考研考博-英语-四川国际标榜职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川国际标榜职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Speakersandlistenersareoftenatodds:languagethatiseasyforthereceivertounderstandisoftendifficulttoproduce,andthatwhichiseasilyformulatedcanbehardto（）.

问题1选项

A.comprehend

B.ignore

C.confirm

D.defend

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。comprehend理解，包含；ignore忽视，不理睬confirm确认，确定；defend辩护。由前半句可知说话者与接受者之间存在矛盾，故后面可推知这两者之间还存在另一种矛盾，即容易表达的话却难以理解。故A项正确。句意：说话者和倾听者常常意见不一致:容易让接受者理解的语言往往很难产生，而容易表达的语言却很难理解。

2.单选题

Haveyouafunny（）orunusualexperiencethatyouwouldliketoshare?

问题1选项

A.amusement

B.incident

C.accident

D.section

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你有想分享的有趣事情或不同寻常的经历吗？

考查名词辨析。amusement娱乐，快乐；incident事件；accident意外事故；section部分，地区。因此B符合句意。

3.单选题

Thesevariedracialgroupshavelearnedtolivetogetherinpeaceand（

），settinganexamplewellworthfollowing.

问题1选项

A.harmony

B.grace

C.rhythm

D.relief

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。harmony和睦，融洽；grace优雅；rhythm节奏，韵律；relief救济，减轻；peaceandharmony和谐和平，是固定搭配。句意：这些不同的种族群体已学会和平共处地生活在一起，树立了值得学习的榜样。答案A

4.单选题

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

问题1选项

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项comeoff“成功，实现”；B选项gooff“离开，变质”；C选项bringout“出版，生产”；D选项makeout“辨认出，理解”。根据句意：在深谷里建发电站是个大胆的想法，但结果与我们原来所希望的一样。也就说，这个想法得到实现，所以选项A符合语境。

5.单选题

Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.

问题1选项

A.conceive

B.clutch

C.cherish

D.contrive

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。conceive“构思，怀孕，考虑”；clutch“紧握，抓住”；cherish“珍惜”；contrive“设计，发明，图谋”。

句意：在未来的很多年里我们都会珍惜这个美好的时刻。选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Manycriticsagreedthatbyandlarge,thismoviewasasuccessintermsofactingandphotography.

问题1选项

A.allatonce

B.byandby

C.tosomeextent

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】短语辨析。句意:评论家认为从总体上来说，这部电影在表演与摄影方面都表现得很出色。

allatonce突然，忽然。byandby不久以后。tosomeextent在一定程度上，在某种程度上。onthewhole总的来说，大体上。byandlarge大体上，总的来说。故选D。

7.单选题

ThegeologyoftheEarth’ssurfaceisdominatedbytheparticularpropertiesofwater.PresentonEarthinsolid,liquid,andgaseousstates,waterisexceptionallyreactive.Itdissolves,transports,andprecipitatesmanychemicalcompoundsandisconstantlymodifyingthefaceoftheEarth.

Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds,someofwhicharetransportedbywindoverthecontinents.Condensationfromthecloudsprovidestheessentialagentofcontinentalerosion:rain.Precipitatedontotheground,thewatertricklesdowntoformbrooks,streams,andrivers,constitutingwhatiscalledthehydrographicnetwork.Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean.Gravitydominatesthisentirestepinthecyclebecausewatertendstominimizeitspotentialenergybyrunningfromhighaltitudestowardthereferencepointthatissealevel.

Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs.Ifwedefineresidencetimeastheaveragetimeforawatermoleculetopassthroughoneofthethreereservoirs—atmosphere,continent,andocean—weseethatthetimesareverydifferent.Awatermoleculestays,onaverage,elevendaysintheatmosphere,onehundredyearsonacontinentandfortythousandyearsintheocean.Thislastfigureshowstheimportanceoftheoceanastheprincipalreservoirofthehydrospherebutalsotherapidityofwatertransportonthecontinents.

