四川省2017年上半年临床助理执业医师解剖学：前锯肌起止点考试题

四川省/r/n2017/r/n年上半年临床助理执业医师解剖学：前锯肌起/r/n

/r/n止点考试题/r/n一、单项选择题（共/r/n26/r/n题，每题的备选项中，只有/r/n1/r/n个事最符合题意）/r/n1/r/n、女，/r/n25/r/n岁。剖宫产术后/r/n4/r/n个月。性交后出现下腹疼痛伴发热/r/n2/r/n日。妇检：子宫后位，正常大小，轻压痛，双附件区明显增厚及压痛。血/r/nWBC12/r/nX/r/n109/L/r/n,/r/nN0.89/r/n。/r/n可能的诊断/r/nA/r/n./r/n子宫内膜异位症/r/nB/r/n./r/n异位妊娠/r/nC/r/n卵巢囊肿蒂扭转/r/nD/r/n./r/n输卵管积水/r/nE/r/n./r/n急性盆腔炎/r/n2/r/n、临床上不出现发绀的疾病是/r/nA/r/n./r/n急性肺炎/r/nB/r/n./r/n慢性阻塞性肺气肿/r/nC/r/n自发性气胸/r/nD/r/n./r/n严重贫血/r/nE/r/n./r/n右心衰/r/n3/r/n、男，/r/n56/r/n岁。突发性右侧肢体无力，伴头痛、呕吐，排黑便/r/n2/r/n次。有高血压和糖尿病史/r/n5/r/n年。黑便原因很可能是/r/n__/r/n。/r/nA/r/n./r/n食管癌/r/nB/r/n./r/n胃癌/r/nC/r/n胃溃疡/r/nD/r/n./r/n急性胃黏膜病变/r/nE/r/n./r/n胃底静脉曲张破裂出血/r/n4/r/n、感染性休克补充血容量时，主要是用/r/nA/r/n./r/n全血/r/nB/r/n./r/n血浆/r/nC/r/n10%/r/n葡萄糖溶液/r/nD/r/n./r/n平衡盐溶液/r/nE/r/n./r/n生理盐水/r/n5/r/n、血吸虫病引起的肝硬化为/r/nA/r/n./r/n胆汁性肝硬化/r/nB/r/n./r/n门脉性肝硬化/r/nC/r/n坏死后性肝硬化/r/nD/r/n./r/n干线型或管/r/n道型肝硬化/r/nE/r/n./r/n淤血性肝硬化/r/n6/r/n、雌孕激素在以下哪个方面具有协同作用/r/nA/r/n./r/n促进子宫收缩/r/nB/r/n./r/n促进输卵管蠕动/r/nC/r/n促使阴道上皮细胞角化脱落/r/nD/r/n./r/n使宫颈黏液分泌量不断增加并呈拉丝状变化/r/nE/r/n./r/n促进女性生殖器官和乳/r/n腺发育/r/n7/r/n、/r/n34/r/n岁，初产妇，妊娠/r/n39/r/n周，规律宫缩/r/n2/r/n小时，宫口开大/r/n4cm/r/n,/r/n给予/r/n0.5%/r/n缩宫素静滴加强宫缩，宫缩持续不缓解，胎心率为/r/n90/r/n〜/r/n100/r/n次/r/n//r/n分，缩复环上升达平脐。应立即给予的处理是/r/nA/r/n./r/n会阴切开助产/r/nB/r/n./r/n产钳助产/r/nC/r/n胎头吸引/r/nD/r/n./r/n穿颅术/r/nE/r/n./r/n立/r/n即静推硫酸镁并急诊剖宫产/r/n8/r/n、温中止泻宜煨用的药是/r/nA/r/n./r/n金樱子/r/nB/r/n./r/n乌贼骨/r/nC/r/n罂粟壳/r/n口/r/n.补骨脂/r/nE/r/n./r/n肉豆蔻/r/n9/r/n、有关急性水肿型胰腺炎的治疗，下列何种治疗方法最恰当/r/nA/r/n./r/n内科保守治疗/r/nB/r/n./r/nOddi/r/n括约肌切开术/r/nC/r/n./r/n胰酶/r/nD/r/n./r/n手术/r/nE/r/n./r/n生/r/n长抑素/r/n10/r/n、血吸虫虫卵引起的病变主要发生在/r/n__/r/n。