考研考博-英语-新余学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新余学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Ihavehadjustaboutenoughofbeingtreatedlikeasecond-classcitizen,simplybecauseIhappentobethatunfairlytreatedmemberofsociety—acustomer.ThemoreIgointoshopsandhotels,banksandpostoffices,railwaystations,airportsandthelike,themoreIamconvincedthethingsarebeingrunsolelytosuitthefirm,thesystem,ortheunion.Thereseemstobeadeceptivenewmottoforso-called“service”organizations---StaffBeforeService.

Howoften,forexample,haveyouqueuedforwhatseemslikehoursatthePostOfficeorthesupermarketbecausetherewerenotenoughstaffondutytomanalltheservicegrillesorcheckoutcounters?Surelyinthesedaysofhighunemploymentitmustbepossibletohirecashiersandcounterstaff.Yetsupermarketshintingdarklyathigherprices,claimthatuncoveringalltheircashregistersatanyonetimewouldincreaseoperatingcosts.AndthePostOfficesayswecannotexpectalltheirservicegrillestobeoccupied"attimeswhendemandislow”.

Itisthesamewithhotels,becausewaitersandkitchenstaffmustfinishwhenitsuitsthem,diningroomscloseearlierormenuchoiceiscutshort.Asforusguests,wejusthavetoputupwithit.Thereisalsothenonsenseofsomanyfriendlyhotelnightportershavingbeenthrownoutoftheirjobsintheinterestsof"efficiency”andreplacedbycoin-eatingmachineswhichoffereverythingfromlagertolaxatives.Nottomentionthetea-makingkitinyourroom:akettlewithamixedcollectionofteabags,plasticmilkboxesandlumpsugar.Whowantstowakeuptoarawteabag?Idonot,especiallywhenIampayingfor“service”.

Canitbestopped,thisworseningofservice,thisgrowingattitudethatthecustomerisalwaysabore?Iangrilyhopesobecauseitishappening,sadly,inallwalksoflife.

Ouronlyhopeistohammerhomeourangerwheneverandwhereverwecanand,ifallelsefails,bringbackintopracticethatother,olderslogan-TakeOurDealElsewhere.

1.Thewriterfeelsthatnowadaysacustomer（

）.

2.Thewriterarguesthatthequalityofserviceischangingbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,longqueuesatcountersarecausedby（

）.

4.Serviceorganizationscontendthatkeepingallcheckoutcountersoperatedcanresultin（

）.

5.Thewritersuggeststhatacustomer（

）.

问题1选项

A.deservestheloweststatusinsociety

B.isunworthyofproperconsideration

C.receivesunexpectedqualityservice

D.isthevictimofsomepublicservices

问题2选项

A.customers'demandshavegreatlychanged

B.servicesprovidedneverbecomeconsistent

C.thestaffreceivemoreconsiderationthancustomers

D.staffmembersarelessconsideratethantheiremployers

问题3选项

A.difficultiesinhiringemployees

B.deliberateunderstaffing

C.lackofcooperationbetweenstaffmembers

D.employeesirresponsibility

问题4选项

A.demandsbycashiersforapayraise

B.insignificantbenefitsforthecustomers.

C.ariseinthecostforprovidingservice.

