考研考博-英语-哈尔滨信息工程学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨信息工程学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Thefirehascausedgreatlosses,butthefactorytriedto______theconsequencesbysayingthatthedamagewasnotasseriousasreported.

问题1选项

A.decrease

B.subtract

C.minimize

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项decrease“减少，减小”，强调事物逐渐减少的过程，主要是指数量、质量等方面的减少；B选项subtract“减去”；C选项minimize“最小化，将……减到最小”；D选项degrade“降低（地位），贬低”。句意：这场火灾造成了巨大损失，但工厂表示损失没有报道的严重，试图将后果降到最低。

2.单选题

Ⅵ.Internationalenvironmentallawseemstohavereachedanimpasse.Thisishardlysurprising:thecomplexityofenvironmentalproblems,evenwhenconsideredapartfromunderlyingsocial,political,andeconomicfactors,isstaggering.Scientificunderstandingsofenvironmentaldegradationanditscausesevolverapidly.Theunderlyingcausesofsuchdegradationareveryoftenactivitiesthatbringsignificantsocialandeconomicbenefits,withtheresultthatpoliticalauthoritieshavenowishtoprohibitorstrictlyregulatethem;incentivestructuresmayoftenconstituteamorepromisingavenue.Thecomplexityofquestionsabouthumanimpactsontheenvironmentandhowtodecreaseormitigatethemcallsforahighdegreeofspecialization,whileatthesametimerequiringcoordinatedactiononanumberoffronts.Inlightofthesechallenges,internationalenvironmentallawhasfollowedatrajectorythatseemsinevitable:fromgeneralruleswhosevaguenessoftenimpededtheirusefulnesstohighlyspecialized,technicalregimesfocusedonnarrowly-definedphenomenaandinteractingwitheachotherinaratherhesitantandclumsyfashion,andmorerecentlytotheaccelerationoftransnational,includingnon-state,regimebuilding.Itbecomesincreasinglydifficulttodiscerntheparticularcontributionthatlawcanmaketoenvironmentalprotectionasittakesontheroleofhandmaidentoscience,economics,politics,ethics,andothersocialsystems.

Inhisdiscussionsofthemanagerialmindsetandthedemoralizationoflaw,Koskenniemifrequentlymakesreferencetoenvironmentallaw,notablytothecarvingoutofimplementationandcomplianceproceduresfromthegenerallawofstateresponsibility,totheincreasedresorttosoftlaw,andtotheheavyrelianceonequitablebalancing.Abriefsketchofthearchitectureofinternationalenvironmentallawrevealsvague,generalprinciplesatoneend;highlydetailedandtechnicalrulesandstandardsarticulatedatthelevelofspecializedregimesattheotherend;andaseriesofpotentiallyusefulbutunderspecified—and,unfortunately,largelyuninfluential—proceduralrulesbetweenthetwo.Furthermore,alargenumberofgeneralprinciplesandregime-specificstandardstaketheformofsoftlaw.Attemptstofleshoutaseriesofgeneralrightsandobligationsforstates(andpotentiallyforotheractors,aswell)havebeenongoing,butthoseeffortsseemtohavefalteredwiththepublicationbytheInternationalLawCommission(ILC)ofthe2001DraftArticlesonPreventionofTransboundaryHarmfromHazardousActivitiesandthe2006DraftPrinciplesontheAllocationofLossinthecaseofTransboundaryHarmarisingoutofHazardousActivities.

1.InternationalenvironmentallawseemstohavereachedanimpasseNOTbecause___.

2.Internationalenvironmentallawhasfollowedapathfrom___to___.

3.Koskenniemiusesenvironmentallawtoillustrate___.

4.Betweenthetwoendsofinternationalenvironmentallaware___.

