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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东莞理工学院城市学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Intheaccidentthewindshieldofthebuswas______.

问题1选项

A.scattered

B.shattered

C.knocked

D.battered

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项scatter“撒播,散开,散布”,B项shatter“粉碎,打碎,破坏”,C项knock“敲,打,敲击”,D项batter“连续猛击,虐待殴打”。根据关键词accident“事故”和windshield“挡风玻璃”可知,空格处填入“粉碎”符合句子语境。句意:在事故中,公共汽车的挡风玻璃被震碎了。因此,该题选择B项正确。

2.单选题

Areundergraduategradesimportant?Everyoneknowsthathighmarksearnedatdifferentschoolsorunderdifferentinstructorscanindicateverydifferentlevelsofachievement.Oneprofessormaybeahardgrader,whileanotherisverygenerousoronewhotakesthewholebusinessasabitofjoke.Someschoolshavenighstandards,whereasothersaregroupsofintellectualpeople.Andatalluniversities,thereisaconstanttendencytowardsgradeinflation(thegrantingofevermorehighmarks).Thatisfoughtvigorouslyatsomeinstitutionsandallowedtogouncheckedforlongperiodsatothers.

Anotherpointraisedagainstgradesishowpoorlytheypredicthowmuchgraduateswillbeearning15or20yearsaftergettingtheirdegrees.Asmanystudieshaveshown,thereisonlyaverypoorcorrelationbetweenundergraduate’sgradesandsubsequentwealth.Peoplewhogetgoodmarkstendtogointotheprofessions,notallofwhicharehighlyremunerative(有利的).Thecorrelationbetweenundergraduategradesandsuccessinbusiness,themostcommonroadtowealth,isvirtuallynothing.Manymediocre(平庸)studentsbecomesuccessfulbusinessman,whilesomebrilliantandcapablegraduates(creativeyoungsters,notstudentswithspecialskillsinpassingexams)takeuprelativelylow-payingbutinterestingorsatisfyingcareers.Thegeneralpopulation,examiningthisquestionthroughastatisticallens,seesonethingveryclearlythatgoodgradesdon’ttranslateinanydirectwayintobigbucks,andforbetterorforworse,thegauge(标尺)of“success”forcountlessAmericansistheacquisitionofwealth.

TheresultisacertainmodestyaboutgoodgradesinAmericaamongthosewhogetthem.Astudent’sparentsmaybragabouthismarks,butseldomwillthestudenthimselfriskbeingbrandeda“grade-grubber”bydrawingtoomuchattentiontohisacademicsuccess.Highmarksarenotsomethingtobeadvertisedtotheworldexceptonresumes,andanybodywhoboastsaboutthemislikelytobeviewedwithcontempt,notleastbyintelligentpeople.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutundergraduategrades?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatistherelationshipbetweengradesandbusinessperformance?

3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheAmericanattitudetowardsgoodgrades?

4.Thephrase“grade-grubber”,underlinedinparagraph3probablymeans(

).

5.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Differentgradesinschoolsindicatedifferentlevelsofachievement.

B.Professorsaregivingincreasinglyhighmarks.

C.Professorssometimesgivegradeswithoutcheckingstudent’swork.

D.Professorsarelikelytogivehighgradesiftheyarehumorous.

问题2选项

A.Goodgradesnormallyleadtobusinesssuccess.

B.Thereisadirectlinkbetweengradesandbusinesssuccess.

C.Goodgradesdon'tnecessarilymeanbusinesssuccess.

D.Poorgradesoftenmeanbusinesssuccess.

问题3选项

A.Thestudentswithgoodgradeswillsharehishappinesswitheverybodyheknows.

B.Goodgradesaresomethingattachedtogreatimportance.

C.Notmuchimportanceisattachedtogoodgrades.

D.Studentswillriskeverythingtogetgoodgrades.

问题4选项

A.astudentwholiketotakerisks

B.astudentwhoisexcellentinacademicstudy

C.astudentwhoisobsessedbygettinggoodgrades

D.astudentwhobragsabouthisgoodgrades

问题5选项

A.AreGradesSoImportant?

B.HowtoGetGoodGrades.