D.needstopurchaseexpensiveequipment

问题5选项

A.putupwiththerudemannersofthestaff

B.bepatientwhenqueuingbeforecheckoutcounters

C.trytocontrolhistemperwhenill-treated

D.gotootherplaceswheregoodserviceisavailable

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目所问的是“作者认为现在的消费者如何？”文章第一段第一句话提到“我受够了被作为二等公民对待，仅仅因为我是一个被不公正对待的社会成员—一个消费者”(Ihavehadjustaboutenoughofbeingtreatedlikeasecond-classcitizen,simplybecauseIhappentobethatunfairlytreatedmemberofsociety—acustomer)，接下来谈及到在饭店、邮局、火车站、机场等地的一些经历，由这些可知选项D“是一些公共服务的受害者”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目所问的是“作者认为服务质量正在变化的原因是什么？”文章第二段第一句话提到“你有没有因为邮局或者超市没有足够的员工来安排他们的工作窗口或者收银台而排几个小时的队？”(Howoften,forexample,haveyouqueuedforwhatseemslikehoursatthePostOfficeorthesupermarketbecausetherewerenotenoughstaffondutytomanalltheservicegrillesorcheckoutcounters?)，选项C“对员工的考虑多余对顾客的考虑”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目所问的是“在作者看来，柜台前排长队的原因是什么？”文章提到之所以有时候需要排几个小时的对是因为员工配备少；而文章第二段第二句话提到“在现在这种高失业率的情况下，雇佣收银员或者柜台员工是很容易的”（Surelyinthesedaysofhighunemploymentitmustbepossibletohirecashiersandcounterstaff），因此可以推断并不是雇佣不到员工，而是这些商场或者机构不愿意去花钱雇佣更多的员工。选项B“故意的员工不足”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目所问的是“服务机构认为让所有收银机全部工作起来会导致什么后果？”文章第二段倒数第二句话提到“把收银机全部运行会增加成本”(Yetsupermarketshintingdarklyathigherprices,claimthatuncoveringalltheircashregistersatanyonetimewouldincreaseoperatingcosts)，选项C“增加服务成本”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。题目所问的是“作者建议消费者应该怎样做？”文章最后一段提到“我们唯一的希望就是无论何时无论何地都要表达出我们的不满，如果这些努力全失败了，再去尝试将古老的口号付诸实践—去别处进行买卖”（Ouronlyhopeistohammerhomeourangerwheneverandwhereverwecanand,ifallelsefails,bringbackintopracticethatother,olderslogan-TakeOurDealElsewhere），选项D“去有更好服务的地方”符合题意。

2.单选题

Wehopethestudentswould（

）theinformationcontainedinthelecture.

问题1选项

A.associate

B.understand

C.assimilate

D.assess

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。associate意为“联系”；understand意为“理解”；assimilate意为“吸收，消化”；assess意为“评定”。

句意：我们希望学生们能掌握讲座中保护的信息。

3.单选题

Oneoftheaimsofteachingscienceis,throughlearning,toenablestudentstodevelopacompletepersonalitybycreativity,honesty,eagernesstoacquireknowledge,freedomofspeechandthought,andcriticalassessment.Thisisanambitiousaimwhichweunfortunately,rarelyconsider.Duringteachingwedevoteourattentionmoretothecontentthantotheaims.Wethusseethatscienceisoneoftheschoolsubjectsleastfavoredbystudents.

Theemotionalelementsofmusic,dancing,painting,poetryanddramahaveastrongimpactonstudents.Forsciencetoevokethesamefeelings,itshouldbetaughtwiththehelpoftheexpressivearts.Unliketraditionaldidacticapproaches,dramaalsooffersasynthesisofvisual,kineticandauditoryexperiences,apartfromtheunderstandingoffactsandfiguresasaresultofrationalandanalyticalperception.Dramaandotherartisticactivitiescanassistinreachingthecognitivegoalsofthecurriculum,astheyareeffectivemeansofmotivation.Isn’tthereabetterchancethatstudentswhohavedevelopedaloveforsciencewilllearnitmoreeasily?Sciencetoocanbeaesthetic,creativeandemotional.

Byusingdramatechniques,wefacilitatecollaborationbetweentheleftandrighthemispheresofthebrain,whereastraditionaltechniquesofteachingsciencestressonlytheuseofabilitiesfoundintheleftofhemispheres—thatis,theanalyticalperceptionofscientificnotionsandphenomena.Weallowstudentstoengageinthelearningprocessasfullpersonalitieswithalltheirknowledgeandabilities.Thuswedevelopnotonlylogicalandmathematicalintelligence,butalsoawiderspectrumofthestudents’abilities.Ourtraditionalexperienceislargelybasedonalinearperceptionofthesubject.Asstudents,wehavenotbeenusedtodevelopingwaysofcreativeandintuitivethinking,especiallyinsciencesubjects.Thisiswhycombiningexpressiveartswithscienceisacceptedwithdifficultybymany.