问题1选项

A.thecomplexityofenvironmentalproblems

B.theunderlyingcausesofthedegradationareveryoftenactivitiesthatbringsignificantsocialandeconomicbenefits

C.scientificunderstandingsofenvironmentaldegradationanditscausesevolverapidly

D.politicalauthoritieshavenowishtostrictlyregulateenvironment

问题2选项

A.generalrules,clumsyfashion

B.generalrules,interactingwitheachother

C.generalrules,highlyspecializedregimes

D.generalrules,science,economics,politics,ethics,andothersocialsystems

问题3选项

A.generallawofstateresponsibility

B.thedemoralizationoflaw

C.theincreasedresorttosoftlaw

D.theheavyrelianceonequitablebalancing

问题4选项

A.seriesofproceduralrules

B.generalprinciples

C.highlydetailedandtechnicalrulesandstandards

D.largelyuninfluentialrules

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段Scientificunderstandingsofenvironmentaldegradationanditscausesevolverapidly.Theunderlyingcausesofsuchdegradationareveryoftenactivitiesthatbringsignificantsocialandeconomicbenefits,withtheresultthatpoliticalauthoritieshavenowishtoprohibitorstrictlyregulatethem;incentivestructuresmayoftenconstituteamorepromisingavenue.（对环境退化及其原因的科学认识迅速演变。这种退化的根本原因往往是带来重大社会和经济利益的活动，其结果是政治当局无意禁止或严格管制这些活动；激励结构往往构成一种更有前途的途径）可知D选项“政治当局不希望严格管理环境”是国际环境法似乎陷入了僵局的结果，B选项“退化的根本原因往往是那些带来重大社会和经济利益的活动”和C选项“对环境退化及其原因的科学认识迅速演变”是国际环境法似乎陷入了僵局的原因；第一段Thisishardlysurprising:thecomplexityofenvironmentalproblems,evenwhenconsideredapartfromunderlyingsocial,political,andeconomicfactors,isstaggering.（这不足为奇：环境问题的复杂性，即使撇开潜在的社会、政治和经济因素考虑，也是惊人的）可知A选项“环境问题的复杂性”是国际环境法似乎陷入了僵局的原因。因此D选项符合题意。

2.事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第一段Inlightofthesechallenges,internationalenvironmentallawhasfollowedatrajectorythatseemsinevitable:fromgeneralruleswhosevaguenessoftenimpededtheirusefulnesstohighlyspecialized,technicalregimesfocusedonnarrowly-definedphenomenaandinteractingwitheachotherinaratherhesitantandclumsyfashion,andmorerecentlytotheaccelerationoftransnational,includingnon-state,regimebuilding.（鉴于这些挑战，国际环境法遵循了一条似乎无可避免的轨迹：从模糊性往往妨碍其有用性的一般规则，到高度专门化的技术制度，侧重于界定较窄的现象，并以相当迟疑和呆滞的方式相互作用，以及最近加速跨国，包括非国家，体制建设）可知一般规则是和高度专门化的技术制度相对应，选C选项“一般规则，高度专业化的制度”；A选项“一般规则，呆滞的方式”，B选项“一般规则，相互作用”所提到的内容不是互为对应项，D选项“一般规则、科学、经济、政治、伦理和其他社会制度”内有内容未提及。因此C选项符合题意。

