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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京物资学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题
Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesintheschemeproposed,but()Ithinkweshouldbenefitbyadoptingit.
问题1选项
A.inbalance
B.offbalance
C.onbalance
D.outofbalance
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定结构。inbalance“保持”;onbalance“总的来说”;outofbalance“失去平衡”。本句意为“总的来说,我认为采用它对我们有好处”,用“总的来说”顺承“提出的方案有优点也有缺点”。C选项符合题意。
2.单选题
Heacknowledgedthatthe_______offinancialsupportintheelectiontooklonghoursofpersuasion.
问题1选项
A.gestation
B.enlistment
C.establishment
D.temperance
【答案】B
【解析】gestation怀孕,酝酿;enlistment征募,获得;establishment确立,制定;temperance节欲,戒酒。句意:他承认在选举中获得财政支持需要长时间的劝说。选项B符合句意。
3.单选题
Whathesaidinthemeeting()everybodypresent.
问题1选项
A.disgusted
B.dismissed
C.disposed
D.disabled
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。disgust“使厌恶,使作呕”;dismiss“解散,解雇”;dispose“处理,处置”;disable“使失去能力”。句意:他在会议上说的话使在场的每个人都()。只有A项符合句意。
4.单选题
Asateenager,Iwas()byablindpassionforaslimstarIwouldnevermeetinmylife.
问题1选项
A.pursued
B.seduced
C.consumed
D.guaranteed
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。pursue“追求”;seduce“引诱”;consume“消费;使……着迷”;guarantee“担保”。句意:作为一个年轻人,我痴迷于这位在生命中从未见过的苗条的明星。选项C符合题意。
5.单选题
()formorethanfivetosevenminutes,thebrainwillbesubjectedtoirreversibledamage.
问题1选项
A.Oxygenoncedeprivedof
B.Oncedeprivedofoxygen
C.Deprivedofoxygenonce
D.Onceoxygendeprivedof
【答案】B
【解析】考查句子结构。该句的主语为thebrain。大脑与缺氧之间是被动的关系,即大脑如果被剥夺氧气(缺氧),故可省略主谓,用过去分词作状语。B项正确。句意:大脑一旦缺氧5-7分钟,那么它将会受到不可逆转的损害。
6.单选题
Hisopinionsarevery(
);hedoesnotwantthesituationtochangeverymuch.
问题1选项
A.conservative
B.flexible
C.sophisticated
D.radical
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。conservative“保守的”;flexible“灵活的,柔韧的,易弯曲的”;sophisticated“精致的,久经世故的”;radical“激进的,根本的”。句意:他的观点非常保守,他不想让形式快速改变。选项A符合题意。
7.单选题
Wecanbeginourdiscussionof“populationasglobalissue”withwhatmostpersonsmeanwhentheydiscuss“thepopulationproblem”:toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute.Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto“along,thinpowderfusethatburnssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes.”
Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory,wefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.
Thispatternisimportanttonotice.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.
Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflongslowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8,000BC.toapproximatelyAD.1650.Inthefirstperiodofsome9600years,thepopulationincreasedfromsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2000therewillbe6.2billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000BCand1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld’spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.
11.Whichofthefollowingdemographicgrowthpatternismostsuitableforthelongthinpowderfuseanalogy?
12.Duringthefirstperiodofdemographichistory,societieswereoftenindangerofextinctionbecause_____.
13.Whichstatementistrueaboutpopulationincrease?
14.Theauthorofthepassageintendsto_____.
15.Theword“demographic”inthefirstparagraphmeans_____.
问题1选项
A.Avirtuallystableorslightlydecreasingperiodandthenasuddenexplosionofpopulation.
B.Aslowgrowthforalongtimeandthenaperiodofrapid,dramaticincrease.
C.Toomanypeopleonearthandafewrapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.
D.Alongperiodwhendeathratesexceedsbirthratesandthenashortperiodwithhigherfertilityandlowermortality.