/r/nA/r/n./r/n大肠壁和肝脏/r/nB/r/n./r/n肠系膜静脉/r/nC/r/n./r/n门静脉/r/nD/r/n./r/n肺和肠/r/nE/r/n.肝和脾/r/n11/r/n、体内许多酶的活性与其分子中半胱氨酸残基上的巯基直接有关，有些毒物能与酶分子的巯基结合而抑制酶活性。下列物质中，能保护酶分子上的巯基的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n胱氨酸/r/nB/r/n./r/n蛋氨酸/r/nC/r/n./r/n二价阳离子/r/nD/r/n./r/n还原型谷胱甘肽/r/nE/r/n./r/n硫/r/n酸铵/r/n12/r/n、纤维组织细胞瘤的主要病变特点是/r/nA/r/n./r/n好发于膝关节周围/r/nB/r/n./r/n病灶可沿骨干纵向生长/r/nC/r/n./r/n成纤维细胞和胶原/r/n纤维呈旋涡状或车辐状排列/r/nD/r/n./r/n肿瘤中见多核巨细胞及泡沫细胞/r/nE/r/n./r/n肿/r/n瘤中无新生骨形成/r/n13/r/n、胎盘的组成为/r/nA/r/n：/r/n羊膜、叶状绒毛膜和底蜕膜/r/nB/r/n：/r/n羊膜、平滑绒毛膜和包蜕膜/r/nC/r/n：/r/n羊膜、叶状绒毛膜和包蜕膜/r/nD/r/n：/r/n羊膜、平滑绒毛膜和底蜕膜/r/nE/r/n：/r/n羊膜、平滑绒毛膜和真蜕膜/r/n14/r/n、牙齿发育的叙述不正确的是/r/n__/r/nA/r/n./r/n牙胚由成釉器、牙乳头、牙囊组成/r/nB/r/n./r/n帽状期成釉器细胞分化为三层/r/nC/r/n./r/n前牙的生长中心位于切缘和舌侧隆突的基底膜上/r/nD/r/n./r/n所有恒牙的牙蕾在胚胎第/r/n6/r/n个月形成/r/nE/r/n./r/n牙周膜从牙囊发育而来/r/n15/r/n、不属于神经症性防御机制的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n置换/r/nB/r/n./r/n退行/r/nC/r/n./r/n隔离/r/nD/r/n./r/n压抑/r/nE/r/n./r/n分裂/r/n16/r/n、何为中枢性尿崩症的特征性表现/r/nA/r/n./r/n多尿，多饮，烦渴/r/nB/r/n./r/n多饮但工作忙时不明显/r/nC/r/n./r/n饮水少时尿量减少/r/nD/r/n./r/n喜饮凉水，饮水量昼夜不变/r/nE/r/n./r/n消瘦，乏力/r/n17/r/n、癫痫样波包括下列几项，但除外其中的/r/nA/r/n./r/n棘波/r/nB/r/n./r/n尖波/r/nC/r/n./r/n棘慢综合波/r/nD/r/n./r/n慢波/r/nE/r/n./r/n多棘慢综合波/r/n18/r/n、患者男，/r/n46/r/n岁。平日喜欢喝酒，大约每天三斤白酒。患者表现为识记能力障碍，时间定向障碍，虚构症和顺行性遗忘。此患者最符合的综合征为/r/nA/r/n./r/n遗忘综合征/r/nB/r/n./r/n疑病综合征/r/nC/r/n./r/n精神自动综合征/r/nD/r/n./r/n紧张综合征/r/nE/r/n./r/nCapgras/r/n综合征/r/n19/r/n、选择测验时应阅读测验资料，考虑测验/r/nA/r/n.能否适合自己的测量目的/r/nB/r/n.是否信度满意/r/nC/r/n.是否效度满意/r/nD/r/n./r/n常模样本是否符合准备测试的对象，常模资料是否失效/r/nE/r/n./r/n以上都是/r/n20/r/n、阳虚感冒的治疗方剂宜首选/r/nA/r/n./r/n参苏饮/r/nB/r/n./r/n加减葳蕤汤/r/nC/r/n.