考研考博-英语-广州科技职业技术大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广州科技职业技术大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

ThomasPainewascommittedtospeakingthetruthbluntly______.

问题1选项

A.asheunderstoodit

B.hehadunderstanding

C.wasunderstood

D.thathisunderstandingwas

【答案】A

【解析】考查语法。句子结构完整，所以空格处应该是做修饰的成分。A项as引导方式状语，表示“按照……”，B项本身不符合语法结构；C项不应再出现谓语动词was；D项that在引导一个缺成分的从句，不符合语法结构。句意：托马斯•潘恩(ThomasPaine)致力于直言不讳地说出他所理解的真相。故正确答案为A。

2.单选题

InNovember1987thegovernment（）apublicdebateonthefuturedirectionoftheofficialsportspolicy.

问题1选项

A.initiated

B.designed

C.induced

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】initiated开始,开创；designed设计,计划；induced引诱,说服；promoted促进,提升。句意：1987年11月,政府开始就官方体育政策的未来方向进行公开辩论。选项A符合原文。

3.单选题

Suchquestionsshouldbeapproachedhonestlyandinfullawarenessthat（

）loanagreementswillcostmoneyduetocancellationorothercharges.

问题1选项

A.compressing

B.terminating

C.conforming

D.contending

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:这些问题应该认真的探讨，要充分意识到终止贷款协议及其他事项是要花成本的。

compress(被)压紧;精简;浓缩;压缩;压缩(文件等)。terminate(使)停止，结束，终止;到达终点站。conform顺从，顺应(大多数人或社会);随潮流;遵守。contend(尤指在争论中)声称，主张，认为;竞争;争夺。

4.单选题

Becausemytoothwasbadlydecayed,thedentisthadto（

）it.

问题1选项

A.extricate

B.exterminate

C.eradicate

D.extract

【答案】D

【解析】句意:因为我的蛀牙很严重,牙医不得不拔掉它。

考查形近词辨析。Extricate使解脱,解救;exterminate消灭,根除;eradicate铲除;extract拔出,拔(牙)。

5.问答题

ThedropinthepriceofBrentcrudefromahighofmorethan$115abarrelinJunetolessthan

A

$60earlierthismonthhasputextramoneyintoconsumer’spocketsandboosted

B

C

fuel-intensivebusinesses,whilecuttingoilcompanies’revenuesandstokingfinancialcrisesin

D

oil-producingcountriesincludingRussiaandVenezuela.

【答案】试题答案：C;consumers’

【解析】考查名词所有格。根据语义可知此处的消费者不止一个，以s结尾的复数名词的所有格直接加“'”，consumers’意为“消费者的”。

6.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmallwell-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts.Yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerlessthathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob.Theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain-bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis（

）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat（

）

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（

）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（

）.

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividualfunctionsinit

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

问题3选项

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

问题4选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkerandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题5选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.tolerance

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一句话通常点出主旨大意。通篇文章都在谈论人们由于对工作没有激情和兴趣而找不到存在感，生活在巨大的焦虑之中的现实。所以C选项“社会中毫不重要的一个小部分，尽管一切运作正常”符合题意。

2.根据文章第二段的最后一句话‘Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.他们生活和死亡从来没有面对过人类作为情感和智力独立和有生产力的人存在的基本现实。’确定真正的原因是作为“情感与理智上独立的、富有创造性的”个人被忽视。D选项正确。选项A、B只是部分原因，不是真正的原因；C的意思与文章内容相悖。

3.语义推测题。文章第三段开头提到‘Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.生活在社会上层阶级的人需要面对更为激烈的竞争，因此面临着更大的焦虑，同时也更没有安全感‘。所以A和B选项排除。第三段最后一句提到“Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.一个人需要频繁地去证实他不比其竞争者差或比他更好，这样频繁的焦虑和压力正是人类抑郁和生病的原因。”，所以C选项排除。所以正确答案为D。

4.语义理解题。文章最后一段作者提到了解决方法：Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.我建议把我们的社会制度从以最大限度的生产和消费为目的的官僚主义管理的工业主义转变为以人为本的工业主义，在这种工业主义中，人和充分发挥他的潜力---即爱和理性的潜力---是一切社会安排的目标。作者不赞同回到工业革命前的生产模式或是19世纪自由市场资本主义，所以A和B选项排除。作者赞同旨在激发人类爱和理智无限潜能的社会事业，所以C选项正确。D选项文章没有提及，排除。