Whenusingdramainteachingscience,wemeetparadoxeswhichcan,ontheonehand,maketheuseofdramaunsuccessful,andontheotherhand,enableknowledgeofsciencetobeintegratedintosocietyandsocialphenomenathatislifeingeneral.Scienceistaughtonthebasisofscientificdiscoveries——lawsandexplanationsofphenomenawhichareclearlydefinedandallownoindividualorsociologicalinterpretations.Stealingawallet,forexample,willbeinterpretedassomethingnegativebytheownerandsomethingpositivebythepickpocket.Dramabroadensourimagination,scienceissaidtonarrowit.Whenobservingtraditionaldidacticformsofteachingscience,weseethatstudentsarerequiredtounderstandveryabstractnotions.Thenotionoftheatomorthemoleculeisdemonstratedbyconcretemeansincludingsymbols,varioustypesofatomandmoleculemodels,sketches,experiments,photographsandanimatedfilms.Thesehelpstudentstodeveloptheirimaginationandconceptionswhich,can,individually,beverydifferentdespitethefactthattheywerealltaughtwiththesametechniquesandmaterials.

Thesedifferencesarisefromthedifferencesinstudents，personalities.Wemusttakeintoaccountthatstudentshavedifferentsensoryabilities.Theyreceiveinformationthroughvisual,auditoryandkineticchannelsofperceptionwithdifferentintensity.Theyalsohavedifferentintellectualabilities.Thusitiseasyforsomestudentstologicallycombinescientificphenomenaorvisualizewhatthelatterlookslike.

1.Thefactthatstudentsdislikescienceclassisbecausescienceclasses（

）.

2.Inordertomotivatestudentsinscienceclass,shouldbeemployed

（

）.

3.Asuitabletitleofthepassagecanbe

（

）.

4.Theresearcher’saimisto

（

）.

5.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisCORRECT?

问题1选项

A.developstudents’personalitybycreativity

B.don’thavefreedomofspeech

C.concentratemoreonknowledgethanthedevelopmentofpersonality

D.concentratemoreonfactsthancriticalassessment

问题2选项

A.visualexperience

B.Kinetic

C.analyticalperception

D.expressivearts

问题3选项

A.TeachScienceThroughDrama

B.DevelopStudents’Imagination

C.ExpressiveArtsintheScienceClassroom

D.CreativeWaysofTeachingScience

问题4选项

A.facilitatestudents'learningbystimulatinganemotionalresponse

B.usedramatoteachscience

C.developstudents’knowledgeandabilitiesthroughreview

D.makeiteasierforstudentstounderstandsomeabstractconcepts

问题5选项

A.Traditionalteachingmethodsexpectstudentstoloveabstractconcepts.

B.Thenewapproachtoteachingdoesn'tteachabstractconcepts.

C.Thenewapproachaddressesmanydifferentlearningstyles.

D.Didacticmethodsteachknowledge,notability.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段的最后两句话Duringteachingwedevoteourattentionmoretothecontentthantotheaims.Wethusseethatscienceisoneoftheschoolsubjectsleastfavoredbystudents(在进行科学知识教学吋，我们把重点放在了科学知识的内容上而不是教学目的上。因此我们可以看到科学知识课程成了最不受学生喜欢的课程之一)，可知学生不喜欢科学知识课程的原因是课程把重点放在了科学知识内容上而不是教学目的上，即选项C”更多地关注知识本身而不是个性的发展”。

2.细节事实题。根掘文章第二段中的Theemotionalelementsofmusic,dancing,painting,poetryanddramahaveastrongimpactonstudents.Forsciencetoevokethesamefeelings,itshouldbetaughtwiththehelpoftheexpressivearts(音乐、舞蹈、绘画、诗歌和戏剧中的情感因素对学生产生了很大的影响。如科学知识课程想要产生相同的影响，则需要借助于艺术表达)以及其中的关键词withthehelpoftheexpressivearts可知答案选项为D项。