C.DifferentAttitudestowardsGrades.

D.GradesandBusinessSuccess

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干询问‘关于本科成绩,下列哪个选项是正确的?’。根据文章第一段中第三句“Oneprofessormaybeahardgrader,whileanotherisverygenerousoronewhotakesthewholebusinessasabitofjoke.一位教授可能是一个严格的评分者,而另一位教授可能是一个非常慷慨的人,或者是一个把整件事当作玩笑的人。”确定C选项‘教授有时不检查学生的作业就给他们打分。’正确。

2.细节事实题。题干询问‘根据这篇文章,成绩和企业绩效之间的关系是什么?’。根据文章第二段中第四句“Thecorrelationbetweenundergraduategradesandsuccessinbusiness,themostcommonroadtowealth,isvirtuallynothing.大学本科成绩与商业成功(最常见的致富之路)之间的相关性几乎为零。”确定C选项‘好的成绩并不一定意味着商业上的成功。’正确。

3.推理判断题。题干询问‘下列哪一项最能描述美国人对待好成绩的态度?’。根据文章最后一段中第一句“TheresultisacertainmodestyaboutgoodgradesinAmericaamongthosewhogetthem.结果是,在美国取得好成绩的人对自己的成绩多少有些谦虚。”确定C选项‘好成绩不太重要。’正确。

4.词汇题。题干询问‘第3段下划线的grade-grubber”一词可能是指…’。根据文章最后一段的第二句‘Astudent’sparentsmaybragabouthismarks,butseldomwillthestudenthimselfriskbeingbrandeda“grade-grubber”bydrawingtoomuchattentiontohisacademicsuccess.学生的父母可能会吹嘘他的成绩,但很少会因为过分关注他的学业成绩而给自己贴上“grade-grubber”的标签。’这句话中的方式状语“bydrawingtoomuchattentiontohisacademicsuccess通过高度重视自己的学术成就”就是该词的解释,所以C选项‘一个痴迷于取得好成绩的学生’正确。

5.主旨大意题。题干询问‘这篇文章最好的题目是什么?’。在文章开头作者提出问题“Areundergraduategradesimportant?",之后从多个方面论证了大学成绩并不是那么重要,高分不能代表财富和成功。所以用这一句话作为标题很恰当合适,A选项正确。

3.单选题

Eachmonth5Yuanis(

)frommysalaryforhouse-repairingpayment.

问题1选项

A.excluded

B.expelled

C.compelled

D.docked

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项exclude“排除”;B选项expel“驱逐,开除”;C选项compel“强迫”;D选项dock“使靠码头,从(工资)中扣除(一部分的钱)”。句意:每个月从我的工资中扣去5元用于修房子。选项D符合句意。

4.单选题

Everyone______therighttohisownopinion.

问题1选项

A.imitates

B.requests

C.deserves

D.outlines

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项imitates“模仿”;B选项requests“正式要求,请求”;C选项deserves“应得”;D选项outlines“概括”。句意:每个人都______权利持有自己的观点。选项符合题意。根据语境,这里指的是每个人本身都有权利持有自己的观点,C选项deserves“应得”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

5.翻译题

Informulatinghypotheses,acommonerroristheuncriticalacceptanceofapparentcommonsensebutuntestedassumptions.Thusinthefieldofpsychology,itwasformanyyearsautomaticallyassumedthatthemaincauseofforgetfulnessistheintervaloftimeelapsingbetweensuccessiveexposurestoalearningstimulus.Experimentation,however,wassubsequentlyundertaken,andseveralotherfactors,suchasmotivationandthestrengthoreffectivenessofthestimulus,turnedouttohaveanevermoreimportantbearingontheproblem.Asomewhatsimilarerrorarisesfromneglectofmultiplecauses.Thustwoeventsmaybefoundtobeassociated,e.g.whentheincidenceofadiseaseinasmokyindustrialsectorofacityissignificantlyhigherthanthatinthesmoke-freezones,aresearchworkermightinferthattheexistenceofthediseaseisduetothesmokinessoftheareawheninfactitmightequallywellbefoundinotherreasons,suchastheunder-nourishmentoftheinhabitantsorover-crowding.

