动名词作主语和宾语

动名词做主语和宾语的用法与练习动名词（动名词具有动词和名词的特征，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语）动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeingdone与谓语动作同时发生完成式HavingdoneHavingbeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前作主语谓语用单数。Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Readingisanart.Gettingupearlyisagoodhabit.例：1.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？-hernewbicycle.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing使用形式主语it,而将动名词放在句尾。It’snousedoing…It’snogooddoing…It’sawasteoftimedoing…例：It’snogood(wait)here.It’snouse(argue)withher.It’snogood(smoke),you’dbettergiveitup.It’sawasteoftime(wait)here.Nosmoking(=Nosmokingisallowed(here)).作宾语习惯上接动名词作宾语的动词［附记忆口诀］其后习惯上要跟动名词作宾语的常见动词有以下词汇：,admit,appreciate,avoid,burstout,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,feellike,finish,forgive,giveup,(can’t)help,imagine,keep(on),mind,miss,practise,prevent,putoff,resist,risk,(can’t)stand,stop,suggest,understand等。如：用法举例：Headmittedhavingtakenthemoney.他承认拿了那笔钱。Itwasimpossibletoavoidbeingaffected.要想不受影响是不可能的。Sheburstoutcrying(laughing,singing).她突然哭(笑，唱)起来。I’veoftenconsideredstudyingabroad.我经常在想出国留学。Theyhaveputoffleaving.他们已推迟动身。Sheenjoyshelpingherparentswiththehousework.她喜欢帮她母亲做家务。Thereisnowaytoescapedoingthework.没有办法逃脱做这项工作。Pleaseexcusemyopeningyourletterbymistake.请原谅我误拆了你的信。Therewasadeadlysilenceaftershefinishedspeaking.她说完话后是一片沉默。Pleaseforgivemyinterrupting.请原谅我打扰了。Thedoctortoldmetogiveupsmoking.医生叫我戒烟。Canyouimaginelivingwithoutelectricity?你能想象没有电的生活吗？Myshoelaceskeepcomingundone.我的鞋带老是松开。Nobodymentionedgoingtherehelpingher.没有人提到要去那儿帮助她。Wedon’tmindwaiting.我们不介意等候。Hejustmissedbeingstruck.他险些儿被打着。Theyarepractisingsingingthenewsong.他们正在练习唱新歌。Wedecidedtoputoffleaving.我们决定推迟动身。We’rewillingtorisklosingourjobs.我们愿冒失业的危险。Hesuggestedgoingtogetherinonecar.他建议大家一起坐一辆汽车去。Ijustcan’tunderstandhis[him]stealingthemoney.我简直无法理解他为什么要偷钱。后面只能用动名词做宾语的动词记忆口诀考虑建议盼原谅承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险不禁介意准逃亡难以忍受始反对想要成功坚持忙习惯放弃有困难导致专心防道歉解析：第一句包含的动词有：consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon,第二节包含的动词有：admit,delay/putoff,fancy,第三句包含的动词有：avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice,第四句句包含的动词有：deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate,第五句包含的动词有：forbid,imagine,risk第六句包含的动词有：can'thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape.第七句包含的动词有：can'tstand（难以忍受），setabout开始，着手，objectto,第八句包含动词有：feellike（想要），succeedin（成功），stickto（坚持），insiston（坚持，强调，坚决要求），bebusy（in）（忙于做某事）第九句包含的动词有：beused/accustomedto（习惯于 ），giveup（放弃），havedifficulty/trouble（in）,（做某事有困难）

第十句包含的动词有:leadto（导致），devoteto（将…奉献给；把…专用于）,prevent from （预防，防止），apologizefor（为 道歉）,,此外，haveagood/wonderful/hardtime（in）,spendtime（in）,thankyoufor,payattentionto,aimat目的在于，旨在；瞄准；企图，accuse・・・of…控告；谴责，getdownto,etc.例如：Ireallyappreciatehavingtimetorelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.（高考）Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelpbeingpersuadedintobuyingsomethingtheydon'treallyneed（）Ican'tstandworkingwithJaneinthesameoffice,shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.（）接动名词作宾语的动词「速记口诀」Mrs.PBlackmissedabeefbag.（P.布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。）「妙语诠释」该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：M=mind，r=risk，s=succeedin，P=practice，B=bebusy，l=lookforwardto，a=admit，c=can‘thelp，k=keepon，m=miss，i=insiston，s=suggest，s=stop，e=enjoy，d=delay，a=avoid，b=beworth，a=advise，g=giveup.例：Ourmonitorsuggesteddiscussionofthissubject.A.tohaveB.shouldhaveC.have例：Ourmonitorsuggesteddiscussionofthissubject.A.tohaveB.shouldhaveC.haveD.having(2)只能接不定式作宾语的动词:happen碰巧，offer主动提出，promise答应agree同意，refuse拒绝，decide决定，determine决定、决心，happen碰巧，offer主动提出，promise答应agree同意，refuse拒绝，decide决定，determine决定、决心，pretend假装fail未能够，learn学习，wish希望，hope，希望expect，期待，期望afford负担得起。