问题2选项
A.onlyoneintenpersonscouldlivepast40
B.therewashighermortalitythanfertilityinmostplaces
C.itwastoodangeroustohavebabiesduetothepoorconditions
D.ourancestorshadlittleenthusiasmformorechildren
问题3选项
A.Theremightbeanincreaseof2.2billionpersonsfromnowtotheyear2000.
B.About50,000babiesareborneverysixhoursatpresent.
C.Between8000BCandthepresent,thepopulationincreaseisabout80,000,000personseachyear.
D.Thepopulationincreasedfasterbetween8000BCand1650thanbetween1650andthepresent.
问题4选项
A.warnpeopleagainstthepopulationexplosioninthenearfuture.
B.comparethedemographicgrowthpatterninthepastwiththatafter1650.
C.findoutthecauseforrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyears.
D.presentusaclearandcompletepictureofthedemographicgrowth.
问题5选项
A.statisticsofhuman
B.surroundingsstudy
C.accumulationofhuman
D.developmentofhuman
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:A
第4题:A
第5题:A
【解析】11.推理判断题,第一段如此描述“thelong,thinpowderfuse(细长的火药引线)”:...burnssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes,“它一直断断续续地燃烧,直到最后爆发”。第二段中说到人类在以前的时期增长并不高,有时出生率还低于死亡率,到了近期才出现快速增长,对应A选项“一段几乎稳定或略微减少的时期,然后人口突然暴增”;
B选项“一段很长时间的缓慢增长,然后是一段快速、戏剧性的增长时期”,见正确选项解析,这里属于反向干扰;
C选项“地球上的人太多了,而且数量每年都在迅速增加”,见正确选项解析,few和rapid是反义词,所以不选,这里属于偷换概念;
D选项“在很长一段时间内,死亡率超过出生率,然后在很短一段时间内,生育率较高,死亡率较低”,见正确选项解析,出生率超过死亡率属于反向干扰。
12.事实细节题,定位到第二段倒数第二句话Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.“通常,社会处于明显的灭绝危险之中,因为死亡率可能超过出生率”,从这里可以看出答案选B“在大多数地方,死亡率高于生育率”;
A选项“只有十分之一的人能活过40岁”,定位到第二段倒数第三句话Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.“在人类历史的大部分时间里,很少有十分之一的人能活过40岁,而婴儿期和儿童期是特别危险的时期”,从这里可以知道A选项表述正确,但是这不是社会处于危险中的原因,这里属于出处错误;
C选项“由于条件恶劣,生孩子太危险了”,定位到文章第三段最后一句话butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.“而是传统上造成高死亡率的条件的改善”,这里只是说条件提高了,没说是因为以前生孩子很危险。这里属于无中生有;
D选项“我们的祖先对多生孩子没有什么热情”,定位到第二段倒数第四句话Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.“大多数地方的生育率都很高,但这通常与高死亡率相平衡”,从这里可知我们的祖先不是没有热情生孩子而是因为死亡率也高导致人口增长低,这里属于反向干扰。
13.事实细节题,定位到第四段三四句andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2000therewillbe6.2billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.“现在,人口已经从5亿增长到40多亿。据估计,到2000年,全世界将有62亿人”,从这里可知A选项“从现在到2000年,人口可能会增加22亿”正确;
B选项“目前每六个小时大约有50000个婴儿出生”,定位到第四段倒数第二三句Between8000BCand1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld'spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.“在公元前8000年到1650年间,世界人口每年平均只增加5万人。目前,这个数字每六个小时加一次”,人口增长的数量是出生人口减去死亡人口,所以根据文章说法每六个小时增加5万人的话,婴儿的出生数应该大于5万,B选项属于偷换概念;
C选项“从公元前8000年到现在,人口每年增长约8000万人”,定位到最后一段最后一句话Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.“每年增加约8000万人”由此可知C选项错误,这是现在的人口增长数不是从公元前8000年到现在的人口增长的年均增长数,这里属于张冠李戴;
