考研考博-英语-成都信息工程大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-成都信息工程大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.填空题

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

PopulationChanging

AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumbersfromgenerationtogeneration.(41)Thegreatvarietyofdynamicbehaviorsexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsmakesthistaskmoredifficult:somepopulationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyear;othersexhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcity;stillothersvarywildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecasesplainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.

(42)Theseecologistspositthattherelativelysteadypopulationshave“density-dependent”growthparameters;thatis,ratesofbirth,death,andmigrationwhichdependstronglyonpopulationdensity.Theseratesfluctuateinawaythatiswhollyindependentofpopulationdensity.

Thedichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsiftakentooliterally.(43)Nomatterhowseverelyorunpredictablybirth,deathandmigrationratesmaybefluctuatingaroundtheirlong-termaverages.Iftherewerenodensity-dependenteffects,thepopulationwould,inthelongrun,eitherincreaseordecreasewithoutbound.Putanotherway,itmaybethatonaverage99percentofalldeathsinapopulationarisefromdensity-independentcauses,andonlyonepercentfromfactorsvaryingwithdensity.Thefactorsmakinguptheonepercentmayseemimportant.(44)

Inordertounderstandthenatureoftheecologist’sinvestigation,wemaythinkofthedensity-dependenteffectsongrowthparametersasthe“signal”ecologistsaretryingtoisolateandinterpret,onethattendstomakethepopulationincreasefromrelativelylowvaluesordecreasefromrelativelyhighones,whiledensity-dependenteffectsacttoproduce“nose”inthepopulationdynamics.Forpopulationsthatremainrelativelyconstant,orthatoscillatearoundrepeatedcycles,thesignalcanbefairlyeasilycharacterizedanditseffectdescribed,eventhoughthecausativebiologicalmechanismmayremainunknown.(45)Butitnowseemsclearthatallpopulationsareregulatedbyamixtureofdensity-dependentanddensity-independenteffectsinvaryingproportions.

A.Itissometimespossibletoinfertheexistenceofadensity-independentfactorcontrollingpopulationgrowthwithoutunderstandingitscausativemechanism.

B.Thetaskforecologistsistountangletheenvironmentalandbiologicalfactorsthatholdthisintrinsiccapacityforpopulationgrowthincheckoverthelongrun.

C.However,whetherrecognizedornot,theywillusuallydeterminethelong-termaveragepopulationdensity.

D.Toimposesomeorderonthiskaleidoscopeofpatterns,oneschoolofthoughtproposesdividingpopulationsintotwogroups.

E.Forirregularlyfluctuatingpopulations,wearelikelytohavetoofewobservationstohaveanyhopeofextractingthesignalfromtheoverwhelmingnoise.

F.Foronething,nopopulationcanbedrivenentirelybydensity-independentfactorsallthetime.

【答案】41.B

42.D

43.F

44.C

45.E

【解析】41.下一句中提到了一个关键词thistask，所以空格这一句和task有关，故B项正确。

42.该段讲了种群的两种增长参数，density-dependent和density-independent，所以第一句很可能是该段的中心句，介绍这两类参数，所以D项正确。

43.根据第三句“无论出生率、死亡率和迁移率围绕其长期平均水平波动多么严重或不可预测，如果没有密度依赖的影响（iftherewerenodensity-dependenteffects），从长远来看，人口将会毫无限制地增加或减少”，这一句讲的是第二段中的其中一种增长参数，由if虚拟语气可知，上一句是和density-independent有关，F项正确。

44.上两句说的是“换句话说，在一个人口中，平均99%的死亡都是由密度独立的原因造成的，只有1%是由随密度变化的因素造成的。构成这1%的因素似乎不重要。”，从这里可知，99%的死亡是由密度独立决定，1%的密度依赖因素似乎不重要；但该段第二句提到“没有一个种群能一直完全由密度独立因素驱动”，所以这里空格是要表示转折，故C项正确。

45.上一句提到“对于保持相对稳定的种群（Forpopulationsthatremainrelativelyconstant）”，下一句中也提到了“所有的人口（allpopulations）”，可知这一句是描述的另一类种群，与“相对稳定”相对的是“不稳定的”，所以E项正确。