3.推理判断题。根据题干关键词“Koskenniemi”定位到原文第二段开头Inhisdiscussionsofthemanagerialmindsetandthedemoralizationoflaw,Koskenniemifrequentlymakesreferencetoenvironmentallaw,notablytothecarvingoutofimplementationandcomplianceproceduresfromthegenerallawofstateresponsibility,totheincreasedresorttosoftlaw,andtotheheavyrelianceonequitablebalancing.（在他讨论的管理思维和法律的道德败坏，Koskenniemi经常借鉴环境法律，尤其是雕刻的实现和国家责任的一般法律合规程序，采取软法的增加，严重依赖公平的平衡）可知选B选项“法律的道德败坏”；A选项“国家责任的一般法律”，C选项“增加对软法律的求助”以及D选项“严重依赖公平平衡”都是借鉴所举的例子。因此B选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到原文第二段andaseriesofpotentiallyusefulbutunderspecified—and,unfortunately,largelyuninfluential—proceduralrulesbetweenthetwo.（以及在这两端之间一系列可能有用但不明确（不幸的是，基本上没有影响力）的程序规则）可知选A选项“一系列程序规则”，根据原文可知两端之间是一系列程序规则，可能有用但不明确以及不幸的是，基本上没有影响力都是用于修饰程序规则，而D选项“基本上没有影响的规则”错误，该选项只提到了修饰成分，但是核心部分从程序规则变成了规则，和原文的范围不符合；根据原文Abriefsketchofthearchitectureofinternationalenvironmentallawrevealsvague,generalprinciplesatoneend;highlydetailedandtechnicalrulesandstandardsarticulatedatthelevelofspecializedregimesattheotherend（对国际环境法架构的简要概述显示，在一端是模糊的、一般的原则；在另一端的专门制度一级阐明了非常详细和技术性的规则和标准）可知B选项“一般原则”以及C选项“非常详细和技术性的规则和标准”分别是两端的内容，不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Everyoneexperiencesfearduringmajorcrisis—suchasfires,automobileaccidents,etc.Somepeopleevenfeelverynervouswhentheyflyinginairplanes.Nomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotlowertheiranxiety.Someofthemenjoytalkingabouttheirfearswhileothersresentbeingaskedtodiscusstheiranxietybytellingjokes.Somepeopletrytohidetheirnervousness:theytrytodisguisetheiranxietybytellingjokes.Othersbecomeloudandaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes,sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sfears—tomasteranxiety.

Anumberoffactorscanbementionedasimportantinexplainingwhypeoplehaveafearofflying:earlychildhoodexperiences,generalsenseofsecurity,fearofheights,trustinothers,percentageofalcoholinblood,etc.Thememoryofabadexperiencecansometimestriggerthesamefearcausedbythatexperience.Thus,achildmightbefrightenedbythesightofadogeventhoughheissafe,merelybecauseheoncehadabadexperiencewithadog.Abadexperiencecanbethecuethattriggersourfears.Butthecrucialfactorseemstobeafeelingofnocontrol.

Usuallyweareabletosuppressourfeelingssothattheydonotaffectourbehavior.Butsometimesthetensionproducedbyourfearsissogreatthatwecannotsuppressit.Atsuchtimeweneedtodischargethetensionbylaughingorcrying.Bysmilingfoolishlyandtalkingloudly,weareabletorepresstherisingfeelingoffearsothatitdoesnotaffectthewaywebehave.

Becauseitisnecessarytorecognizeaproblembeforeitcanbesolved,admittingthatweareafraidisanintegralpartoftheprocessofmasteringourfears.

1.Tomakesomeonethebuttofjokesmeans（）.

2.Whatisthepositivepurposeofpeople’stellingjokes?

3.Tomasteranxietymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactortriggeringthefeelingoffear?

5.Accordingtotheconcludingparagraph,whatisessentialtogothroughtheprocessofmasteringone'sfears?

问题1选项

A.toforcesomeonetoenjoyjokes

B.toentitlesomeonetotelljokes

C.tooffendsomeonebyjokes

D.tomakesomeonebecometheobjectofjokes

问题2选项

A.Todisguisetheiranxiety

B.Toattackothers

C.Tocontrolone’sownfears

D.Toshowone’ssenseofhumor

问题3选项

A.toconquerthefeelingofnervousness

B.toholdbackthefeelingofuneasiness

C.tobefamiliarwithtension

D.tobegoodatthesubjectofanxiety

问题4选项

A.Earlychildhoodexperience.

B.Thegeneralsenseofsecurity.

C.Thefearofheights.

D.Afeelingofnocontrol.

问题5选项

A.Tobeconsciousofthewayofmasteringfears.

B.Toadmitthefeelingoffears.

C.Tocontrolone'sfeelings.

