秘籍03阅读板块之主旨大意题（学生版）

秘籍03阅读板块之主旨大意题目录高考预测考查概率预测；难度预测；考向预测应试秘籍常考题型解题技法分析典例剖析单题训练（文体分类）篇章模考题训练误区点拨常见错点梳理习题训练巩固名校模拟2022最新省市联考真题考点综合训练课后训练主旨大意题：说明文+记叙文：共5套概率预测☆☆☆☆☆难度预测☆☆☆☆①记叙文的考查（重点句的把握）考向预测②说明文的考查（文章结构；谁明对象）③议论文的考查（中心论点的把握）记叙文、说明文和议论文三种体裁的阅读文章，都会要求在理解文意的基础上，从所给选项中选出适合文章的标题。.从考点频率看，（必考点；15个阅读理解题；主旨题占比1・3个）.从题型难度看，较难；基本几种在题型句式的替换方面；细节知识总结方面一：题型分类以及设问方式L概括文章大意任何文章都有自己的中心思想（mainidea）,有些文章在全文或各段的开头便展示出文章的中心思想。阅读时将每个段落的中心要点归纳总结，即可得到整篇文章的中心思想。每个段落的中心要点往往是通过主题句（topicsentence）来体现的。考生可采取略读法，以搜寻各段主题句为目标，快速扫视全文,把注意力集中在主要信息上，而不是过分注意细节事实。一般来说，文章的主题或中心会在第一段或最后一段表明，而某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，还有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,但字里行间无不体现主题。这就要求考生在阅Theshiftofteens1life.AnintroductionofBryant'stask.Bryant'schallengeasafosterparent.ThereasonforBryant'sbeingafosterparent.例4、（湖北省十一校高三英语第二次联考）Weoftenhearthat60isthenew50.Justcheckoutimagesofyourgrandparentsorgreat-grandparentsandnoticetheirstooped（驼背）bodies,theirwrinkledfaceswhentheywerebarelypushing60.Whatacontrastwithenergetic,gym-goingsexagenarians（60几岁的人）oftoday!Aresearch,overseenbygerontologistTainaRantanen,comparedadultsbornin1910and1914withthosebornroughly30yearslater.Bothbirthgroupswereexaminedinpersonatage60andagainat70withthesamesetofsixphysicaltestsandfivemeasuresofcognition.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleareagingbetter,Educationisapowerfulinfluenceonagingandhealth,saysLuigiFerrucci,scientificdirectoroftheU.S.NationalInstituteonAging:"Withmoreeducation,youareprobablygoingtohavealargerincome,whichmeansyouaremorelikelytogotothedoctor,andhavegoodnutrition.vHealsopointsoutthattheaveragelifespanissevenyearsshorterinapoorstatesuchasMississippithaninawealthieronesuchasCalifornia."Herewestillhavelotsofpeoplewhocannottakethedrugstheyneedbecausetheycannotpayforthem.nhesays.Inshort,60maybethenew50formanyofusbutnotforall.31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Manyreasonscontributetopeople'sbetterphysicalfunction.Today'senergeticsexagenarianshavemuchbetterimages.Educationisthekeytopeople'sagingbetter.Peopletodayareagingbetterinmanyways.例5、（2022届湖南新高考教学教研联盟高三第二次联考）TheLanternFestivalalsomarksthelastdayofthelunarNewYearcelebration.Thoughfarfromhome,thefestivesentimentsinspacearethesame.TheChinaMannedSpaceAgencyreleasedavideoonsocialmediaplatformsonTuesday,showingthatthetaikonautshaddecoratedtheorbitingcoremodulewithredlanterns,Chineseknotsandpaper-cuttingdecorations.Wearingnewclothes,thetrio（三人小组）enjoyedthetraditionsofeatingdumplingsandpostingspringcoupletsonwalls.DuringtheChineseNewYearholiday,theywerealsospottedwatchingtheWinterOlympicsanddoingworkoutsinorbit.