NBA与CBA主场文化比较

AComparisonbetweenNBAandCBAHomeCulture

Abstract

NBA,thefinestbasketballcultureintheworld,providesagoodexamplefortheCBAinhomeculture.Thisarticlebeginswithadiscussionoftheimpactoftraditionalcultureonindividualbasketballconcepts,andgraduallydiscussestheselectionofhomevenuesandtheirfansinhomeculture.Culturaldifferencessuchasfans,referees,andathleteshavedistinctpersonalities.ThisarticlecomparesthecultureofbasketballbetweenCBAandtheNBAthroughtheexamplestudymethodandcomparativeanalysismethod,andconcludesthereasonsforthedifferences.ThethesissummarizetheNBA'ssuccessfulexperienceanddrawlessonsfromit,findtheshortcomingsoftheCBA,providesometheoreticalbasisforthefuturedevelopmentoftheCBA,andseekdevelopmentstrategiesfortheChineseprofessionalbasketballculture.Then,therearesomesuggestionsforpromotingtheimprovementoftheprofessionalbasketballlevelinourcountryandthecontinuedhealthdevelopmentofsports.Finally,sportscultureisonlyoneofthebigfamilyofculture.ThisarticlestartswiththebasketballcultureandseesthedifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesintermsofcollectivismandindividualism,thuspromotingtheshapingandformationofourcountry'ssportsculture,realizingthechangeofsportsconcepts,andconstantlyimprovingthelevelofnationalsports.

Keywords:HomeCulture;NBA;CBA;HomeCourtAdvantages;IndividualismVSCollectivism

NBA作为世界篮球文化的精品，在主场文化的构建上，为CBA提供了良好的榜样，本文从传统文化对各自篮球观念的影响开始探讨，逐步论述了二者主场文化中诸如：主场所在地的选取、球迷文化、裁判员文化以及球员文化等较有鲜明个性的文化差异。本文通过实例研究的方法和比较分析的方法

对CBA与NBA篮球文化进行比较，并总结出差异的原因。本文总结了NBA的成功经验并借鉴，找到了CBA的缺陷，为CBA的未来发展提供了理论依据，

并寻求中国职业篮球文化发展战略。接着，对促进我国职业篮球水平的提高和体育运动的持续健康发展提出了一些建议。最后，体育文化

只是文化大家族之一。本文从篮球文化入手，从集体主义和个人主义角度分析中美之间的文化差异，从而推动我国体育文化的塑造和形成，实现体育观念的转变，不断提高国家的体育水平。

关键词：主场文化；NBA;CBA；主场优势；个体主义与集体主义

ChapterIIntroduction

1.1Backgroundofthestudy

Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,Chinahasintegratedintotheworldsoundlyineveryaspectinthesedecadesandhasplayedanincreasinglyimportantroleintheworld.Duringtheprocess,moreandmorepeopleareconcerningaboutthedifferencesofsocialvaluesandcustoms.Cultureexchangesisanunavoidableaspectforacountrytoopenitselfup,soweneedtomakesurethatwecandealwithiteffectivelyandcorrectlyduringtheprocess.

AsanoldChineseidiomaticexpression:righttime,rightplaceandfavorablehumanconditions.Thosethreewordscontributesuccesstoalargeextend.Whentheywoninabattle,ancientChinesepeoplewouldattributethistothosereasons.Italsoappliestosportsfields,suchasthefootball,basketballandsoon.Inmyview,thethreefactorsarebestillustratedinbasketballmatches.Asanecessarycomponentofbasketballgames,anarenaandagroupofaudiencesareacquired,which,doalottohelpteamstowin.Manyscholarshavestudiedthehomeadvantagesinsports,theyoutlinedsomereasonswhyhostteamshavemorechancestowinovervisitingteams.Yettoexploreitsroot,thisisaculturalphenomenon,whichleadstoastrongmentalincentiveforthehomeplayerstocompete.However,owingtodifferentculturesconsciousness,playerswillactdifferentlyfromeachother.Thereisagoodexampletoexplainthisphenomenon,thatis,thecomparisonofNBAandCBA,which,undertheinfluenceofdifferentculturesbutthesamesport.ThenIwanttoknowwhat’sthedifferencesofhomecultureandwhy.Iwilllearnfrompreviousstudiesandconductresearchinthisdirectiontoexplorehomecultureinbasketballarena.