Avastchemicalseparationprocesstakesplacesduringtheflowofwateroverthecontinents.Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported.Insolubleionssuchasaluminum,iron,andsiliconstaywheretheyareandformthethin,fertileskinofsoilonwhichvegetationcangrow.Sometimessoilsaredestroyedandtransportedmechanicallyduringflooding.Theerosionofthecontinentsthusresultsfromtwocloselylinkedandinterdependentprocesses,chemicalerosionandmechanicalerosion.Theirrespectiveinteractionsandefficiencydependondifferentfactors.

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater（）.

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto（）.

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.precipitatingontotheground

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstate

C.evaporatingfromtheoceans

D.beingcarriedbywind

问题2选项

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwater

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyflooding

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceans

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandrivers

问题3选项

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.

问题4选项

A.magnesium

B.iron

C.potassium

D.calcium.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater______.1.根据这篇文章，云主要由水______而形成。

A.precipitatingontothegroundA.沉淀到地面上

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstateB.从固态变为液态

C.evaporatingfromtheoceansC.从海洋中蒸发

D.beingcarriedbywindD.被风携带

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】从第二段第一句“水蒸气从海洋蒸发后形成云（Evaporatedfromtheoceans），其中一些被风吹过大陆”理解可知，云主要是由水蒸气从海洋蒸发而形成的，C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“沉淀到地面上”和B项“从固态变为液态”形成的是小溪和河流等，属于张冠李戴；

D项“被风携带”，根据解题思路可知，被风携带的是云，并不是水，属于曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto______.2.这篇文章表明，水文网络的目的是______。

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwaterA.确定水分子的大小

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyfloodingB.防止洪水造成的土壤侵蚀

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceansC.将水从地球表面输送到海洋

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandriversD.调节小溪和河流的水流速率

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词hydrographicnetwork定位至第二段第三和第四句“水沉淀到地面上，涓滴而下形成小溪和河流，构成了所谓的水文网络。这个巨大的极化网络把水引向一个容器：海洋。”，综合理解可知，水文网络的目的是将水输送到海洋里面去，C项符合原文，因此正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“确定水分子的大小”、B项“防止洪水造成的土壤侵蚀”和D项“调节小溪和河流的水流速率”在原文没有提及，属于无中生有。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?3.如第三段所讨论的，是什么决定了水分子在循环中移动的速率？

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.A.水中所含的势能。

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.B.大气压力对化合物的影响。

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.C.降落在各大洲的降雨量。

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.D.蓄水面积的相对大小。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章第三段，根据第一句“水分子通过循环的速率不是随机的，而是能测出各个蓄水区的相对大小”，以及倒数第二句“一个水分子在大气中平均停留11天，在大陆上停留100年，在海洋中停留4万年”，综合理解可知，水分子循环的速率是取决于蓄水区的相对大小，所以D项“蓄水面积的相对大小”符合原文。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“水中所含的势能”与重力有关，和题干无关，属于张冠李戴；

B项“大气压力对化合物的影响”和C项“降落在各大洲的降雨量”原文未提及，属于无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT______.4.除了______，以下都是可溶性离子的例子。

A.magnesiumA.镁

B.ironB.铁

C.potassiumC.钾

D.calciumD.钙

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词solubleions定位至第四段第三句“不溶性离子如铝、铁和硅留在原地……”可知，B项“铁”为不溶性离子，不符合题干。因此，该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A项“镁”、C项“钾”和D项“钙”根据第四段第二句“可溶性离子如钙、钠、钾和一些镁被溶解和运输”可知，这三项都符合原文，属于反向干扰。

8.单选题

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordtablefollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthetableisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthetablemorethanonce.

Itis3a.m.everythingontheuniversitycampusseemsghostlikeinthequietanddarkness—everythingexceptthecomputercenter.Here,twentystudentsrumpledandbleary-eyed,tappingawayonthe（1）keys.Witheyesgluedtothevideoscreen,theytaponforhours.Fortherestoftheworld,itmightbethemiddleofthenight,butheretimedoesnotexist.Thisisaworlduntoitself.Theseyoungcomputer“hackers”are（2）akindofcompulsion,adrivesoconsumingitovershadowsnearlyeveryotherpartoftheirlivesandformsthefocalpointoftheirexistence.Theyare（3）computerprogrammers.Someofthesestudentshavebeenattheconsoleforthirtyhoursormorewithoutabreakformealsorsleep.Somehave（4）onsofasandloungechairsinthecomputercenter,tryingtocatchamomentsleepbutdon’twanttogettoofarawayfromtheirbelovedmachines.Mostofthesestudentsdon’thavetobeatthecomputercenterinthemiddleofthenight.Theyaren’tworkingonassignments.Theyaretherebecausetheywanttobe—theyareirresistibly（5）there.