D选项“公元前8000年到1650年之间人口增长比1650年到现在更快”,结合B、C选项分析,D选项错误,是1650到现在的人口增长速度比公元前8000年到1650年的速度要快,这里属于反向干扰。
14.主旨大意题,第一步,寻找文章话题导入,文章开门见山以人口问题为导入,第二步,关注首尾两段核心句,首段定位到最后一句Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto“along,thinpowderfusethatburnssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes.”“将人口增长比作‘一根细长的导火索,稳定而断断续续地燃烧,直到它最终引爆并爆炸’,这是非常正确的”,把人口增长比作炸弹;末段则是提出Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods“人口历史可以分为两个主要时期”,历史的人口增长主要分为两个阶段。第三步,分析文章的行文结构,文章的结构是总分总,第一段讲述的是把人口增长比作炸弹,然后文章由此展开,第二段是解释为什么要这么作比喻,第三段讲述过去的人口增长曲线对现在人口快速增长有什么暗示,第四段就是对现在人口增长的总结和未来作出预估。文章定位到第四段第三四句话Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2000therewillbe6.2billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.从这里可以看出,作者是在提醒人们人口增长的速度越来越快,暗含着对人们的警示意义,所以答案选A选项“警告人们不要在不久的将来发生人口爆炸”;
B选项“比较过去和1650年后的人口增长模式”,文章虽然有提及,但是这是事实,不是作者写这篇文章的目的,这里属于出处错误;
C选项“找出近年来人口快速增长的原因”,文章在第三段已经说出了人口快速增长的原因,那就是医疗水平的增加,这里不是作者意图,这里也属于出处错位;
D选项“向我们展示人口增长的清晰和完整的画面”,文章虽然有提及,但这里题干的要求是作者的意图,这里属于出处错位。
15.词汇推断题,第一步,定位到句中前后信息的衔接,即第一段最后一句话Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto“along,thinpowderfusethatburnssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes”“将()增长比作‘一根细长的导火索,稳定地、断断续续地燃烧,直到它最终引爆并爆炸’,这是非常正确的”,第二步,篇章主旨,根据第14题可知,文章的主旨是在讲人口的增长,文章的出现的最多的是在不同阶段的人口数据,而第一段第二句话是文章的主旨句,由此可以推测答案选A选项“关于人口的统计”;
B选项“环境研究”,从文章主旨上可以看出,全文都是在描述与人口增长的特征,所以排除B选项,这里属于无中生有;
C选项“人类积累”文章没有谈到人类的积累,这里属于无中生有;
D选项“人类的发展,”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有。
8.单选题
Ananonymousletter_______policetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.
问题1选项
A.imposed
B.alerted
C.warned
D.informed
【答案】B
【解析】【选项释义】
A.imposed使(别人)接受自己的意见B.alerted向……报警,使警惕,使戒备(警告某人危险或紧急情况)
C.warned提醒注意(可能发生的事),使警惕(以便于避免某事,尤指可能发生的危险或不愉快的事情)D.informed知会,通知(尤指以官方的方式告诉某人某事)
【答案】B
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】横线处和police构成动宾搭配关系,指的是有人匿名向警察报警,说可能会有人袭击机场,alerted符合语境,因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合语境。
【句意】一封匿名信提醒警方注意机场可能会发生恐怖袭击。
9.单选题
Ihopethatourmanagerwill______theproblemsattheirroots.
问题1选项
A.trickle
B.tackle
C.shackle
D.cope
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。A项trickle“滴,细细地流”,B项tackle“处理(难题或局面)”,C项shackle“束缚”,D项cope“处理,对付”。根据关键词manager“经理”和problem“问题”可知,空白部分填入“处理”符合句意,A、C选项可排除;D选项是不及物动词,后面跟宾语需要用介词with,所以只有B项符合题干。句意:我希望我们的经理能从根本上解决这些问题。因此,该题选择B项正确。
10.单选题
AftertheBostonMarathonbombings,theprocessbywhichbreakingnewsandinformationaregeneratedanddisseminatedlookedmoreraggedandexposedthanever:CNNstumbled,theNewYorkPostpaintedatargetonahigh-schooltrackathlete;Redditlaunchedafailedhuntforthebombers;andthenameofSunilTripathi,amissingBrownstudent,trendedonTwitterforallthewrongreasons.
