考研考博-英语-天津医学高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津医学高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

To____forhisunpleasantexperienceshedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.

问题1选项

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项commence“开始，着手”；B选项compromise“妥协，和解”；C选项compensate“补偿，弥补”；D选项compliment“恭维，称赞”。句意：为了____他不愉快的经历，他喝多了一点。根据句意，C选项compensate较符合，空格后的介词for提示我们，空格处应填compensate，构成短语compensatefor，其他选项均不跟介词for搭配。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

2.翻译题

中国具有数倍于法国（France）那么大的面积（area）。

【答案】TheareaofChinaisseveraltimesthesizeofthatofFrance.

3.单选题

Ifleadership,asitsmostbasicmeaning,（1）gettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’s

（2）tools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolis（3）theirgrasp,availableonly（4）thecharismaticandtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,

（5）experimentalpsychologistshave（6）whichmethodsreliablyleadpeopleto

（7）,comply,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.

Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilar（8）themthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,

（9）peerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarenotonlylikethembutwholikethemaswell.Soitis（10）thetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffer（11）praise.Third,experiments（12）theintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It'sa

（13）policytodoafavor（14）

seekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyand（15）.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydo（16）experts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’s（17）.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommodity

（18）it’sscarce;it

（19）,then,that（20）informationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.

问题1选项

A.consistsin

B.consistsof

C.constitutesof

D.composesof

问题2选项

A.fundamental

B.rudimentary

C.elementary

D.essential

问题3选项

A.beyond

B.within

C.in

D.out

问题4选项

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

问题5选项

A.though

B.although

C.eventhough

D.but

问题6选项

A.studied

B.learned

C.examined

D.investigated

问题7选项

A.cede

B.concede

C.recede

D.retreat

问题8选项

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

问题9选项

A.register

B.list

C.enlist

D.enroll

问题10选项

A.worth

B.worthof

C.worthwith

D.worthy

问题11选项

A.authentic

B.genuine

C.real

D.true

问题12选项

A.affirm

B.confirm

C.testify

D.verify

问题13选项

A.best

B.correct

C.sound

D.valid

问题14选项

A.as

B.while

C.after

D.before

问题15选项

A.explicitly

B.implicitly

C.exultantly

D.introspectively

问题16选项

A.deny

B.deferto

C.conferto

D.referto

问题17选项

A.self-contained

B.self-possessed

C.self-opinionated

D.self-evident

问题18选项

A.where

B.when

C.whether

D.evenif

问题19选项

A.obeys

B.abides

C.follows

D.happens

问题20选项

A.exclusive

B.inclusive

C.scarce

D.reliable

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:C

第9题:D

第10题:A

第11题:B

第12题:C

第13题:C

第14题:B

第15题:A

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:B

第19题:D

第20题:B

【解析】（1）词组辨析题。A选项consistin“在于”；选项B和D都表示“由…组成或构成”的意思；C选项constitute为及物动词，后面不需要接介词of。所以只有选项A符合原文。句意：如果领导力，作为其最基本的含义，在于通过他人完成任务…。

（2）形容词辨析题。A选项fundamental“基本的，根本的”；B选项rudimentary“初步的”；C选项elementary“初级的”；D选项essential“必要的”。根据原文可知，这里指“必要的工具”，所以选项D符合原文。

（3）考查固定搭配。beyondone'sgrasp意为“鞭长莫及”，原文指“超出能力范围”。句意：许多高管认为，这一工具超出了他们的掌握范围。所以选项A符合原文。

（4）介词辨析题。beavailablefor指“有效，对…有用”；beavailableto指“可被...利用或得到的”；选项A和D则无此搭配。句意：（这一工具）只有有魅力和有口才的人才能使用。原文中的主语是“thistool”，工具是被利用，所以选项C正确。

（5）考查逻辑连接词。根据原文可知，这里应填入表示让步的逻辑关系连词，所以首先排除选项D，but表转折。而选项B和C只能位于句首，所以只有选项A正确，though既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。

（6）逻辑推理题。根据原文可知，这里指实验心理学家已经研究了一些可靠的方法，所以选项A更符合语境。选项C和D都是调查的意思，不符合语境。

（7）逻辑推理题。根据下文的“comply,orchange”可知，填空处应填入与这两个词意思相近的单词。A选项cede“放弃，割让”；B选项concede“让步，退让”；C选项recede“后退，撤回”；D选项retreat“撤退”。选项B更符合语境。