D.Torepresstherisingfeelingoffear.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.语义推断题。根据第一段的倒数二三句“Somepeopletrytohidetheirnervousness:theytrytodisguisetheiranxietybytellingjokes.Othersbecomeloudandaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes.”有些人试图通过讲笑话来掩饰他们的焦虑；另一些人则吵闹和好斗，攻击别人的方法是使人成为被取笑的对象。所以thebuttofjokes指：被人取笑的对象。选项D符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段的最后一句“Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.有时让别人成为笑话的对象是为了控制自己的恐惧——控制焦虑。”由此可知，人们讲笑话的积极目的是为了控制自己的恐惧和焦虑，所以选项C符合原文。

3.判断推理题。根据第一段的最后一句“Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.”可知，控制焦虑意味着要克服紧张不安的感觉，选项A符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Butthecrucialfactorseemstobeafeelingofnocontrol.但关键的因素似乎是一种失控的感觉。”选项D符合原文。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容可知：在问题得以解决之前，有必要认识它，承认我们害怕是控制恐惧过程中不可分割的一部分。所以选项B符合原文。

4.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion3.

【答案】ThehistoryofblackliberationmovementsintheUSAcouldbecharacterizedasastruggleoverimagesasmuchasastruggleforrightsandequalaccess.However,thecontroloverimagesmetmanysetbacks:itwasconsiderednotasimportantasequalaccess;thepowertosegregatewasmistakenlybelievedbymanyblacksasthegreatestpoweragainstthem;blackpeoplehavemadefewrevolutionaryinterventionsinit;racialdesegregationpartlyledmanyblackpeopletobelessattentivetoit;nationalistblackfreedommovementsoftenonlycaredaboutquestionsof“good”and“bad”imageryanddidnotpromoteamoreexpansiveculturalunderstandingofthepoliticsofessenceandidentitythatultimatelyrestrictedandconfinedblackimageproduction.

5.单选题

Itwilltakeustwentyminutestogettotherailwaystation,（）trafficdelays.

问题1选项

A.acknowledging

B.affording

C.allowingfor

D.accountingfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。acknowledge表示“承认，答谢”；afford表示“提供，供应得起”；allowfor“考虑到；顾及”；accountfor“对……负有责任”。句意：考虑到交通拥堵，我们到火车站可能需要20分钟。

6.单选题

Thestudentsweresupposedto（

）theirassignmentbynow.

问题1选项

A.finish

B.havefinished

C.finishing

D.havingfinished

【答案】B

【解析】句意:到现在为止，学生们应该已完成作业了。

语法题。考查现在完成时。由关键词bynow(到现在为止)可知句子用现在完成时态。Besupposedto后面应该接动词原形have。故选B。

7.单选题

Whenthestormbroke,theflockofsheepwere______inalldirections.

问题1选项

A.straying

B.dispersing

C.separating

D.distributing

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.straying迷路，偏离B.dispersing分散，散开

C.separating分离D.distributing分发，分配

【考查点】固定用法。

【解题思路】由空格后面的inalldirections可知，disperseinalldirections为固定用法，表示“纷纷四散”。因此，该题选择B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项strayin（误入，流浪到）、D选项distributein（分布在）不符合句子意思；

C选项不与in搭配。

【句意】暴风雨来临时，羊群纷纷四散了。

8.单选题

Undoubtedlythefloodcouldhavebeen______ifthelocalgovernmenthadinvestedmoremoneyingreeningtheenvironment.

问题1选项

A.putoff

B.turnedoff

C.keptoff

D.writtenoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项putoff“推迟；扔掉；阻止”；B选项turnoff“关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向；使失去兴趣”；C选项keepoff“让开；不接近”；D选项writeoff“注销；取消；勾销；报废”。句意：毫无疑问，如果当地政府在绿化环境方面投入更多的资金，洪水本可以被阻断。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

Whenyouwin,yourerrorsare（）;whenyoulose,yourerrorsaremagnified.

问题1选项

A.expanded

B.obscured

C.cultivated

D.exaggerated

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项expanded“扩充的，展开的”；B选项obscured“遮蔽的，湮没的”；C选项cultivated“有教养的；栽培的，培植的”；D选项exaggerated“夸张的，言过其实的”。本句表示“当你胜利时，你的错误会被（）；当你失败时，你的错误会被放大。”根据句意可知空格处应填magnified（放大的）的反义词，因此B选项正确。

10.问答题

Eachyear,afewso-calledtopdesignersinParisandLondonlaydownonthelawand

A

womenaroundtheworldruntoobey.Thedecreesofthedesignersareunpredictableand

B

dictatorial.Sometimetheydecidearbitrarily,thatskirtswillbeshortandwaistswillbehigh;

C

zipsareinandbuttonsareout.