(3)接动名词、不定式均可，意义一样的动词：like，love，dislike，hate，begin，star，continue，prefer，can’tbear/endure无法忍受，cease(3)接动名词、注1：v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作，不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。如:Shelikessinging,butshedoesn’tliketosingtoday.注2：在begin,start,continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作宾语没有区别，但start，begin本身为进行式或后接realize,wonder,understand等心理活动的词时，常用不定式作宾语。如：IbegantorealizethatIwaswrong.下列单词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop，try等remember,stop，try等Stoptodo停下来去做Forgettodo忘记要做Remembertodo记得要做Regrettodo遗憾要做Trytodo企图做，尽力做Goontodo继续做(另一件事)Meantodo打算做例：stopdoing停止做forgetdoing忘记做过rememberdoing记得做过regretdoing后悔做过trydoing试着做goondoing继续做(同一件事)meandoing意味做InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeansforanotherhourAwaitingBtowaiting Cwait Dtobewaiting—Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well,nowIregretthat.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdoneneed,require,want作“需要”讲，其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，beworth也有类似用法。如：Theflowersneedwatering/tobewatered.Theproblemisworthdiscussing/tobediscussed.permit,allow,forbid,require(要求)doingsth./sbtodosth.跟人作宾语后，必须用不定式作补语。例如：Thisroomwon’tallowsmoking.在这间屋里不准吸烟。Wedonotallowanybodytosmokehere.这里不许吸烟。例：一Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.It\'sworthasecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread动名词的时态和语态动名词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式所表示的动作或是与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或是在句中谓语动词动作之后发生；而它的完成式所表示的动作则一般发生在句中谓语动词动作之前。例1:Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelpintobuyingsomethingtheydon\'treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded例2：Tonywasveryunhappyfortotheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvited B.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvited D.nothavingbeeninvited动名词的复合结构带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词（名词所有格）是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如：Hercomingtohelpencouragedallofus.他来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。（=Thatshecametohelpencouragedallofus.）Jane’sbeingcarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.简的粗心惹来了不少麻烦。（=ThatJanewascarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.）What’stroublingthemistheirnothavingenoughfood.烦扰他们的是食物不足。（=What’stroublingthemisthattheyhavenotenoughfood.）在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如：Wouldyoumindmy/meusingyourcomputer?用下你的电脑介意吗？Thefatherinsistedonhisson’s/hissongoingtocollege.爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。Mary’s（不可用Mary）beingillmadehermotherupset.玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。His（不可用Him）smokingmadehisfamilyangry.他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。例：Iwouldappreciatebackthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.youcallingD.you’recalling（Key：C；换成yourcalling也对）例:Whatworriedthechildmostwastovisithismotherinthehospital.hisnotallowinghisnotbeingallowedhisbeingnotallowedhavingnotbeenallowed选择最佳选项：isagoodformofexerciseforyoungandold.A.WalkB.WalkedC.TowalkD.Walking一Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.一Well,nowIregretthat.A.todoB.tobedoingC.havedoneD.havingdoneIdon’tregretevenifitmighthaveupsether.A.totellherwhatIthoughtB.tohavetoldherthatIthoughtC.tellingwhatIthoughtD.tellingherwhatIthoughtThelibraryneeds,butitwillhavetowaituntilSunday.A.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanD.beingcleanedIcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed一Imustapologizeforaheadoftime.一That’sallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow一Whatdoyouthinkofthenovel?一Oh,it’sreally.A.wellworthreadingB.verygoodtoreadC.worthyreadingD.worthtobereadWhat’stroublingthemisenoughexperiencedworkers.A.thattheyhavingnoB.theynothaveC.theirnothavingD.nottheirhavingShelikesbutshed