5.作者观点题。作者提出了由于工业主义后在社会上产生的焦虑，但是文章最后一段，作者并不仅仅是表达对现状的不满意，而是以宽容的方式提出更好的建议来改善现状。所以D选项“宽容”符合题意。A“赞同”和C“怀疑”都不符合文意，排除。B‘不满’比较片面，排除。

7.单选题

Volcanicfireandglacialicearenaturalenemies.Eruptionsatglaciatedvolcanoestypicallydestroyicefields,astheydidin1980when70%ofMountSaintHelensicecoverwasdemolished.Duringlongdormantintervals,glaciersgaintheupperhandcuttingdeeplyintovolcanicconesandeventuallyreducingthemtorubble.OnlyrarelydothesecompetingforcesofheatandcoldoperateinperfectbalancetocreateaphenomenonsuchasthesteamcavesatMountRainierNationalPark.

LocatedinsideRainier’stwoice-filledsummitcraters,thesecavesformalabyrinthoftunnelsandvaultedchambersaboutoneandone-halfmilesintotallength.Theircreationdependsonanunusualcombinationoffactorsthatnaturealmostneverbringstogetherinoneplace.Thecave-makingrecipecallsforasteadyemissionofvolcanicgasandheat,aheavyannualsnowfallatanelevationhighenoughtokeepitfrommeltingduringthesummer,andabowl-shapedcratertoholdthesnow.

SnowaccumulatingyearlyinRainier’ssummitcratersiscompactedandcompressedintoadenseformoficecalledfirm,asubstancemidwaybetweenordinaryiceandthedensercrystallineicethatmakesupglaciers.Heatrisingfromnumerousopening(calledfumaroles)alongtheinnercraterwallsmeltsoutchambersbetweentherockywallsandtheoverlyingicepack.Circulatingcurrentsofwarmairthenmeltadditionalopeningsinthefirmice,eventuallyconnectingtheindividualchambersand,inthelargerofRainier’stwocraters,formingacontinuouspassagewaythatextendstwo-thirdsofthewayaroundthecratersinterior.

Tomaintainthecavesystem,theelementsoffireundericemustremaininequilibrium.Enoughsnowmustfillthecratereachyeartoreplacethatmeltedfrombelow.Iftoomuchvolcanicheatisdischarged,thecrater’sicepackwillmeltawayentirelyandthecaveswillvanishalongwiththesnowsofyesteryear.Iftoolittleheatisproduced,theice,replenishedannuallybywintersnowstorms,willexpand,pushingagainsttheenclosingcraterwallsandsmotheringthepresentcavernsinsolidfirnice.

31.Withwhattopicisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

32.Accordingtothepassage,longperiodsofvolcanicinactivitycanleadtoavolcaniccone’s______.

33.ThesecondparagraphmentionsallofthefollowingasnecessaryelementsinthecreationofsteamcavesEXCEPT______.

34.Accordingtothepassage,heatfromMountRainier’ssummitcratersrisesfrom______.

35.“smothering”(Paragraph4)means______.

问题1选项

A.TheimportanceofsnowfallforMountRainier.

B.ThesteamcavesofMountRainier’s.

C.Howicecoversaredestroyed.

D.TheeruptionofMountSaintHelensin1980.

问题2选项

A.strongeruption

B.suddengrowth

C.destruction

D.unpredictability

问题3选项

A.aglacier

B.acrater

C.heat

D.snow

问题4选项

A.crystallineice

B.firns

C.chambers

D.fumaroles

问题5选项

A.eliminate

B.enlarged

C.prevented

D.hollowed

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】31.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章主要讨论什么主题？”。文章第一段通过火山火和冰川冰的竞争引出雷尼尔山国家公园的蒸汽洞穴的话题，随即第二段介绍了蒸汽洞穴形成的特征，第三段讲述冰川与火山口相互作用形成蒸汽洞的具体过程，最后一段讲述了蒸汽洞的维持需要热与雪在火山口的独特平衡。综上所述，这篇文章主要讨论的是雷尼尔山的蒸汽洞穴，B项“雷尼尔山的蒸汽洞穴”正确。A项“降雪对雷尼尔山的重要性”属于以偏概全。C项“冰雪是如何被破坏的”和D项“1980年圣海伦斯火山爆发”只是少部分提及或者举例，也属于以偏概全。因此，该题选择B项正确。