D

【答案】试题答案：A;去掉on

【解析】考查固定搭配。laydown意为“制定”，介词on在此处是多余的。

11.单选题

Thespaceprojectrequiresmoremoneythan______becauseitneedsthemostmodernandadvancedequipmentwhichisextremelyexpensive.

问题1选项

A.tobeputin

B.tohavebeenputin

C.puttingin

D.havingputit

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.tobeputin被投入B.tohavebeenputin被投入

C.puttingin投入D.havingputit把它

【考查点】比较级的用法。

【解题思路】空格处为被比较部分，前面提到“太空计划需要的资金比……更多”，结合选项，可知是“比投入的更多”，需要用到完成时；而money和putin之间为被动语态，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项表示将来，不符合句子意思；

C、D选项表示主动，排除。

【句意】太空计划需要的资金比投入的要多，因为它需要最现代和最先进的设备，这是极其昂贵的。

12.单选题

Withmostonlinerecruitmentservices,job-huntersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully,（

）thesearchenginewillnevermakethecorrectmatch.

问题1选项

A.therefore

B.whereas

C.provided

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查逻辑连接词。therefore为连接性副词，表示“因此”；whereas“然而”；provided“假如，以……为条件”；otherwise“否则就”。句意：求职者通过在线求职服务求职时必须仔细选择用词，否则搜索引擎无法正确匹配。选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

Hisscheduleisjammedwithmeetingsandothersortsofevents;Iverymuchdoubtthathewillhavetimetoattendtheannualdramafestivalonourcampus.

问题1选项

A.jammedwithmeetings

B.verymuchdoubt

C.havetimetoattend

D.onourcampus

E.没有问题

【答案】E

14.单选题

MicrosoftfounderBillGateshas

(

)

aboutbeingaparent,statingthat13isanappropriateageforachild’sfirstcellphone.

问题1选项

A.openedup

B.takenup

C.putup

D.heldup

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。openup“坦诚地说，开辟，打开”；takeup“开始从事，占用”；putup“提供，提出，建造”；holdup“举起”。句意：微软创始人比尔•盖茨坦言为人父母之道，表明13岁是孩子拥有第一部手机的合适年龄。因此A选项符合题意。

15.单选题

SinceTomwas（

）fromtheburdenthathadbeenimposedonhim,hebeganto

concentratemoreonhisowninterest.

问题1选项

A.exiled

B.exempted

C.expected

D.executed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。exile“放逐，流放”；exempt“免除，豁免”；beexemptedfrom“被免除…”；expect“期望”；execute“实行”。句意：自从曾经加在他身上的担子被移除后，Tom开始更专注于自己的兴趣。由后半句“Tom开始专注于自己的兴趣”可知B项正确，答案B

16.单选题

Thosewerethesoldiers（

）tosavethetown.

问题1选项

A.whoseresponsibilitywas

B.inwhomtherewasaresponsibility

C.whosewastheresponsibility

D.fromwhomtheresponsibilitycame

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些士兵的（）是保卫城镇。根据句意答案选A；关系代词whose在定语从句中职能作状语，不能作主语，所以C选项错误；介词+whom/which在定语从句中一般作状语，D选项不符语法，B选项不符题意。而且responsibility一般不与in搭配。

17.单选题

Greatandsignificantmusiccan,however,bewrittenonthemesthatare,inthemselves,（）.

问题1选项

A.quitelovely

B.verymagnificent

C.intriguing

D.trivial

【答案】B

【解析】magnificent壮丽的,宏伟的；intriguing有趣的,迷人的；trivial琐碎的。句意：然而,伟大而有意义的音乐可以写在本身就非常宏伟的主题上。选项B符合语境。

18.单选题

Lymediseaseiscausedbybacteriathatare（）bydeertick.