1.2Significanceofthestudy

Asweallknow,culturalphenomenaareeverywhere,andsportscultureisapartofthem.Throughtheanalysisandresearchofthisarticle,wecanclearlyrecognizethedifferencesofhomecultureandrecognizetheimpactofthedifferencesonsports.Bycontrast,undertheproofofspecificexamplesanddata,wecanclearlyseethegapbetweenChina’sCBAandtheUnitedStates’NBAandthedevelopmentdirectionofourcountry’ssports.Thisarticlestartswiththebasketballhomeculture,andanalyzesthehomecultureofthetwobasketballinstitutionsundertheguidanceofresearchtheories,soastoshowthereadersthedifferencesandprovideaudiencesandathleteswithsomefeasiblesuggestionssothattheycanunderstandgamesandsportsbetter.Differenthomeculturesenhancetheathletes'competitiveabilityandimprovethecountry'soverallsportscompetitionlevel.Tounderstandsportsculturaldifferencesinthecaseofbasketball,wecangainmoreinsightsandhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculture.

1.3Outlineofthethesis

Thisthesisiscomposedoffivechapters.

Chapter1makesageneralintroductiontothebackgroundandaimsofthestudyaswellastheoutlineofthestudy.Chapter2providesabriefreviewofthepreviousworkinrelevantfield,includingabriefintroductionofcontributionsmadebynumerousresearcherstointerpretingstudy,thestudyofHofstede'sculturaldimensionstheoryandthestudyofthedifferencesofhomeculture.Chapter3introducestheresearchdesignofthestudy,includingtheoreticalframework——Hofstede'sculturaldimensionstheory,datacollection,researchmethodandresearchsteps.Chapter4devotestoelaboratetheaspectsandreasonofthedifferencesofhomeculturefromHofstede'sculturaldimensionstheory.Chapter5concludesthestudywithadiscussiononmajorfindings,limitationsofthisthesisandsomesuggestionsforthefurtherstudy.

ChapterIILiteratureReview

2.1ThestudiesoftheconceptofHome

Asweallknown,eachsportisplayedatacertainarenaorstadiumwhereaudiencesgettogetherandcheerupfortheirpreferredteams.Insports,

suchaplaceiscalledhome.Home

istheplaceand

venue

identifiedwitha

teamsport.Mostprofessionalteamsarenamedfor,andmarketedto,particularmetropolitanareas.Whentheyplayinthatvenue,theyaresaidtobethe"hometeam";whentheteamplayselsewhere,theyarethe

away,

visiting.Homeconsistsofmanycomponents,suchastheaudiences,theplayers,theadvertisements,theDJs,thefacilitiesandsoon.Thehomeplaysaveryimportantroleingame-competition,whichtosomeextent,candecidethewinorloseofthegames.Therefore,homeinsportsbecomeanincreasinglythemeforscholarstoexplorewhyithassuchamagicpower.BothChineseandforeignresearchersinsportsfieldareeagertomakeitclearthathowthehomehelpsthehometeamtowinthegames.AccordingtoZhouX,YouXandLanK(2006),subjectivefactorssuchashost-guestmatchsystem,athlete'spsychologicalstatus,technicalandtacticallevel,aswellasobjectivefactorssuchastheenvironment,theaudienceandthereferee,allthosewillallhaveanimportantinfluenceontheoutcomeofthecompetition.Theyillustratethephenomenonbyusinganexample,thatis,duringtheBeijingOlympicGames,theChineseNationalBasketballteamhadovercamedifficultiesandwonthe8thplaceinthefinals.WecouldnotdenythatthebasketballplayerslikeYaoMing,SunYue,theyplayedtheirbesttowinthegames,butanotherimportantfactoristhattheyplayedgamesinBeijing,thecrazyaudiences,thestrongpressure,andtheplayers’eagernesstolettheChinesepeopleknowthattheycouldbeproudofthempushedtheteamtofight,todefense,andtowin.AsCBAdevelops,thoseteamsofCBAlearntomixupmoreandmoreelementsintotheirhomearenas.Liu.Z,Zhao.FandYang.H(2007)saidthatoneofthemostimportantfactorsisthelocationofthehome.“Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhouandotherrichcitiestendtobethehomeofbasketballteamsinthattheyhavemoremoneyandmoreaudiences”,theysaid,“thesetwoarethemainreasonsindecidingwheretoestablishateaminChina,becausetheyneedtomakeaprofitbyseizingmoremarketshares.”what’smore,theSponsorsandadvertisersarealsoavitalfactorintheprocess.Whentalkingabouthome,wewillextendtothehomeadvantage.Homeadvantagedescribesthebenefitthatthe

