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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连理工大学押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinotherrespectsappeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence—asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovinglivingstandardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk,”theadvocatesofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus()

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen()

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means()

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis()

问题1选项

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

问题2选项

A.violenceneversolvesanything.

B.nothing.

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing.

D.everything.

问题3选项

A.can’tgetahearing.

B.arelookeddownupon.

C.arepersecuted.

D.havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

问题4选项

A.Hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

B.Hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

C.Hegainsnothingafterlistening.

D.Hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

问题5选项

A.lawenforcement.

B.knowledge.

C.nonviolence.

D.moppinguptheviolentmess.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段提出有些国家种族偏见严重,而暴力却是公认的一种解决方法,我们仍然没有认识到,暴力永远不能解决问题,而是使问题更加尖锐。第二段阐述了真正有理智的人在宣扬法制,却遭到轻视和迫害,作者认为真正的解决方案不是暴力,而是法制。第三段进一步说明“交流、对话”是了解双方问题的前提,而暴力制造了它假装要解决的罪恶。整篇文章都在阐述不能依靠暴力手段解决歧视问题。因此B选项“暴力无助于消除种族偏见”最适合作为文章标题。A选项“提倡暴力”,C选项“双方的重要人物都认为暴力是合法的解决方案”,D选项“人类的本能渴望暴力”,因为文章是不宣扬暴力的,所以A,C,D都不适合作为标题。

2.客观细节题。由题干关键词“Recordedhistory”可以定位到文章第一段倒数第四句“Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.”(整个有记录的人类历史,那冗长乏味的暴力记录,没有教会我们任何东西。),说明人类历史上的暴力记录没有教会我们任何东西。因此B选项“什么也没有”正确。A选项“暴力永远解决不了任何问题”和C选项“流血事件毫无意义”,文中说我们还没有认识到暴力不能解决问题、流血和痛苦毫无意义,所以历史上的暴力记录并没有教会我们这两点,A,C错误。D选项“一切”和nothing是相反的,所以D错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干关键词“reasonablemen”可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.(真正理智的人知道解决办法在哪里,却发现越来越难得到倾听。他们被鄙视,不信任,甚至被他们的同类迫害,因为他们提倡诸如执法这样明显无法容忍的事情。),说明理智的人倡导法制,却遭到了许多困难。因此D选项“在提倡执法方面遭到困难。”正确。A选项“不被听见”,B选项“被轻视”,C选项“受到迫害”都只是遇到困难的某一个方面,本质上是因为他们提倡执法,所以A,B,C错误。

4.语义推测题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段中It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.(这很像一个著名律师的故事,他煞费苦心地向法官解释他的案子。听了他的长篇辩论,法官抱怨说他并没有因此而变得聪明些。),说明“Hewasnonethewiser”在这里的意思是他听了之后什么也没有得到。因此C选项“听后无所得。”符合题意。A选项“他根本不明智,听不进去”,B选项“他以前一点也不明智”,D选项“他对这场争论毫无意义”都不能表示他听后什么也没有得到的意思,所以A,B,D错误。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.(只要我们在法律框架内工作,真正和持久的解决办法总是可能的。),说明作者认为解决种族歧视的最好方法是法制。因此A选项“法制”正确。B选项“知识”,C选项“非暴力”,D选项“清理暴力的混乱”并不是作者认为解决问题的最好方法,所以B,C,D错误。

2.单选题

ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.

InSeptember,1773,theEastIndiaCompanyPlannedtoship500,000poundsofteatotheirAmericanagentsinportsalongtheAtlanticcoast.WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.TheBoltonTeaPartywasthemostviolentofthesesteps.Followingthisactofrebellion,GovernorHutchinsoncalledit“theboldeststrokewhichhadbeenstruckinAmerica.”

Parliamentrespondedtothisactofdefiancein1774bypassingaseriesofactsknownastheCoerciveActs.TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.

1.Accordingtothepassage,parliamentaryleaders(

).

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

).

3.WhatwastheCoerciveActs?

4.WhatdidtheAmericansdowhentheEastIndiaCompanyplannedtoshipthousandsofpoundsofteatoAmerica?

5.Theword“smuggled”mostlikelymeans(

).

问题1选项

A.importedteafromSouthCarolina

B.weregreatteadrinkers

C.misjudgedtheAmericancolonist

D.fearedthattheywouldhavetobuycheaptea

问题2选项

A.theAmericanswantedtobuyteafromHolland

B.teainHollandwascheaperthanthatinEngland

C.thecrowdwasgrowingmorepatient

D.theAmericansagreedtotheimpositionofthetax

问题3选项

A.TheyweredesignedtohelppaythecostofprotectingthecoloniesfromtheIndians.