问题1选项

A.emitted

B.transmitted

C.communicated

D.distributed

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。B选项transmitted意为“传播，传染（疾病）”。句意：莱姆病是一种由鹿蜱传播的细菌所（）的疾病。A选项emitted发出，发射；B选项transmitted传播，传染（疾病）；C选项communicated传达，表达；D选项distributed分配，散布。B选项transmitted符合句意

19.单选题

Thebottomlineisthatpatientswhowanttomakesuretheirdoctoriscompetenthavealotofworktodo.Andtheworkshouldbedoneonthefrontend:expertsemphasizethatpeopleshouldfindadoctorandestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth,sotheydon’thavetoscramblewhentheycomedownwithbronchitisorfindasuspiciouslump.

Studieshavefoundthatitishardtogetanappointmentatshortnoticewhencold-calling,andthatpatientswitharegularsourceofcaregetbettercare,evenwhentheyareuninsured.Whilesomeinternistshaveadditionaltrainingincardiologyorrheumatology,shewenton,primarycarephysiciansalsohaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.

Manywomenchooseagynecologistastheirregulardoctor.Dr.Gallinsaid,butshouldprobablyhavearelationshipwithaninternistaswell.Next,reviewthelistofdoctorsinyourhealthplan.Considertheirlocationaswellastheirhospitalaffiliations.Youmaywanttocross-checkyourhealthplan’slistwithatopdoctorslistforyourarea;theselists(oftenpublishedinregionalmagazineslikeNewYorkandNewJerseyMonthly)areusuallygeneratedbysurveyingphysicians.

Checkwithyourhealthplantoseewhetherithasgoodinformationonindividualphysicians(mostdon’t,butmanyareworkingonit).GoodqualitymeasuresincludeNationalCommitteeonQualityAssuranceaccreditationaboutwhetherdoctorsmeetcriteriaforcareforspecificconditionslikebackpainordiabetes,andtheHealthcareEffectivenessDataInformationSet,whichfocusesonadherencetoclinicalguidelines,likeprescribingabetablockerafteraheartattack.Somehealthplansalsooffernetworksofhigh-performingor“honorroll”physicians;askaboutthecriteria.

Ifyou’reuninsured,youmaybeabletonegotiatewithadoctorandagreeonareducedfee,butrememberthatyouwillalsoberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,X-rays,proceduresandmedications.Thesecostsaremorelikelytobecoveredorchargedonaslidingscaleatacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinic.(Tofindalocation,seeunder“FindHelp”，ortheFamiliesUSAWebsite,,under“ResourcesforConsumers”.)

Otherfactorstoconsiderarewhetherthedoctorhaseveningandweekendhours,whethertheofficeleavestimeopentoschedulesame-dayappointmentsforurgentcare,whetherwaitingtimesarereasonableandwhetherthedoctorisinsolopracticeoragrouppractice.(Someexpertssaythatgrouppracticestendtobemoreefficientandthatdoctorsingroupsaremorelikelytostayuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice.)Ifthedoctoruseselectronicrecords,that’saplus,someexpertssay.

Onthecrucialquestionofwhetheryouarecomfortablewiththedoctoryou’vechosen,youwon’tknowthatuntilyoumeetwiththedoctor.Pediatricianswillusuallyagreetoaninterview;busyinternistsoftenwon’t.

6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

7.Inadditiontoagynecologist,womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternistbecause____.

8.Fortheuninsured,expertssuggest____.

9.Expertsindicatethatifadoctoruseselectronicrecords,____.

10.StrategiesforgettinganappointmentwithadoctormoreeasilyincludeallEXCEPT____.

问题1选项

A.Primaryphysiciansusuallyhaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.

B.Patientsoftenfinditaloteasiertogetanappointmentwhiletheyareingoodhealth.

C.Thepeopledonotneedtoestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth.

D.Strategiesareneededforgettinganappointmentwithacompetentdoctor.