32.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“根据这篇文章，长时间的火山不活动会导致火山锥的……”。定位第一段第三句Duringlongdormantintervals,glaciersgaintheupperhandcuttingdeeplyintovolcanicconesandeventuallyreducingthemtorubble.（在长时间的休眠期间，冰川占据上风，深深地切割火山锥，最终将它们夷为平地）可知，如果火山长时间不活动，那么冰川会把火山锥夷为平地，C项“破坏”正确。A项“强烈的火山喷发”和B项“突然的增长”与原文相反，属于反向干扰。D项“不可预测性”属于无中生有。因此，该题选择C项正确。

33.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“第二段提到了除了……以外的所有蒸汽洞穴的必要元素”。定位第二段第二句Thecave-makingrecipecallsforasteadyemissionofvolcanicgasandheat,aheavyannualsnowfallatanelevationhighenoughtokeepitfrommeltingduringthesummer,andabowl-shapedcratertoholdthesnow.（建造洞穴的方法需要稳定的火山气体和热量的释放，在海拔足够高的地方每年有大量的降雪，以防止在夏季融化，还有一个碗状的火山口来容纳雪）可知，蒸汽洞穴的必要元素是火山口、降雪和热量，B项“火山口”、C项“热”和D项“雪”都正确。只有A项“冰川”没提到。因此，该题选择A项正确。

34.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“根据这篇文章，雷尼尔山山顶火山口的热量从……上升”。定位第三段第二句Heatrisingfromnumerousopening(calledfumaroles)alongtheinnercraterwallsmeltsoutchambersbetweentherockywallsandtheoverlyingicepack.（沿着火山口内壁的大量喷气孔上升的热量融化了岩壁和上面的冰袋之间的洞穴）可知，D项“喷气孔”正确。定位第一句SnowaccumulatingyearlyinRainier’ssummitcratersiscompactedandcompressedintoadenseformoficecalledfirn,asubstancemidwaybetweenordinaryiceandthedensercrystallineicethatmakesupglaciers.（在雷尼尔山顶的陨石坑里，每年积累的雪被压实并压缩成一种称为硬冰的密集形式，这种物质介于普通冰和构成冰川的更致密的结晶冰之间）可知，A项“结晶冰”和B项“积雪”与题干无关，属于出处错位。C项“洞穴”也属于出处错位。因此，该题选择D项正确。

35.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】语义推测题。题干意思是“第四段的smothering的意思是……”。定位第四段最后一句Iftoolittleheatisproduced,theice,replenishedannuallybywintersnowstorms,willexpand,pushingagainsttheenclosingcraterwallsandsmotheringthepresentcavernsinsolidfirnice.（如果产生的热量太少，每年由冬季暴风雪补充的冰就会膨胀，挤压周围的陨石坑壁，并用坚实的冰smothering现在的洞穴），结合前一句Iftoomuchvolcanicheatisdischarged,thecrater’sicepackwillmeltawayentirelyandthecaveswillvanishalongwiththesnowsofyesteryear.（如果火山释放出过多的热量，火山口的冰块将完全融化，洞穴将和去年的雪一起消失），这两句分别是阐述热量过少和热量过多时，蒸汽洞穴的变化，前一句提到了vanish，所以smothering的意思也和vanish相近，表示“消失”，A项“消除”符合题意。B项“放大”、C项“预防”和D项“挖空”都是曲解原文。因此，该题选择A项正确。

8.单选题

Myshoulderhurt（）eachtimeIputanotherfullbarrelonit,andmylegsoccasionallytrembledasIwasheadingtothestreet.

问题1选项

A.wickedly

B.typically

C.ultimately

D.vainly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。wickedly“恶劣地，居心叵测的”；typically“代表性地，作为特色地”；ultimately“最后，根本”；vainly“徒劳地，无益地”。句意：每次我把装满东西的桶放我肩上时，我的肩膀就疼得厉害，当我走向街头时，我的腿也是不是打颤。能修饰hurt的只有wickedly。故A项正确。

9.单选题

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:“Areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?”TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants’impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestressthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation’sfearsandinsecurities.There’ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren’tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat’sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration’simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers—meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers’savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.

Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants’accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.“Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon.“Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone.”Toobadmostpeopledon’trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebatedoverimmigration?

问题1选项

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit’sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

问题2选项

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

问题3选项

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

问题4选项

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudge.