再造散/r/nD/r/n./r/n右归丸/r/nE/r/n./r/n麻黄附子/r/n细辛汤/r/n21/r/n、关于放射源的运输与保管下列哪一做法是错误的/r/nA/r/n./r/n将放射性标志贴在明显位置/r/nB/r/n./r/n选用合适的运输工具及专门容器/r/nC/r/n./r/n严/r/n禁单位或个人随身携带放射源乘坐公共交通工具/r/nD/r/n./r/n实验室内转运少量放射/r/n性物质可直接拿取/r/nE/r/n./r/n设置专门的放射源贮存场所/r/n22/r/n、将来访者和他过去的环境中的重要人物置于现实背景下，这个过程称为/r/nA/r/n./r/n倾听/r/nB/r/n./r/n解释/r/nC/r/n重建/r/nD/r/n./r/n阻抗/r/nE/r/n./r/n释梦/r/n23/r/n、男性患者，/r/n50/r/n岁。肝炎病史多年，近一段时间出现食欲缺乏、呕血及腹水，且可见腹壁静脉明显扩张。其症状形成的原因是/r/nA/r/n./r/n急性胃炎/r/nB/r/n./r/n慢性萎缩性胃炎/r/nC/r/n慢性胃溃疡/r/nD/r/n./r/n溃疡性结肠炎/r/nE/r/n./r/n门脉高压/r/n24/r/n、在美国学者舒茨看来，个体的三种基本人际需要分别是/r/nA/r/n．包容需要、支持需要和感情需要/r/nB/r/n．理解需要、支持需要和感情需要/r/nC/r/n．理解需要、支配需要和感情需要/r/nD/r/n．包容需要、支配需要和感情需要/r/nE/r/n./r/n理解需要、支配需要和情感需要/r/n25/r/n、早期食管癌诊断的必要条件是/r/nA/r/n./r/n癌变直径小于/r/n1.0cm/r/nB/r/n./r/n浸润深度未到达肌层，无淋巴结转移/r/nC/r/n无/r/n明显临床症状/r/nD/r/n./r/n无淋巴结转移/r/nE/r/n./r/n钡餐检查可见局限性僵硬/r/n26/r/n、大面积烧伤早期最重要的治疗是/r/nA/r/n./r/n补液/r/nB/r/n./r/n防治感染/r/nC/r/n止痛/r/nD/r/n./r/n植皮/r/nE/r/n./r/n应用破伤风抗毒素二、多项选择题（共/r/n26/r/n题，每题的备选项中，有/r/n2/r/n个或/r/n2/r/n个以上符合题意，至少有/r/n1/r/n个错项。）/r/n1/r/n、下列哪项不属于改良/r/nFIGO/r/n评分系统对滋养细胞肿瘤预后项目/r/nA/r/n./r/n年龄/r/nB/r/n./r/n肿瘤大小/r/nC/r/n夫妇双方血型/r/nD/r/n./r/n转移部位/r/nE/r/n./r/nhCG/r/n水平/r/n2/r/n、病理大体标本制作中，对固定标本的操作过程，下面不正确的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n标本固定尽量选择大一点的容器/r/nB/r/n./r/n固定液一般为标本体积的/r/n10/r/n倍/r/nC/r/n./r/n固定液一般为标本体积的/r/n1/r/n倍/r/nD/r/n./r/n先配制固定液，再将标本放入固定液中/r/nE/r/n./r/n一般固定/r/n5/r/n〜/r/n10/r/n天，再用水洗干净，放入保存液中长期保存/r/n3/r/n、”工作环境差，同事人际关系不好”对应的应激源是/r/nA/r/n.心理性应激源/r/nB/r/n.社会性应激源/r/nC/r/n.生物性应激源/r/nD/r/n.