hometeam

issaidtogainoverthe

visitingteam.Liu.K,Li.ZandWang.X(2002)describehomeadvantageisdefinitelyexist,which,inthehost-guestmatchsystem,thehostteamhasmorethan50%chancestowinthegame.Thisbenefithasbeenattributedtopsychologicaleffectssupportingfanshaveonthecompetitorsorreferees;topsychologicalorphysiologicaladvantagesofplayingnearhomeinfamiliarsituations;tothedisadvantagesawayteamssufferfromchangingtimezonesorclimates,orfromtherigorsoftravel;and,insomesports,tospecificrulesthatfavorthehometeamdirectlyorindirectly.Inmostteamsports,thehomeorhostingteamisconsideredtohaveasignificantadvantageoverthevisitors.Duetothis,manyimportantgames(suchasplayofforknockoutmatches)inmanysportshavespecialrulesfordeterminingwheretoplaythematch.

Thetermisalsowidelyusedin"best-of"

playoffformats

(e.g.,best-of-sevenoftheNBAplayoffs)asbeinggiventotheteamthatisscheduledtoplayonemoregameathomethantheiropponentifallnecessarygamesareplayed,whichcontributesalotforthehometeamtowintheseries.Homeinsportsisavenuewherethehostteamhasmoreopportunitytowinthegameinthattherearemanybeneficialfactorstohostteam.Therefore,homeadvantageisacommonterminsportsandyieldsmanygreatoutcomes.

2.2ThestudiesofHomeCulture

Cultureisaverybroadconcept,evennarrowsthescopedowntothehomecultureofsports,itstillcontainsmanyfactorsandphenomena.Generallyspeaking,thehomecultureisdeterminedbythelocationofthehomearena,inassistingwithplayers,fans,gameactivities,andaseriesofpromotionalefforts.Toagreatextent,thehomecultureisthecity’sculture.Yao.X(2016)illustratesitwithanWonderfulcase.DetroitistheUnitedStatesautomobilecity,knownasanindustrialcity,soblue-collarworkersnaturallybecomeanimportantpartofDetroit.AsweseetheplayersoftheDetroitPistonsareworkhardjustliketheworkers.Thisteamisfamousforitsstrugglingspiritsandpassion,fiercephysicalconfrontationanddefense,anditmadegreatachievements.However,theU.S.autoindustryhasbeendecliningInrecentyears,thecityofDetroitdeclaredbankruptcyandabout20%ofworkerslosttheirjobs.WhilethehomeofDetroitPistonshasbecomeagatheringplaceforworkerstoventtheiremotions,wherefullofabusiveandinsultinggestures.Worsenthen,theinfamousAuburnHillsPalaceeventhappenedthere.Asmanyfamouscompaniessponsorsportsteams,sowecanseemanycompanynamesintheirhomecourt.Theadvertisementisanimportantfactortothebuildingofthehomeculture.AccordingtoLiu.Z,Zhao.FandYang.H(2007),thenamesofCBAteamsarelargelydependedontheirsponsors,forexample,Beijing