B.TheyweretopermittheEastIndiaCompanytoshipteadirectlytoAmericanports

C.Theywereaseriesofactsknownasthetaxontea

D.TheyweredesignedtoshowAmericansthatEnglandwouldnotbepatientwiththeirresistance

问题4选项

A.Theytriedtodrivethemoutofbusiness

B.TheymedtowelcometheteamerchantsfromtheEastIndiaCompany

C.Theywaitedforthemeetingtodiscussthetaxontea.

D.Theytriedtoacceptportdutiesonimports.

问题5选项

A.togetridof

B.tomakeunabletogetair

C.oortakesth.outofacountrywithoutpaymentoflegalduties

D.tobreakintopiecewithviolenceandnoise

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段,“ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.”,可知议会领导人未能了解美国殖民者。下文就用具体事例说明,他们误以为这些北美殖民者们会购买东印度公司更加便宜的茶叶。可判断出议会的领导人错误地判断了美国殖民者的意图和行为。因此选项C符合题意。

2.判断推理题。根据文章第一段第二句,“TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”,可知他们认为美国人会买便宜合法的东印度公司的茶叶,而不是购买从荷兰走私来的更贵的茶叶。可判断出美国人更愿意从荷兰购买茶叶。因此选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段,“TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.”,可知他们制定这一系列强制性法案的目的是惩罚波士顿,并向美洲各地的殖民者表明,英国不会容忍这种对其权威的反抗。可判断出制定此法案的目的实际上是向美国人表明,英国不会容忍他们的反抗。因此选项D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第二段,“WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.”,可知当殖民者得知东印度公司的计划时,从南卡罗来纳到缅因州的美国港口的当地茶叶商人采取一系列措施使他们破产。可判断出当东印度公司计划向美国运送数千磅茶叶时,美国人企图采取措施让他们破产。因此选项A符合题意。

5.词义理解题。根据文章第一段第二句,“…legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”,可知美国人购买从荷兰走私的更贵的茶叶,而不是合法的东印度公司的茶叶,句子中legal和smuggled形成对比,可知smuggled的意思为“走私的”,可将smuggle解释为将某物输入或输出一个国家而不需要支付合法税款。因此选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Webookedroomsatthehotel(

)weshouldfindnovacanciesonourarrival.

问题1选项

A.whenever

B.if

C.since

D.lest

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法中连词的用法。A项whenever表示“无论何时”;B项if表示“如果;是否”;C项since表示“自从;既然”;D项lest表示“以免,唯恐”,根据句意以及逻辑关系可知,本题正确答案为D项。

4.单选题

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou’llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen—theUniversityofPennsylvania’sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogramsrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool’spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach—arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement—atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

21.Whatcharacterizesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

22.Whatistheauthor’sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

23.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

24.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogramsshouldconsiderrecruiting?

25.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

问题1选项

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

问题2选项

A.Itwillarousestudents’unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

C.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

D.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

问题3选项

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

问题4选项

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

问题5选项

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivesmodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodel.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】21.【选项释义】

Whatcharacterizesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?当今商学院学生的特点是什么?

A.Greaterdiversity.A.更大的多样性。

B.Intellectualmaturity.B.智力成熟。

C.Exceptionaldiligence.C.特别勤奋。

D.Higherambition.D.更大的抱负。

【考查点】事实细节题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词characterizes和businessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday可定位到原文第1段。本段描述了以前商学院里都是“男性、中产阶级和西方人(male,middleclassandWestern)”,而现在商学院教室里有很多女性(female)以及不同种族和民族(awiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationals)的人。第2段第2句提到的“这种明显的多样性(thisapparentdiversity)”很好的概括了现在商学院的学生的特征,A选项“更大的多样性”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】B选项“智力成熟”、C选项“特别勤奋”、D选项“更大的抱负”,原文均未提及,属于无中生有。

22.【选项释义】

Whatistheauthor’sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?对于当前商学院教育,作者的担心是什么?

A.Itwillarousestudents’unrealisticexpectations.A.这会激起学生不切实际的期望。

B.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.B.它强调竞争而不是合作。

C.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.C.它将培养出风格统一的商业领袖。

D.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.D.它侧重于理论而不是实践技能。

【考查点】事实细节题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词theauthor’sconcern和currentbusinessschooleducation定位到原文第2段。本段最后两句提到“但是,这种明显的多样性正日益掩盖(amask)一种新型的一致性(anewtypeofconformity)”,“在性别、肤色和母语的差异背后,存在着共同的(common)态度、期望和雄心,这些都有可能在未来的商业领袖(businessleadersofthefuture)中创造出一群克隆的人(asetofclones)。”由此可知,作者担心的是未来商业领袖们的态度、期望、雄心等过于统一,C选项“它将培养出风格统一的商业领袖”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】A选项“这会激起学生不切实际的期望”、B选项“它强调竞争而不是合作”、D选项“它侧重于理论而不是实践技能”,原文均未提及,属于无中生有。