Andtheyarenotalone.Thereare（6）atcomputercentersallacrossthecountry.Intheirextremeform,theyfocusonnothingelse.Theyflunkoutofschoolandlosecontactwithfriends;theymighthavedifficultyfindingjobs,choosinginsteadtowanderfromonecomputercentertoanother.

“Irememberonehacker.We（7）hadtocarryhimoffhischairtofeedhimandputhimtosleep.Wereallyfearedforhishealth,”saysacomputerscienceprofessoratMIT.

Computerscienceteachersarenowmore（8）oftheimplicationsofthishackerphenomenonandareonthelookoutforpotentialhackersandcasesofcomputer（9）thatarealreadysevere.Theyknowthatthe（10）ofthehackersisnotjustthestoryofoneperson'srelationshipwithamachine.Itisthestoryofasociety’srelationshiptotheso-calledthinkingmachineswhicharebecomingalmosteverywhere.

问题1选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题2选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题3选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题4选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题5选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题6选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题7选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题8选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题9选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

问题10选项

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

【答案】第1题:I

第2题:M

第3题:C

第4题:E

第5题:J

第6题:A

第7题:G

第8题:N

第9题:L

第10题:O

【解析】1.考查句意理解。根据句意“在这里（电脑中心），20名学生皱着眉头，睡眼惺忪，不停地敲着（）键盘。”由此可推断出，这里指的是电脑键盘，所以I选项正确。

2.考查句意理解。根据句意“这些年轻的电脑‘黑客’正在（）一种冲动，这种冲动如此强烈，以至于掩盖了他们生活的几乎所有其他部分，形成了他们存在的焦点。”由此可知，填空处应填入动词，M选项pursuing“追求”代入符合句意。

3.考查句意理解。分析句子可知，填空处应填入的是一个形容词来修饰computerprogrammers；根据下文“其中一些学生已经在控制台前呆了30多个小时，没有吃饭或睡觉。”可推断出，这些人他们的行为是强制性的，所以本题选C。

4.考查句意理解。根据句意可知，这里是说“有些人在电脑中心的沙发和躺椅上睡着了。”所以选项E正确。

5.考查句意理解。根据破折号前面的句意“他们在那里是因为他们想要….”，可知，这里应该是指“他们被不可抗拒地吸引到那里”，所以选项J符合句意。

6.考查句意理解。根据句意“而且他们并不孤单。这里有来自于全国各地计算机中心的黑客。”选项A符合句意。

7.考查句子结构和句意理解。分析句子结构可知，句子成分和句意表达完整，由此可知，填空处应填入的是一个副词，只有选项G属于副词，所以正确。

8.考查固定搭配。根据句意“计算机科学教师们现在更加（）这种黑客现象的影响…”beawareof意为“意识到”，选项N符合句意。

9.考查句意理解。根据句意“计算机科学教师现在更加意识到这种黑客现象的影响，并且密切关注那些潜在的黑客和已经对计算机严重上瘾的事例。”computeraddiction意为“对计算机上瘾的”，选项L符合句意。

10.考查句意理解。根据句意“他们知道，黑客事件不只是一个人与一台机器的关系。”选项O符合句意。

9.单选题

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

问题1选项

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B选项putinfor“申请”；C选项putoutto“拿出去”；D选项putinon没有此搭配。句意：我听说你打算在老板退休后申请（接替）她的职位。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguage,heshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange—attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.Ourlanguagehasalwaysbeenalivinggrowingorganism,ithasneverbeenstatic.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuchastudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.Atoneextremeithasbeenthepropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirliving,muchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthosewhohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitsomepermanence,order,dignity,andifpossible,alittlebeauty.

