2021年12月英语四级答案真题答案解析(第二套)

2021年12月四级答案解析完整版（第二套）一、四级听力部分：NewsReportOne(1)A22-year-oldChinesewomanwhosufferedfromapersistentcoughwasshockedtolearnthatshehadapieceofchickenbonelodgedinherlung.TheunnamedwomanfromtheprovinceofShandongstartedhavecoughingproblemswhenshewas7or8yearsold.For14years,shemadenumeroushospitalvisits.However,nodoctorcouldidentifyanyproblem.Heruncontrollablecoughingwasamystery.Finally,thewomangotafullbodyscanatahospitalinthecityofQingdao.Thisspecialmedicalprocedurerevealedshehadachickenbonestuckinherlung.(2)Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone. The simpleprocedurewentsmoothlyandthewomanhasrecoveredfullywiththebonefinallyremovedfromherlung,thewomanisveryhappythatshenolongersuffersfromthatannoyingcough.Whatwasthewoman’sproblem?Howwastheproblemeventuallysolved?NewsReportTwo(3)AwhiteshapenamedPricklesthatranawayfromanAustralianfarmduringthe2013bushfiresrecentlyreturnedhome.AccordingtofarmerAliceGray,Prickleswasonlyalambwhensheranaway.Thebushfiresthathittheareabackthendestroyedalargepartofherfamily’smassiveproperty.TheythoughtPrickleshaddiedinthefire.Butinstead,theyoungsheepescapedintoa200-acreforestnearthefarm.(4)Oncethefireswereover,thefamilyhadtofixthedamagedonetothefarmasitwassuchalargeproperty,whichincludedrebuildingabout40kilometersoffencing.ItwasthishugefencingthatpreventedPicklesfromfindingherwayback.Overtheyears,thefamilyspottedherafewtimes.Theyevenrecordedherwithcamerasinstalledtomonitortheactivity.ButwhentheyknewPringleswasalive,theycouldn’tfindherandneverexpectedhertoreturnbyherself.Sevenyearslater,theywereprovenwrong.WhatdoesthenewssayaboutthewhitesheepPrickles?Whatthefamilydoofthebushfires?NewsReportThree(5)TonsofgoldhavefallenoutoftheskyinRussiaafteracargoplanemalfunctionedinmidairthismorning.Theaircraftwascarrying265millionpoundsworthofgoldanddiamonds,whenthedoorflewopen,sendingthepreciousmetalbacktoearth.Accordingtotheofficialnewsagency,Russianauthoritieshaverecoveredmorethan170goldbarsweighing20kilogramseach.TheplanewastravelingfromYakutskairportinamajordiamondproducingregiontothecityKrasnoyarskinSiberia.(6)However,theaircraftmadeanemergencylandinginMaganafterbeganlosingsomeofitsvaluablecargo.Reportssuggestsomebarsofgoldwerescattereduptofifteen milesawayfromtheairport.NinetonsofgoldonplaneAN12belongedtoagoldminecompany.Policehavesealedofftherunwayandsayitisunclearifitwasanaccidentoranattemptedrobbery.(7)Technicalengineerswhoworkedontheplanepriortotakeoffarereportedlygoingtobequestionedbythepolice.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?Whatdidtheaircraftdowhentheincidenthappened?Whatdoesthenewsreportsayaboutthetechnicalengineerswhoworkedontheplanebeforetakeoff?ConversationOneWhydoesthemanhavethisconversationwiththemanrecorded?Hisjobisrelatedtothecustomerservice.Whatisthewoman’spurposeoftothefurniturecompany?Shewantstoknowwhenshecangethermoneyback.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherbankcard?ThenewbankcardwillbesenttoheronTuesday,andthebankmayhascanceledtheoldonebeforethemanmadethepayment.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?Sheneedstoupdatethecarddetailsdirectlyonthewebsite.ConversationTwoWhyisn’tthemangoingtocook?He’swornout.Whatdoesthemansayhe’llonhisphone?He’llusethefooddeliveryapponhisphone.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheIndianfood?That’snotthekindofthehotshemeans.Sheneedssomethingmild.