(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册 Unit 4　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AInthe2020TokyoParalympicGames，a48-year-oldEgyptianathlete，Hamadtou，madeagreatimpressiononalotofpeople.Holdingthebatinhismouth，thepara-tabletennischampionattractstheaudiencebythrowingtheballuphighwithhisrightfoot.Sinkingthroughtheair，thelittlewhiteballmeetshisbatandcomesoutlikeabulletwithapowerfulspin.Hamadtou’sperformancemovesmillionsofpeople.Commentsandpraiseonhimfloodfromallovertheworld，withabout300millionmessagesondifferentsocialmedia.Hamadtouwasacarpenter.Helosthistwoarmsbyfallingdowntherailwayplatformonhiswayhome.Butitdidn’tchangehislovefortabletennis.Startingat13，Hamadtouspentyearsworkinghardtoperfecthisgame.Initially，hetrieddifferentwaystoholdthebat，includingholdingitunderhisarmpit，beforedecidingtohandleitwithhismouth.In2011，hegotthesecondplaceintheAfricanTableTennisGamesforthedisabled.DeeplytouchedbyHamadtou，ChairmanofInternationalTableTennisFederationinvitedhimtoparticipateintheWorldTableTennisChampionshipasaguestofhonorin2014.Inthecompetition，Hamadtouplayedgameswithsomeworld-famousathleteslikeMaLong.LaterHamadtoutookpartinthe2016RioParalympics.“Itwasquitedifficulttoplaytabletennisaftertheaccident，”Hamadtourecalled.“Ihadtopracticehardforthreeyearsonadailybasis.Atthebeginning，peoplewasamazedandsurprisedseeingmeplaying.Thentheyencouragedandsupportedmealot.”“Ibelievethatnothingisimpossible，aslongasyouworkhard，”addedHamadtou.“ThisisthemessageIwouldliketosendtopeople.”Oneofthecommentsofanetizengoes“Weareveryproudofhiswill，perseveranceanddetermination.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自埃及的残奥会乒乓球运动员易卜拉欣·哈麦德的故事。1．WhatisspecialwhenHamadtouplaystabletennis?A．Throwingtheballwithhishand.B．Spinningtheballwithhishead.C．Holdingthebatwithhisarmpit.D．Servingtheballwithhisfoot.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，哈麦德打乒乓球时用脚发球，这是他的特别之处。故选D。2．WhatdoweknowaboutHamadtou?A．Hewasbornwithnoarms.B．Hewasinterestedinartworks.C．Heperfectshisskillswithhardwork.D．Hehasagreattalentfortabletennis.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Startingat13，Hamadtouspentyearsworkinghardtoperfecthisgame.”可知，哈麦德刻苦训练，不断提升和完善自己的乒乓球技艺。故选C。3．WhatistheattitudeofnetizenstowardsHamadtou?A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Indifferent. D．Neutral.答案A解析观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Commentsandpraiseonhimfloodfromallovertheworld”和最后一段可知，网民们很赞赏哈麦德的精神，所以对他的态度是积极的。故选A。4．WhatspiritcanwelearnfromHamadtou?A．Facingtheunknownwithhope.B．Livingwithdignityandgratitude.C．Tryingone’sbestandnevergivingup.D．Alwaysbeingconfidentandcompetitive.答案C解析细节理解题。通读全文，尤其根据倒数第二段中的“Ibelievethatnothingisimpossible，aslongasyouworkhard”可知，从哈麦德身上我们可以学到一种永不放弃，坚持到底的精神。故选C。BLightpollutionisasignificantbutoverlookeddriveroftherapiddeclineofinsectpopulations，accordingtothemostcomprehensivereviewofthescientificevidencetodate.Artificiallightatnightcanaffecteveryaspectofinsects’lives，theresearcherssaid.“Westronglybelieveartificiallightatnight—incombinationwithhabitatloss，chemicalpollution，invasive(入侵的)species，andclimatechange—isdrivinginsectdeclines，”thescientistsconcludedafterassessingmorethan150studies.Insectpopulationcollapseshavebeenreportedaroundtheworld，andthefirstglobalscientificreviewpublishedinFebruarysaidwidespreaddeclinesthreatenedtocausea“catastrophiccollapseofnature’secosystems”．