Ducks

BasketballClub,whichissponsoredbyShouGangGroup,iscontrolledbytheGroup.WhileforNBAteams,theybelongtoindividualownersorentrepreneurs,sotheownershaverighttoallowanysponsorstosupportthemandmakeprofitsinthisprocess.Also,itisthefirstyearthatNikehastakenovertherighttoprovidethejerseysandtrainingclothesforplayers,andthefirstyearforNBAteamstoaddonetrademarkontheirnewNikejerseys,sowecanseethatbothNBAandCBAareacommercializationorganization.Advertisementsandsponsorshiparenecessaryfortheteamsandtheowners.Whenreferstohomeculture,thereisonepointthatwecannotoverlook,whichistheaudiencesorthefans.SunFei(2009)madearesearchandhepointedoutthattheaudiencefactorisvitalinhomeculture,which,thepresenceofspectatorsinanysportseventshasahugeimpactonathletes.Iftheteamisfallbehind,thehomespectatorswouldcheerontheplayers,usingbodylanguageandgesturestomotivatetheplayers,whereasiftheteamleadsabigscore,thefanswillfeelaseaseandwillnotputanypressureontheplayers.Ifthetwoteamsareequallymatchedatthelastminutes,thentheaudienceswouldmakesomebadnoiseonthevisitingteam,especiallywhenthecounterpartplayershavegotthechancetofoulshot.Sotheaudiencesachievethegoalofinfluencingthevisitingteamandhelpingthehometeamtowinthegames.Allinall,homecultureisawideconceptthatconsistofmanyelementsandculturalfacts,whichcanbemixeduptocontributetothewinningofgames.

2.3StudiesofcomparisonoftheCulturebetweenNBAandCBA

Attheverybeginning,wehavetorecognizethatNBAhassetupagoodexampleforCBAtofollowinalmosteveryaspects.The

NationalBasketballAssociation

(NBA)isamen's

professionalbasketball

league

in

NorthAmerica,whichwasfoundedin

NewYorkCity

onJune6,1946;Itiswidelyconsideredtobethepremiermen'sprofessionalbasketballleagueintheworld.Ontheotherhand,The

ChineseBasketballAssociation,oftenabbreviatedasCBA,itisthefirst-tierprofessionalmen’sbasketballleagueinChina.Itiswidelyregardedasthepre-eminentprofessionalmen’sbasketballleagueinAsia.JingY.FandYangH.C(2007)pointedoutthatthebasicdifferencebetweenNBAandCBAhomecultureliesinthedifferenttraditionalcultures.Chinaisacivilizationwithmorethan5000years’historyandboostsmanyphilosophiesofharmony,whichistotallydifferentfromtheAmericanculturefeaturingindividualism,creativeandeagernesstoexpressthemselves.Forexample,YaoMingisthemostsuccessfulChineseplayerplayinginNBA,whilewhentheChineseBasketballTeamneedshim,ifthereisnoanyotherreasons,YaowillcomebacktotheTeam.That’sistheappealingpowerofcollectivismandChinesepeopleevenAsianationsundertheinfluenceofConfuciusthoughtswilladmittheabsoluteprinciple.Thesecondone,isaboutthedifferenceinthemanagementsystems,whichisinstitutionaloriginofthecomparison.CaiWei(2014)describedthedifferentarrangement.Aswetalkedabove,weknowthatNBAteamsareownedbyindividuals,onthecontrary,CBAteamsiscontrolledbythegovernment,andthenthesponsors.Therefore,CBAshouldservethegovernmentandthentheenjoymentofpeople,butforNBA,itisaplacethateveryonecanachievehisbasketballdreamifyouworkhardandthinkbig.Thatistosay,NBAhasafreecultureforplayerstoexpresstheirideasaswellasthepromotionofculture.Atthesametime,thetrainingmechanismsofNBAandCBAarealsodifferent,which,NBAhasaperfectedsystemofselectingplayersfrommiddleschooltohighschoolonthebasisofcompetence,andtheplayersareendowedbothknowledgeandbasketballskills.ThosepeopleinsportsfieldinChinatendtoneglecttheirknowledgeandfocusontraining,whichleadtotheimbalancedsituationofknowledgeabilityandcompetitivelevel.That’sanimportantreasonforCBA’sinabilityforformingastrongculture,letalonehomeculture.MatthewWalker(2013)saidthatpeoplethosewhoenjoyNBAgameslovetheatmospherewhentheyonthecourt,theylovethecolorfulactivitiesandhalftimeshowswhenthegamespause.YetthosenothingisnotsocommoninCBA.“Itisnotonlyabouttheresultsofthegames,buttheenjoymentofculturewhenyouwatchNBAgames”,Walkersaidinhisbook.ThedifferencesinculturebetweenNBAandCBAareeasytosaybuthardtochangebecausethedifferentculturebackgrounds.Andbothofthemhaveawaytogoforimprovement,especiallyourCBA.