Asweconsiderourchanginglanguage,weshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportancetous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-Saxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevicesforshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentence.Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)wasalanguageofmanyinflections.ModernEnglishhasfewinfections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthattheolderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,arewordssuchasprepositions,conjunctions,andafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords,afewinflections,however,havesurvived.Andwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordorder,theremaybetroublefortheusersofthelanguage,asweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmattersasWHoorWHOmandMeorI.Thesecondfactwemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchanges,ourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.

1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguists,modernlinguiststendto_____.

2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword“inflection”usedinparagraph2.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablya(an)_____.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.attempttocontinuethestandardizationofthelanguage

B.evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatterns

C.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguagethanitsanalysisorhistory

D.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguageusage

问题2选项

A.changesintheformsofwords.

B.changesinsentencestructures.

C.changesinspellingrules.

D.wordsthathavesimilarmeanings.

问题3选项

A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningofthemodernEnglishlanguage.

B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageatsomestagesofitsdevelopment.

C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchange.

D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.

问题4选项

A.historian

B.philosopher

C.anthropologist

D.linguist

问题5选项

A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.

B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguage.

C.Ourchanginglanguage.

D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.根据第二段的最后一句“...,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.”直到现在，人们才有一种强烈的趋势，那就是重新研究和评价语言实践中人们说话和写作的方式。由此可知，现代语言学家根据人们说话和写作的方式而不是标准或者模式来评估语言实践。选项B符合原文。

2.根据第二段的倒数第三句“Andwhensomewordinflections...suchmattersasWHoorWHOmandMeorI.”可知“inflection”其意为“单词变形”，选项A正确。

3.根据第一段的一二三四句“Wroupbutofmany.”可知选项A，C，D正确。选项B其他语言对英语的重大影响在本文中并未提及。

4.本文主要是讲英语语言的变化与发展,由此推断作者应该为语言学家。

5.本文主要是讲英语语言的变化与发展,并不是讲述英语历史，所以A项错误；选项B和D只是文章的片段，不够全面，所以本题选项C正确。

11.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassageandthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChinese.

Storiesabouttheproblemsoftourismhavebecomelegioninthelastfewyears.Yetitdoesnothavetobeaproblem.

Althoughtourisminevitablyaffectstheregioninwhichittakesplace,thecoststothesefragileenvironmentsandtheirlocalculturesashashappenedwiththeSperpasofNepal’sKhumbuValleyandinsomeAlpinevillages.Andagrowingnumberofadventuretourismoperatorsaretryingtoensurethattheiractivitiesbenefitthelocalpopulationandenvironmentoverthelongterm.

IntheSwissAlpscommunitieshavedecidedthattheirfuturedependsonintegratingtourismmoreeffectivelywiththelocaleconomy.LocalconcernabouttherisingnumberofsecondhomedevelopmentintheSwissPaysd’Enhautresultedinlimitsbeingimposedontheirgrowth.Therehasalsobeenarenaissanceincommunalcheeseproductioninthearea,providingthelocalswithareliablesourceofincomethatdoesnotdependonoutsidevisitors.

ManyoftheArctictouristdestinationshavebeenexploitedbyoutsidecompanies,whoemploytransientworkersandrepatriatemostoftheprofitstotheirhomebase.ButsomeArcticcommunitiesarenowoperatingtourbusinessesthemselves,therebyensuringthatthebenefitsaccruelocally.Forinstance,anativecorporationinAlaska,employinglocalpeople,isrunninganairtourfromAnchoragetoKotzebue,wheretouristseatArcticfood,walkonthetundraandwatchlocalmusiciansanddancers.

NativepeopleinthedesertregionsoftheAmericanSouthwesthavefollowedsimilarstrategies,encouragingtouriststovisittheirpueblosandreservationstopurchasehigh-qualityhandicraftsandartwork.TheAcomaandSanIldefonsopuebloshaveestablishedhighlyprofitablepotterybusinesses,whiletheNavajoandHopigroupshavebeensimilarlysuccessfulwithjewelry.