【答案】【参考译文】在提出假设的过程中,一个常见的错误是不加批判地接受表面上是常识但未经检验的假设。因此,在心理学领域,多年来不经思索地认为健忘的主要原因是消逝在连续受到学习刺激之间的时间间隔。但是后来的实验表明了还有其他几个因素在这个问题中起重要的作用,比如动机和刺激的强度和效力。一个有些类似的错误源自忽视原因的多样性。因此,两个事件可能会被发现有关联,例如,当一种疾病的发病率在烟雾弥漫的城市工业区明显高于无烟区域时,研究人员可能会推论疾病的存在是由于该地区的烟雾的关系,而事实上可能是由于其他的同样可以造成这种疾病的原因,比如居民的营养不良或过分拥挤。

6.单选题

Thewayinwhichpeopleusesocialspacereflectstheirsocialrelationshipsandtheirethnicidentity.EarlyimmigrantstoAmericafromEuropebroughtwiththemacollectivestyleofliving,whichtheyretaineduntillateinthe18thcentury.Historicalrecordsdocumentagroup-orientedexistence,inwhichoneroomwasusedforeating,entertainingguests,andsleeping.Peopleatesoupsfromacommunalpot,shareddrinkingcups,andusedacommonpittoilet.Withthedevelopmentofideasaboutindividualism,peoplesoonbegantoshifttotheuseofindividualcupsandplates;theeatingofmealsthatincludedmeat,bread,andvegetablesservedonseparateplates;andtheuseofprivatetoilets.Theybegantobuildtheirhouseswithseparateroomstoentertainguests-livingrooms,separatebedroomsforsleeping,separateworkareas—kitchen,laundryroom,andseparatebathrooms.

InMexico,themeaningandorganizationofdomesticspaceisstrikinglydifferent.Housesareorganizedaroundapatio,orcourtyard.Roomsopenontothepatio,whereallkindsofdomesticactivitiestakeplace.Individualsdonothaveseparatebedrooms.Childrenoftensleepwithparents,andbrothersorsistersshareabed,emphasizingfamilialinterdependence.RoomsinMexicanhousesarelocationsformultipleactivitiesthat,incontrast,arerigidlyseparatedintheUnitedStates.

1.Changesinlivingstylesamongearlyimmigrantswereinitiallybroughtaboutby______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdiscussedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.risinglivingstandards

B.newconcepts

C.newcustoms

D.newdesignsofhouses

问题2选项

A.Theirconceptsofdomesticspace

B.Theirsocialrelationships.

C.Thefunctionsoftheirrooms.

D.Thelayoutoftheirhouses.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

【解析】1.考查细节事实题。由文章一段中的Withthedevelopmentofideasaboutindividualism,peoplesoonbegantoshifttotheuseofindividualcupsandplates(随着个人主义思想的发展,人们很快开始转向使用单独的杯子和盘子)可知“个人主义思想”是一种新的观念,改变了人们的生活方式,因此选B。

2.细节事实题。文章第一段中的Thewayinwhichpeopleusesocialspacereflectstheirsocialrelationshipsandtheirethnicidentity.(人们使用社会空间的方式反映了他们的社会关系和民族认同)与B选项对应,inwhichoneroomwasusedforeating,entertainingguests,andsleeping(其中一个房间用来吃饭、招待客人和睡觉)与C选项对应,Theybegantobuildtheirhouseswithseparateroomstoentertainguests-livingrooms,separatebedroomsforsleeping,separateworkareas—kitchen,laundryroom,andseparatebathrooms(他们开始建造自己的房子,有单独的房间来招待客、睡觉和工作——厨房、洗衣房和浴室)与D选项对应。通过排除法排除B、C、D选项,因此选A。

7.单选题

CriticalandindependentthinkingisavaluedskillamongAmericanacademicsandprofessorswhooftensadlylamentthatmodernstudentslacktheseskills.