Therearethoughttobemillionsofinsectspecies，moststillunknowntoscience，andabouthalfareactiveatnight.Thoseactiveinthedaymayalsobedisturbedbylightatnightwhentheyareatrest.Themostfamiliarimpactoflightpollutionismoths(飞蛾)flappingaroundabulb，mistakingitforthemoon.Someinsectsusethepolarisationoflighttofindthewatertheyneedtobreed，aslightwaveslineupafterreflectingfromasmoothsurface.Butartificiallightcanscupper(使泡汤)this.Insectsareimportantprey(猎物)formanyspecies，butlightpollutioncantipthebalanceinfavourofthepredatorifittrapsinsectsaroundlights.Suchincreasesinpredationriskwerelikelytocausetherapidextinctionofaffectedspecies，theresearcherssaid.Theresearcherssaidmosthuman-causedthreatstoinsectshaveanaloguesinnature，suchasclimatechangeandinvasivespecies.Butlightpollutionisparticularlyhardforinsectstodealwith.However，unlikeotherdriversofdecline，lightpollutionisrelativelyeasytoprevent.Simplyturningofflightsthatarenotneededisthemostobviousaction，whilemakinglightsmotion-activatedalsocutslightpollution.Shadinglightsisimportantsothatonlytheareaneededislitup.Itisthesamewithavoidingblue-whitelights，whichinterferewithdailyrhythms.LEDlightsalsoofferhopeastheycanbeeasilytunedtoavoidharmfulcoloursandflickerrates.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光污染对昆虫减少的影响。5．Whatisdiscussedinthepassage?A．Causesofdeclininginsectpopulations.B．Consequencesofinsectpopulationcollapses.C．Lightpollution：thekeybringerofinsectdeclines.D．Insectdeclines：thedriverofthecollapsedecosystem.答案C解析主旨大意题。文章第一段提出光污染是昆虫数量迅速下降的一个重要但被忽视的驱动因素，下文内容主要围绕介绍光污染对昆虫减少的影响展开，因此，本文主要讨论光污染对昆虫数量下降的影响。故选C项。6．Whatisthe5thparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howlighttravelsinspace.B．Howlighthelpsinsectsfindfood.C．Howthefoodchainisinterrelated.D．Howlightpollutionaffectsinsects.答案D解析段落大意题。第五段主要讲述的是光污染会让昆虫误把光滑的表面当成水面，在这里繁殖，而这会更容易让他们的天敌抓住他们，会导致昆虫的快速灭绝。由此可推知，这一段主要讲述的是光污染是如何影响昆虫的。故选D项。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“analogues”inParagraph6probablymean?A．Selectivethings. B．Similarthings.C．Variations. D．Limitations.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据句意可知，因为昆虫在大自然中经历过这种威胁，所以在人类带来的这些相似的威胁中，他们也可以应对，但“光污染”就很难去应对解决了。由此可猜测画线词应是相同、相似物的意思。故选B项。8．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Tooffersolutions.B．Togiveexamples.C．Tomakecomparisons.D．Topresentarguments.答案A解析推理判断题。由文章最后一段第一句可以看出，这一段是在讲避免光污染的解决方法。故选A项。Ⅱ.完形填空DeanSchneider，asuccessfulfinancialplannerinSwitzerland，hasbuiltananimalkingdomofhisown.Unlikemostkidswhocanhardly1toplayvideogames，Deanspentmuchofhis2lifebeingattractedbyanimals.Ashegrewup，he3hishobbyanddonatedtocausessupportingwildlife.4，hisloveforthemsurpassed(超过)thatforfinance.Sohequithisjoband5hispossessions，movingtoSouthAfricawhereheboughtapieceoflandand6aclub，HakunaMipaka，aimingtobring7andprogresstowildlifesaving.TheHakunaMipakaclubprovidesmuch8，coveringmorethan4,000,000squaremetres，9animalslikezebrastolivefreelyandsafely.Despitehow10，andsometimesheartbreaking，itcanbe，Deanpressesonwithhis11.Hebelievesinthe12ofwhatheisdoingtohelppeoplelearnmoreaboutwildlife.Hisnew13isafarcryfromhisdaysinthefinancialworld，buthis14andsenseofpurposeishigherthanever.Deanhastrulyfoundhisjoy—andismaking15changes，withsomanyanimalslivingacarefreelifeunderhisprotection.