2.翻译题

静下来想想，我这样一个出身贫寒、经历坎坷的人，居然能活到92岁，实在有点奇怪。过了80岁，经常有人问我，有什么养生之道。我不仅不懂得养生，而且还有一些不好的习惯。

我性急图快，走路快，下笔快，吃饭更快，简直是狼吞虎咽，因此，得了胃病。医生治好了我的病，但没有治好我的习惯。

【答案】WhenIthinkaboutit,it’salittlestrangethatsomeonewhocamefromsuchapoorbackgroundandhasbeenthroughsomanyhardshipsshouldhavelivedtobe92.WhenIwas80yearsold,Iwasoftenaskedforadviceonhowtokeepfit.Inotonlydon’tknowhowtokeepingoodhealth,butalsohavesomebadhabits.

Iwasquicktowalk,quicktowrite,evenfastertoeat,justwolfeddown,soIgotstomachtrouble.Thedoctorcuredmeofthedisease,butnotofmyhabit.

3.单选题

（

）bytheheavyclothes,hefailedtojumpontothemediumsizedtable.

问题1选项

A.Hampered

B.Prevented

C.Facilitated

D.Encountered

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项Hamper“妨碍，束缚”；B选项Prevent“预防，阻止”；C选项Facilitate“促进，帮助”；D选项Encounter“遭遇，邂逅”。句意：受到厚衣服的束缚，他没能跳上中等大小的桌子。选项A符合语境。

4.单选题

Neitherofthetwoparties（

）abletosolvetheproblemsofthepoor.

问题1选项

A.are

B.is

C.havebeen

D.willhavebeen

【答案】B

【解析】考查主谓一致。neitherof+复数名词，谓语动词通常用单数形式。此处表示两个政党中没有哪一个能解决穷人的问题，此处是对客观事实的表述，故用一般现在时，因此选B。句意：这两个政党都不能解决穷人的问题。

5.单选题

Whenmakingmoderncameraspeoplebeganto（

）plasticsformetal.

问题1选项

A.surround

B.substance

C.stretch

D.substitute

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。surround“包围”；substance“物质；实质”；stretch“伸展，拉紧”；substitute“替代，代替”。

句意：在制造现代相机时，人们开始用塑料代替金属。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Sincethecouplecouldn't（

）theirdifference,theydecidedtogetadivorce.

问题1选项

A.revise

B.resume

C.reconcile

D.repel

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。revise“更正，修改”；resume“（中断后）重新开始”；reconcile“使和解，调解”；repel“击退”。句意：那对夫妇不能和解分歧，所以决定离婚。C项符合题意，答案C

7.单选题

ThreeYaleUniversityprofessorsagreedinapaneldiscussiontonightthattheautomobilewaswhatoneofthemcalled“PublicHealthEnemyNo.1inthiscountry”.Besidespollutingtheairandcongestingthecities,carsareinvolvedinmorethanhalfthedisablingaccidents,andtheycauseheartdisease“becausewedon’twalkanywhereanymore,”saidDr.H.RichardWeinerman,professorofmedicineandpublichealth.Dr.Weinerman’ssharpcriticismofautomobilecameinadiscussionofhumanenvironmentonYaleReports,aradioprogrambroadcastbyStationWTICinHartford,Connecticut.Theprogramopenedathree-partserieson“StayingAlive”.“Forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,theproblemofman’ssurvivalhastodowithhiscontrolofman-madedangers,”Dr.Weinermansaid.“Beforethis,theproblemhadbeenthecontrolofnaturaldangers.”

Relatingmanyofthesedangersoftheautomobile,ArthurW.Galston,aprofessorofbiology,saiditwaspossibletomakeakerosene-burningcarthatwould“lessensmogbyaverylargefactor”.ButheexpresseddoubtthatAmericanswerewillingtogiveupmovingaboutthecountrysideat90milesanhourinalargevehicle.“Americaseemsweddedtothemotorcar—everyfamilyhastohaveatleasttwo,andonehastobeaconvertiblewith300horsepower,”ProfessorGalstoncontinued.“Isthisthewayoflifethatwechoosebecausewecherishthesevalues?”

ForPaulB.Sears,professorofconservation,partoftheblamelieswith“asocietythatregardsprofitasasupremevalue,underthefalseideathatanythingthat’stechnicallypossibleis,therefore,ethicallyjustified”.ProfessorSearsalsocalledthecountry’sdependenceonitsmodernautomobile“lousyeconomics”becauseofthelargehorsepowerusedsimply“movingonepersontowork”.ButheagreedthatAmericanshavepaintedthemselvesintoacomerbyallowingthenationaleconomytobecomesoreliantontheautomobileindustry.