问题1选项

A.mournaloud

B.expresssorrowdemonstratively

C.complain

D.regretstrongly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词以及形容词词义辨析。A选项mournaloud“大声哀悼”;B选项expresssorrowdemonstratively“表达悲伤”;C选项complain“抱怨”;D选项regretstrongly“强烈后悔”。题目中的lament表达的是“遗憾”的意思,所以D“regretstrongly深表遗憾”与题目意思相符。句意:美国专业学者和教授认为批判思维独立思维是一种很有价值的技能,他们通常会因现在的学生缺乏这种能力而伤感遗憾。因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Someplantscontainsubstancesthatinterferewiththedigestiveprocessesofanimals.

问题1选项

A.disrupt

B.encourage

C.augment

D.trigger

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。interferewith表示“干涉,妨碍”;A项disrupt“破坏,瓦解”,B项encourage“鼓励”,C项argument“争论”,D项trigger“引发,触发”。句意:有些植物含有干扰动物消化过程的物质。根据句意该题选A。

9.单选题

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther(

)forawholeweek.(98/6)

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained“被强迫的”;dominated“占主导地位的”;restricted“受限制的’;occupied“使用中的;无空闲的”。句意:她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修,为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

WhentheGroupofSevenwasformedin1920,theartistshopedforrecognitionoftheirworksandideas.Inthecatalogtotheirfirstexhibition,theyactuallyinvitedadversecriticism-butonlybecausewhattheyfearedmostwasindifference.AtatimewhenCanadawascomingintoitsown,theyfeltthatamajorfactorinthedevelopmentofastrongandhealthynationwasavitalandrelevantart.TheyhopedthattheirworkswouldmakeasignificantcontributiontotheevolutionofatrulyCanadianarttradition.Therefore,theGroup'sdesiretopainttheCanadianlandscapelaysthegenuineconvictionthatitwasthenorthernlandscapethatrepresentedandexpressedthecountry'suniquecharacter.ItwasthisconceptthatwastocapturetheimaginationofsomanyCanadians.

TodaythereiseveryindicationthattheGrouphasattaineditsgoals.Theseartistshaveachievedwidespreadpopularsuccessandacclaim,andtheirworkshavebeenheraldedasoneofthebasicsymbolsofCanadianculture.Theyhavebeenhonoredwithexhibitions,degreesandmedals;reproductionsoftheirworkscanbefoundoneverythingfromposterstopostagestamps.

Asfrequentlyhappenswithpopulartrends,therehasbeenatendencytoromanticizetheaccomplishmentsoftheGroup,whichhasinevitablycausedmanymisconceptionstodevelop.ThemostcommonoftheseisthepopularbeliefthattheSevenwereviolentlycriticizedinthefirstGroupshows.However,thetruthofthematteristhatthereviewsfortheseearlyshowswerenearlyallfavorable.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.TheauthorimpliesthattheGroupofSevenwelcomedadversecriticismbecauseitwould().

3.Theauthorimpliesthatthemembers-oftheGroupofSevenwere().

4.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingweremajorgoalsoftheGroupofSevenEXCEPT().

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawayinwhichtheGroupofSevenwashonored?

问题1选项

A.TheoriginofCanadiantraditions.

B.ThesevensymbolsofCanada

C.PopulartrendsinCanadianart.

D.AgroupofsevenCanadianartists.

问题2选项

A.helpthemtoimproveasartists.

B.meanthattheirworkwasbeingnoticed.

C.increasethemarketvalueoftheirwork.

D.gainsupportforthemasvictimsofunfaircriticism.

问题3选项

A.portraitpainters

B.landscapeartists

C.artcritics

D.artdealers

问题4选项

A.producingartwiththeintentofsellingitquickly

B.havingtheirworkrecognized

C.havingtheirideasaboutartacceptedDcontributingtothegrowthofauniquelyCanadianart

问题5选项

A.Degreeswereconferredonthem.

B.Theirworkwasexhibited.

C.Monumentswerededicatedtothem.