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?She’sreallydifficulttoplease.PassageOne(16)AnewstudycarriedoutbytheuniversityofLincolnhasfoundalinkbetweenthepersonalitiesofcatownersandthebehaviorandwellbeingoftheircats.Thefindingssuggestthatjustasapparentpersonalitycanaffectthepersonalityofachild,thesameistrueforacatanditsowner.Ownersdefinedasindividualswithhighlevelsofanxiety,fear,anger,depressionandlonelinessweremorelikelytohavecatswithbehavioralissues.Suchcatsdisplaymoreaggressiveandanxiousbehavioralstylesaswellasmorestressrelatedsickness.Theywillalsomorelikelytohaveanongoingmedicalconditionandbeoverweight.Theresearchalsofoundthatmentallywell-adjustedownershadcomefromhappierandhealthiercats.Researchersexplainedthatmanyownersregardtheirpetsasafamilymemberandformclosesocialbondswiththem.(17)Themajorityofownerswanttoprovidethebestcarefortheirpetsandisthereforepossiblethatpetscouldbeaffectedbythewaytheirownersinteractwithandmanagethem.Thestudyhighlightsanimportantrelationshipbetweenourpersonalitiesandthewell-beingofourpets.Furtherresearchisneededtoinvestigatethecauseofnatureofthisrelationship and look at how owners’ personalities are influencingtheirpet’sbehaviorandwell-being.Itispossiblethatthewell-beingofpetsisdrivenbytheunderlyingnatureoftheownernotsimplybytheirconsciousdecisionsandbehaviors.WhatdowelearnfromthenewstudybytheUniversityofLincoln?Whatdoesthepassagesaymostpetownerswanttodo?Whatdoesthepassagesayit’sstillneededtounderstandtheeffectsofowners’personalitiesontheirpets?PassageTwoOne50-minuteruncanaddsevenhourstoyourlife.ThiswasaclaimmadebyTheTimeslastweek.Theclaimwasbasedonanewreviewofstudiesabouttheeffectsofrunning.Thereviewconcludedthatanaveragerunnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runnersandthatrunningdoesmoretoextendlifethananyotherformofexercise.Butthere’smoretorunningthanitshealthbenefits.(20)Researchpublishedinrecentyearshaveshownthatrunningchangesyourbrainandmindinsomefascinatingwaysfromincreasingyourbrainfunctiontoregulatingyouremotions.However,thepreciseeffectsvaryaccordingtowhetheryouengageinshortfastrunningorlongdistancerunning.Forexample,inonestudy,researcherscomparedparticipants’abilitytolearnnewwordsafterseveralminutesofintenserunning,andafter40minutesofgentlerunning,participantswereabletolearn20percentfasteraftertheintenserunningandtheyshowedasuperiormemorywhentestedagainaweeklater.Inanotherstudy,researchersaskedvolunteerstojogfor30minutesandthenshowedthemclipsfromasadmovie.Participantswhousuallystruggledtohandlenegativeemotionsweremoreintenselyaffectedbythesadclipsjustasyou’dexpect.Butcrucially,thiswaslesssoiftheyhadcompletedthe30minutesjog.(21)Theresearcherssaidmoderateexerciseappearstohavehelpedthoseparticipantstobelessvulnerabletotheimpactofthesadmovie.Whatdidthenewreviewofstudiesclaim?Whatisoneeffectthatrunninghasonpeopleaccordingtorecentresearch?Whatdidanotherstudyfindabouttheparticipantaftertheyhada30minutesjog?PassageThreeWelcometothetouroftheHillHouse.Thishousebuiltin1904isoneofthemostwell-knownworksofCharlesHill,thefamousarchitect.Itwasdesignedandbuiltforlocalentrepreneurandhisfamily.Beforestartingthetour,letmegiveyouabriefintroductionaboutthedesignofthisamazingbuilding.(23)Priortobeginninghisdesign,thearchitectspendssometimeintheclient’soldhome,observingtheirlifeandstudyingtheirhabits.Thismeantthathecoulddesignthehouseaccordingtotheneedsofthefamily.