（8）介词辨析题。besimilarto为固定介词搭配，意为“与…相似”，所以选项C正确。

（9）动词辨析题。A选项register“登记”；B选项list“列清单”；C选项enlist“使入伍”；D选项enroll“使加入，招收”。根据原文句意：明智的管理者会招募同伴来帮助他们。选项D更符合语境。

（10）考查固定搭配。Itisworththetimetodosth.为固定句型，意为“值得花时间去做某事”，所以选项A正确。

（11）近义词辨析题。四个选项都有“真实的，真正的”意思，但是根据原文的语境，这里指的是“给予真诚的赞扬”。只有选项B有“真诚的，诚挚的”意思，所以更恰当。

（12）动词辨析题。A选项affirm“断言，确认”；B选项confirm“确认，批准”；C选项testify“证明，证实”；D选项verify“核实，查证”。原文句意：实验证明了直觉的真理，选项C更符合句意。

（13）考查固定搭配。soundpolicy为固定搭配，意为“明智的做法”。选项C正确。

（14）考查逻辑连接词。跟据原文句意：在寻求帮助的同时给予帮助是一个明智的做法。选项B符合原文语境。

（15）副词辨析题。A选项explicitly“明确地”；B选项implicitly“含蓄地”；C选项exultantly“欢欣鼓舞地”；D选项introspectively“好反省地”。根据原文可知，填空处应填入和voluntarily“自动地，自愿地”意思相近的词，选项A更符合语境。

（16）词组辨析题。A选项deny“否认，拒绝”；B选项deferto“尊重，听从”；C选项conferto“授予，给予”；D选项referto“参考，涉及”。原文指人们很尊重专家。所以选项B符合原文。

（17）形容词辨析题。A选项self-contained“独立的”；B选项self-possessed“镇静的”；C选项self-opinionated“固执己见的”；D选项self-evident“不言而喻的”。根据原文句意：因此，在试图施加影响之前，高管们应该努力建立自己的专长，而不是想当然地认为这是不言而喻的。选项D符合语境。

（18）考查逻辑连接词。根据原文：当商品稀缺时，人们想要更多的商品。When在这里引导时间状语从句，所以选项B正确。

（19）考查固定搭配。Ithappensthat意思是“（有时、往往）会发生；恰巧”。所以选项D正确。

（20）名词辨析题。A选项exclusive“独有的，排外的”；B选项inclusive“包含在内的”；C选项scarce“缺乏的，不足的”；D选项reliable“可靠的”。句意：有时包容性的信息比大量存在的数据更有说服力。选项B更符合语境。

4.单选题

noticedthatmostofrocksamplesshowedsignsofdamagefromthepoortreatmenttheyhadreceivedinthelaboratory.

问题1选项

A.noticed

B.mostofrocksamples

C.signsofdamagefrom

D.hadreceivedinthe

【答案】B

【解析】冠词误用。rock前加the。由mostof后面跟名词短语时一般需在名词短语前添加定冠词“the”。

5.单选题

Turningcultivatedlandbackintoforestsorpastureisafundamentalwaytostemsoil（

）anddesertificationinthelongrun.

问题1选项

A.erosion

B.depletion

C.violation

D.delusion

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。erosion“侵蚀，腐蚀”；depletion“消耗，损耗”；violation“违反”；delusion“欺骗，迷惑”。句意：将耕地退耕为森林或者草原是阻止土壤侵蚀和荒漠化的根本方法。选项A符合题意。

6.填空题

YouandIdon’tneedanyoneelse’sassistance.Wecansolvetheseproblemsby（

）.

句意:我和你都不需要其它任何人的帮助。我们靠我们自己可以解决问题。

【答案】ourselves

【解析】固定搭配。byourselves依靠自己独立完成。

7.单选题

Everystreethadastory,everybuildingamemory.Thoseblessedwithwonderfulchildhoodscandrivethestreetsoftheirhometownsandhappilyrollbacktheyears.Therestarepulledhomebydutyandleaveassoonaspossible.AfterRayAtleehadbeeninClanton(hishometown)forfifteenminuteshewasanxioustogetout.