AccordingtoDr.Weinerman,automobiles,notthefactories,areresponsiblefortwo-thirdsofthesmoginAmericancities,andthesmogpresentsthepossibilityofawholenewkindofepidemic,notduetoonegerm,butduetopollutedenvironment.“Withinanotherfivetotenyears,it’spossibletohaveanepidemicoflungcancerinacitylikeLosAngeles.Thisisanewphenomenoninhealthconcern,”hesaid.

Thesolution,hecontinued,is“nottofindalessdangerousfuel,butadifferentsystemofinner-citytransportation.Becauseoftheincreasinguseofcars,publictransportationhasbeenallowedtowitheranddegenerate,sothatifyoucan’twalktowhereyouwanttogo,youhavetohaveacarinmostcities,”heasserted.This,inturn,Dr.Weinermancontended,isresponsibleforthe“arteriosclerosis”ofpublicroads,fortheblightoftheinnercityandforthemiddle-classmovementtothesuburbs.

1.Themainideaofthisarticleisthat___.

2.Inparagraph2,ProfessorGalstonimpliesthat___.

3.Inparagraph3,ProfessorSearsimpliesthat___.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5that___.

5.Dr.Weinermanwouldprobablyagreethat___,ifpublictransportationwereimproved.

问题1选项

A.Americansaretooattachedtotheircars

B.Americancarsruntoofastandconsumetoomuchfuel

C.theautomobileindustryhascausedallthistohappen

D.automobilesendangerboththeenvironmentandpeople

问题2选项

A.peoplearemoreinterestedinfastautomobilesthanintheirhealth

B.kerosene-burningcarswouldpollutetheenvironmentmoreseriouslythangasoline-burningenginesdo

C.Americansfeelmorecloselyconnectedtotheircarsthantotheenvironment

D.itisnotrightforeveryfamilytohaveatleasttwocars

问题3选项

A.technologyisalwaysgoodforpeople

B.technologyisnotalwaysgoodforpeople

C.financialprofitismoreimportantthantechnologicaladvancement

D.technologicaladvancementwillimprovefinancialprofit

问题4选项

A.afuellessdangerousthangasolinemustbefound

B.peopleshouldgetridoftheircarsandtakethebustowork

C.publictransportationshouldbeimprovedsothatpeoplecanbecomelessdependentupontheircarsforinner-citytransportation

D.theonlysolutiontothisproblemistobuildmorehighwaysandmoresubways

问题5选项

A.theinnercitymightimprove

B.themiddleclasswouldmovetothesuburbs

C.publicroadswouldgetworse

D.therewouldstillbeanurgentneedtobuildmorehighways

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。定位到原文第一段中心句ThreeYaleUniversityprofessorsagreedinapaneldiscussiontonightthattheautomobilewaswhatoneofthemcalled“PublicHealthEnemyNo.1inthiscountry”.Besidespollutingtheairandcongestingthecities,carsareinvolvedinmorethanhalfthedisablingaccidents,andtheycauseheartdisease…（三位耶鲁大学教授在今晚的小组讨论中一致认为汽车是他们中的一位所说的“这个国家的头号公共卫生敌人”。除了污染空气和堵塞城市，汽车还与一半以上的致残事故有关，它们还会引发心脏病……），第一段第一句点名文章主题：汽车对人类和环境造成了伤害。接下来几段围绕这一中心展开，则选D选项“汽车危害环境和人”；A选项“美国人太依赖他们的汽车了”，B选项“美国汽车跑得太快，消耗太多燃料”以及C选项“汽车工业导致了这一切的发生”都是片面内容，不足以概括全文。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段Relatingmanyofthesedangersoftheautomobile,ArthurW.Galston,aprofessorofbiology,saiditwaspossibletomakeakerosene-burningcarthatwould“lessensmogbyaverylargefactor”.ButheexpresseddoubtthatAmericanswerewillingtogiveupmovingaboutthecountrysideat90milesanhourinalargevehicle.“Americaseemsweddedtothemotorcar—everyfamilyhastohaveatleasttwo,andonehastobeaconvertiblewith300horsepower,”ProfessorGalstoncontinued.“Isthisthewayoflifethatwechoosebecausewecherishthesevalues?”（生物学教授ArthurW.Galston在谈到汽车的许多这些危险时表示，制造一种燃烧煤油的汽车，“在很大程度上减少烟雾”是可能的。但他对美国人是否愿意放弃开着时速90英里的大型汽车在乡间穿梭表示怀疑。高尔斯顿教授继续说:“美国似乎已经和汽车密不可分——每个家庭至少得有两辆，其中一辆必须是一辆300马力的敞篷车。”“这是我们选择的生活方式吗，因为我们珍惜这些价值?”）可知制造一种燃烧煤油的汽车，“在很大程度上减少烟雾”是可能的，但是从教授后面所说的话可以看到美国人可能不愿意这样做，不愿意为了环境减少用车或者改变一些用车习惯，则选C选项“美国人感觉与汽车的关系比与环境的关系更密切”；A选项“人们对高速汽车比他们的健康更感兴趣”，B选项“燃烧煤油的汽车比燃烧汽油的发动机污染环境更严重”在原文未提及；D选项“每个家庭至少有两辆车是不对的”，教授只是举每个家庭有两辆车的例子来证明自己所暗示的内容：美国人感觉与汽车的关系更密切。因此C选项符合题意。