3.主旨大意题。分析文章大意可知，文章首先提出了科学知识教学中学生觉得无聊的问题，后介绍了一种新的科学知识授课方法：戏剧法，其目的是培养学生学习科学知识的兴趣，戏剧教学手段是一种突破传统的创新尝试。选项A“通过戏剧教授科学知识”，文章中说的是在科学知识的教学中引用戏剧法而非直接通过戏剧教授科学知识，选项A属于偷换概念；选项B“培养学生的想象力”是教授科学知识的目的之一，不能作为文章的标题；选项C“科学知识课程中的表达艺术”也只是文章的具体内容不具有概括性；选项D“新的科学知识教学方法”是对文章内容的概括，故答案选项为D。

4.判断推理题。根据文章第二段中的起承上启下作用的句子Isn’tthereabetterchancethatstudentswhohavedevelopedaloveforsciencewilllearnitmoreeasily?Sciencetoocanbeaesthetic,creativeandemotional.“难道没有什么办法能让已经对科学知识产生兴趣的学生更加容易地去理解掌握科学知识吗？科学知识也是可以具有美学特点、具有创造性且具有情感因素的”可知研究的目的是为了让学生更加容易地去理解一些抽象的概念，故答案选项为D。

5.判断推理题。选项A“传统的教学方法期望学生能够喜欢抽象的概念”没有在文章中提及；选项B“新的教学方法不教授抽象的概念”，根据文章对戏剧法的介绍可知新的教学方法是为了让学生更加容易地理解抽象的概念，故选项B错误；选项D“戏剧技巧教授的是知识而不是能力”，注重教授知识而非能力是传统科学知识教授方法的特点，故选项D错误；因此选C“新的教学方法引出了许多不同的学习模式”。

4.翻译题

在全球经济放缓的情况下，为何大宗商品价格却在飙升呢？流行的解释似乎是“投机”。但是，由于投机是无时不在的，这无法解释为什么现在价格猛涨。另一个流行的解释是美国大幅放宽货币政策。但这很难解释这样一个事实：按照欧元计算，油价也在快速上涨。同时，投机也无法解释那些没有活跃期货市场的大宗商品价格的上涨。

(参考词汇：commodityprices;soar;speculation;ease;monetarypolicy;euro;futuresmarket)

【答案】

Whyarecommoditypricessoaringwhenworldeconomyisslowing?Thepopularexplanationseemstobe“speculation”.But,sincespeculationisalwayswithus,thiscannotexplainwhypricesaresoaringnow?AnotherpopularexplanationistheaggressiveeasingofUSmonetarypolicy.But,thishardlyexplainsthefactthatthepriceofoilisrisingrapidlyevenineuros.Nordoesspeculationexplaintheriseinthepricesofthesecommoditiesthatdonothaveactivefuturesmarkets.

5.单选题

Theexamination（

）veryeasyifallstudentspassed.

问题1选项

A.musthavebeen

B.hasbeen

C.was

D.oughttobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词的用法。A选项“肯定”；B选项“过去完成时”；C选项“过去”；D选项“应该”。句意：试卷（）很容易如果所有学生都通过了。musthavedone表示对过去的肯定的推测，答案选A。后面的从句是过去时态，所以不能选D，D是一般现在时。

6.单选题

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavatorsgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatcomesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundance—morethan4,000examplessofar.

Thebasementofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.

Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.

Itwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldicingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

3.Theauthor’sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?

5.Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldoccurifduplicateartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket?

I.Illegalexcavationwouldeventuallyceasecompletely.

II.Cypruswouldbecometheprimarysourceofmarketableduplicateartifacts.

III.Archaeologistswouldbeabletopublishtheresultsoftheirexcavationsmorefrequentlythantheycurrentlydo.

问题1选项

A.analternativetomuseumdisplayofartifacts

B.awaytocurbillegaldicingwhilebenefitingthearchaeologicalprofession

C.awaytodistinguishartifactswithscientificvaluefromthosethathavenosuchvalue

D.thegovernmentalregulationofarchaeologicalsites

问题2选项

A.Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.

B.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

C.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

D.Suchartifacts’oftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

问题3选项

A.Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.

B.Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.

C.Computerscouldbeusedtotracesoldartifacts.

D.Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.

问题4选项

A.Museumofficialswillbecomeunwillingtostoreartifacts.

B.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.

C.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.

D.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.