正性事件/r/nE/r/n./r/n灾难性事件/r/n4/r/n、关于类毒素正确的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n有免疫原性，无毒性/r/nB/r/n./r/n没有免疫原性，有毒性/r/nC/r/n./r/n其性质很不稳定/r/nD/r/n./r/n没有免疫原性也没有毒性/r/nE/r/n./r/n能中和毒素的毒性/r/n5/r/n、下列为恶性肿瘤的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n畸胎瘤/r/nB/r/n./r/n精原细胞瘤/r/nC/r/n./r/n纤维脂肪瘤/r/nD/r/n./r/n血管瘤/r/nE/r/n./r/n软骨/r/n母细胞瘤/r/n6/r/n、创伤后应激障碍的持续警觉性增高，下列描述错误的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n难以入睡/r/nB/r/n./r/n易激惹/r/nC/r/n./r/n注意力集中困难/r/nD/r/n./r/n过分担惊受怕/r/nE/r/n./r/n脑/r/n力容易疲劳/r/n7/r/n、早期确诊甲状腺功能减低症的实/r/n验室检查/r/n是/r/nA/r/n./r/n骨龄测定/r/nB/r/n./r/n甲状腺扫描/r/nC/r/n甲状腺抗体的测定/r/nD/r/n./r/n血清/r/nT3/r/n,/r/nT4/r/n,/r/nTSH/r/n测定/r/nE/r/n./r/nTRH/r/n兴奋实验/r/n8/r/n、以下女性生殖器官发育异常中，不影响性生活和怀孕，但影响正常分娩的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n阴道纵隔/r/nB/r/n./r/n子宫纵隔/r/nC/r/n./r/n阴道横隔/r/nD/r/n./r/n先天性宫颈闭锁/r/nE/r/n./r/n始基子宫/r/n9/r/n、下列不是慢性苯中毒的早期临床表现的是/r/nA/r/n.恶心、呕吐/r/nB/r/n./r/n头痛、头晕/r/nC/r/n./r/n失眠/r/nD/r/n./r/n乏力/r/nE/r/n./r/n记忆力减退/r/n10/r/n、甲状腺功能亢进的孕妇，心率/r/n120/r/n次/r/n//r/n分，白细胞/r/n2.5/r/nX/r/n109/L/r/n,/r/n药物治疗暂时选用/r/nA/r/n./r/n他巴唑/r/nB/r/n./r/n复方碘液/r/nC/r/n./r/n普萘洛尔/r/nD/r/n./r/n他巴唑/r/n+/r/n强的松/r/n+/r/n维生素/r/nB2E/r/n./r/n甲亢平/r/n11/r/n、刻板印象是指/r/nA/r/n./r/n思维比较死板，不灵活，发散性思维发展得不够好/r/nB/r/n./r/n记忆的品质比较/r/n稳定，记忆的内容能保持较好/r/nC/r/n./r/n第一印象比较深刻，难以磨灭，是首因效/r/n应的体现/r/nD/r/n./r/n对一个群体的心理特点的一套总的看法，不过常常是相对固定的、简单化的、过分普遍的看法/r/nE/r/n./r/n注意的范围比较狭小，所获得认识比较/r/n肤浅/r/n12/r/n、女，/r/n30/r/n岁，外伤后腰痛向右下肢放射/r/n1/r/n周，二便正常。查体：腰椎左凸畸形，腰/r/n4.5/r/n椎右侧压痛并放射至右小腿，右下肢直腿抬高试验阳性，右小腿外侧皮肤感觉迟钝，第一足趾背伸力弱，腰椎/r/nX/r/n线平片示腰椎左凸畸形，余无异常，/r/nCT/r/n扫描示腰/r/n4.5/r/n椎间隙、椎体右后软组织阴影/r/n1.0cm/r/nX/r/n0.7cm/r/n,/r/n右侧神经根受压，目前最佳治疗为/r/n入平卧硬板床，理疗，药物治疗/r/nB./r/n立即手术治疗/r/nC./r/n加强腰椎被动活动锻炼/r/nD./r/n应用抗生素/r/nE./r/n应用抗结核药物/r/n13/r/n、有关组织的固定时间，下面的描述较适宜的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n大多数组织应固定/r/n24/r/n小时，然后保存于/r/n70%/r/n的乙醇中/r/nB/r/n./r/n组织在固定液/r/n中浸泡的时间越长，对组织的固定和染色越有利/r/nC/r/n./r/n组织固定不能时间太长，/r/n一般/r/n10/r/n分钟即可/r/nD/r/n.