3.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第三段第一句ForPaulB.Sears,professorofconservation,partoftheblamelieswith“asocietythatregardsprofitasasupremevalue,underthefalseideathatanythingthat’stechnicallypossibleis,therefore,ethicallyjustified”.（对环境保护学教授PaulB.Sears来说，部分原因在于“一个将利润视为最高价值的社会，存在着一种错误的想法，即任何技术上可能的事情都因此在伦理上是正当的”）可知选B选项“技术并不总是对人有好处”，PaulB.Sears教授认为并不是技术上能实现的东西对人就是好的，同时可知A选项错误“科技总是对人有好处”，和原文相悖；C选项“财务利润比技术进步更重要”，D选项“技术进步将提高财政利润”未在文章内提及。因此B选项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第五段Thesolution,hecontinued,is“nottofindalessdangerousfuel,butadifferentsystemofinner-citytransportation.Becauseoftheincreasinguseofcars,publictransportationhasbeenallowedtowitheranddegenerate,sothatifyoucan’twalktowhereyouwanttogo,youhavetohaveacarinmostcities,”heasserted.This,inturn,Dr.Weinermancontended,isresponsibleforthe“arteriosclerosis”ofpublicroads,fortheblightoftheinnercityandforthemiddle-classmovementtothesuburbs.（他接着说，解决办法是“不是找到一种危险性较小的燃料，而是一种不同的市内交通系统。由于汽车的使用越来越多，公共交通已经被允许萎缩和退化，因此，如果你不能步行到你想去的地方，你必须在大多数城市有一辆车，”他断言。Dr.Weinerman认为，这反过来又是造成公共道路“动脉硬化”的原因，也是造成市中心衰败和中产阶级向郊区迁移的原因）可知Dr.Weinerman认为目前的市内交通系统不合适，会导致人们更偏向于选择汽车，而这又会造成公共道路“动脉硬化”，解决方法不是找到一种危险性较小的燃料，而是改善目前的公共交通，选C选项“公共交通应该得到改善，这样人们就可以减少在市内交通中对汽车的依赖”，同时可知A选项“必须找到一种比汽油危险小的燃料”错误，B选项“人们应该摆脱他们的汽车，乘公共汽车去上班”逻辑关系错误，根据Dr.Weinerman的话，我们可知目前情况，公共交通不改善的话人们并不愿意摆脱汽车；D选项“解决这个问题的唯一办法是修建更多的高速公路和地铁”属于过度推断。因此C选项正确。

5.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第五段This,inturn,Dr.Weinermancontended,isresponsibleforthe“arteriosclerosis”ofpublicroads,fortheblightoftheinnercityandforthemiddle-classmovementtothesuburbs.（Dr.Weinerman认为，这反过来又是造成公共道路“动脉硬化”的原因，也是造成市中心衰败和中产阶级向郊区迁移的原因）可知Dr.Weinerman认为如果公共交通得到改善，市中心的情况会改善，中产阶级可能不会一致向郊区迁移，选A选项“市中心可能会改善”，同时可知B选项“中产阶级将搬到郊区”不符合原文；C选项“公共道路会变得更糟”未在原文中提及；D选项“仍然迫切需要建造更多的高速公路”过度推断，排除。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

There'sonegirlatmyschoolwhoeverybody_______becauseshedoesn'twearwhateverybodyelsewears;theyarehorribletoher.