Thetownhadchanged,butthenithadn't.Onthehighwaysleadingin,thecheapmetalbuildingsandmobilehomesweregatheringastightlyaspossiblenexttotheroadsformaximumvisibility.Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.Onlyhogfarmsandnuclearreactorsrequiredapprovalsandpaperwork.Theresultwasaslash-and-buildclutterthatgotuglierbytheyear.

Butintheoldersections,nearerthesquare,thetownhadnotchangedatall.ThelongshadedstreetswereascleanandneataswhenRayroamedthemonhisbike.Mostofthehouseswerestillownedbypeopleheknew,orifthosefolkshadpassedonthenewownerskeptthelawnsclippedandtheshutterspainted.Onlyafewwerebeingneglected.Ahandfulhadbeenabandoned.

ThisdeepinBiblecountry,itwasstillanunwrittenruleinthetownthatlittlewasdoneonSundaysexceptgotochurch,sitonporches,visitneighbours,restandrelaxthewayGodintended.

Itwascloudy,quitecoolforMay,andashetouredhisoldturf,killingtimeuntiltheappointedhourforthefamilymeeting,hetriedtodwellonthegoodmemoriesfromClanton.TherewasDizzyDeanParkwherehehadplayedlittleLeagueforthePirates,andtherewasthepublicpoolhe'dswumineverysummerexcept1969whenthecitycloseditratherthanadmitblackchildren.Therewerethechurches-Baptist.MethodistandPresbyterian-facingeachotherattheintersectionofSecondandElmlikewarysentries,theirsteeplescompetingforheight.Theywereemptynow.butinanhourorsothemorefaithfulwouldgatherforeveningservices.

Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.Witheightthousandpeople,Clantonwasjustlargeenoughtohaveattractedthediscountstoresthathadwipedoutsomanysmalltowns.Butherethepeoplehadbeenfaithfultotheirdowntownmerchants,andtherewasn'tasingleemptyorboarded-upbuildingaroundthesquare—nosmallmiracle.Theretailshopsweremixedinwiththebanksandlawofficesandcafes,allclosedfortheSabbath.

HeinchedthroughthecemeteryandsurveyedtheAtleesectionintheoldpart,wherethetombstonesweregander.Someofhisancestorshadbuiltmonumentsfortheirdead.Rayhadalwaysassumedthatthefamilymoneyhe'dneverseenmusthavebeenburiedinthosegraves.Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.ShewasburiedamongtheAtlees,atthefaredgeofthefamilyplotbecauseshehadbarelybelonged.

Soon,inlessthananhour,hewouldbesittinginhisfather'sstudy,sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.

Movingagain,Raypassedthewatertowerhe'dclimbedtwice,thesecondtimewiththeDolicewairingbelow.Hegrimacedathisoldhighschool,aplacehe'dnevervisitedsincehe'dleftit.BehinditwasthefootballfieldwherehisbrotherForresthadrompedoveropponentsandalmostbecamefamousbeforegeeingbouncedofftheteam.

Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wegettheimpressionthat（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesdoesNOTdescribeRay'shometown?

3.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweenRayandhisparentswas

（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatRay'sfatherwasallEXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.Raycherishedhischildhoodmemories

B.Rayhadsomethingurgenttotakecareof

C.Raymaynothaveahappychildhood

D.Raycannotrememberhischildhooddays

问题2选项

A.Lifeless

B.Religious

C.Traditional

D.Quiet

问题3选项

A.close

B.remote

C.tense

D.impossibletotell

问题4选项

A.considerate

B.punctual

C.thrifty

D.dominant.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段的内容“每一条街道都有一个故事，造就一段回忆。那些拥有美好的童年的人能够随着街道回到家乡，回到那些快乐的时光。而剩下的人则是由于责任返回家乡，然后尽可能快的离开。RayAtlee在他的家乡克林顿待了15分钟后，迫不及待的想要离开。”由此可推断，RayAtlee很明显属于第二类人，说明他没有快乐的童年，选项C符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第六段首句“Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.”可知选项A正确；根据第四段的内容“在这个圣经国度的深处，星期天除了去教堂、坐在门廊上、拜访邻居、按照神的旨意休息和放松外，几乎什么也不做，这在镇上还是不成文的规矩。”可知选项B符合原文；根据第二段三四句“Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.这个城镇没有任何的区域划分。土地所有者可以在没有许可证、没有检查、没有通知毗邻土地所有者的情况下建造任何东西，什么都不做。”由此可推断，这个城镇是传统的，选项C正确；只有选项D在文中没有提及，所以本题选D。

3.判断推断题。根据倒数第四段“Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.他停好车之后走到母亲的坟墓前，这是他多年来从未做过的事。”以及倒数第三段“...sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,...他一边喝着劣质的速溶茶，一边接受有关如何安葬他父亲的指示。又即将给予许多命令、规定和指示...”说明父亲对他的严厉。由此可推断，Ray和他父母的关系是疏远的，所以选项B正确。

4.细节事实题。根据最后一段“Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.”根据家庭会议的时间可推测出Ray的父亲很守时，选项A正确；根据倒数第三段提及的父亲书房里的劣质速溶茶“badinstanttea”可推测他的父亲很节俭；根据倒数第三段最后一句“Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.”可推断出他的父亲占主导地位，选项D正确；只有选项A在文中没有提及，所以本题选A。

8.单选题

Mechanizationhasgradually（）manyoftheranchingandagriculturaljobsonceavailabletotheIndians,andfewindustrieshavebeenattractedtothearea.

问题1选项

A.disposed

B.eliminated

C.discarded

D.terminated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:disposed“处置”；B:eliminated“排除，消除；淘汰”；C:discarded“丢弃，抛弃”；D:terminated“结束；使终结”。句意：机械化逐渐使印度淘汰了许多牧场和农业工作，而这地区很少吸引到工业。结合此处语境，工业化应该是减少了农牧业工作，因此B为正确答案。

9.单选题

JapanbecamethetopinvestmentdestinationforChinesepropertyinvestmentin2014duetothe（）oftheJapaneseyen.

问题1选项

A.attachment

B.amendment

C.depreciation

D.abbreviation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项attachment表示“附件，依恋”；B选项amendment表示“修正，改正”；C选项depreciation表示“折旧，贬值”；D选项abbreviation表示“缩写，简写”。由原文句意可知，2014年日本成为中国房地产投资的首选投资目的地是因为日元（）。因此，depreciation最符合句意，故本题正确答案为C选项。

10.单选题

Donotpadyourpaperwith______matters;sticktoessentialitemsonly.

问题1选项

A.extrinsic

B.extant

C.extraneous

D.extrovert

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项extrinsic表示“外在的，外来的”，B项extant表示“现存的，显著的”，C项extraneous表示“没有直接联系的，无关的”，D项extrovert为名词，表示“外向，外倾者”。根据后面的句子sticktoessentialitemsonly（只做重要的事情），结合前面的否定donot可知，空格处要填入一个与essential相反的词语，因此，“无关的”符合语境。句意：不要用不相干的东西填满你的纸，只做重要的事情。因此，该题选择C项正确。

11.单选题

ThedominantmodelofAmericanlegaleducationremainsoneinwhichstudentsaretaughthowtoargueaggressively,withnoquartergivenortaken,andhowtofightanopposingviewpointwith（）technicalskill.

问题1选项

A.programmed

B.un-programmed

C.uncompromising

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。programmed“程序化的”；un-programmed“非程序化的”；uncompromising“不妥协的，坚定的”；promising“有希望的，有前途的”。句意：美国法律教育的主导模式仍然是这样一种模式:学生们被教导如何进行激烈的辩论，不退缩也不接受对方的怜悯，以及如何以毫不妥协的技巧与对立的观点进行斗争。选项C符合题意。

12.单选题

Inthelongrun,thenewsystem,whichisuniformandsimpler,willsavemoney.

问题1选项

A.Inthecourseoflongexperience

B.Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties

C.Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople

D.Inthelightofeconomicreckoning

【答案】A

【解析】考查词义辨析。Inthelongrun表示“从长远看”；A项Inthecourseoflongexperience“在长期经验的过程中”，B项Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties“因为财政困难”，C项Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople“以富民的观点”，D项Inthelightofeconomicreckoning“根据经济计算”。句意：从长远来看，统一且更简单的新系统将节省资金。因此A项正确。

13.单选题

Thepersonwho（）thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

问题1选项

A.originated

B.manufactured

C.generated

D.estimated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:发起这类研究的人值得夸奖。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。originate创立；开创；发明；manufacture制造，生产；加工；generate引起；产生；estimate估计；预测；评价。因此A项符合句意。

14.单选题

Anetworkofminiaturetoxindetectorshasbeen（

）in30Americancitiesforthesakeofbio-security.