(24)Theclient’smaindesirewastohaveahomewithunique design, so the architectwas given completefreedom. Thebuildingstyleisradicallydifferentfromwhatwasthefashionoftheperiod.Atthetime,mostlargehomeswereconstructedoftimberandbrick.Thisone,however,ismadeofconcrete,anovelconstructionmaterialinthosedays.Theinteriorofthehouse,includingthefittingsandfurniture,wasalsodesignedbythesameperson.Mostofthefurnitureyouwillseeisoriginalandingoodcondition.However,(25)bothpiecesinthechildren’sbedroomsarecopiesbuilttothedesignsofthearchitect.Fortunately,alltheblueprintsforboththebuildinganditscontentshavebeenpreserved,sowe’vebeenabletoreplacebadlydamagedfurniture.Let’sbeginourtour,startingfromtherooms.Whatdowelearnaboutthespeaker?Heistheguideofthetour.Whatdisthearchitectdobeforebeginninghisdesign?Whatdidthearchitect’sclientmainlywant?Whatdowelearnaboutthepiecesoffurnitureinthechildren’sbedrooms?D)HedidanunusualgooddeedC)GivesomemoneytothewaiterA)Whetherornottomovetothestate'smainlandB)ItcoststoomuchmoneyA)ToinvestigatewhetherpeoplearegratefulforhelpC)TheyhelddoorsopenforpeopleatvariousplacesB)MostpeopleexpressgratitudeforhelpC)ToenquireaboutsolarpanelinstallationD)Hehasalargefamily.B)ThecostofasolarpanelinstallationD)AboutfiveyearsA)AtatravelagencyD)Shewantedtospendmoretimeherfamily.14D)Twoweeks.A)ChoosingsomeactivitiesherselfD)PayagreentaxuponarrivalA)Ithasnotbeendoingagoodjobinrecycling.B)Tobansingle-useplasticbagsandstrawsonBaliland.D)ItspopulationisnowshowingsignsofincreaseC)CommercialhuntingD)ToseekbreedinggroundsC)TheyconsumelessmilkthesedaysA)ItisnotashealthyasoncethoughtC)TheylackthenecessaryproteinstodigestitB)Itprovidessomenecessarynutrients二、四级选词填空部分：Whenmysoncompletesatask,Ican'thlepbutpraisehim.B.constantG.negativeK.repeatedlyL.rewardedCdisappointing31.H.outcome32.1.patternD.distinguishN.simply35.0.undertaken三、四级信息匹配部分：TheHistoryoftheLunchBox[F]Citykids,ontheotherhand,wenthomeforlunchandcameback.[j]Thecompanysold600,000unitsthefirstyear.[〇]Theintroductionofbackpackschangedthelunchboxsceneabit^headds.[C]LunchboxeshavebeenconnectingkidstocartoonsandTVshowsandsuper-heroesfordecades.[H]Andtheneverythingchangedintheyearof1950.41.[L]Thenewtrendwasalsoagreatexampleofplannedobsolescence,thatis,todesignaproductsothatitwillsoonbecomeunfashionableorimpossibletouseandwillneedreplacing.[D]Let'sstartbackatthebeginningofthe20thcentury-thebeginningofthelunchboxstory,really.[A]Itwasmadeofshiny,brightpinkplasticwithaLittleMermaidstickeronthefront,andIcarrieditwithmenearlyeverysingleday.[M]ThemetallunchboxcrazeLasteduntilthemid-1980s,whenplastictookover.[I]Butthesecontainerswerereallydurable.lastingyearsonend.四、四级仔细阅读部分：P146AWhentheydon*thavethechancetodowhattheywant47DHarmfulconductBManyvolunteerschoosetohurtthemselvesratherthanendureboredomCItmaypromotecreativethinking.DAllowoneselfsometimetobebored.P2.BForestsarefastshrinkinginmanydevelopingcountries.CThosethatusedtohavethelowestforestcoverage.AThegovernment’sadvocacyCTheircapabilityofimprovingairqualityDDevelopedanddevelopingcountriesaremovinginoppositedirections五、四级作文部分：WritingDirections：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteonthetopicChangesintheWayofTransportation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.范文：ChangesinthewayoftransportationAstheinternetisdevelopingsorapidly,thewayoftransportationkeepschanging surprisingly. New applications on transportation abundantly,contributingtothefactthatpeople*slifestylehasbeenchangedaswell.Thechangesinthewayoftransportationcanbelistedasfollows.Firstofall,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,thepriceoftransportationismuchcheaperthanbefore.Moreover,comparedwith