D.Theywereawardedmedals.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文主要介绍了加拿大的本土风格的艺术家团体theGroupofSeven期望依靠自身努力得到认可,以及介绍他们为加拿大本土文化所作贡献的事迹,而不是讲述加拿大传统的起源或是加拿大艺术的流行趋势,因此,正确答案为D项。

2.细节事实题。根据原文第一段Inthecatalogtotheirfirstexhibition,theyactuallyinvitedadversecriticism-butonlybecausewhattheyfearedmostwasindifference.可知,艺术团体并不担心负面评论,而是担心人们漠视他们的艺术创作。因此,B项“意味着他们的创作不被关注和重视”最符合题意。

3.推理判断题。根据原文第一段Therefore,behindtheGroup'sdesiretopainttheCanadianlandscapelaythegenuineconvictionthatitwasthenorthernlandscapethatrepresentedandexpressedthecountry'suniquecharacter.可知,成员们主要描绘的是Canadianlandscape,所以GroupofSeven成员是风景画家。故本题正确答案为B项。

4.推理判断题。原文中讲述了GroupofSeven艺术家们的创作目的,期待人们理解和认可他们的创作理念,并希望他们的作品能够促进加拿大本土艺术的繁荣发展,对本土文化有所贡献。文中并未提及艺术家们是以快速销售为目的而进行的艺术创作。因此,本题正确答案是A项。

5.细节事实题。根据原文第二段Theyhavebeenhonoredwithexhibitions,degreesandmedals;reproductionsoftheirworkscanbefoundoneverythingfromposterstopostagestamps.可知,为了进行表彰,这些艺术家的作品被展出,他们也被授予了学位(degree)和颁发了奖章(medal),但并没有树立纪念碑(monument)。因此,本题正确答案为C项。

11.翻译题

Whenproprietaryinformationisaconcern,rememberthatnondisclosureagreementsmaybeapartofone’sspecifications,andthatfirmsmaybeevaluatedbasedontheircompliance.Whilevitaltechnologiesandproductdevelopmentplansmustbeprotected,foreignsourcingpartnersmusthaveadequateinformationtoenablethemtoperformtospecifications.Iftheinformationissimplytoosensitivetoshare,thatmaybeanargumentformakingthe“make”decisionratherthan“buy”inconsideringoutsourcingattheoutset.

【答案】

当涉及到专有信息时,请谨记:保密协议可作为个人规范的一部分,并可基于协议的遵守情况评估公司。尽管关键技术和产品研发计划必须受到保护,但是国外的采购合作商也必须拥有足够的信息才能按照规格操作。如果这些信息太敏感而无法共享,这可能说明,在开始考虑外包时,需做出“制造”而不是“购买”的决定。

12.单选题

Themonopoly-capitalistgroup()manysmallerenterpriseslastyear.

问题1选项

A.integrated

B.merged

C.undertake

D.collected

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项integrated“整合”;B选项merged“合并,融合,兼并”;C选项undertake“承担,担保”;D选项collected“收集,收藏”。句意:这家垄断资本集团去年_____了许多较小的企业。这里表达是这个垄断公司去兼并别的小公司,因此B选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Theglasswareintheboxis();ithasgottobehandledwithcare.

问题1选项

A.crunchy

B.fragile

C.brittle

D.crisp

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项crunchy“易碎的,发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”,通常有响声的时候用,例如:Theleavescrunchedundermyfeet.(树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。)B选项fragile“脆的,易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西,也引申为体弱的,虚弱的,例如:Becarefulwiththatvase–itisveryfragile.(拿那只花瓶要小心——它很容易碎。),He’sfeelingabitfragileafterlastnight'sparty.(他参加了昨晚的聚会以后,现在感觉有些虚弱。)C选项brittle“易碎的,脆弱的,易生气的”,指没有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料,暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎,例如:Asyougetolderyourbonesbecomeincreasinglybrittle.(随着年龄增长,人的骨头变得越来越脆。)D选项crisp“脆的,新鲜的,易碎的”,指食物炸的很酥脆,例如:Bakeuntilthepastryisgoldenandcrisp.(把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。)句意:箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎,需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知,B选项符合句意。

14.单选题

AttemptstousesophisticatedIT-basedsystemstohelptosolvetheproblemoftenseemmerelyto________it.