2.4Spaceforthisstudy

Despiteallthesestudies,mostpreviousstudiesdidnotcoverdifferencesofhomeculturebetweenNBAandCBA,onlyfocusingonseveralmajorissuesofhomecultureundertheinfluenceofdifferentcultures.Thisthesisquotasexamplesof2016-2017seasonastheobjectofstudy,aimsatfindingoutthedifferencesofhomeculturebetweenNBAandCBAguidedbyHofstede'sculturaldimensionstheory.ThefourperspectivesofHofstede'sculturaldimensionstheorywillallbecoveredinthisthesis,andeachperspectivewillbeelaboratedthroughmoredetails.ItfirstshowsthatthedifferencesofhomeculturebetweenNBAandCBA,andthencontinuestodiscusswhythosedifferencesoftheexamplescomeabout.Withthefocusonthereasonsofthedifferenthomeculture,thethesiswilloffersomesuggestionsforustolearnaboutandadapttodifferentcultures.

Chapter3ResearchDesign

3.1GuidingTheory

Itiswellknownthatculturephenomenaareeverywhere,andeachofuscanfeelthecharmingofcultureeventhoughwemaynotknowit.Asanextensivecommunicationtool,cultureplaysaverycrucialroleinpeople-to-peoplecommunication.Ifyoufailtounderstandone’sculture,thenyouwouldnotgetanoverallknowledgeofthepeopleornation.Therearesomanyculturalresearchersstudyinthefieldofculture,butmostofthemclaimthatitisaneverendingprocesswhenyoudecidetostudyculture.Asthesocietydevelops,Culturewillcontinuetodevelopandevolveintonewmeanings.Thus,Thisvirtuallyaddedextraworktoculturalresearchers.However,inthefieldofculture,thereisatheorythatneverbeObsolete,thatis,Hofstede'sculturaldimensionstheory.Iwillintroducethetheorybrieflyinthefollowingcontext.

Hofstede'sculturaldimensionstheoryisaframeworkforcross-culturalcommunication,developedbyGeertHofstede.Itdescribestheeffectsofasociety'scultureonthevaluesofitsmembers,andhowthesevaluesrelatetobehavior,usingastructurederivedfromfactoranalysis.HofstededevelopedhisoriginalmodelasaresultofusingfactoranalysistoexaminetheresultsofaworldwidesurveyofemployeevaluesbyIBMbetween1967and1973.Ithasbeenrefinedsince.Theoriginaltheoryproposedfourdimensionsalongwhichculturalvaluescouldbeanalyzed:individualism-collectivism;uncertaintyavoidance;powerdistanceandmasculinity-femininity.IndependentresearchinHongKongledHofstedetoaddafifthdimension,long-termorientation,tocoveraspectsofvaluesnotdiscussedintheoriginalparadigm.In2010,Hofstedeaddedasixthdimension,indulgenceversusself-restraint.

Hofstede'sworkestablishedamajorresearchtraditionincross-culturalpsychologyandhasalsobeendrawnuponbyresearchersandconsultantsinmanyfieldsrelatingtointernationalbusinessandcommunication.Thetheoryhasbeenwidelyusedinseveralfieldsasaparadigmforresearch,particularlyincross-culturalpsychology,internationalmanagement,andcross-culturalcommunication.Itcontinuestobeamajorresourceincross-culturalfields.Ithasinspiredanumberofothermajorcross-culturalstudiesofvalues,aswellasresearchonotheraspectsofculture,suchassocialbeliefs.

