikeZilok,whileothersletpeopleexchangethingstheyown(suchasbookandCDsatSwaptree).Afewevenletyoutakeadvantageofspacethat’slyingfallow,likeSharedEarth,wherelandownershookupwithgardeners.

Inessence,we’reseeinganewrelationshiptoproperty—whereaccesstrumpsownership.We’reusingbitstohelpusshareatoms.Thegeniusofthesesitesisthattheym