Theissue,inpart,isvelocity:newshasnevermovedfasterthanitdoesnow,andfeweventsofthepastseveralyearshavecapturedAmerica’sattentionliketheBostonbombings.Everynewbitofinformationwasinstantly,indiscriminatelysuckedintothemediavacuum.Ifthereisamediumofthismoment,itisTwitter.
Twitter'sintrinsic,relentlessdrivingofthenewmakesitthequintessentialmediumofbreakingnews,particularlycombinedwithitscapacityforspreadingthatnewswithbreathtakingease.Byclicking"retweet,’youcanre-broadcastatweetfromsomebodytoallofyourfollowers.Atweet,andtheinformationitcontains,cangoviralinseconds.Socanmisinformation,ascountlesscelebritieskilledbyTwittercanattest.AndthemechanicsofTwitterofferonlyawkwardpartialsolutionstothatproblem.TheWiredwriterMatHonan,likemanyothers,re-blastedatweetreferringtoSunilTripathias"Suspect#2"intheBostonbombings.Thatinformationwasgravelywrong,but,asHonandescribes,therewaslittlehecoulddotopreventitfromself-perpetuating.
Deeplydisturbedbythisinabilitytocorrectviralmisinformation,HonanproposesthatTwittershouldhaveacorrectionmechanismthatallowsuserstoeditandrebroadcasttweetsaftertheyareposted.Theoriginaltweetwouldremainintactwithinthecorrectedtweet,soitwouldnotsimplyvanishintoahole;therewouldbeaccountability.ThisimpulsetoregulatetheinformationeconomyofTwitterandensurethatdataandnewsisascorrectaspossibleisunderstandable.ButitwouldruinTwitterasweknowit.
ForallofthewaysinwhichTwitterhasevolvedsinceitscreation,in2006,whenitwasknownas“twttr,”whathasnotchangedishowprofoundlyTwitterreliesonnowness.Nownessisnotsimplynewness,orthenew:thequestionTwitterusedtoaskofuserswhentheywenttocomposeatweet,“What’shappening?”isadirectinquiryaboutthestateofnow.Twitter’sintensefocusonimmediacyhasmanifestedinmanysmallways—forinstance,userscanonlyseetheirthreethousandmostrecenttweets(andtheserviceonlyrecentlyaddedtheabilityforuserstodownloadtheirentireTwitterarchiveandconductsearchesoftweetsfromthepast).But,mostimportant,whenauserlogsintoTwitter,whattheyseeisaraw,unfilteredstream,withthenewestcontentattheverytop.Facebook,bycontrast,showsusersacuratedfeed;thetopofthefeedisnotwhat'snew,itiswhatthealgorithmsthinkisbest.
Twitterasamediumissointentlyboundtothenowthatintroducingcontentnotofthismomentisdisruptive—it’sactuallysomethingofapranktoresurfacesomeone’stweetsfromthedistantpast,eitherbyretweetingorfavoritingthem.MyfriendandIdidthattoeachotheryesterday,retweetingaseriesofstufffromseveralmonthsago;theyarrivedinmyfeedandhers,rippedawayfromanysenseofcontext.Itfeltembarrassing.(Thisworks,thoughslightlylesspowerfully,onothersocialnetworksthatutilizestreamsandemphasizethepresent.)
Oneofthewayswe'relearningtodealwiththetrade-offsinherenttoreal-timestreamsisaburgeoningself-awarenessoftheirpotentialtospreadmisinformationinhalfaheartbeat.Amechanismthatpurportstomakethatstreammoreaccurate—eventhoughacorrectionsbuttonwouldnotfullypreventbadinformationfromspreading—wouldlullustowardamorecomplacent,lesscriticalviewofthatstream.AsNickKallen,aformersystemsengineeratTwitter,writes,"We'redealingwithanewmedium.Ithassomeaspectsofconversation,andsomeofbroadcast,someaspectsoflivetelevision,andsomeof(anedited)newspaper.Butitisnoneofthesethingsallatthesametime."