问题2选项

A.everyinternisthasanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals

B.someinternistsareonlytrainedincardiologyorrheumatology

C.theyhavearegularsourceofcare

D.theydonotoftenneedtogetanappointmentwithadoctor

问题3选项

A.theyberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,proceduresandmedication

B.theyreachsomeagreementwithadoctorforadjustedcoverageofcosts

C.theygotoacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinicforfreemedicalcare

D.theyvisittheFamiliesUSAWebsitetolocatefreehealthcare

问题4选项

A.thedoctorshouldbeaprioritychoiceforpatients

B.thedoctormustbeextremelypopularamongpatients

C.patientsshouldgivethedoctorextracredits

D.theuninsuredmaybechargedmorethantheinsured

问题5选项

A.establishingarelationshipwithadoctorwhohaseveningandweekendhours

B.discoveringacomfortrelationshipwithadoctorthroughinterviews

C.stayinguninsuredforreducedchargesincommunityhealthcenters

D.findingadoctorinagrouppracticethatstaysuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】6.【选项释义】

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?下面哪个陈述最好地表达了这篇文章的主要思想？

A.Primaryphysiciansusuallyhaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.A.初级医生通常有一个可推荐的值得信赖的专家网络。

B.PatientsoftenfinditaloteasiertogetanappointmentwhiletheyareingoodhealthB.病人们经常发现，当他们在身体健康时，预约成功要容易得多。

C.Thepeopledonotneedtoestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth.C.人们健康的时候不需要与医生建立关系。

D.Strategiesareneededforgettinganappointmentwithacompetentdoctor.D.预约到有能力的医生需要一些策略。

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】分析文章行文结构：本文的行文逻辑为“总分式”，首段提出观点，总领全文，后文就首段提出的观点给出具体的建议。首段第2句说到“这项工作应该在最先完成，即：专家们强调，人们应该在身体健康的时候找医生并建立联系（peopleshouldfindadoctorandestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth）”；第2-7段分别为作者对“如何预约到有实力的医生”给出的策略或者需要考虑的因素，D选项“预约到有能力的医生需要一些策略”符合题意。（另外，第10题的题干也提示了“预约医生的策略”。）

【干扰项排除】

A选项“初级医生通常有一个可推荐的值得信赖的专家网络”，仅在原文第2段提到，不能概括全文主旨，该选项属于以偏概全；

B选项“病人们经常发现，当他们在身体健康时，预约成功要容易得多”，仅在原文第1段提到，不能概括全文主旨，该选项属于以偏概全；

C选项“人们健康的时候不需要与医生建立关系”，表述与原文不符，原文第1段第2句提到“专家们强调，人们应该在身体健康的时候找医生并建立关系”。

7.【选项释义】

Inadditiontoagynecologist,womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternistbecause____.除了妇科医生，女性也应该与内科医生建立关系，因为____。

A.everyinternisthasanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferralsA.每个内科医生都有一个可推荐的值得信赖的专家网络

B.someinternistsareonlytrainedincardiologyorrheumatologyB.一些内科医生只接受过心脏病学或风湿病学的培训

C.theyhavearegularsourceofcareC.他们有常规的治疗来源

D.theydonotoftenneedtogetanappointmentwithadoctorD.他们不需要总是跟医生预约

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternist定位到原文第3段第1句，该句提到“加林医生说，但也应该和内科医生联系一下。”该句后一句提到“接下来，检查你的健康计划中的医生名单”，说明作者已经开始介绍另一个策略了，因此本题的答案应该往前找。原文第2段提到“有常规治疗来源的病人（patientswitharegularsourceofcare）得到更好的护理”，紧接着说“尽管一些内科医生在心脏病学或风湿病学方面有额外的培训，但初级保健医生也有一个可推荐的值得信赖的专家网络。”由此推断，专家建议女性应该和内科医生联系一下，是因为他们有可推荐的值得信赖的专家网络，即常规治疗来源，C选项“他们有常规的治疗来源”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“每个内科医生都有一个可推荐的值得信赖的专家网络”，“每个”的表述不恰当，该选项属于过度推理；/