问题1选项

A.deployed

B.committed

C.indulged

D.immersed

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。A选项deploy“部署，有效利用”；B选项commit“犯罪，保证”;C选项indulge“沉溺”；D选项immerse“沉浸，陷入”；根据主语‘Anetworkofminiaturetoxindetectors微型毒素探测器网络’确定A选项正确。

15.翻译题

Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispartwith5sentencesunderlined.YouarerequiredtotranslatethosesentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.ReadthefollowingshortpassagescarefullyandONLYtranslatethe5sentencesthatareunderlined.

(1)ElNinoisanintermittentdisruptionoftheclimatesystemcenteredintheequatorialPacificthathaseffectsonshort-termclimatearoundthePacificbasin.

TounderstandElNino,itisnecessarytounderstandthenormaltrade-windsysteminthetropicalPacific.(2)Thesunheatstheequatorialregionsmorestronglythantherestoftheglobe,soairtendstorisefromthesurfacethere,replacedbyinflowfromthesubtropics.TheCoriolisEffectturnstheseinflowstotherightinthenorthernhemisphereandtotheleftinthesouthern,resultinginthegreattrade-windbeltsthatblowequatorwardandwestwardoverthewidthofthetropicalPacific.(3)Intheocean,thesewindstendtopushthesurfacewatertowardsthewest,sosealevelatIndonesiaisabout50cmhigherthanattheSouthAmericancoast,whichgivesanideaofthepowerandsteadinessofthetradewinds.Assurfacewaterispushedwest,coolersubsurfacewaterisdrawnuptothesurfaceintheeasternequatorialPacific.Thisupwelledwaterisnutrientrich,andsupportsalargepopulationofmarineandbirdlife,aswellasanimportantfisheryoffthecoastofPeruandEcuador.(4)Then,duringitsjourneywest,surfacewaterisheatedbythesuntotemperaturesofabout29℃overahugeareawestofthedateline,knownasthewestPacificwarmpool,wheretheoceanisroughly6℃higherthanwhenthewatercametothesurfaceintheeast.Thisairisalsoveryhumidduetoitslongpassageoverthetropicalocean,andwhenitrisesinthewestheavyprecipitinisproducedoverIndonesiaandSoutheastAsia.

Thewarmpoolisoneofthemajordrivingforcesofworldclimate.Itswarmthstrengthenstherisingmotioninthewestandtherebyreinforcesthewestwardwindsofthetradewindsystem.(5)Therising,moisture-ladenairpumpsheatandwatervaporintotheupperatmosphere,whereitcanbecarriedgreatdistances.Thehugesourceofheathelpssetthepathofthejetstreamsthatcontroltemperate-zoneweather,muchasalargerockinastreamdeterminesthepatternofwaterflow,includingwaverymotionsthatextendwelldownstreamoftherock.Therefore,whenthewarmpoolchangesshapeorposition,theeffectsrippleoutwardtoaffectmuchoftheworld’sweather.

【答案】1.厄尔尼诺现象是一种以赤道太平洋为中心的气候系统的间歇性中断，对太平洋盆地周围的短期气候产生影响。

2.太阳对赤道地区的加热要比地球上其他地区强烈得多，所以那里的空气往往会从表面上升，取而代之的是来自亚热带的流入。

3.在海洋中，这些风倾向于将表层海水推向西部，因此印度尼西亚的海平面比南美洲海岸高出约50厘米，这让我们了解了信风的力量和稳定性。

4.然后，在它向西航行的过程中，地表水在一个巨大的国际日期变更线以西的区域被太阳加热到约29摄氏度，这片区域被称为西太平洋暖池，那里的海洋温度比海水到达东方表面时大约高出6摄氏度。

5.上升的充满水分的空气将热量和水蒸气抽到高层大气中，在那里它们可以被带去很远的地方。

16.单选题

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.