问题1选项

A.picksout

B.picksover

C.pickson

D.picksoff

【答案】C

【解析】pickout挑选；pickover仔细检查……以便选出优品（或剔除劣品）；pickon作弄，挑剔；pickoff摘掉。句意：我们学校有一个女孩，每个人都欺负她，因为她穿的和大家不一样；大家都讨厌她。选项C符合句意。

9.翻译题

在任何社会里教育总是反映这个社会的一面镜子。通过这面镜子我们可以看到我们的实力,我们的弱点,我们的希望,我们的偏见,以及我们这个国家的主要价值观念。过去四十年来人们对教育的重视说明了人们都强烈地感到不管每个人的个人情况如何,都应当给与充分发展他能力的机会。

【答案】Inanysocialcommunity,educationisalwaysamirrorasthereflectionofthesociety.Throughthis,wecanhaveasightofourstrength,weakness,hope,prejudiceandthemajorvalueofourcountry.Havingpassedthroughfortyyears,people’sgreatimportanceoneducationprovesthatpeopleshouldprovidetheopportunitiestodeveloptheirabilitiesbutregardlessoftheirpersonalsituation.

10.单选题

Interestonshort-termgovernmentdebtsoaredtoanalmostunimaginable210%,which___atotalcollapseofinvestorconfidence.

问题1选项

A.amountsto

B.equalsto

C.isaddedupto

D.reachesto

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项amountsto“相当于，总计为”；B选项equalsto“等于；胜任”；C选项isaddedupto“加起来等于”；D选项reachesto“达到；及于”。句意：短期政府债券的利息飙升至几乎难以想象的210%，这___投资者信心的彻底崩溃。本句表达“这件事达到了让投资者信心的彻底崩溃的程度，或者说这使得投资者信心的彻底崩溃”。因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

Thereareincreasinglyfraughtrelationshipsthatadultsarehavingwithchildreninallwalksoflife,fromthepolicetopoliticians,withinthepublicsectorandwithincommunitiesthemselves.Thefearofyoungpeoplehaschangedthewaysocietyispoliced:howpupilsaretreatedinschoolsandhowinsecureadultsrelatetochildrenontheirestates.Ratherthanchildrenandyoungpeoplebecomingmoreviolentandanti-social,itisadultswhohavechanged,havingfewerrelationshipswithyoungpeopleandbecominglessconfidentintheirdealingswiththem.

Wemustexploretherolethatcrimeandsafetyinitiativeshaveontheoutlookofthepublic.Theattemptbygovernment,councildepartments,thepoliceandmanyotherstoreducethefearwithincommunitiesbydevelopingsafetyinitiativesishavingtheoppositeeffect,resultingintheinstitutionalizationofthisfear.Curfewshaveincreasedadults'fearofyoungpeopleandreducedtheamountoftimethatyoungchildrenareallowedouttoplay.Theyhaveraisedthelevelofinsecurityamongstparentsaboutthesafetyoftheirchildrenandultimatelyreducedthecontactbetweengenerationswithinthiscommunity.Itisnotfarfromthetruthtosaythat"youth"nolongerexists—ifbyyouthwemeanthefreedomlovingrebelliousness.Theoutcomeofthisprocessisbreedingagenerationofyoungpeoplewhoareifanythingmorefragileandfearfulthantheirgrandparents.

Finally,aswellasexploringthefearofyoungpeople,wemustlookattheinsecuritythatparentshavefortheirchildren.Therehasbeenareductioninplay,andspecificallyin“freeplay”，andtheeffectofthismoreregulatedenvironmentonchildren'slivesisyettobedeterminedandnotsomethingwecancontinuallyignoreinourrushtoprotectsocietyfromchildren.

1.Theauthorismainlydirectinghismessagetowards（）.

2.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout（）.

3.Theauthorseessafetyinitiativesaspartoftheproblembecause（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesit’spossibletosayyouthnolongerexistsbecause（）.

