2022年考研英语二真题解析估分

2022年考研英语二真题解析估分（完整版）完形填空下列每小题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的正确答案,多选、错选或不选均不得分。根据以下材料,回答1-20题HarlanCobenbelievesthatifyou'reawriter,you'llfindthetime;andthatifyou'llcan'tfindthetime,thenwritingisn'tapriorityandyou'renotawriter.Forhimwritingis_ljob-ajoblikeanyother.Hehas_2_itwithplumbing.Pointingoutthatplumberdoesn'twakeupandsaythathecan'twoerwithpipestoday._3_,likemostwritersthesedays,you'reholdingdownajobtopaythebills,it'snot_4_tofindthetimetowrite.Butit'snotimpossible.ItrequiredeterminationandSingle-mindedness05_thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhoarefairly_6oftenhavetodootherworkto_7_theirwritingincome..AsHalanCobenhassuggested,it'sa_8_ofpriorities.Tomakewritingapriority,you'llhaceto__9_someofyourday-to-dayactivitiesandsomethingyoureallyenjoy.Depengdingonyour_10_anddeyouerlifestyle.thatmightmeanspendinglesstimewatchingtelevisionprlisteningtomusic,thoughsomepeoplecanwrite_11_theylistentomusic.Youmighthaveto_12_theamountofexerciseorsportyoudo.You'llhavetomakesocialmediaan_13_activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming_14.There'llprobablyhatetobelesssocializingwithyourfriendsanlesstimewithyouerfamilyoit'sa15,learningcurve,andItwon'talwaysmakeyoupopular.There'sjustonethingyoushouldtrytokeepatleastsometimefor,_16yourwritingandthat'sreading.Anywriteneedstoreadasmadeandaswidelyastheycan,it'stheone_17_supportersomethingyoucan'tdowithout.Timeisfinite,theolderyouget,the.18itseemstogo.Weneedtouseitsocarefullyandas_19_aswecan,thatmeansprioritizingoutactivitiessothatwespendmosttimeonthethingswereallywanttodo.Ifyou'reawriter,thatmeans_20_writing.1第1题答案是ーA.difficultB.normalC.steadyD.pleasant［答案］B2.第2题答案是A.combinedB.comparedC.confusedD.confranted［答案］BA.IfB.ThroughC.OnceD.Unless［答案］B.第4题答案是ーA.enoughB.stangeC.wrongD.easy［答案］D.第5题答案是ーA.AcceptB.ExplainC.RememberD.Supposel［答案］C.第6题答案是A.wellknownB.well-advisedC.well-informedD.well-chosen［答案］A.第7题答案是A.donateB.generateC.supplement0.calculate［答案］C.第8题答案是ーA.causeB.purposeC.question0.condition［答案］C.第9题答案是A.highlightB.sacrificeC.continueD.explore［答案］B.第10题答案是ーA.relationsB.interestsC.memoriesD.slills［答案］BIL第!1题答案是A.untilB.becauseC.whileD.before［答案］C12.第!2题答案是ーA.putupwithB.makeupforC.hangontoD.cutdownon［答案］D13.第13题答案是ーA.itelligantB.occasionalC.intensiveD.emotional［答案］B14第14题答案是A.habitB.bestC.decisionD.plan［答案］A.第!5题答案是ーA.toughB.gentleC.rapidD.funny［答案］A.第!6题答案是A.暂缺B.inchargeofC.inresponsetoD.inadditionto［答案］D.第!7题答案是A.indispensableB.innovativeC.invisibleD.instant［答案］A.第18题答案是ーA.dollerB.harderC.quieterD.quicker［答案］B.第!9题答案是A.peacefullyB.generouslyC.produtivelyD.gatafilly［答案］C.第20题答案是A.atmostB.inturnC.onaverageD.aboveall［答案］D阅读理解PartA下列每小题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的正确答案,多选、错选或不选均不得分。