23.【选项释义】

WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?ValerieGauthier认为多样性的哪个方面是最重要的?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.A.年龄及教育背景。

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.B.社会和专业经验。

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.C.关于商业的态度和方法。

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.D.种族和性别。

【考查点】事实细节题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词aspectofdiversity和ValerieGauthier定位到原文第3段,本段都介绍了ValerieGauthier关于多样性的观点。第3段最后一句提到“但学校很少深入研究真正能让申请者成功的因素,很少深入研究如何创建一个同时包含态度和方法多样性的班级——可以说,在商业环境中,只有这种多样性才是真正重要的。”由此可知,ValerieGauthier认为,在商业环境中,最重要的多样性是“态度和方法多样性”。因此,C选项“关于商业的态度和方法”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“年龄及教育背景”,原文并没有提到“年龄”,而“教育背景”也是现有的遴选标准,原文第3段第3句提到“一个相当狭窄的标准(afairlynarrowsetofcriteria),比如以前的学术背景(prioracademic)”,而不是ValerieGauthier认为的最重要的多样性;

B选项“社会和专业经验”,也是现有的遴选标准,第3段第3句提到“一个相当狭窄的标准(afairlynarrowsetofcriteria),比如……职业表现(careerperformance)”,而不是ValerieGauthier认为的最重要的多样性;

D选项“种族和性别”,可定位到原文第3段第4句,虽然该句提到“种族和性别都可能成为影响因素”,但这是现有遴选标准下的影响因素,并不是ValerieGauthier认为的最重要的多样性。

24.【选项释义】

WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogramsshouldconsiderrecruiting?作者认为MBA项目应该考虑招收哪些申请人?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.A.有商业公司工作经验的申请人。

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.B.具备扎实的数学和统计学知识的申请人。

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.C.来自传统行业以外的申请者。

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.D.来自欠发达地区和区域的申请者。

【考查点】推理判断题

【解题思路】本题询问的是作者关于MBA项目招收申请人的观点,MBA项目培养的都是商业领袖,原文第5段第1句提到“的确,人们似乎确实需要这种多样性可能造就的更全面的领导人(themoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate)。”根据suchdiversitymightcreate往前定位到第4段。第4段最后一句提到Gauthier教授认为商学院“除了(shouldnotjust)从传统行业挑选申请者(beselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectors)”,“也应该(shouldalso)寻找具有政治学、创意艺术、历史或哲学等领域背景的人”。由此可知,作者所说的这种多样性,指的是申请人来自不同的行业背景,不仅有传统行业的,也应该有非传统行业的,C选项“来自传统行业以外的申请者”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】A选项“有商业公司工作经验的申请人”、B选项“具备扎实的数学和统计学知识的申请人”、D选项“来自欠发达地区和区域的申请者”,原文均未提及,属于无中生有。

25.【选项释义】

WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?Mannaz对当前的管理风格有何看法?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.A.它正在消除管理中棘手的方面。

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.B.它鼓励男性和女性高管并肩工作。

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivesmodel.C.它采用了恃强凌弱的首席执行官模式。

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodel.D.它正在转向更加合作的模式。

【考查点】事实细节题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词Mannaz和currentmanagementstyle定位到原文最后一段。本段最后一句提到“据Mannaz说(accordingtoMannaz),最重要的可能是大公司对更具合作性的管理模式(morecollaborativemanagementmodels)越来越感兴趣(theincreasinginterest)”,越来越感兴趣,说明大公司们越来越倾向于采用这种更具合作性的管理模式,D选项“它正在转向更加合作的模式”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“它正在消除管理中棘手的方面”,原文并未提及,该选项属于无中生有;

B选项“它鼓励男性和女性高管并肩工作”,原文并未提及,该选项属于无中生有;

C选项“它采用了恃强凌弱的首席执行官模式”,可定位到最后一段第2句,该句提到“尽管过去那种恃强凌弱的首席执行官(thebully-boychiefexecutiveofold)可能还没有完全被根除”,由此可知,这是Mannaz认为该根除的旧的模式。

5.单选题

Slaughteranddestructionareterriblerealitiesofwar.

问题1选项

A.slab

B.massivekilling

C.slight

D.dimension

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项slab“厚板,平板;混凝土路面;厚片”;B选项massivekilling“大规模的杀戮”;C选项slight“怠慢;轻蔑”;D选项dimension“方面;[数]维;尺寸;次元;容积”。句意:屠杀和破坏是可怕的战争现实。结合此处关键词slaughter“屠宰;大屠杀;(非正式)彻底击败”,得知B选项正确。

6.写作题

Forthisport,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic"MyUnderstandingofGlobalization”.Youshouldwriteatleast200words.