Twitterisnow,allthetime.
1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribetheessenceofTwitteraccordingtothetext?
2.Honan'spropositiononTwitterindicatesthat()
3.WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenTwitterandFacebookaccordingtothetext?
4.Whydoestheauthorsay"it’sactuallysomethingofapranktoresurfacesomeone’stweetsfromthedistantpast”?
5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesauthor’sopinion?
问题1选项
A.Findingfriendsandestablishingrelationship.
B.Spreadingnewsrelentlessintheeasiestway.
C.Makingrumorandtruthtrendedinitstimeline.
D.Communicatingbetweenfollowersandhosts.
问题2选项
A.misinformationcanbewellsolvedunderthemechanicsofTwitter.
B.abettercorrectionmechanismmustbeappliedtopreventtheinformationonTwittergoingviral.
C.littlecanusersdonowtopreventrumorsonTwitterfromself-perpetuating.
D.Twitterisinefficientinprovidingbreakingnewsinformation.
问题3选项
A.TwittershowsaunfilteredstreamforuserswhileFacebookshowsacuratedone.
B.TwitterandFacebookareusingdifferentalgorithmstofiltercontents.
C.TwitterprovidesnewsfeedswhileFacebookshowsthebestinformation.
D.TwitteroffersonlypartialsolutionsonmisinformationwhileFacebookhasabetteralgorithmtosolvetheproblem.
问题4选项
A.Becausethecontentsareretweetedorfavoritedbyhisfriends.
B.BecauseTwitteremphasizethepresentthatcontentnotofthenowisdisruptive.
C.Becausetheinformationexchangedcomesfromseveralmonthsago.
D.Becauseitworksonothersocialnetworksaswell.
问题5选项
A.Wearegettingamorecomplacent,lesscriticalviewbyusingTwitter.
B.WeshouldbeawareofthepotentialofTwittertospreadmisinformation.
C.Twitterreliesonnewnesswhichequalstothestateofnow.
D.Twittershouldhaveacorrectionmechanismforuserstoedittweetstheyhaveposted.
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:B
第3题:A
第4题:B
第5题:C
【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。第二段指出“newshasnevermovedfasterthanitdoesnow”,现在信息的传播速度之快超过往。第三段指出“...combinedwithitscapacityforspreadingthatnewswithbreathtakingease”,结合它惊人的传播新闻的能力……。由此可知B项“以最简单的方式不间断地传播新闻”正确。
第2题:2.事实细节题。文章多处提到Honan对于Twitter的提议。第四段指出:...thisinabilitytocorrectviralmisinformation,没有能力纠正病毒性错误信息。...Twittershouldhaveacorrectionmechanismthatallowsuserstoeditandrebroadcasttweetsaftertheyareposted,Twitter应该有一个修正机制,允许用户在发布推文后编辑和转发。...ensurethatdataandnewsisascorrectaspossibleisunderstandable,确保数据和新闻尽可能的正确且可以理解。因此,B项“应设立纠错程序,以防止通过推特网传播病毒信息”正确。
第3题:3.事实细节题。第五段指出“But,mostimportant,whenauserlogsintoTwitter,whattheyseeisaraw,unfilteredstream,withthenewestcontentattheverytop.Facebook,bycontrast,showsusersacuratedfeed;thetopofthefeedisnotwhat’snew”,但是,最重要的是,当用户登录Twitter时,他们看到的是原创的、未经处理的信息流,最新鲜的内容放在首页头条。相比之下,Facebook提供给用户的是经过加工处理的东西,而且放在首页的头条也不是最新信息。因此,A项“推特网向用户提供的是未经处理的信息流,脸谱网提供的则是经过加工处理的东西”正确。
第4题:4.事实细节题。文章倒数第三段第一句提到:Twitter十分专注于当下,非当下的内容则是破坏性的(sointentlyboundtothenowthatintroducingcontentnotofthismomentisdisruptive)。因此,B项正确。
第5题:5.观点态度题。文章多处能体现作者的观点态度。如第三段指出“...combinedwithitscapacityforspreadingthatnewswithbreathtakingease(结合它惊人的传播新闻的能力)”。第四段指出“…thisinabilitytocorrectviralmisinformation(没有能力纠正病毒性错误信息)”。第五段指出“Twitter,whattheyseeisaraw,unfilteredstream,withthenewestcontentattheverytop(在推特网上,看到的是原创的、未经处理的信息流,最新鲜的内容放在首页头条)”。由此可以看出,C项“推特网注重新奇与时效性”正确。
11.单选题
Thefarmeroutupironfencesaroundtheflower()gardenneighbor’ssheepshouldbreakin.