根据以下材料,回答21-25题Wehaveallencounteredthem,inbothourpersonalandprofessionallivesThinkaboutthetimesyoufelttrickedorfrustratedbyamembershiporibscriptionthathadaseamlessign-upprocessbutwaslaterdificulttocancelSomethingthatshouldbesimpleandtransparentcanbecomplicated,intentionallyorumintentionally.Inwaysthatimpairconsumerchoice,heseareexamp-k.patterns.Firstcoinedin2010byuserexperienceexpertHarryBrigmull,dark.patterns"isacach-lltermforpracticesthatmanipulateuserinterfacestoinfuencethedecisionmakingabilityofusers.Brignullidentifis12typesofcommondarkatterms.rangingfrommisdirectionandhiddencoststoroachmotel."wherealserexperienceseemseasyandintuitiveatthestart,butturnsdifficultwhentheusertriestogetoutlna2019studyof53,000productpagesand11,000websites,researchersfoundthataboutonein10employsthesedesignpractices.Thoughwidelyprevalent,theconceptofdarkptternsisstilnotwellunderstood.BusinessandnonprofitleadersshouldbeawareofdarkpatternsandtrytoavoidthegrayareastheyengenderWhereisthelinebetweenethical,persuasivedesignanddarkpatterms?BusinessesshouldengageInconversationswithI,compliance,risk,andlegalteamstoreviewrtheirprivacypolicy,andincludeinthediscussionthecustomer/userexperiencedesignersandcodersresponsibleforthecompany'suserinterface,aswellasthemarketersandadvertisersresponsibleforsign-ups.checkoutbaskets,pricing,andpromotions.Anyoralltheseteamscanplayarolelncreatingoravoiding'digitaldeceptionLawmakersandregulatorsareslowlystartingtoaddresstheambiguityarounddarkpatternsmostrecentlyatthestatelevelInMarch,theCaliformiaamountneedtheapprovalofadditionalregulationsunderthnenseekingtoexercisetheirdataprivacyrights."Theregulationsaimtobandarkpatterns-thismeansprohbltingcompaniesfomusing'confusinglanguageorunnecessarystepssuchasforcingthemtoclickthroughmultiplescreensorlistentoreasonswhytheyshouldntoptoutAsmorestatesconsiderpromulgatingadditionalregulations,thereisaneedforgreateracountabilityfromwithinthebusinesscommunity.Darkpatternsalsobeaddressedonaself-regulatorybasis,butsonlyiforganizationsholdthemselvesaccountable,notjusttolegalrequirements,butalsotoindustrybestpracticesandstandardtcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphstatdarkpatternsA.improveuserexpererllB.leakuserinformationforprofitC.undermineusersdecision-makingD.remindusersofhiddencosts［答案］CThe2019studyondarkpatternsismentionedtoshowA.theirmajorflawsB.theircomplexdesignsC.theirseveredamageD.theirstrongpresence［答案］DTohandledigitaldeception,businessesshouldA.listentocustomerfeedbackB.talkwithrelevantteamsC.turmtoindependentagenciesD.relyonprofessionaltraining［答案］BTheadditionalregulationsundertheCCPAareintendedtoA.guideusersthroughopt-outprocessesB.protectconsumersfrombeingtrickedC.grantcompaniesdataprivacyrights0.restrictaccesstoproblematiccontent［答案］BAccordingtothelastparagraph,akeytocopingwithdarkpatternsis.A.newlegalrequirementsB.businesses'self-disciplineC.strictregulatorystandards0.consumers'safetyawareness［答案］B根据以下材料,回答26-30题Withtheglobalpopulationpredictedtohitcloseto10billionby2050,andforecasts.Thatagri-culturalproductioninsomeregionswillneedtonearlydoubletokeeppace,foodsecurityisincreasinglymakingheadlines,intheUK,ithasbecomeabigtalkingpointrecentlytoo,forratherparticularreason:Brexit.BrexitisseenbysomeasanopportunitytoreversearecenttrendtowardstheUKimportingfoodThecountryproducesonlyabout60percentofthefooditeats,downfromalmostthree-quartersinthelate1980sAmovebacktoself-sufficiency,theargumentgoes,wouldboostthefarmingindustry,politicalsovereigntyandeventhenationshealth.Soundsgreat-buthowfeasibleisthisvision?AccordingtoareportonUKfoodproductionfromtheUniversityofLeeds,UK,85percentofthecountry'stotallandareaisassociatedwithmeatanddairyproduction.Thatsupplies80percentofwhatisconsumed,soevencoveringthewholecountryinlivestockfarmswouldn'tallowustocoverallourmeatanddairyneeds.Therearemanycaveatstothosefigures,buttheyarestillgrave.Tobecomemuchmoreself-sufficient,theUKwouldneedtodrasticallyreduceitsconsumptionofanimalfoods,andprobablyalsofarmmoreintensivelymeaningfewergreenfieldsandmorefactory-styleproduction.Butswitchingtoamainlyplant-baseddietwouldn'thelp.ThereisagoodreasonwhytheUKisdominatedbyanimalhusbandry:mostofitsterraindoesn'thavetherightsoilorclimatetogrowcropsoncommercialbasis.Just25percentofthecountry'slandissuitableforcrop-growing,mostofwhichisalreadyoccupiedbyarablefields.Evenifweconvertedallthesuitablelandtofieldsoffruitandveg--whichwouldinvolvetakingoutallthenaturereservesandremovingthousandsofpeoplefromtheirhomes-wewouldachieveonlya30percentboostincropproduction.Just23percentofthefruitandvegetablesconsumedintheUKarecurrentlyhome-grown.Soevenwiththemostextrememeasureswecouldmeetonly30percentofourfreshproduceneeds.Thatisbeforewelookforthespacetogrowthegrains,sugars,seedsandoilsthatprovideuswiththevastbulkofourcurrentcalorieintake.ThesurveyconductedbyHarrisPollindicatesthatA.overhalfoftheretireesarephysicallyfitforworkB.theoldworkforceisasactiveastheyoungeroneC.oneinthreeAmericansenjoyearlierretirementD.moreAmericansarewillingtoworkinretirement［答案］DItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3thatAmericanstendtothinkthatA.retirementmaycauseproblemsforthemB.boredomcanberelievedafterretirementC.thementalhealthofretireesisoverlookedD.暂缺［答案］ARetirementpatternsarechangingpartlyduetoA.laborshortagesB.populationgrowthC.longerlifeexpectancyD.risinglivingcosts［答案］cManytetiresareincreasinginswinesbyA.InvestingmoreinstocksB.takingupoddjobsC.gettingwell-paidwordDependingless［答案］DWithregardtoretirement,BrentWeissthinlsthatmanypeopleareA.umpreparedB.UnafraidC.disappointed0.enthusiastic［答案A根据以下材料,回答31-35题。Onarecentsunnydayl3.000chickensroamoverLarryBrown's40windsweptacresinShinerTexas.SomerestintheshadeofaparkedcarOthersdrinkwaterwiththecows.Thisallseemsrandom,butit'sbydesign,partofwhatthe$6.1billionUS.eggindustrybetswillbeitsnextbigthing:climate-friendlyeggs.Theseeggs,whicharemakingtheirdebutnowonshelvesforasmuchasS8adozen,arestilllabeledorganicandanimalfriendly,butthey'realsofrombirdsthatliveonfarmsusingregenerativeagriculture-specialtechniquestocultivaterichsoilsthatcantrapgreenhousegases.Sucheggscouldbemarketedashelpingtofightclimatechange.I'mexcitedaboutourprogress"saysBrown,whoisaddingmorecovercropsthatdrawwormsandcricketsforthechickenstoeat.Thebirds'wastethenfertilizesfields.Suchimprovements"allowourhenstoforageforhigher-qualitynaturalfeedthatwillbegoodfortheland,thehens,andtheeggsthatwesupplytoourcustomers.Theeggindustryspushisthefirstmajortestofwhetheranimalproductsfromregenerativefarmscanbecomethenextpremiumoffering.inbarelymorethanadecade,organiceggswentfrombeingdismissedasanicheproductinnaturalfoodsstorestobeingsoldatWalmartMorerecentlythereweresimilardoubtsaboutprobioticsandplant-basedmeats,butbothhaveexplodedintomajorsupermarketcategories.Ifthesustainable-eggrolloutissuccessful,itcouldopenthefloodgatesforregenerativebeef,broccoli,andbeyond.Regenerativeproductscouldbeahardsellbecausetheconceptistoughtodefinequickly,saysJulieStanton,associateprofessorofagriculturaleconomicsatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityBrandywine.Suchfarmingalsobringsminimal,ifany,improvementtothefoodproducts(thoughsomeproducerssaytheireggshavemoreprotein).Theindustryisbettingthatthesameconsumerspayingmoreforpremiumattributessuchasfree-range,non-GMO,andpasture-raisedeggswillembracesustainability.Surveysshowthatyoungergenerationsaremoreconcernedaboutclimatechange,andsomeofthesuccessofplant-basedmeatcanbechalkeduptoshopperswantingtosignaltheirdesiretoprotectenvironment.Youngadults"reallycareabouttheplansaysJohnBrunnquell,presidentofEggInnovations"areabsolutelyalteringthefoodchainbeyondwhatIthinkeventheyunderstandwhatthey'redoing.Theindustryisbettingthatthesameconsurnerspayingmoreforpremiumattributessuchasfree-ranon-GMO,andpasture-raisedeggsw川embrancesustainability.Surveysshowthatyoungergenerationsmoreconcernedaboutclimatechange,andsomeotsuccessofplant-basedmeatcanbechalkedushopperswantingtosignaltheirdesiretoprotectenvironmentYongadults"realeyCareabouttheplasays.JohnBrunnquell,pesidntofEggInnovations"areabsolutelyalteringthefoodchainbeyondwhatIthinkeventhevunderstandwhatthev'redoina.theclimate-friendlyeggsareproductedA.ataconsiderablylowcosttthedemandofregularshoppersC.asareplacementfororganiceggsD.onspeciallydesignedforms［答案］ClarryBrownisexcitedabouthisprogressinA.reductingthedamageofB.accelaratinythedisposalofuestC.creatinyasustainablesystem0.attractivecustomerstohisproducts［答案］CtheexampleoforganiceggsisusedintheparagraghiftosuggestA.thedoubtstoovernaturalfeedsB.thesetbreaksintheeggsindustryC.thepotentialofregenerativeproductsD.thepromotionalsuccessofsupermarkets［答案］CItcanbelearnedfromparagraghthatyoungpeopleA.arereluctanttochangetheirdietB.arelikelytobuyclimatefriendlyeggsC.arecuriousaboutnewfoodD.areamazedatagruculoureadvornces［答案］BJohnBrungvellwoulddisagreewithJulieStantonoveregenerativeproductsA.marketsprospectsB.standarddefinitionC.marketprospectD.moriclimplication［答案］A根据以下材料,回答36-40题Althoughethicsclassesarecommonaroundtheworld,scientistsareunsureiftheirlessonscanactuallychangebehavior,evidenceeitherwayisweak,relyingoncontrivedlaboratorytestsorsometimesunreliableself-reports.ButanewstudypublishedinCognitionfoundthat,inatleastonereal-worldsituationasinglethicslessonmayhavehadlastingeffects.Theresearchersinvestigatedoneclasssessionsimpactoneatingmeat.Theychosethisparticularbehaviorforthreereasons:accordingtostudyco-authorEncSchwitgebel,aphilosopherattheUniversityofCalifomniaRiverside:studentsattitudesonthetopicarevariableandunstable;behavioriseasilymeasurable,andethicsliteraturelargelyagreesthateatinglessmeatisgoodbecauseitreducesenvironmentalharmandanimalsuffering.Halfofthestudentsinfourlargephilosophyclassesreadanarticleontheethicsoffactory-farmedmeat,optinallywatchedan11-minutevideoonthetopicandjoineda50-minutediscussion.Theotherhalffocusedoncharitablegivinginstead.Thenunknowntothestudents.theresearchersstudiedtheiranonymizedmealcardpurchasesforthatsemestermearly14.000receiptsforalmost500studentsSchwitzgebelpredictedtheinterventionwouldhavenoeffect;hehadpreviouslyfoundthatethicsprofessorsdonotdfferfomotherprofessorsonarangeofbehaviors,includingvotingrates,blooddonationandreturninglibrarybooks.Butamongstudentsubjectswhodiscussedmeatethics,mealpurchasescontainingmeatdecreasedfrom52to45percent-andthisefietheldsteadyforthestudy'sdurationofseveralweeks.Purchasesfomtheothergroupremainedat52percentThat,sactuallyaprettylargeeffectforaprettysmallinterventionSchwizgebelsays.PsychologistNinaStrohmingerattheUniversityofPennsylvania,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysshewantstheeffecttobecannotruleoutsomeunknownconfoundingvariable.Andifrealshenotes,itmightbereversiblebyanothermudge:"Easycome,easygoSchwitzgebelsuspectsthegreatestimpactcamefromsocial.Influenceclassmatesorteachingassistantsleadingthediscussionsmayhavesharedtheirownvegetarianism,showingitasachievableormorecommon.Second,thevideomayhavehadanemotionalimpact.Leastrousing,hethinkswasrationalargument,althoughhisco-authorssayreasonmightplayabiggerrole.Nowtheresearchersareprobingthespecificeffetsofteachingstyle,teachingassistantseatinghabitsandstudentsvideoexposure.MeanwhileSchwitzgebel-whohadpredictednoeffect-willbeeatinghiswords.36.ScientistsgenerallybelievethattheeffectsofethicsclassesareA.hardtodetermineB.narrowlyinterpretedC.difficulttoignoreD.poorlysummarized［答案］AWhichofthefollowingisareasonfortheresearcherstostudymeat-eating?A.Itiscommonamongstudents.B.ItisabehavioreasytomeasureC.Itisimportanttostudents'healthD.Itisahottopicinethicsclasses［答案BEricSchwitzgebel'spreviousfindingssuggestthatethicsprofessorsA.areseldomcriticaloftheirstudentsB.arelesssociablethanotherprofessorsC.arenotsensitivetopoliticalissuesD.arenotnecessarilyethicallybetter［答案］DNinaStrohmingerthinksthattheeffectoftheinterventionis_A.permanentB.predictableD.unrepeatable［答案］DEricSchwitzgebelsuspectsthatthestudentschangeinbehaviorA.canbringpsychologicalbenefitsB.canbeanalyzedstatisticallyC.isaresultofmultiplefactorsD.isasignofself-development［答案］C阅读理解PartB下列每小题的四个选项中,只有一ー项是最符合题意的正确答案,多选、错选或不选均不得分。