组织固定时间不取决于温度，主要取决于组织块/r/nE/r/n./r/n固定时加热比较好/r/n14/r/n、关于卵巢激素的叙述，正确的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n雌激素是由卵泡膜细胞与颗粒细胞协同产生的/r/nB/r/n./r/n排卵前无孕激素合成/r/nC/r/n./r/n孕激素是雄激素的前身，雄激素是雌激素的前身/r/nD/r/n./r/n成熟卵泡在/r/nFSH/r/n出/r/n现陡直高峰后出现排卵/r/nE/r/n./r/n在整个月经周期中，雌激素仅在排卵前出现一次/r/n高峰/r/n15/r/n、催眠治疗中语言运用原则错误的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n尽量使用模糊或开放性的表达方式/r/nB/r/n./r/n应用过去时来表达，可以更好地/r/n引导来访者想象/r/nC/r/n./r/n多用积极肯定性的表达，少用否定句/r/nD/r/n./r/n多用表达/r/n动态动作的动词/r/nE/r/n./r/n可以使用相互矛盾的表达/r/n16/r/n、/r/nDNA/r/n上的内含子是/r/nA/r/n./r/n编码序列/r/nB/r/n./r/n结构基因序列/r/nC/r/n./r/n出现在成熟/r/nmRNA/r/n中/r/nD/r/n./r/n出现/r/n在/r/nhnRNA/r/n中/r/nE/r/n./r/n不被转录/r/n17/r/n、关于完全性和部分性葡萄胎说法正确的是/r/nA/r/n./r/n完全性葡萄胎的染色体基因组是父系来源，常见核型为/r/n69/r/n,/r/nXXX/r/n和/r/n69/r/n,/r/nXXY/r/n,/r/n部分性葡萄胎的染色体基因组是母系来源，常见核型为/r/n46/r/n，/r/nXY/r/n和/r/n46/r/n，/r/nXX/r/nB/r/n./r/n完全性葡萄胎组织学可见胎儿组织缺乏，绒毛水肿局限存在，滋养细胞轻至中度增生，羊毛及胎儿红细胞缺乏/r/nC/r/n./r/n完全性葡萄胎经检查可见，仅有部分/r/n绒毛变为水泡，经常合并胚胎或胎儿多已死亡，合并足月儿极少，且常伴发育迟缓或多发性畸形/r/nD/r/n./r/n前者子宫多大于停经月份，黄素化囊肿发生率约/r/n15%/r/n〜/r/n25%/r/n,后者子宫多小于停经月份，黄素化囊肿发生率低/r/nE/r/n./r/n完全性葡萄胎可/r/n引发妊娠高血压疾病征象，出现时间较正常妊娠早，而且症状较重容易发展子痫前期,子痫较多见/r/n18/r/n、我国慢性活动性胃炎的主要病因是/r/nA/r/n./r/n药物/r/nB/r/n./r/n食物/r/nC/r/n./r/n胆汁反流/r/nD/r/n./r/n幽门螺杆菌感染/r/nE/r/n./r/n物理因素/r/n19/r/n、肾活检标本/r/nPASM/r/n染色，基底膜呈/r/nA/r/n./r/n黑色/r/nB/r/n./r/n蓝色/r/nC/r/n./r/n红色/r/nD/r/n./r/n紫色/r/nE/r/n./r/n绿色/r/n20/r/n、关于/r/nT/r/n细胞亚群/r/nCD/r/n标志物，正确的是/r/nA/r/n．/r/nTh/r/n：/r/nCD4+CD8-B/r/n．/r/nTh/r