5.Tocorrecttheproblemtheauthordiscussesweareadvisedto（）.

问题1选项

A.adultsingeneral

B.theyoungergeneration

C.lawenforcementauthorities

D.parents

问题2选项

A.thewayyoungerpeoplehavechanged

B.thechangeinattitudeandtreatmenttowardsyouth

C.thefewerrelationshipsbetweenyouthandadults

D.thefearthatyouthandadultshavetowardseachother

问题3选项

A.theyactuallycausemorerebelliousness

B.theyareunpopularwithyoungpeople

C.theyworsenrelationshipsandcreatemorefear

D.theyreducetheplayyoungpeoplecanusetoexpendenergy

问题4选项

A.youthhavenomorerebellionandfreedom

B.youthareindistinguishableincharacterfromtheirgrandparents

C.theyarenotallowedtovoicetheiropinions

D.theydonotlovefreedomtheyshouldhave

问题5选项

A.stopbeingsoinsecuretowardschildren

B.letchildrenplaymore

C.studytherootsandeffectsofourfear

D.stopregulatingchildren’slives

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。文章主要从几个方而分析和讨论了社会（成年人）对年轻人的恐惧的原因。因此，这篇文章的受众应该是“总体的成年人”。因此选A。

2.判断推理题。题干意为:第一段主要讲什么?第一段主要分析了成年人对孩子的态度改变一一变得关系疏远和没有信心，影响了两者之间的紧张关系。因此B项“对青年的态度和待遇的”正确。

3.判断推理题。题干意为:作者把安全措施看作问题的一部分，是因为什么？第二段指出:Theattemptbygovernment,councildepartments,thepoliceandmanyotherstoreducethefearwithincommunitiesbydevelopingsafetyinitiativesishavingtheoppositeeffect,resultingintheinstitutionalizationofthisfear(政府、议会者、警察和其-他人通过采取安全措施以减少社区的恐惧，这反而产生负面的结果，进而导致这种对年轻人恐惧的制度化)。Curfewshaveincreasedadults'fearofyoungpeopleandreducedtheamountoftimethatyoungchildrenareallowedouttoplay(戒严已经增加了成年人对年轻人的恐惧，减少了年轻小伙的外出玩耍时间)。Theyhaveraisedthelevelofinsecurityamongstparentsaboutthesafetyoftheirchildrenandultimatelyreducedthecontactbetweengenerationswithinthiscommunity(他们还在父母们中间提高了关于孩子安全的不安全感。并且，最终减少社区中一代人之间的联系)。因此，C项“他们恶化了关系并且制造更多担忧/恐惧”正确。

4.判断推理题。题干意为:作者认为，为什么可以说年轻人不再存在？第二段指出:Itisnotfarfromthetruthtosaythat"youth"nolongerexists—ifbyyouthwemeanthefreedomlovingrebelliousness.Theoutcomeofthisprocessisbreedingagenerationofyoungpeoplewhoareifanythingmorefragileandfearfulthantheirgrandparents(如果我们的青年意味着热爱自由的叛逆，那么，可以说，青年不再存在。这一过程的结果是在培养一代年轻人，如果有这种情况的话，是在培养一代比他们祖父母更脆弱和更恐惧的年轻人)。因此，作者认为，年轻人可以说不再存在，是由于社会的各种管制而导致他们没有青春应该有的热爱自由，变得更加脆弱和恐惧。故选A项“青年人没有更多的叛逆和自由”。

5.判断推理题。题干意为:为了纠正作者讨论的问题，我们应该怎么做？最后一段指出:Finally,aswellasexploringthefearofyoungpeople,wemustlookattheinsecuritythatparentshavefortheirchildren.Therehasbeenareductioninplay,andspecificallyin“freeplay”，andtheeffectofthismoreregulatedenvironmentonchildren'slivesisyettobedeterminedandnotsomethingwecancontinuallyignoreinourrushtoprotectsocietyfromchildren(最后，分析对年轻人的恐惧，我们必须观察父母对孩子的不安全感。在玩耍中，这种不安全感己经减少，尤其在自由玩耍中，更规范的环境对孩子生活的影响尚未确定，而且，在我们急于保护社会不受孩子们干扰的过程中，这也是我们不能继续忽视的东西)。由此可知，A项“停止对孩子产生如此的不安全感”正确。

12.单选题

Youcan’tletyoureyesglideacrossthelinesofabookand（

）anunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.