语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。DeanSchneider曾是瑞士一名成功的理财规划师，但是他从小就喜欢动物，于是他辞去工作，卖掉家产，搬到了南非，并创建了旨在保护野生动物的HakunaMipaka俱乐部。1．A.prefer B．startC．refuse D．afford答案C解析根据后文“beingattractedbyanimals”可知，Dean不像大部分孩子那样无法拒绝玩电子游戏。故选C。2．A.tough B．naturalC．young D．busy答案C解析根据前文的mostkids，可知这里谈论的是Dean孩童时期的生活。故选C。3．A.continued B．learnedC．quit D．proved答案A解析前文谈到Dean小时候就对动物着迷，本句指他长大后延续了这个爱好。故选A。4．A.Normally B．EventuallyC．Therefore D．Otherwise答案B解析前文提到Dean是一位成功的理财规划师，小的时候对动物很是痴迷，在成年后对动物的热爱也依然不减当年，再根据后文“Sohequithisjob”可知，最终，他对动物的热爱超过了他对金融行业的热爱。故选B。5．A.donated B．registeredC．gathered D．sold答案D解析本句后面的“movingtoSouthAfricawhereheboughtapieceofland”说明Dean将家产卖掉了。故选D。6．A.pickedout B．closeddownC．setup D．putaway答案C解析后文谈到Dean的俱乐部为众多动物提供庇护，故本句说的是Dean买了一块地，将它建成了HakunaMipaka俱乐部。故选C。7．A.relief B．awarenessC．fun D．luck答案B解析由后文的“tohelppeoplelearnmoreaboutwildlife”可知，Dean成立HakunaMipaka俱乐部，旨在引起人们对野生动物的保护意识。故选B。8．A.difference B．spaceC．amusement D．creation答案B解析根据本空后面的“coveringmorethan4,000，000squaremetres”可知，这个俱乐部占地多达四百多万平方米，说明这个俱乐部空间很大。故选B。9．A.allowing B．causingC．requiring D．expecting答案A解析Dean的俱乐部专门为救援野生动物而设立，让斑马等动物可以自由安全地生活。故选A。10．A.special B．importantC．misleading D．difficult答案D解析根据本空后面的“sometimesheartbreaking”可知，办这个俱乐部很艰辛，有时甚至令人心碎。故选D。11．A.result B．missionC．impression D．comment答案B解析本句中的“pressonwithsth.”相当于“sticktosth.”，意为“继续坚定做某事”。虽然办俱乐部很艰难，但是Dean仍然坚持自己的使命。故选B。12．A.curiosity B．directionC．value D．prediction答案C解析本句后半部分谈到Dean帮助人们更多地了解野生动物，所以本空指他相信他所做的事情的价值。故选C。13．A.dream B．homeC．chance D．job答案D解析前文谈到Dean辞去工作，然后在南非买地办俱乐部，保护野生动物，因此这就是他的新工作。故选D。14．A.freedom B．justiceC．community D．happiness答案D解析本句前面谈到他的新工作与他在金融界的日子大不相同。本句说的是但他的幸福感和使命感比以往任何时候都要高。故选D。15．A.positive B．uniqueC．small D．regular答案A解析根据本句后文“withsomanyanimalslivingacarefreelifeunderhisprotection”可知，Dean保护野生动物取得了积极的成效。故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空WhileEnglishspeakerslookbacktothetimeofShakespeareandMilton400yearsagoasagoldenage，Chineselookbackfar1.(far)，totheTangDynasty1,200yearsagoastheirgoldenageofliterature.AkeyfeatureofChinesepoetryis2.itisconcise(简洁的)．Eachcharacterplacesathought，animpression，oranimage.Emphasisisputonuseofrhythmandsometimesina3.______(balance)lookofthecharacterssothatitis4.(visual)pleasingonpaper.Amazing48,000poemshavesurvivedfromthemanyTangDynastypoets.AftertheTang，poetsstruggled5.(establish)amodernstylethatwasnotrootedinthegloriesofthepast.LaterthestyleoftheSongDynastydidbecomeapopularform.Somanypeopleenjoysuch6._______(popular)becauseitwasmorefluentandlessrigidthanthatoftheTang.Manypo