问题1选项
A.onconditionthat
B.nowthat
C.lest
D.but
【答案】C
【解析】onconditionthat如果;nowthat既然,由于;lest唯恐,以免。句意:为了防止邻居家的羊搞破坏,农民在花园周围搭起了铁栅栏。选项C符合句意。
12.单选题
WheneverTomcomesacrossaseriousproblem,helikesto()it,namely,tothinkitaboutcarefullyandforalongtime.
问题1选项
A.contend
B.contempt
C.contemplate
D.content
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。contend“主张”;contempt“轻视,蔑视,耻辱”,名词;contemplate“沉思,注视”;content“使满足”。根据thinkitaboutcarefullyandforalongtime(仔细并长时间地思考它)可知“沉思”符合,因此选项C符合题意。
13.单选题
Themilitaryoperation()yesterdayweretargetedatthemilitaryinstallations.
问题1选项
A.propelled
B.commenced
C.plagued
D.modulated
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项propelled“推动,驱使”;B选项commenced“开始”;C选项plagued“困扰,折磨”;D选项modulated“调接,调动”。句意:昨天_____的军事行动是针对军事设施的。这里表达的意思是“昨天开始执行的军事行动”,因此B选项符合题意。
14.单选题
Thelightistoo()formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.
问题1选项
A.rid
B.ripe
C.soup
D.dim
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项rid“得到解脱的”;B选项ripe“熟的,成熟的”;C选项soup“使振作;打扮”;D选项dim“暗淡的,昏暗的”。句意:光线太昏暗我没法看书。我再也受不了了。根据后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知,D符合题意。
15.单选题
Withinthatexclusivegroupofliterarycharacterswhohavesurvivedthroughthecenturies-fromHamlettoHuckleberryFinn—fewcanrivaltheculturalimpactofSherlockHolmes.Sincehisfirstpublicappearance20yearsago,thegentlemanwiththecurvedpipeandatasteforcocaine,themasterofdeductivereasoningandelaboratedisguise,haslefthismarkeverywhere—incrimeliterature,filmandtelevision,cartoonsandcomicbooks.
AtHolmes’side,ofcourse,washistrustedfriendDr.Watson.Loomingevenlarger,however,wasanotherdoctor,onewhosemedicalpracticewassoslowitallowedhimplentyoftimetopursuehisliteraryambition.Hisname:ArthurConanDoyle.Asthecreatorofthesefictionalicons,ConanDoylehashimselfbecomesomethingofacultfigure,theobjectofcountlesscriticalstudies,biographiesandfanclubs.
ConanDoylewasborninEdinburghin1859,inarespectablemiddle-classCatholicfamily.Still,itwasfarfromaneasylife.Therewasneverenoughmoney,theymovedfrequentlyinsearchoflowerrents;andhisfather,acivilservantandillustratorwasanalcoholicwhohadtobeinstitutionalized.Yettheearlylettershewrotetohismotheraresurprisinglyoptimistic,concernedmainlywithfood,clothes,allowancesandschoolwork.At14camehisfirstunforgettablevisittoLondon,includingMadameTussaud’s,wherehewas“delightedwiththeroomofHorrors,andtheimagesofthemurderers.”