Toomanypeoplelivinginfragileenvironmentshavelostcontrolovertheireconomies,theircultureandtheirenvironmentwhentourismhaspenetratedtheirhomelands.Merelyrestrictingtourismcannotbethesolutiontotheimbalance,becausepeople’sdesiretoseenewplaceswillnotjustdisappear.Instead,communitiesinfragileenvironmentsmustachievegreatercontrolovertourismventuresintheirregionsinordertobalancetheirneedsandaspirationswiththedemandsoftourism.Agrowingnumberofcommunitiesaredemonstratingthat,withfirmcommunaldecision-making,thisispossible.Thecriticalquestionnowiswhetherthiscanbecomethenorm,ratherthantheexception.

【答案】在过去的几年里，有关旅游业问题的报道层出不穷。然而，这并不一定是一个问题。

在瑞士阿尔卑斯地区的社区已经明确，他们的未来取决于更有效地将旅游业与当地经济结合起来。

该地区的公共奶酪生产也出现了复兴，为当地人提供了不依赖外来游客的可靠收入来源。

仅仅限制旅游业不能解决这种不平衡，因为人们对新地方观光的渴望不会消失。

现在问题的关键是，这能否成为常态，而不是例外。

12.翻译题

环境与我们的生存息息相关。越来越严重的环境污染影响了我们的生活，我们理当应该更加重视环境保护问题。

近年来，由于车辆和工厂不断增加，空气和生活品质也不断恶化。此外，许多人缺乏公德心，乱丢垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，农民大量使用化学药物使食物中毒事件一再发生。长此下去，我们将呼吸不到新鲜的空气，喝不到纯净的水，吃不到营养的食物了。

正因为问题很严重，环境污染受到了各个国家政府的关注。就拿中国政府为例，2001年，全国环境污染治理投资为1106.6亿元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也会公开谈论政府对于环境污染的新举措。总的来说，环境污染加剧的情况得到了一些控制。

毕竟，我们只有一个地球可以居住，保护环境非常重要。我们主张严格控制环境以保护环境。同时，不仅仅是政府，每一个人，不管你住在哪里，都应该尽力保护环境。以免其恶化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingnumberofcarsandfactories,thequalityofairandlivingisworsening.Inaddition,lackingofsocialmorality,somepeoplelitterrubbishatwill,whichcontaminateslakesandrivers.What’sworse,farmer’soverusingchemicaldrugsleadtorepeatedincidentsoffoodpoisoning.Ifthesituationgoesonlikethis,wewon’thavefreshairtobreathe,purewatertodrink,ornourishingfoodtoeat.

Differentgovernmentsattachgreatimportanceonenvironmentalpollutionduetotheseverityofthesituation.TakeChinesegovernmentasanexample,in2011,theinvestmentforenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentcometo110.66billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3percentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.Andpeopletalkedopenlyaboutthegovernment’snewmeasuresagainstenvironmentalpollution.Inshort,thetendencytoworseningenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencontrolled.

Afterall,thereisonlyoneearth.Itisveryimportanttoprotectenvironment.Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotectenvironment.Meanwhile,everyone,besidesthegovernment,nomatterwhereyouare,shouldtryone’sbesttopreventtheenvironmentfromdeteriorating.

13.翻译题

Springdisplaysthenoisy,oftenshallowmoodsofadolescence.Autumnmoodsarethoseofmaturity,deeperandmoreintense.Agravemist-softenedmorningofreflectionisfollowedwithinhoursbyaValkyrieworldofscreamingtwilightwhenelementalwindstearwitheredleavesfrombranches,rockandstriptheshiveringforestandraiserollingmountainsondarkseas.Thewindpassesandthebillowingcloudscondenseintorain,whichfallswithquietpersistence,fillingthehardened,cart-rutsincountrylanes,floodingstreamsoversoddenmeadowsandemulsifyingthefallenleaves.Bluepatcheswidenbetweenthesun-lined,cloudsandsoontheglossybaretwigsarebrilliantinrain-washedsunshine.

【答案】【参考译文】春天散布着嘈杂、浅淡的少年心情，秋天的心境是成熟、深沉而更为强烈