高一年级英语学科集体备课公开观摩纪实

高一年级英语学科集体备课公开观摩纪实课题：定语从句内容流程：教学内容：第一节关系词的选择关系词的选择主要依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，选择关系代词(who，whom，that，which，whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where，when，why)。(1)that、which代替的先行词是表示物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等；which还可以引导非限制性定语从句，代替主句的内容，that则不能。Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers，which，ofcourse，madetheothersenvyhim.海伦对最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这一点当然让他们很嫉妒。(2)who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。Womenwhodrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthosewhodon't.(who在从句中作主语)每天喝两杯多咖啡的妇女患有心脏病的机会比不喝咖啡的妇女高。Heisthemanwhom/thatIamwaitingfor.他就是我正在等待的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3)关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。具体用法如下：when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语；why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。ThereasonwhyIdon'ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。[注意]先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。Istillrememberthedaywhich/thatwespenttogetherinthecity.我仍然记得我们一起在那座城市度过的那一天。(这里which/that指代theday，作spent的宾语)。1．(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)Asachild，Jackstudiedinavillageschool,________isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A．whichB．whereC．what D．that2．(2011·哈尔滨检测)—WheredidyoufindTom?—Itwasinthehouse________Iusedtolive.A．that B．whichC．where D．what3．(2011·石家庄二检)Afteryearsabroad，hereturnedtohishometown，________hespenthischildhood.A．which B．whenC．that D．where第二节whoseofwhomofwhich引导的定语从句whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等，修饰人或物。ofwhich可以代替whose指物，词序一般是：the＋名词＋ofwhich或ofwhich＋the＋名词。ofwhom可以代替whose指人，词序是：the＋名词＋ofwhom。Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.＝Thisisthescientistthenameofwhomisknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位全国知名的科学家。Theclassroom，whosedoorisbroken，willsoonberepaired.＝Theclassroom，thedoorofwhichisbroken，willsoonberepaired.门破了的那间教室很快就会被维修。Manychildren，whoseparentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.(2009·安徽高考)很多孩子在这个村里都得到了很好的照顾，他们的父母远在大城市里打工。1．(2010·北京高考)Childrenwhoarenotactiveor________dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A．what B．whoseC．which D．that2．(2010·陕西高考)Theoldtemple________roofwasdamagedinastormisnowunderrepair.A．where B．whichC．its D．whose3．(2011·福建联考)TheGateofFortune，from________topvisitorscanenjoyawonderfulseaview，willattractlotsoftourists.A．which B．whoseC．where D．its介词+whom或which中介词的确定1.与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijing＝ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.在会议中我与之谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。Inthedarkstreet，therewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。[注意]有些固定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。Thisistheperson(who/whom/that)youarelookingfor.这就是你找的那个人。2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。Hebuiltatelescope，throughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.他架起一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究天空。Hecametoafarm，onwhichhefinallysettled.他来到一个农场，最终在那里定居下来了。1．(2010·浙江高考)Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people，manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A．whom B．whichC．them D．those2．(2011·长沙一模)Wehavegatherednearly100,000quilts，________uptohalfhavegonetothefloodhitareas.A．withwhich B．inwhichC．forwhich D．ofwhich3．(2011·金华十校联考)Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone________theycantalkfrequently.A．who B．aboutwhichC．as D．withwhomas与which在引导定语从句时的区别as与which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。Hemarriedher，as(which)wasnatural.很自然地，他和她结婚了。但在下列情况下一般只能用as。(1)as引导定语从句可以放在句首，而which则不能。Asweknow，morethanseventypercentoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.正如我们所知，地球表面的70%以上由水覆盖。(2)as可表示“正如，正像”，而which无此意。此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，pointout，plan，suggest等单词或短语。Hecamebackhomelate，asweexpected.正如我们所料，他回家晚了。Asispointedout，thisisagrammarproblem.正如所指出的，这是个语法问题。PeoplegenerallyagreethatAmericanEnglishdiffersfromBritishEnglishabit，asissaidabove.正如上面所说，大部分人都同意美式英语与英式英语有点不同。(3)当先行词被thesame，such修饰时，定语从句需用as引导。Iboughtthesamebookasyouhave.我买了一本跟你的一样的书。Thisissuchaneasyquestionaseveryonecanworkout.＝Thisissuchaneasyquestionthateveryonecanworkitout.这是这么一个简单的问题，每个人都能解决。He'llmarryasprettyagirlashecanfind.他将与他能发现的最漂亮的女孩结婚。[注意]当先行词被thesame修饰时，that也可引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。thesame...as(指同样或同类的)，thesame...that(指同一个)ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.这块表与我丢的那块一样。ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.这就是我丢的那块表。1．(2010·四川高考)Aftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,________turnedouttobeawisedecision.A．that B．whichC．when D．where2．(2011·烟台检测)MountWuyiissuchanattractiveplaceofinterest________everyonelikestovisit.A．that B．asC．which D．what3．(2011·南京第三次模拟)Ourteacherurgesustoformagoodhabitoflearning，________wethinkwillbenefitusinthelongterm.A．what B．thatC．which D．who第三节定语从句的几个难点1.“介词＋where”引导的定语从句。有时我们可以见到“介词＋where”引导的定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow，fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(fromwhere相当于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow)Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites，fromwherekiteflyingspreadtoJapan，Korea，ThailandandIndia.中国是风筝的故乡，从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。2．分隔式定语从句。定语从句有时不直接紧靠着先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan'tunderstand.我不能理解他眼中表达的东西。ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeoplewerelookeddownupon.中国人民被轻视的日子一去不复返了。3．抽象地点类先行词后的定语从句。当先行词为stage，situation，point，case等词且关系词在从句中作状语，这时用where引导定语从句。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。IcanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknowalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcan'twriteagoodessay.我能想出许多这样的场合，很显然学生知道许多英语词汇但是却写不出一篇好文章。1．(2009·福建高考)It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A．that B．whenC．which D．where2．(2011·重庆模拟)Heisconfident，________，inmyopinion，ismostimportantinsociety.A．how B．thatC．what D．which3．(2011·福建龙岩检测)Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint________wemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.A．where B．whyC．when D．that4．(2009·浙江高考)Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A．which B．whereC．how D．why强化训练1．(2010·江西高考)Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister________shewouldstayforanhour.A．where B．whoC．which D．what2．(2010·湖南高考)I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A．who B．whereC．when D．which3．(2010·天津高考)—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber's________Igo.It'sonly15.A．as B．whichC．where D．that4．(2010·江苏高考)Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsof________arepaintedlightgreen，isreallyapeacefulplaceforus，especiallyafterhardwork.A．that B．itC．what D．which5．(2011·南通模拟)Accordingtothereport，asmanyas50percentofpatientsdonottakemedicine________directed，________hasdrawndoctors'attention.A．when；it B．as；whatC．that；and D．as；which6．(2011·南通二模)Icanhardlyrememberanyoccasions________Igetcaughtinatrafficjaminourtown.A．which B．thatC．where D．when7．(2011·哈尔滨检测)Tomygreatsurprise，yesterday，heaskedmeafewquestions________therewerenoanswers.A．towhich B．aboutwhichC．inwhich D．onwhich8．(2011·苏州一模)ChildrenareeasilyexposedtotheInternetculture________violenceincreasestosuchadegreethatparentsdon'tallowthemtogoonline.A．which B．whoseC．where D．that9．(2011·海淀区模拟)WhenIgottoNewYork，Ihadtoattendaschoolforstudents________firstlanguagewasnotEnglish.A．who B．whichC．whose D．where1