问题1选项

A.comeupto

B.comeacross

C.comearound

D.comeupwith

【答案】D

【解析】comeupto达到，等于；comeacross偶遇，无意中发现；comearound顺便来访，苏醒；comeupwith提出，想出，赶上。句意：快速地浏览一本书，你无法理解阅读的内容。选项D符合语境。

13.单选题

（）myreturn,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbebackforseveralhours.

问题1选项

A.For

B.At

C.In

D.On

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配题。onone’sreturn表示“在……回来的时候”。

14.单选题

Sincethefirstbrainscannerwasconstructedseveralyearsago,computedtomographyorcomputedmedicalimagery,hasbecomefairlywidelyused.ItsrapidacceptanceisduetothefactthatithasovercomeseveralofthedrawbacksofconventionalX-raytechnology.

Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionalobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer.Computedtomographycangivethree-dimensionalinformation.Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles.Suchpicturesarebasedonseriesofthin…slices".

Inaddition,conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs.Theycannotdistinguishsofttissuesorvariationsintissues.Theliverandpancreasarenotdiscernibleatall,andcertainotherorgansmaxonlyberenderedvisiblethroughtheuseofradioopaquedye.Sincecomputedtomographyismuchmoresensitive,thesofttissuesofthekidneysorthelivercanbeseenandclearlydifferentiated.ThistechniquecanalsoaccuratelymeasuredifferentdegreesofX-rayabsorption,facilitatingthestudyofthenatureof'tissue.

AthirdproblemwithconventionalX-raymethodsistheirinabilitytomeasurequantitativelytheseparatedensitiesoftheindividualsubstancesthroughwhichtheX-rayhaspassed.Onlythemeanabsorptionofallthetissuesisrecorded.Thisisnotaproblemwithcomputedtomography.Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy.

1.ConventionalX-raysmainlyshowthedifferencebetween（）

.

2.Whatkindofviewismadepossiblebycontiguouscrosssectionsofthebody?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,comparedtoconventionalX-raytechniques,computedtomographyismore（）

.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthisnewtechnique?

5.Accordingtothepassage,computedtomographycanbeusedforallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）

.

问题1选项

A.boneandair

B.liverandpancreas

C.muscleandotherbodytissues

D.heartandlungs

问题2选项

A.Two-dimensional.

B.Three-dimensional.

C.Animated.

D.Intensified.

问题3选项

A.compact

B.rapid

C.economical

D.informative

问题4选项

A.Cautious.

B.Tolerant.

C.Enthusiastic.

D.Critical.

问题5选项

A.monitoringapatient'sdisease

B.diagnosingdisorders

C.locatingtumors

D.reconstructingdamagedtissues

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:根据第三段的第一句“ConventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair...”可知，选项A正确。

第2题:根据第二段的第三句“Computedtomographycangivethree-dimensionalinformation.”可知，选项B符合原文。

第3题:通读全文可知，计算机断层扫描相对于传统射线扫描来说，能够显示三维物体所包含的所有信息，能够清楚地看到更深层次的组织，以及通过物质的密度进行定位，这些都说明计算机断层扫描相对于传统射线扫描来说更加信息化。只有选项D符合原文。

第4题:通读全文可知，作者对这项新技术的态度是积极的，看好的。选项A谨慎的；选项B宽容的；选项D批评的，都不符合原文。所以选项C正确。

第5题:根据原文可知，计算机断层扫描可以监测患者的疾病；可以诊断疾病；可以定位肿瘤，但不能重建受损组织。所以选D。

15.单选题

Asmarketersincreasetheircommunicationthroughbothprintandelectronicchannels,theopportunityfor_______isgrowingrapidly.

问题1选项

A.fraud

B.jargon

C.pledge

D.motivation

【答案】A

【解析】fraud欺诈,骗子;jargon行话;pledge保证,许诺,抵押;motivation动机。句意：当营销人员通过印刷和电子渠道加强沟通的时候，也为欺诈行为提供了快速增长的机会。选项A符合句意。

16.单选题

Mutualrespectforterritorial______isoneofthebasesuponwhichourtwocountriesdeveloprelationshi