问题1选项

A.aggravate

B.deviate

C.emphasize

D.simplify

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.aggravate加重,使恶化B.deviate偏离,违背

C.emphasize强调,着重D.simplify简化,使简易

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】本句主语为“试图(Attempts)使用基于信息技术的复杂系统”,使用这种系统的目的为“来帮助解决问题(solvetheproblem)”。空格处与下文的it构成动宾逻辑,it指代的是“problem(问题)”,表示这种尝试会对问题的解决造成什么结果。“merely(只是,只不过)”说明使用复杂系统并不能帮助解决问题,可进一步推断出反而会导致问题加重。aggravate指使糟糕或不愉快的情况恶化,因此A选项aggravate“加重,使恶化”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项deviate“偏离,违背”指以不同于通常或预期的方式做某事,题干说的是“使问题恶化”,而不是“偏离原来的做法”;

C选项emphasize“强调,着重”指表示某事特别重要或特别引人注目,不能和“解决问题(solvetheproblem)”相对应;

D选项simplify“简化,使简易”指使某事更容易做或简单易懂,与题干语义相矛盾,应该是“更严重”而不是“更简单”。

【句意】使用基于信息技术的复杂系统来帮助解决问题的尝试,往往似乎只会使问题恶化。

15.单选题

Shedecidedto()herstudiesafterobtainingherfirstdegree.

问题1选项

A.recognize

B.pursue

C.accomplish

D.ensure

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在取得她的第一个学位后,她决定继续她的学业。

考查动词辨析。recognize识别,承认;pursue继续,从事,追赶;accomplish完成,实现,达到;ensure保证,确保,使安全。因此B符合句意。

16.翻译题

研究人员称,远程办公等弹性工作模式有益于身体健康。研究人员发现,如果人们有条件在家工作,压缩工作周的时间,那他们就可以选择更为健康的生活方式,锻炼身体的机会增多,睡眠也会更好。

可能弹性工作模式让人们能有更充裕的时间来实现健康的生活方式,或者是它让人们能更好的安排自己的时间。弹性工作制最初是为了帮助人们(尤其是女性)同时兼顾工作和家庭,但有关证据表明这显然不仅仅是女性的问题。

研究人员对一家大型医药公司职员的“健康风险评估”进行了分析,职员涉及仓储,生产和管理等多个不同的岗位。

一名研究人员说:“这不仅仅针对管理层,而是涉及到公司各个岗位的员工。”他说,该研究能让卫生部门和相关机构认识到,给员工更多的自由其实能带来很多益处。但他也说,要评估弹性工作制的长期益处还需要开展进一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

17.单选题

Withscholarsfrom24countries(

)theconference,thecommitteehadagreatdealofworktodo.

问题1选项

A.attend

B.attended

C.attending

D.toattend

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查的是非谓语动词。with+名词+分词,表示原因或者伴随条件,scholars和动词attend是主动关系,故正确答案选C。句意为:有来自24个国家的学者参加了会议,组委会有很多工作要做。

18.单选题

Wefinally()themusiciantoentertaininsteadoftheabsentspeaker.

问题1选项

A.descendedupon

B.prevailedupon

C.weighedupon

D.lookeddownupon

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析题。descendedupon突然降临、袭击;prevailedupon说服;weighedupon压于、使沉重;lookeddownupon看不起。句意:我们最后说服了那位音乐家来代替那位缺席的演讲者。选项B符合句意。

19.单选题

Whenpeoplearehappy,theytendtogive(

)interpretationsofeventstheywitness:theeyeofthebeholderiscoloredbytheemotionsofthebeholder.

问题1选项

A.charitable

B.elaborate

C.conscientious

D.coherent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义。charitable“慷慨的;仁慈的”;elaborate“精心制作的;详尽的”;conscientious“认真的;小心谨慎的”;coherent“一致的”。句意:人在快乐时倾向于对自己所见的事情给出仁慈的解释,即旁观者的观点被自身的情绪所影响。由theeyeofthebeholderiscoloredbytheemotionsofthebeholder可知A项符合题意。

20.单选题

Itmakesmesicktothinkofhishighly______manners.