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ChinesefolksonguJasmineFlower11isplayedonspacestationB.Taikonautssendblessingstothe,BeijingWinterOlympicsathletesC.TaikonautskeepLanternFestivaltraditionsaliveonspacestationD.Chinamakesmajorbreakthroughsintheouterspaceexploration例6、（2022届八省市高三第一次联考）Butactually,hackingisjustanactivity.Whatseparatesanyactivityfromacrimeis,veryoften,permission.Peoplearefreetodrive,buttheydonothavepermissiontodrive150milesperhour,whichisacriminaloffense.Sinceadriverisjustadriver,whymustahackerbeacriminal?Someonewhoengagesintheillegaluseofhackingshouldnotbecalleda'badhacker'buta'cybercriminal'.Contrarytopopularbelief,mosthackerslikeMike'sfatherundoubtedlyplayanimportantroleinkeepingcompaniesandpeoplesafe.Whatmessagedoestheauthorreallywanttoconveyinthetext?Ilackingmostlycounts.Ilackingisactuallyacrime.Hackingispopularwithpeople.Hackingneedslicenses.例7、（“皖南八校”2022届高三第二次联考）TheproposalforanewIndonesiancapitalcityhasbeenonthecardseversincethecountrygainedindependencefromtheDutchin1945.Thepoliticalandeconomiccriseswhichfollowedhavelongdelayedtheplan,butcurrentpresident,JokoWidodo,nowappearsdeterminedtomakethemoveareality.ThegovernmentofficiallyconfirmedthatthecapitalwillbemovedfromJakartatoanewlocationwithinKalimantan,partoftheislandofBorneoinIndonesia.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Movetonew.B.Citybuiltonswamp.C.ProtecttheForestCity.D.Abandonthehome.课后习题综合训练Forthefirsttimein100years,theendangeredCaliforniacondor（秃鹰）willreturntothePacificNorthwest.Asthelargestlyinglandbird,theCaliforniacondorwasonceinadifficultsituationofextinction,butnowhasmadenoticeablestepstowardsrecovery.CaliforniacondorsprehistoricallylivedfromCaliforniatoFlorida.Bythemid-20thcentury,condorpopulationhaddecreasedduetoillegalhunting.In1967,theCaliforniacondorwaslistedasendangeredwithapopulationof50to60.Fifteenyearslater,only23condorssurvivedworldwide.By1987,allremainingwildcondorshadbeenplacedintoabreedingprogram.Thus,arecoveryprogrambegan.Asaresultofexcellentreintroductionefforts,therearenowover300CaliforniacondorsinthewildinAmerica.Thereturnofcondorstotheskiesisakeysteptowardstherecoveryofthebeautifulscenery.ThesecreaturesareessentialmembersoftheirecosystemsandplayaveryimportantroleintheculturalbeliefsoftheYurokTribe.Becausecondorshaveanirreplaceableplaceintheirculture,theYurokTribehasledthisreintroductioneffortandcompletedagreatdealofworkoverthepasttwelveyears.Recently,theU.S.FishandWildlifeServiceNationalParkService,andtheYurokTribecametogethertoannounceafinalrule.ThisrulewillhelptofacilitatethecreationofanewCaliforniacondorreleaseplaceforthereintroductionofcondorstoYurokAncestralTerritoryandRedwoodNationalandStateParks.Consideringthedateofthecompletionofthecondorreleaseplacemaybeaheadofschedule,theactualreleaseofcondorswouldbespringof2022.SteveMietz,headofRedwoodNationalandStateParkssaid,nWewillcontinuetoworkwithourpartnersincondorrecovery.Touristscanvisitthetallesttreesinourparkswhilewatchingthelargestbirdsintheworldflyoverhead.*'WhathappenedtoCaliforniacondorsinthe20thcentury?A.Theirpopulationdecreased.B.Theywerelistedasrareanimals.C.Theychangedtheirhabitats.D.Therewereonly23condorsinCalifornia.WhydoestheYurokTribemakeeffortstorecovercondors?Condorsareakeypartofbeautifulscenery.Condorsplayanessentialroleintheirculture.Theyrelyoncondorstostudytheecosystem.Condorsarethetribe*smainincomesource.