问题5选项

A.Ionly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由题干定位到文章第二段“Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.（我想提出一个令人发指的建议，政府应为考古学提供资金，并减少非法挖掘的数量。）”。A选项“博物馆文物陈列的替代品”；B选项“在有益于考古行业的同时遏制非法挖掘的方法”；C选项“区分有科学价值和没有科学价值的文物的方法”；D选项“政府对考古遗址的管制”。联系全文可知B选项更符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由题干可定位到文章第四段“Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.（甚至没有足够的钱来整理这些发现；结果，它们再也找不到了，变得像从未被发现过一样难以接近。）”。A选项“博物馆官员很少允许学者接触这些文物”；

B选项“占用了可以更好地用于展示的空间用于存储”；C选项“在发掘中发现的文物往往彼此分离”；D选项“这类工件通常保持未编目状态，因此一旦放入存储中就无法定位”。因此D选项正确。

3.细节事实题。由题干可定位到文章第二段“Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.（我建议，科学的考古考察和政府当局在公开市场上出售发掘出来的文物。这种销售将为挖掘和保存考古遗址以及公布结果提供大量资金。）”。A选项“潜在购买者更愿意购买经过认证的文物”；B选项“非法挖掘文物的价格会上涨”；C选项“计算机可以用来追踪出售的文物”；D选项“出售经过鉴定的文物所得的钱可以用来调查和起诉非法挖掘者”。因此D选项正确。

4.细节事实题。由题干可定位到文章最后一段“Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.（但对这种秘密产品的需求将大大减少。）”由此可知复制的工件会供过于求，于是这些工件会大量涌现，最终会导致对这些畅销品的需求下降。因此B选项正确。

5.判断推理题。由题干可定位到文章第三段“InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard…（在塞浦路斯的一次小型发掘中，考古学家最近在一个院子里发现了2000个几乎无法辨认的小陶罐。）”，由此可推断出塞浦路斯可能会成为复制品的主要市场来源。A选项“非法挖掘最终将完全停止”说法太过绝对化，文章并未提到完全终止。B选项“考古学家将能够比现在更频繁地公布他们的发掘成果”，如果复制工件合法化，考古学家会更愿意公开他们的挖掘成果。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Speakersandlistenersareoftenatodds:languagethatiseasyforthereceivertounderstandisoftendifficulttoproduce,andthatwhichiseasilyformulatedcanbehardto（）.

问题1选项

A.comprehend

B.ignore

C.confirm

D.defend

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。comprehend理解，包含；ignore忽视，不理睬confirm确认，确定；defend辩护。由前半句可知说话者与接受者之间存在矛盾，故后面可推知这两者之间还存在另一种矛盾，即容易表达的话却难以理解。故A项正确。句意：说话者和倾听者常常意见不一致:容易让接受者理解的语言往往很难产生，而容易表达的语言却很难理解。

8.填空题

Johnhasdecidedtogive（

）smoking

【答案】up

【解析】固定搭配。Giveup放弃,戒掉。

9.单选题

Pumas,whicharelarge,cat-likeanimals,willnotattackhumanbeingsifthey______undisturbed.

问题1选项

A.leave

B.left

C.areleft

D.haveleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态。句意：美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，如果不受打扰，它是不会攻击人类的。不受打扰是被动语态，用be动词+过去分词。其它三项不能用于被动语态的形式。因此C选项正确。

10.单选题

Ahistoricchangeistakingplaceinhighereducation.Professorsarebeingheldresponsibleasneverbeforeforhowwelltheyservestudents.Ithasbecomeascommonincollegesanduniversitiesforstudentstogradeprofessorsasforprofessorstogradestudents.Infactstudentratings(评价)havebecomethemostwidelyusedandinmanycasestheonlyimportantinformationonteachingeffectiveness.Incomparingthreestudiesofthesame600middleandhighschoolsinmorethanthirtystatesitwasfoundthatthenumberofschoolsusingstudentratingstoevaluate(评估)teachershadclimbedfrom29percentto68percentto86percent.Noothermethodofevaluationgotthatdegreeofusageandotherstudieshavefoundsimilarresults.