问题1选项

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.muchlessreading

D.stillmorereading

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.muchmoretoread要读得更多

B.muchlesstoread更不用说去读

C.muchlessreading更不用说读D.stillmorereading仍然更多的阅读

【考查点】比较级的用法。

【解题思路】句子中谓语动词find的真正宾语是toread…，所以比较成分中同样要用to的不定式；而muchless为常见用法，表示“更不用说”，符合句子意思。故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】

A选项不符合句子意思，与主句语意相矛盾；

C、D选项中的reading和主句中宾语成分结构不对等。

【句意】事实上，几乎每一位科学家现在都发现，要读完与自己学科相关的所有著作是不可能的，更不用说广泛阅读学科之外的著作了。

17.单选题

Youneedtorewritethissentencebecauseitis

;thereaderswillhavedifficultyinunderstandingit.

问题1选项

A.comprehensive

B.alternative

C.confused

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Comprehensive“综合的”；alternative“供选择的”；confused“困惑的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：你需要重写这个句子，因为它模糊不清，读者理解起来会有困难。选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

Foryears,doctorsadvisedtheirpatientsthattheonlythingtakingmultivitaminsdoesisgivethemextensiveurine(尿).Afterall,truevitamindeficienciesarepracticallyunheardofinindustrializedcountries.Nowitseemsthatthosedoctorsmayhavebeenwrong.Theresultsofagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatevenamodestvitaminshortfallcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.Althoughproofofthebenefitsofmultivitaminsisstillfarfromcertain,thefewdollarsyouspendonthemisprobablyagoodinvestment.

Oratleastthat’stheargumentputforwardintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.Ideally,saidDr.WalterWillettandDr.MeirStampferofHarvard,allvitaminsupplementswouldbeevaluatedinscientificallyrigorousclinicaltrials.Butthosestudiescantakealongtimeandoftenraisemorequestionsthantheyanswer.Atsomepoint,whileresearchersworkonfiguringoutwherethetruthlies,itjustmakessensetosaythepotentialbenefitoutweighsthecost.

Thebestevidencetodateconcernsfolate（叶酸）,oneoftheBvitamins.It’sbeenprovedtolimitthenumberofdefectsinembryos（胚胎）,andarecenttrialfoundthatfolateincombinationwithvitaminB12andaformofB6alsodecreasesthere-blockageofarteriesaftersurgicalrepair.

ThenewsonvitaminEhasbeenmoremixed.Healthyfolkswhotake400internationalunitsdailyforatleasttwoyearsappearsomewhatlesslikelytodevelopheartdisease.ButwhendoctorsgivevitaminEtopatientswhoalreadyhaveheartdisease,thevitamindoesn’tseemtohelp.ItmayturnoutthatvitaminEplaysaroleinpreventionbutcannotundoseriousdamage.

DespitevitaminC’sgreatpopularity,consuminglargeamountsofitstillhasnotbeenpositivelylinkedtoanygreatbenefit.ThebodyquicklybecomessaturatedwithCandsimplyexcretes（排泄）anyexcess.

Themultivitaminsquestionboilsdowntothis：Doyouneedtowaituntilalltheevidenceisinbeforeyoutakethem,orareyouwillingtoacceptthatthere’senoughevidencethattheydon’thurtandcouldhelp?

Ifthelatter,there’snoneedtogotoextremesandbuythebiggesthorsepillsorthemostexpensivebottles.Largedosescancausetrouble,includingexcessivebleedingandnervoussystemproblems.

Multivitaminsarenosubstituteforexerciseandabalanceddiet,ofcourse.Aslongasyouunderstandthatanypotentialbenefitismodestandsubjecttofurtherrefinement,takingadailymultivitaminmakesalotofsense.

1.Atonetimedoctorsdiscouragedtakingmultivitaminsbecausetheybelievedthatmultivitamins

2.Accordingtotheauthor,clinicaltrialsofvitaminsupplements（

）

3.IthasbeenfoundthatvitaminE（

）.

4.Itcanbeseenthatlargedosesofmultivitamins（

）.