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''facilitate1'meaninParagraph4?A.Protect.B.Build.C.Design.D.Speed..Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?SavingtheendangeredCaliforniacondors.Californiaisworkingtoprotectcondors'habitat.CondorsarereturningtoNorthernCaliforniaskies.Seeingcondorsbackagainafterahundredyears.B"Twelveyearsago,Iwasaprofessionaldancerandblackbeltintaekwondo（跆拳道）whenadiseasewentundiagnosedandwipedoutmymuscularsystem.Ifinallyendeduponlifesupportinintensivecarewithorganfailure.Kaufinanrecalled,"Iwentfi*omlivingthisbiglifetonotknowinghowIwasgoingtosurvive.Fortunately,onmybirthdayin2009,1receivedanewheartandwasgivenasecondchanceatAftervolunteeringinLosAngeleshospitals,Kaufmanstartedthenon-profit,Ava'sHeart.Sheandherorganizationofferedtransplantpatientsservicesthatwereoftennotcoveredbyinsurance,includingfood,gas,co-paysonmedicines,andhousing.“WhatIfoundoutwasthatifyoudidn'thavepost-transplant-housing,youcouldn'tgetlistedandadmittedintothehospital,“Kaufmansaid.Sheleanedthatforthenearly110,000peopleintheUSwaitingforalifesavingorgantransplant,itwasnotjustamatterofaddingyournametothelist.Patientsmustbefinanciallysecureandbeabletoaffordtransportation.What'smore,theymustfindaccommodationsneartheirtransplanthospital:Kaufmanrunstwohousinglocations,whichallowsthepatientstoremainclosetotheirtransplanthospitalduringtheperiodoftheiraftercare,typicallyaboutthreemonthsatnocost.Herorganizationalsohelpsdonorfamilies,whichshethinksmakesthewholecirclecomplete."Oneorgandonorcansaveeightlivesandthenthere'stissueandskinandeyesandbloodvessels（血管）andsomanyotherthings,”Kaufmansaid."Thedonoristhewholestory.Withoutthedonor,therearenotransplantcenters,notransplantsurgeons,nome.Inmyeyes,thedonorsaretheheroes.^^Todate,Ava'sHearthashelpednearly90familieswithburialcostsfortheirlovedoneswhoseorganshavesavedcountlesslives.Kaufmanalsoworkscloselywiththosewhoreceivedonationstobuildrelationshipswithdonorfamiliesandspreadawarenessabouttheimportanceoforgandonation.2O.WhydidKaufmantakeabouthermemoryinParagraph1?A.Toillustratethesignificanceoflife.B・Torecallherplainandboringdays.Toindicatehermotivationforpayingback.Toconfirmherenthusiasmfortheprofession.Foratransplantpatient,admissionintothehospitalrequiresthefollowingEXCEPT.A.healthinsuranceB.nearbyhousingC.financialsecurityD.affordtransportationWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKaufman?A.Braveandcaring.B.Gratefulandwarm-hearted.C.Considerateandhardworking.D.Sympatheticandeasy-going.Whatmessagedoesthetextmainlyconvey?It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.B・Theblessedbeartheheartofgiving.Healthmattersmuchmorethanwealth.Volunteeringmakestheworldabetterplace.Bostonwantstobesmarter.Thecityhastakenadvantageoftechnologiestobecomemoreresponsivetoitsresidents*needs.Buttechnologyaloneisnotsufficienttomaketoday'scitiesliveable.Bostonhasdiscoveredthatitalsoneedstoreachtheold-fashionedlow-techcommunityandintegratethattechnologywithcitylife.KrisCarterrolledoutBoston'ssmartcityprogramin2014.ItstartedwithanAppthatresidentscoulddownloadtoreportlocationswheresidewalksneededrepair.Thecitysortedoutthosereportsandrankedtheminadatabase,whichrepaircrewsusedtoprioritizetheirwork.Thesystemworkedbeautifully,exceptforoneproblem:mostofthealerts（警报）camefromwealthierneighborhoods,wheretheconcentrationofsmartphone-equippedresidentswashighest."ThecomplaintsfromtheAppdidn'talwayscorrelatewiththegreatestcommunityneedforrepairs,nexplainsCarter.Carter'sgrouphasmovedawayfromthemodelcommontomanysmartcityinitiativesoflettingtech-savvy（精通技术的）residentsdrivetheprocess.Instead,theyrunmeetingstofindoutwhatproblemspeopleindifferentneighborhoodscareaboutsolving.Whenitcametosidewalks,Bostonintroducedasecondmethodofcollectingrepairtips,hiringpeopletogetoutandwalkthecity's1,700milesofsidewalkstotakenotesontheircondition.Whetherusinglow-techorhigh-techapproaches,saysCarter,tostaysmart,acityneedstocontinuallyreassessitsoptionstospotopportunitiestoimproveresidents*lives.Takethesidewalkrepairprogram,walkingonthestreetswasprovedauseful,ifinefficientwaytoprioritizerepairneeds.Butlastyearthegroupfoundthatwalkers'mobilephonescouldbetrackedastheymovedalongthestreets,andthatdatacouldbeanalyzedtoidentifysidewalkrouteswhicharemostoftenusedbyneighborhoods."Combinedwithourothersidewalkinformation,thatgaveusanevenbetterwaytopredictwherefasterrepairswoulddothemostgood,"saysCarter,nWefrereallyalwayslookingforwhatevermixofapproachesbestsolvestheproblem."Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecitizens*life.B.Thecity*sreputation.C.Thecity'smanagement.D.Thebenefitsoftechnology.WhatproblemdidKrisCarter,steammeetwhencarryingouttheirprogram?Theyfacedmanytechnicalobstacles.Theycouldn'tserveallresidentswell.Theywerenotsupportedbyresidents.Theywereannoyedbybeingshort-staffed.WhichofthefollowingmightKrisCartermostagreewith?Maximizingthebenefitsoftechnology.Mixingapproachesforsolvingproblems.Givingfullplaytothepowerofresidents.Lettingtechcompaniesbealeadingrole.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ASmartCity:MoreThanJustTechACitywithIntelligentFacilitiesJoint-effortinCityConstructionTheModernizationofaCityDTheRiverThameshassomeofthehighestrecordedlevelsofmicroplasticsforanyriverintheworld.Scientistshaveestimatedthat94,000microplasticspersecondflowdowntheriverinplaces.ThequantityislargerthanthatmeasuredinotherEuropeanrivers,suchastheDanubeandRhine.TinybitsofplastichavebeenfoundinsidethebodiesofcrabslivingintheThames.ResearchersatRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon,arecallingforstricterregulationsonthelabellinganddisposalofplasticproducts.Theywarnthatcarelessdisposalofplasticglovesandmasksduringthecoronaviruspandemicmightmaketheproblemofplasticpollutionworse.