Onereasonthatstudentevaluationsofteachershavebecomesopopularisthattheyareeasytocarryoutandtoscore.Buttheyarealsoeasytoabuse.Iftheyareexpectedtothrowmeaningfullightonteachers’'performancetheratingsmustbeusedinawaythatshowsatleastsomeofwhatwe’'velearntaboutthemfromresearchandfromexperience.

Researchandexperiencehaveshownus,forexample,thatstudentratingsshouldneverbetheonlybasisforevaluatingteachingeffectiveness.Thereismuchmoretoteachingthanwhatisevaluatedonstudentratingforms.Whenratingsareused,weknowthatstudentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialsusedinacourseareuptodateorhowwelltheteacherknowsthesubjectmatterofthecourse.

Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalbackgroundandarebestlefttotheprofessor’'scolleagues.Ontheotherhand,studentsshouldbeaskedtoestimatewhattheyhavelearnedinacourse,andtoreportonsuchthingsasaprofessor’'sabilitytocommunicateatthestudent’'slevel,professionalbehaviorintheclassroom,relationshipwithstudents,andabilitytoarouseinterestinthesubject.

1.Thecentralideaofthepassageisthat______.

2.WhichstatementisTRUE?

3.InstudentratingsarethefollowingquestionscanbeaskedEXCEPT:______.

4.Thesentenceinthethirdsecondparagraph“Buttheyalsoarealsoeasytoabuse”means______.

问题1选项

A.studentratingsaretheonlysourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness

B.ratingshavebecomethemostwidelyusedsourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness

C.besidestudentratings,thereareothermethodstoevaluateteachers

D.studentratingsareverypopularandshouldbeproperlyused

问题2选项

A.Studentevaluationsofteachersarepopularbecausetheyareextremelyaccurate.

B.Instudentratings,studentsshouldnotbeaskedquestionsthatrequireprofessionalbackground.

C.Studentratingscanbeusedunderanycircumstances.

D.Allcollegesareinclinedtousestudentratingstoevaluateteachers.

问题3选项

A.Cantheteachermakehimselfeasilyunderstood?

B.Howdoestheteacherdealwithstudents?

C.Iswhatistaughtnew?

D.Arestudentsinterestedinwhatistaught?

问题4选项

A.teachersareeasytobemisunderstood

B.teachersareeasytobewronged

C.studentratingscaneasilybeputtowronguse

D.studentratingscaneasilybemadeuseoftoattackteachers

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.【试题解析】：主旨大意题。通读全文，可得知本文主要讲述的是学生评估在对教师进行测评中的广泛应用及如何正确地使用这种测评方式，因此选项D最能概括文章大意。选项A和选项B，根据原文可以定位到第一段的第四三句“Infactstudentratings(评价)havebecomethemostwidelyusedandinmanycasestheonlyimportantinformationonteachingeffectiveness.”选项本身说法正确，但过于片面，不足以概括全文。根据原文“Noothermethodofevaluationgotthatdegreeofusageandotherstudieshavefoundsimilarresults.”可得知选项C说法错误。

2.【试题解析】事实细节题。选项B可以定位到原文的第四三段的首句“Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalbackgroundandarebestlefttotheprofessor’'scolleagues.”可得知这些专业性的背景问题最好留给同事们回答而不是学生，即符合B选项。

3.【试题解析】判断推理题。由文章末第三段第三句中的"“studentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialsusedinacourseareuptodate”"可知，不能问学生"“老师教授的东西是否新颖”"这样的问题。因此，答案为C。

4.【试题解析】判断推理题。根据题干引用的这句话可以定位到原文中的第二三段，“Iftheyareexpectedtothrowmeaningfullightonteachers’'performancetheratingsmustbeusedinawaythatshowsatleastsomeofwhatwe’'velearntaboutthemfromresearchandfromexperience.”可得知，如果他们被期望为教师的表现提供有意义的说明，那么评级的使用必须至少表明我们从研究和经验中所了解到的一些情况。而不是说随意评级。可推断出评级很容易会被误用。因此答案为选项C。

11.单选题

ThespygaveGeneralWashingtona(n)（）reportonenemyactivities.

问题1选项

A.confident

B.influential

C.confidential

D.substantial

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。confident“自信的”；influential“有影响力的”；confidential“机密的”；