Asuperbstudent,ConanDoylewentontomedicalschool,wherehewasattractedbyDr.JosephBell,aprofessorwithanuncannyabilitytodiagnosepatientsevenbeforetheyopenedtheirmouths.ForatimeheworkedasBell’soutpatientclerkandwouldwatch,amazed,athowthelocationofacalluscouldrevealaman’sprofession,orhowaquicklookataskinrashtoldBellthatthepatienthadoncelivedinBermuda.In1886,ConanDoyleoutlinedhisfirstnovel,AStudyinScarlet,whichhedescribedas“asimpletaleofmysterytomakealittleextramoney.”Itsmaincharacter,initiallycalledSherringfordHopeandlatercalledSherlockHolmes,wasbasedlargelyonBell.ButHolmes’firstappearancewentalmostunnoticed,andthestrugglingdoctordevotednearlyallofhissparetimetowritinglonghistoricalnovelsinthestyleofSirWalterScott—novelsthathewasconvincedwouldmakehisreputation.Itwasn’ttobe.In1888,HolmesreappearedinAScandalinBohemia,ashortstoryinStrandMagazine.Andthistime,itsherotookanimmediatehitandConanDoyle’slifewouldneverbethesame.
1.ThetypicalfeaturesofSherlockHolmeswereallEXCEPT(
).
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutConanDoyleandhisfamily
ConanDoyle’sshortstory?
3.HowdidConanDoylefeelabouthisfirstvisittoLondon?
4.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat(
).
5.“AScandalinBohemia”hasprovedtobe(
)atlast.
问题1选项
A.rational
B.sociable
C.intelligent
D.cunning
问题2选项
A.Hecamefromamiddle-classfamily.
B.TheyledahardlifeinEdinburgh.
C.Hisfatherwasaddictedtodrinking.
D.Hismotherhadreceivedlittleeducation.
问题3选项
A.Itwashorrible.
B.Itwaspleasant.
C.Itwasawful.
D.Itwasmemorable.
问题4选项
A.ldbe
B.writersoftenbasetheirwritingonpersonalexperiences
C.ConanDoylehasgonethroughaperiodofhardshiponhiswaytosuccess
D.inspirationwasveryimportantforapersontocreatesomething
问题5选项
A.successful
B.powerful
C.ridiculous
D.frustrating
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:C
第5题:A
【解析】1.细节事实题。rational意为“神智清楚的”;sociable意为“好交际的”;intelligent意为“聪明的,有才智的”;cunning意为“狡猾的”。根据文章第一段中“Sincehisfirstpublicappearance20yearsago,thegentlemanwiththecurvedpipeandatasteforcocaine,themasterofdeductivereasoningandelaboratedisguise”可知此处是对福尔摩斯特征的描写,一位擅长演绎推理和伪装的大师,B选项没有提及,因此正确答案为B。
2.细节事实题。根据文章第三段中“ConanDoylewasborninEdinburghin1859,inarespectablemiddle-classCatholicfamily.Still,itwasfarfromaneasylife....andhisfather,acivilservantandillustratorwasanalcoholic(酗酒者)whohadtobeinstitutionalized.”可知A、B、C选项都正确,因此选D。
3.细节事实题。根据文章第三段中“At14camehisfirstunforgettablevisittoLondon,includingMadameTussaud’s,wherehewas“delightedwiththeroomofHorrors,andtheimagesofthemurderers.””可知第一次的伦敦之旅给柯南•道尔留下了难忘的记忆,因此D选项“它是值得纪念的”符合题意。
4.推理判断题。从文章最后一段可知柯南•道尔的第一部小说是以Dr.JosephBell为原型写的,但并没有引起人们的关注,于是又写了他一部自己抱有很大希望的历史小说,然而还是没有成功,直到1988年发表的一篇短篇小说,才使他声名鹊起,可见柯南•道尔在成功之前经历过不少挫折,故选C。
5.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中“ConanDoyle’slifewouldneverbethesame.”可知柯南•道尔通过他的短篇小说改变了他的人生,因此可以推测这
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