“Takentogether,thesestudiesshowhowmanydifferenttypesofplastic,frommicroplasticsinthewaterthroughtolargeritemsofdebrisphysicallyalteringtheforeshore,canpotentiallyaffectawiderangeoforganismsintheRiverThames,saidProfDaveMorrittfromRoyalHolloway,"Theincreaseduseofsingle-useplasticitems,andtheinappropriatedisposalofsuchitems,includingmasksandgloves,alongwithplastic-containingcleaningproducts,duringthecurrentCOVID-19pandemic,maywellmakethisproblemevenworse.”ManyformsofmicroplasticswerefoundintheThames,includingglitter,microbeadsfromcosmeticsandplasticdebrisfromlargeritems.Mostofthemicroplasticscamefromthebreak-downoflargeplastics,withfoodpackagingthoughttobeasignificantsource."Flushable''wetwipeswerefoundinhighabundanceontheshorelineforming“wetwipereefs^.Studyresearcher,KatherineMcCoy,said,“Ourstudyshowsthatstricterregulationsareneededfbrthelabellinganddisposaloftheseproducts.ThereisgreatrangetofurtherresearchtheimpactsofmicroplasticsandindeedmicrofibresonThamesorganisms.Whatdidtheresearchersmainlysuggest?A.Stricterregulationsshouldbemade.B.Peopleshouldn*teatcrabsforawhile.C.PeopleshouldcuttheuseofplasticglovesD.Plasticmasksshouldn'tbethrownawaycarelessly.WheredidmostmicroplasticsfoundintheRiverThamescomefrom?A.Wetwipes.B.Foodpackaging.C.Cleaningproducts.D.Single-useplasticmasks.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WildlifeBeingThreatenedbyMicroplastics.B.FormsofMicroplasticsFoundintheThames.C.RiverThamesSeverelyPollutedwithPlastic.D.InappropriateDisposalofSingle-usePlastics.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Science.B.Environment.C.Health.D.Education.EChina*sMarsrover,Tianwen-1,willlikelyattempttolandatasiteinnortheasternMars,accordingtoanewpaperpublishedjustdaysaheadofthemission'slaunch.ThepaperwaswrittenbyteammembersofChina'sTianwen-1Marsmission,whichaimstosendanorbiterandarovertotheRedPlanet.ThestudyrevealsnewdetailsaboutTianwen-1,outliningitsintendedlandingarea,sciencegoalsandthenamesofinstrumentsaboardthespacecraft.Italsostressesthehistoricnatureofthemission:NotonlyisTianwen-1China'sfirstfullyhomegrownMarsmission,it'salsothefirsttocarrybothanorbiterandarover.Tianwen-1means"questionstoheaven"andwastakenfromthetitleofapoembyQuYuan(340一278BC).ThespacecraftwillreachMarsinFebruary2021,atthesametimeasNASA'sPerseveranceroverandtheUnitedArabEmirates5HopeorbiterlaunchedonSunday(July19).However,China'sroverwillremainattachedtotheorbiterfortwotothreemonthsbeforeattemptingitslanding,accordingtothepaper.ThechosenlandingareaisUtopiaPlanitia,ahugebasinformedbyalargeimpactfarbackinMars*historythatwasalsotheregionwhereNASAfsViking2landertoucheddownin1976.Chinahadisolatedapartofthevastplainasalandingarea,whichmeanstherewillbemoretimeandatmospherefortheentryspacecrafttoslowdownandsafelylandonthesurface.Thelatitudeisalsosuitableforreceivingenoughsunlighttopowerthe240kilogramsrover.Therelativelysmoothsurfacewillalsobehelpfulforroving.ThemissionalsobenefitsfromtheengineeringheritageofChina'sChang'elunarexplorationprogram,thepapernoted.TheTianwen-1orbiterwilloperateinapolarorbitinordertomapMars.Theroverwillalsoinvestigatethesurfacesoilcharacteristicsandwater-icedistributionwithitsownSubsurfaceExplorationRadar.ItwillalsoanalyzesurfacematerialcompositionandcharacteristicsoftheMartianclimateandenvironmentonthesurface.28.Whatsthepurposeofthepassage?TolayoutkeydetailsaboutTianwen-1.TostatehowTianwen-1wasinvented.TostressthehistoricmeaningofTianwen-1.ToanalyzecharacteristicsoftheMartianclimate.WhatismostspecialaboutTianwen-1accordingtoPara.2?ItwasnamedafterQuYuan,afamouspoetinChinesehistory.ItwillreachMarsatthesametimeasNASA'sViking2.Itwillremainfor2or3monthsonMars.ItwillcompleteorbitingandrovinginaMarsmission.WhyisUtopiaPlanitiachosenasthelandingareaofTianwen-1?TherareairthereissuitablefortheflightofTianwen.TheareacanprotectTianwen-1fromtoomuchsunlight.Ithasrelativelysmoothsurface,whichishelpfulforroving.Thereisnospacecraftsuccessfullylandingthereinhistory.Thelastparagraphstatesmainly.Tianwen-TshistoriccontributionsTianwen-TsacademicadvantagesB.Tianwen-TsnewradarinstrumentsTianwen-Tsscientificgoals读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实来总结主旨大意。常见的提问方式：Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestsummarize/sumupthemainideaofthepassage?Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Themainideaofthepassageis.Thepassageismainlyabout.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.总结归纳标题文章的标题(title)是文章的“眼睛”，通过这双“眼睛”考生可略知文章大意。选准一个适当的标题，应做到：(1)把握文章大意。不能把文章某一段的大意看作整篇文章的大意，更不可把文章的细节看成文章的大意,从而给文章加上一个观点片面的标题。文章的标题实际上是对文章大意最简洁的概括,标题与文章大意息息相关。(2)抓住文章的主题句。因为文章的大意和文章的主题句是一脉相承的，抓住了文章的主题句就抓住了文章的灵魂。(3)注意文章的体裁和写作目的。叙事类文章是为了记叙一件事或一个人物，表达作者的某种感情,所加标题应体现叙事类文章的特点。说明文是为了说明一个事物或过程，标题应体现说明文的特点。常见的提问方式：Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe.总结段落大意每个段落通常都有个中心思想，通常中心思想会在首句体现出来，这就是段落主题句。采用归纳法的段落,细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句会在段尾;采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后举例子，主题句会出现在段首,这种情况主要出现在说明文和议论文中;若作者采用由特殊到一般,然后再由一般到特殊的方式，主题句会出现在句中。有时作者没有明显写出主题句，需要考生根据段落内容去归纳概括段落大意。常见的提问方式：What'sthefirst/second/third...paragraphmainlyabout?WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizeParagraph...?What'sthemainideadiscussedinthefirst/second/third/...paragraph?Themainideaofthefirst/second/third...paragraphprobablyisthat.三：主旨大意题选项特点(1)正确选项特点：♦涵盖性强，覆盖全文或者整个段落内容。♦精确性强,能恰当表达原文主题和中心思想。♦短小醒目，这是标题类选项的特点,是文章的点睛之笔。(2)干扰选项特点：♦覆盖面太大，超出了短文论述的范围。♦以偏概全，涉及的只是短文的某一部分或者某一个细节,或是某一个段落的要点或者部分。♦与短文有交集，但偏离文章或者段落主旨。.文章主旨大意题一寻找主题句，归纳概括关键词:★分析文章结构,判断文章体裁★识别段落主题句，归纳总结★注意转折、疑问、重复等关键信息寻找主题句时可以使用以下小技巧:①转折词语后面的部分有可能是主题句;②段首出现疑问时,回答部分可能是主题句;③作者有意识重复强调的观点往往是主旨;反复出现的词语往往是体现主旨的关键词;④表示总结或者结论的句子常包含therefore,inshort,conclude,thus等信息词。.凝练标题概括题一准确概括全文，简洁醒目关键词:★概括全文★有针对性★简洁醒目标题的特点是短小精悍，简洁醒目，概括性强，因而标题的拟定应以话题为中心，遵循“概括性、针对性和醒目性”原则。选择文章标题时可以使用以下小技巧:①从正面考虑，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨;②从反面考虑，撇开原文，考虑选项，设想以它们为标题写出的文章会是什么内容，然后和原文对照，逐一排除;③研读选项的中心词、修饰词的变化，与原文内容比对。.归纳段落大意题一寻找主题句，归纳概括关键词:★寻找段落主题句★比对选项★参考全文大意归纳段落大意时，一定要在把握全段以及全文中心思想的基础上进行。主题句可能出现在段首、段中或者段尾。段落大意要用明确、完整、简洁的语句表达。归纳段落大意时可使用以下小技巧:①分析段落结构:如果段落是“总一分”结构，主题句一般在段首;如果是“分一总”结构，主题句一般在段尾;如果是“分一总一分”结构，主题句一般在段中;如果是对比各个事物，那么相同点或者不同点就是该段的主旨。