Inhisresearchtheories,themostprominentpointoftheculturaldiffe

rences

between

the

East

andthe

West

is

individualism

and

collectivism.

This

is

refle

ctedinallaspectsofculturallife,particularlysportsculture.Thisindexexploresthe“degreetowhichpeopleinasocietyareintegratedintogroups.”Individualisticsocietieshaveloosetiesthatoftenonlyrelatesanindividualtohis/herimmediatefamily.Theyemphasizethe“I”versusthe“we.”Itscounterpart,collectivism,describesasocietyinwhichtightly-integratedrelationshipstieextendedfamiliesandothersintoin-groups.Thesein-groupsarelacedwithundoubtedloyaltyandsupporteachotherwhenaconflictariseswithanotherin-group.

3.2ResearchQuestions

Hopefully,itwillprovideanswerstothefollowingquestions:

Inwhataspectsdothedifferencesofhomecultureoccur?

Whythedifferencesofhomecultureoccur?

Whatarethesuggestionsandmeasurestocopewiththedifferencesofhomeculture?

3.3Method

Inthisthesis,IwilladoptcontrastiveanalysismethodandexamplestudymethodtomakeitclearthatdifferencesofhomeculturebetweenNBAandCBA.Firstofall,Iwillselectarangeofexamplesthatconcerndifferentelementsofhomeculture,includingthehomearenas,fans,refereesandplayers.NBAholds82regular-seasongamesandeightteamsfromEasternandWesternconferencescompeteforchampionshipinplayoffs.CBAholdsthirty-eightroundsregular-seasongameseachyear.Tenteamswillentertheplayoffstocompeteforthechampionship.Similarly,eachofthesegamesisbasedonthehomeandawaygamessystem.Soitisveryeasyformetocollectaseriesofexamples.Whenexplainingthedifferencesineachaspect,Iwilllist4to6stadiumexamplesfromCBAandNBArespectively.MostoftheexamplesthatIcollectcomefromthisseason,buttherearesomeclassicexamplesthatdidn’thappenthisseason.Allexampleswillbeclassifiedaccordingtodifferentaspectsofthedifferences.Firstly,Alltheexamplesfromthetwoassociationsarecorrelatedtoeachelement.Secondly,undertheguidanceofHofstede'sculturaldimensionstheory,Iwilladoptthecontrastiveanalysismethodtoillustratethedifferentaspectsofhomecultureandexplorethereasonswhythosedifferenceshappen.Forexample,withregardtotheaudiences,whatisthedifferencesbetweenNBAandCBA?whatdotheycontributetohomeculture?Usingdetailedexamples,Iwillshowyouafullpictureofbasketballhomecultureandthedifferencesbetweenthetwoassociations.

Chapter4Datapresentationanddiscussion

4.1Differencesofhomeculture

4.1.1Culturaldifferencesofhomearenas

Thecultureofarenaisnotallaboutcollectivismorindividualism,butithasaninseparablerelationshipwithlocalcultureandurbanculture.

YaoMing,themostsuccessfulChinesebasketballplayerinNBA,oncewasaskedbyreporters.“whatisthedifferencesofplayinggamesbetweenNBAandCBA”?YaoMingpointedoutthatitisundertotallydifferentculture.Inotherwords,thetraditionalculturehasanimmeasurableimpactontheirrespectivebasketballcultures.Sodifferentbasketballculturescontributetodifferenthomeculture.

SportsintheUnitedStatesareanimportantpartofthecountry'sculture.ThemarketforprofessionalsportsintheUnitedStatesisroughly69billion,roughly50%largerthanthatofallofEurope,theMiddleEast,andAfricacombined.TheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)isamen'sprofessionalbasketballleagueinNorthAmerica;composedof30teams(29intheUnitedStatesand1inCanada).Itiswidelyconsideredtobethepremiermen'sprofessionalbasketballleagueintheworld.TheNBAisoneof

the

four

major

professional

sports

leagues

in

the

United

States

and

Canada.