问题5选项

A.Eveneconomistscan’treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.绝大多数美国民众认为移民是有害的。然而，大多数经济学家的共识是，无论是合法的还是非法的移民，都对经济有小小的促进作用。”可知公众与经济学家就移民是好还是坏有不同的看法。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第一段“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes，andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.移民提供了廉价的劳动力，降低了从农产品到新住房等一切商品的价格，让消费者口袋里多了一些钱。”可知移民给普通美国人带来的好处是：降低了物价，使他们手中能有多一些钱。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题.由题干关键词“nativelow-skilledworkers”定位到第三段倒数一、二句“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.本地的低技能工人在与外国劳工的竞争中受害最深。根据哈佛大学经济学家GeorgeBorjas的一项研究，从1980年到2000年，移民使美国高中辍学生的工资下降了9%。”可知C项“他们很难找到一份薪水体面的工作”正确。

4.细节事实题。由第四段“Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.换句话说，他们最担心的是移民带来的财政负担。”可知D项“它会给国家预算带来很大压力”正确。

5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.具有讽刺意味的是，尽管所有的争论都过于激烈，移民的净影响却微乎其微。即使对那些受影响最严重的人——比如，低技能工人或加州居民——影响也不那么显著。”可知C项“人们对影响不大的事情大惊小怪”正确，即人们对于移民的影响过于大惊小怪。

10.翻译题

1.ThecostofhealthcareisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingtheUnitedStates,and,asmostpeopleknowfromexperience,drugpricesareagrowingpartoftheproblem.

2.Althoughdrugspendingrepresentsonly12percentoftotalhealthcosts，itisrisingatanannualrateof10to12percent—morethanfourtimestherateofinflation—andwillsoonovertakephysicianfeesasthesecondlargestpartofthehealth-carebill,alterhospitalizationcosts.Whyisthishappening?Unlikeotheradvancedcountries,theUnitesStatesdoesn’tregulatedrugcosts.

3.Privateinsurersbargainwithmanufacturersfordiscountsonthemedicinestheycover,butthedrugindustryhaslongstymiedsucheffortsbythefederalgovernment.TheresultisthatAmericanspayroughlytwiceasmuchasCanadiansorEuropeansforbrand-namemedications

4.Theproblemisreachingcrisisproportions—andwithoutboldreforms,itwillgetworse.Thepharmaceuticalindustryclaimsthathighpricesarenecessarytocoveritsresearchanddevelopmentcosts.5.Thetruthisthatin2002,thetop10Americandrugcompanieshadamedianprofitmarginof17percent,comparedwithlessthan3.1percentfortheotherFortune500industries.

【答案】1.医疗保健费用是美国面临的最大挑战之一，而且，正如大多数人从经验中知道的那样，药价是问题日益严重的一部分。

2.虽然药物支出仅占总医疗费用的12%，年率上升10%到12%——超过通货膨胀率的四倍，很快就会超越医生诊疗费用，成为第二大医疗保健法案的一部分，改变住院费用。

3.私人保险公司与制造商讨价还价，争取他们承保的药品的折扣，但制药业长期以来一直阻挠联邦政府的这类努力。

4.这个问题正达到危机的程度——如果不进行大胆的改革，它将变得更糟。

5.事实是，2002年，美国前十大制药公司的利润率中值为17%，而其他财富500强行业的利润率中值不到3.1%。

11.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Heistheheadofthehospital.

B.HeisinchargeofPediatrics.

C.HewentoutlookingforDan.

D.HewenttoMichiganonbusiness.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Hello,thisisDonNorthfromPediatrics.I’dlikeawordwithDoctorWilsonifit’spossible.

W:I’msorry,butheleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning.Hewasinfactlookingforyoujustbeforeheleft.

Q:WhatistrueaboutDoctorWilson?

【解析】细节题。对话中说到：heleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning，即DoctorWilson今早前往密歇根参加会议。

12.单选题

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe“CaroftheFuture”.Theyfeaturedunconventionalstylingandthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yet,frankly,mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.Itwillstillgoandstop,butitmaynotburngasoline.Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.

Airbagsaren’tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions（碰撞）,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren’tgoingaway,andinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimize（使减少到最低限度）injuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace.Futurecarsmaybeabletoeliminatemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,tailgatingandsleepiness.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Manyaccidentsarecausedbypeoplefollowingthecarinfronttooclosely.Asearlyasnextyear,you’llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou’reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle.Forcitystreets,expectotherradardevicesthatwillgiveadvancewarningthatthecarinfrontofyouhasslowedsuddenlyandyoushouldsteponthebrakes—orthatmayevenbrakeforyou.

Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon’tbetechnicallypossible,andMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars,butsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe（安全的）systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisabled.

1.Theauthorwasfascinatedbycarsbecause_____.

2.Bysay“mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo”(Line-5-6,para.1),theauthormeansthat.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?

4.Whatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver’ssystem?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.othersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirown,too

B.hereadexotic