②对于没有主题句的段落，要根据各种暗示,充分运用想象力和判断力,选择与作者说话语气相符的选项。例1、EverydaysinceearlyJuly,TiffanyWonghasbeenpaintingasmallwatercolorofonewomanandthensharingthepaintingontheInternet,providingbackgroundinformationabouteachwoman.Wongstartedtheprojecttogivemorepeopleachancetolearnaboutthedifferentrolesoffamouswomeninhistory.C6Wedon'treallygettolearnabouttheminourschoolasmuch,"Wongsaid."Iwantedtomakethewomen'shistorymoreavailablefbrpeoplesothattheywouldn'thavetodotheresearchandtheywouldn'tforgettheirachievements.：Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FightforEqualRightsforWomenB.LearnfromWong'sArtisticCareerC.DrawHistoricalFamousWomentoRememberTheirContributionsD.GiveFamousWomeninHistoryanOpportunitytoDrawThemselves例2、UnusuallybrightlightintheskythatappearedsuddenlylastJunehasgotastronomersingreatexcitement.Aftermonthsofstudy,theystillaren'tsurewhattheobject一universallyreferredtoasthe“Cow”——is.Whateveritis,saysastronomerLilianaRiveraSandovalofTexasTechUniversityinLubbock,"It'ssuperstrangeandweareobsessedwithitsstudy.”TheCowfirstappearedintelescopeobservationson16June2018,inwhatturnedouttobeasmallgalaxyabout200millionlightyearsaway."Whenwesawthatwethought,let'sgetonthis,“saysDanielPerley,anastronomeratLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity.2：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?AstronomersconductedanintriguingexperimentatNASA.TheCowhasarousedastronomers?passioninitsresearch.Thereexistsawiderangeofchangesinthegalaxies.ThediscoveryoftheCowisagreatachievement.例3、WithbushfirescontinuingtoswallowdifferentpartsofAustralia,alocalzooinNewSouthWales-thestatewhichistheeasiesttocatchfire-hashittheheadlineswithaheartwarmingstory.Rightinthelineofabushfire,thekeepersofMogoWildlifeParkmanagedtoprotectall200animalsfromharmaftertheyreceivedevacuationorders,accordingtoreports.3：Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?ATheHeroicJob.B.TheHorrificFire.C.TheExtinctAnimals.D.TheBraveZooKeeper.例4、It'spossiblethatinterstellarspaceexplorerscouldcomeacrossproblemscommunicatingwithpreviousandsubsequentarrivals,astheirspokenlanguagehaschangedinisolationalongtheway.Regardingtheissue,twoAmericanscholars,AndrewMcKenzieandJeffreyPunske,co-authoredthearticleuLanguageDevelopmentDuringInterstellarTravel.Whathasbeendiscussedinthearticleistheconceptoflanguagechangeovertime.Theywrotethatgivenmoretime,newgrammaticalformscancompletelyreplacecurrentones.4：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whyspacetravelerschangetheirlanguage.B・Howlanguageischangedinthefuturetime.Thelanguageissueduringinterstellartravel.Newconceptsoflanguagecreatedinaspaceship.例5>Nothingfeelsmorelikesummerthananeighborhoodbarbecue.Buttheannoyanceofsummergatheringsremains:thebuzzing（嗡嗡声）ofmosquitoesaroundourears.