5.Theauthorconcludesthepassagewiththeadvicethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.couldnoteasilybeabsorbedbythehumanbody

B.werepotentiallyharmfultopeople’shealth

C.weretooexpensivefordailyconsumption

D.couldnotprovideanycureforvitamindeficiencies

问题2选项

A.oftenresultinmisleadingconclusions

B.taketimeandwillnotproduceconclusiveresults

C.shouldbeconductedbyscientistsonalargerscale

D.appeartobeasheerwasteoftimeandresources

问题3选项

A.shouldbetakenbypatientsregularlyandpersistently

B.caneffectivelyreducetherecurrenceofheartdisease

C.hasapreventivebutnotcurativeeffectonheartdisease

D.shouldbegiventopatientswithheartdiseaseasearlyaspossible

问题4选项

A.maybringaboutserioussideeffects

B.mayhelppreventexcessivebleeding

C.arelikelytoinducetheblockageofarteries

D.areadvisableforthosewithvitamindeficiencies

问题5选项

A.thebenefitofdailymultivitaminintakeoutweighsthatofexerciseandabalanceddiet

B.it’sriskytotakemultivitaminswithoutknowingtheirspecificfunction

C.thepotentialbenefitofmultivitaminscanneverbeoverestimated

D.it’sreasonabletotakearationaldoseofmultivitaminsdaily

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章开篇第一句话Foryears,doctorsadvisedtheirpatientsthattheonlythingtakingmultivitaminsdoesisgivethemextensiveurine.很多年来，医生告诫他们的病人服用复合维生素只会导致他们多尿。由此可知，对于医生来说，维生素很难被吸收，都会通过尿液排出。选项A符合题意。

2.文章第二段第二句话提到所有的维他命供应都会在实验的基础上进行科学的评估。接下来第三句话“但是这些研究需要花费大量时间，并且会提出更多的问题”。选项B符合题意。

3.文章第四段“ItmayturnoutthatvitaminEplaysaroleinpreventionbutcannotundoseriousdamage”（维他命E被证明可以预防但是对已经严重的病没有效果。）选项C符合题意。

4.文章倒数第二段最后一句话提到吃过量的维他命会造成一些问题，比如血流不止和神经系统方面的问题。选项A中的serioussideeffects与这些信息对应，所以选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一段提到人们对于维生素应该采取的态度：潜在的好处都不会太大，但是会带来长久的好处，平时服用维生素对身体是很有好处的。选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

Wehopethisradiowillhelpovercomethe____feltduringyourstayinthehospital.

问题1选项

A.pain

B.loneliness

C.tedium

D.nervousness

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.pain疼痛B.loneliness孤独

C.tedium无聊D.nervousness紧张不安

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】句意：我们希望这台收音机能帮助你克服在医院期间的____感受。根据句意，首先，空格处所填词是在医院住院的感受，其次，这种感受可以通过听收音机解决，C选项tedium“无聊”符合语境，住院是很无聊的，有收音机听就不无聊了。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原文语义逻辑。

【句意】我们希望这台收音机能帮助你克服在医院期间的无聊。

20.单选题

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom-awomen'sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkativefrequentlyofferingideasandanecdoteswhilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklyconcurred.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid"she'sthetalkerinourfamily.Theroomburstintolaughterthemanlookedpuzzledandhurt,"it'strue"heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn'tkeeptheconversationgoingwe'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.

ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewoftheme—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percentthatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearchcomplaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaningcookingandsocialarrangements.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication.“Hedoesn'tlistentome”:“Hedoesn'ttalktome.”IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.

Inshorttheimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingat:thebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisfacewhileawomanglaresatthebackofitwantingtotalk.

1.Whatismostwivesmainexpectationoftheirhusbands?

2.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase"wreakinghavoc"(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans（

）.

3.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?

5.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson（

）.

问题1选项

A.Talkingtothem.

B.Trustingthem.

C.Supportingtheircareers.

D.Sharinghousework.

问题2选项

A.generatingmotivation

B.exertinginfluence

C.causingdamage

D.creatingpressure

问题3选项

A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen

B.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation

C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples

D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse

问题4选项

A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.

B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.

C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.

D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.

问题5选项

A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk

B.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon

C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S

D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中womenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem（女人经常抱怨他们的丈夫不和她们交谈）可推测大多数妻子对丈夫的主要期望是与他们交谈，因此选A。