问题1选项

A.artistic

B.artful

C.artless

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项artistic“艺术的、有美感的”;B项artful“巧妙的、狡猾的”;C项artless“天真的、朴实的”;D项artificial“人造的、仿造的、虚伪的”;句意:我一想到他那矫揉造作的举止就觉得恶心。因此该题D项正确。

21.单选题

Ijustlearntfrom’'InterculturalEducation"coursethatanEnglishmanseldom()aconversationamongstrangers.

问题1选项

A.breaksdown

B.givesriseto

C.initiates

D.resumes

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词和词组。A选项breakdown表示“分解,发生故障”,B选项giveriseto表示“使发生,引起”,C选项initiates表示“启动,开始”,D选项resume表示“重新开始,重新回到,重新占用”。由句意可知,我刚从“跨文化教育”课程中了解到,英国人很少与陌生人对话。空缺处单词需与conversation构成动宾短语,表示“发起会话”,因此只有initiate最符合语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。

22.单选题

Atapressconferenceaftertheawardceremonythe18-year-oldgirlspokeinabarely()voice.

问题1选项

A.audible

B.optional

C.legible

D.identical

【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。audible可听得见的;optional可选择的,随意的;legible字迹清楚的,易读的;identical相同的,完全一样的。句意:在颁奖典礼后的新闻发布会上,这位18岁的女孩用几乎听不见的声音说话。选项A符合句意。

23.单选题

Bytoday’sstandards,earlyfarmerswereimprudentbecausetheyplantedthesamecroprepeatedly,exhaustingthesoilafterafewharvests.

问题1选项

A.unwise

B.stubborn

C.tiresome

D.unscientific

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项unwise“不明智的,愚蠢的,轻率的”,B项stubborn“顽固的,顽强的”,C项tiresome“烦人的,无聊的”,D项unscientific“不科学的,不符合科学原理的”。句意:按照今天的标准,早期的农民是轻率的,因为他们重复种植同一种作物,几次收获后就耗尽了土壤。根据句意可知,imprudent在句中表示“轻率的”。因此,该题选择A项。

24.不定项选择题

ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated(61)anongoingstruggleagainst(62)andindifferenceonthepartoftheAmericanmainstream,andastruggle(63)asanupwardmovementis(64)towardevermorejusticeandopportunity.

Technologyinandof(65)isnotatfault;it’smuchtoosimpletosaythatgunpowderoragriculturalmachineryorfiberoptics(66)beentheenemyofan(67)groupofpeople.Acertainmachineisput(68)workinacertainwaythepurpose(69)whichitwasdesigned.Thepeoplewhodesignthemachinesarenotintentonunleashingchaos;theyareusuallytryingto(70)ataskmorequickly,cleanly,orcheaply,(71)theimperativeofinnovationandefficiencythathasruledWesterncivilization(72)theRenaissance.

Masteryoftechnologyissecondonly(73)moneyasthetruemeasureofaccomplishmentinthiscountry,anditisverylikelythatby(74)thisunder-representationinthetechnologicalrealm,andbynotquestioningandexaminingthefolkwaysthathave(75)it,blacksareallowing(76)tobekeptoutofthemainstreamonceagain.Thistime,however,theywillbe(77)fromthegreatestcashengineofthetwenty-firstcentury.Inner-cityblacksinparticularareindanger,andthebeautifulsuburbs(78)ringthedecayofHartford,shedthepastandlearntoexistwithoutcontemplatingorencounteringthetragedyoftheinnercity.

Andblacksmustchangeaswell.Thewaysthat(79)theirancestorsthroughcaptivityandcomingtofreedomhavebeguntolosetheirutility.Ifblacks(80)tosurviveasfullparticipantsinthissociety,theyhavetounderstandwhatworksnow.

问题1选项

A.like

B.as

C.for

D.with

问题2选项

A.charity

B.clarity

C.cohesion

D.oppression

问题3选项

A.charting

B.charts

C.charted

D.tochart

问题4选项

A.progressing

B.progressed

C.clutched

D.clutching

问题5选项

A.itself

B.themselves

C.ourselves

D.himself

问题6选项

A.have

B.tohave

C.has

D.tohas

问题7选项

A.entirely

B.enter

C.entire

D.entrance

问题8选项

A.for

B.off

C.on

D.at

问题9选项

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.before

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