“Thebuzzinginyourearismostlyjustasideeffectofthemosquito'swingsbeating,vsaidMichaelRiehle,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona."Thesounddoesn'thavealongrange,soyounoticeitmostwhentheyareflyingaroundyourears.”5：Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?Whydomosquitoesbuzzinourears?B・Howcanweavoidthebuzzingofmosquitoes?Howaremaleandfemalemosquitoesdifferent?Whateffectdoesthebuzzingofmosquitoeshave??!J6、DistinguishedBaltimoreartistJohnD.FergusondiedSept16.TheCatonsvilleresidentwas81.“Hisartisteyewasineverythinghedid.Hislifewasartandhisfamily,vsaidJenniferC.Jackson,whowasMr.Ferguson'sfriendfornearlythreedecades.vHewasalovablemanwhowasalwayswillingtotalkaboutanytopichewasinterestedin.Atshows,peoplewouldgocrazyforhiswork,"Ms.Jacksonsaid."Hewasalsoanenthusiasticsailorwholovednothingmorethanbeingonthewater.”Hissculptureswerejustmemorable,“saidMr.Lund,aWashingtonian."Iusedtosay,'Ferguson,Idon*tthinkyouknowhowtodoanythingthatislessthanmonumental/”6：Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Astylish,stubbornoldmanB・SculpturestoweringintothecloudsJohnD.Ferguson-afamoussculpturerTheevolutionofthesculpturalstyle例7、Peoplemightnotwanttoexercisebecauseit'sneverbeenenjoyable.Mostofusprobablyhavememoriesofgymclass,notbeingpickedforateam,orbeinginafitnesscenterthat'sfilledwithin-shapepeople.Themajoritydon*tfeelexcited.Theyfeelthatexerciseisn'tforthem,butitcanbe.Coachingpeopleinanempoweringandmotivatingwaycanworkmuchbetterthanorderingsomeonetoexercise.Itstartswithanexpandeddefinitionofwhatcountsasexercise,andaninjectionofwhat'srarelyusedtodescribeexercise,butiscertainlyallowed:namely,fun.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Exerciseshouldbemademorejoyful.B・Itsmorefuntoworkoutwithothers.Wemayencounterbadworkoutexperiences.Ordersworkwelltomotivatepeopletoexercise.例8、Toovercomethisproblem,theycreatedatoolthatpreservesblocksofpixelsbutmovesthemaroundtoeffectivelyhidethephotograph.First,ESP'salgorithm（算法）dividesaphotographintothreeseparatefiles,eachonecontainingtheimage'sred,greenorbluecolordata.Thenthesystemhidesthepixelblocksaroundamongthesethreefiles（allowingablockfromtheredfile,forinstance,tohideoutinthegreenorblueones）.Buttheprogramdoesnothingwithinthepixelblocks,wherealltheimageprocessinghappens.Asaresult,thefilesremainunchangedimagesbutenduplookinglikegrainyblack-and-whiteonestoanyonewhoaccessesthemwithoutthedecryption（解密）key.8：Whatdoesparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Methodofdecryption.B.Image-processingtechnique.C.Separatefilesofimages.D.Dataanalysisofcolors.1:细读重点：①文章的结构、文章主题句；各段首末句中体现作者观点态度的词句。②有转折处，重要标点处，句子主干处。2：有选择地略读或跳读：烦琐的例子处，并列多项列举处，无关大局的生僻词汇处，较长的人名、地名处。①判断主旨大意定要从积极或中立的角度考虑②段落大意题正确选项关键词应概括全段信息关键词③概括全文大意最简单的方法就是把每段的大意串起来考虑例1、Aristotle,agreatthinkerandeducator,haspointedoutthatshallowfriendshipiseasilyformedbutalsoeasilyabandonedbecausesuchbondsarefragile.Deepfriendship,bycontrast,iswhenyoucareforyourfriendforhissake,notforanybenefityoucanget.Thisisselflessfriendship.Youcanhaveonlyacoupleofthesefriendsbecausetheyrequirelotsoftimeandeffort.Youmustmakesacrificesforeachother.：Whatdoestheauthormainlyexplaininparagraph3?Selfishfriendship.B.Selflesssacrificesinlife.C.Thefor