根据以下材料,回答41-45题Movingyourbodyhasbeenshowntoreduceanxietyanddepression,lowerratesofmanytypesofcancerandtheriskofaheartattack,andimproveoverallimmunity.Italsohelpsbuildstrengthandstamina.MOREONSTAYINGFITTheMajorHealthBenefitsofEvenModestExerciseBestWaystoWorkOutonaTreadmillAHomeExercisePlanThatReallyWorksHowtoUseYourHeartRatetoHelpYouWorkOutBestEquipmentforaHomeGymGettingbackintoexercisecanbeachallengeinthebestoftimes,butwithgymsandin-personexerciseclassesoff-linitstomanypeoplethesedaysbecauseofcoVID-19concerns,itcanbetrickytoknowwheretostart.Andit'simportanttogettherightdoseofactivity."Toomuchtoosooneitherresultsininjuryorburnout,"saysMaryYoke,PhD,afacultymemberinGettingbackintoexercisecanbeachallengeinthebestoftimes,butwithgymsandin-personexerciseclassesoff-limitstomanypeoplethesedaysbecauseofcOVID-19concerns,itcanbetrickytoknowwheretostart.Andit'simportanttogettherightdoseofactivity."Toomuchtoosooneitherresultsininjuryorburnout,"saysMaryYoke,PhD,afacultymemberinthekinesiologydepartmentatIndianaUniversityinBloomington.Followthisadvicetoreturntoexercisesafely. Don'ttrytogobacktowhatyouweredoingbeforeyourbreak.Ifyouwerewalking3milesaday,playing18holesofgolfthreetimesaweek,orlifting10-pounddumbbellsforthreesetsof10reps,reduceactivityto1/mileeveryotherday,ornineholesofgolfonceaweekwithshortwalksonotherdays,oruse5-pounddumbbellsforonesetof10reps.Increasetime,distance,andintensitygradually."Thisisn'tsomethingyoucandoovernight,"Denaysays.Butyou'llreapbenefitssuchaslessanxietyandimprovedsleeprightaway. Ifyou'rebreathingtoohardtotalkincompletesentences,backoff.Ifyoufeelgood,goalitlelongerorfaster.Feelingwipedoutafterasession?Goeasiernexttime.Andstayalerttoserioussymptoms,suchaschestpainorpressure,severeshortnessofbreathorattent1onimmediately.Consistencyisthekeytogettingstrongerandbuildingenduranceandstamina.Tenminutesofactivityperdayisagoodstart,saysMarcusJackovitz,DPT,aphysicaltherapistattheUniversityofMiamiHospital.AIItheexpertswespokewithhighlyrecommendwalkingbecauseit'stheeasiest,mostaccessibleformofexercise.Althoughitcanbeaworkoutonitsown,ifyourgoalistogetbacktoZumbaclasses,tennis,cvcling,oranyotheractivitvy,walkingisalsoagreatfirststep.44. Combinecardioexercise,suchaswalking,withstrengthtrainingtokeepyourmusclesandbonesinoptimalshape.Itcanbeaseasyasstandingupandsittingdownfromachairfiveto10times.Foryourupperbody,dofiveto10pushupsagainstawallorhighcounter.Oruselow-costresistancebands,whichallowyoutodomoreexercisesthandumbbellIsdoandtakeuplessspace.Exercisingwithothers"cankeepyouaccountableandmakeitmorefun,soyou'remorelikelytodoitagain/'Jackovitzsays.Youcandoactivitiessuchasgolfandtennisortakeawalkwithothersandstillbesociallydistant.Butwhenyoucan'tconnectinperson,considerusingtechnology.Chatonthephonewithafriendwhileyouwalkaroundyourneighborhood.FaceTimeorZoomwitharelativeasyoustrengthtrainorstretchathome.Youcanalsojoinalivestreamoron-demanaexereseclass.silverSneakersoffersthemforolderadults,ortryEverWalkforvirtualchallenges.Editor'sNote:AversionofthisarticlealsoappearedintheJanuary2021issueofConsumerReportsOnHealth.A.makeitahabit.B.don'tgoitaloneC.startlowgoslowD.Talkwithyourdoctor.F.gothroughthemotionsG.Roundoutyourroutine.4L第(41)题选 A.makeitahabit.B.don'tgoitaloneC.startlowgoslowD.Talkwithyourdoctor.E.listentoyourbodyF.gothroughthemotionsG.Roundoutyourrouti