NBA

playersare

the

world's

best

p

aidathletesbyaverageannualsalaryperplayer.

TheChineseBasketballAssociation,oftenabbreviatedasCBA,isthefirst-tierprofessionalmen'sbasketballleagueinChina.Itiswidelyregardedasthepre-eminentprofessionalmen'sbasketballleagueinAsia.UndertheinfluenceoftraditionalChineseculture,socialismideologyandthepolicyofopeningup,theCBAbeganplayinthe1995–96season.Aftermorethantenseasonsofleagueoperations,thelevelofcompetitionhasbeensignificantlyimproved.SomeyoungplayerstrainedinCBAleaguehavereachedorapproachedthelevelofinternationalleagues,andSocialattentioncontinuestoincreasecomparedtoafewyearsago.However,wehavetorecognizethatthegovernmentplayaveryimportantroleintheoperationofCBAteams,andallteamsaresubjecttothejurisdictionofthegovernment.ThenativeplayersinCBAfollowtraditionalcultureandcollectivismwhichmaketheexternalperformanceofsportsmorequietandserious.TheCBAathletestrainedundersuchaculturalbackgroundemphasizemoreontheoverallcooperationandpursuetheimprovementoftheteamstrength.Suchaconceptisunderstandableforuswholivinginacollectivismsociety.However,theimportanceofCBAbasketballtoteamstrengthandevenignoringthestar-buildingmovementofNBAbasketballhasseriouslyaffectedthedevelopmentofplayercreativity.Tosomedegree,NativeplayersinCBAhavenopassiononthecourt,andlackofenthusiasmpersonality.

Thereisnodoubtthatlocalculturalisacrucialfactorindecidinganurbanculture.Itistruethatanurbanculturewillpromoteitssportsculture.HereIwillnotexplainmuchaboutthedifferencesofurbanculture,buttouseseveralexamplestoillustrateinwhichaspectdoesurbancultureshapeitsbasketballcultureandhomeculture.

InNBA,therearetwoteamsthatpeoplehasbeentalkingabout,theyareLosAngelesLakersandNewYorkKnicks.Theyarelocatedatwestcoastandeastcoastrespectivelyandembodythesameurbanculture---luxuriousurbanlife,highdemandforleisureactivitiesandaboundswithcelebrities.Peopleinthosetwocitieshavemoreextratimeforrelaxing,soeveryindustryenjoysapromisingprospect.Asforsports,fourmajorprofessionsportshaveestablishedtheirteamshereandenjoysfamousreputation,especiallyLosAngelesLakers.Formanyyears,LakershavebeenanindispensablepartofNBAplayoffs,andmanycelebritieswouldhavevisitedtheStaplesCenter.WhileLakersmiss4yearsofplayoffsanddonothaveonebasketballsuperstar,thearenaneverfailtomeetitneedsandattractLakersfanstojoinintheorganization.Thatisthecharmingofmetropolitansandtheyneverlackofaudiences.TheBassfamilywillneverlosemoneyonlyiftheyholdthisteamtightly.

InCBA,therearealsomanyexamplestoexplainurbanculture.Withthedevelopmentofsociety,moreandmoreChinesepeoplebecomerichandhavemoreinterestforrelaxingandenjoyinglife.Therefore,inbigcitieslikeBeijingandShanghai,astheculturalcenterandeconomycenterofourcountry,manykindsofentertainmentappear,aswellasCBAteams.BeijingShougangDucks,asitsnameshowsthatitissponsoredbyShouGangGroup,isacompetitiveclubseveralyearsago,especiallywhenStephenMarburywasontheteam.Theclubislocatedatthecapitalcity,soitattractsmanyfanstowatchthemplayinthearenaandmostoffansarefromBeijing.Also,thisteammergedwithBeijingculturetoformaspecialteamculture.ThisnotonlysatisfiedtheentertainmentrequirementsofBeijingpeople,butalsopromotedthegovernment'sincomeandimproveditsperformance.Allinall,EveryteaminCBAiscloselyrelatedtothelocalgovernmentandsomepowerfulcompaniesandtheteamservesthem.

There