【答案】MyUnderstandingofGlobalization7.单选题

InevertrustedhimbecauseIalwaysthoughtofhimassucha______character.

问题1选项

A.gracious

B.suspicious

C.unique

D.particular

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。gracious“有礼貌的,优美的”;suspicious“可疑的”,unique“独一无二的,唯一的”;particular“特别的”。句意:我一直不相信他,因为我觉得他是一个可疑的人。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Georgeisonlyastalking(),hismotheristherealboss

问题1选项

A.horse

B.cat

C.duck

D.tiger

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项horse“马,骑兵,脚架”;B选项cat“猫,猫科动物”;C选项duck“鸭子,鸭肉”;D选项tiger“老虎,凶暴的人”。stalkinghorse“用以掩人耳目的人(或物),用以掩蔽的事物,(为试探对手支持率而推出的)掩护性候选人”。句意:乔治只是个幌子,他妈妈才是真正的老板。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Loudnoisescanaffectyourhearing.Theycancauseearpain.Evenworse,ifsoundwavesfromveryloudnoisesreachyourinnerear,theycanripandteartissuesneededforhearing.

Oftenearswillhealthemselvesiftheyarenothurttoobadly.Theremayonlybeashorttimeaftertheloudnoisethatyoucannothear.Buthearingcanbelostforeverifthedamageisverybad.Orhearingmaybedamagedsothatyoumayhearsomesounds,butnotothers.Forexample,acarhornmaybeheard,butyoumaynotbeabletohearsomeonespeaking.

Itisasadfact,buttheworldisgettingnoisier.Bigmachinesroar,airconditionerswhir,lawnmowerssnarl,hornsblast,sirensscreech,telephonesring,peopleyell,anddogbark.Noiseisjustabouteverywhere.Yet,ourworldcouldbemadequieter.Everyeffortshouldbemadetodoawaywithloudnoise.Ourhealthdependsuponit.

Onewaytocutdownnoiseistoquietthethingthatmakesthenoise.Forinstance,mufflersoncarexhaustpipescutdownontheamountofnoiseacarmakes.Withoutmufflersyoucouldhardlystandthenoiseofyourowncar.Thatisonereasonwhymufflersareimportant.

Noisecanalsobestoppedinotherways.Onewayistosoakupnoise.Soundwavesbounceoffwallsandceilingsinrooms.Theirechoesaddtothenewsoundsintherooms.Ceilingsmadeoftileswithlittleholesinthemtakeinsoundwavesmuchasspongessoakupwater.Thiscutsroomnoisedownquiteabit.Carpets,curtains,andfurniturealsosoakupsoundwaves.It’safactthatanemptyroomisfullofechoes.Aroomwithfurnitureismuchquieter.

Puttingmachinesonrubberpadscancutdownnoisebykeepingtablesandfloorsfromshakingalongwiththemachines.Theirshakingaddstothenoisefromthemachines.

Noisecanalsobeblockedandstoppedcompletely.Thatmightseemlikethebestwaytostopnoise,butitisnotalwaysso.Forexample,tosoundproofroomsmeansthatwallsandceilingsmustbeverythickandcoveredwithsoundproofingmaterials.Theextrabuildingmaterialswouldmakehomesandapartmentsmoreexpensive.

Cheaperandeasierwaystocutdownonunwantednoiseneedtobedeveloped.

1.Thisarticleismostlyabout().

2.Loudnoisecancause().

3.Inordertosoundproofaroom,thewallsandceilingsmustbevery().

4.Whensoundwavesbounceoffanobject,theymake().

问题1选项

A.carmufflers

B.rubberpads

C.unwantednoise

D.soundproofrooms

问题2选项

A.dizziness

B.headaches

C.sorethroats

D.earpain

问题3选项

A.clean

B.smooth

C.thick

D.colorful

问题4选项

A.ahole

B.anecho

C.ripples

D.ashadow

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文谈论关于噪音的影响以及消除噪音的方式,因此答案为选项C。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词loudnoise可以定位到文章第一段中“Loudnoisescanaffectyourhearing.Theycancauseearpain.”,中文翻译为:噪音会影响你的听力。他们可以引起耳朵疼痛。因此,答案选D。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词tosoundproofaroom,可以定位到文章中“Forexample,tosoundproofroomsmeansthatwallsandceilingsmustbeverythickandcoveredwithsoundproofingmaterials.”,中文翻译为:例如,隔音的房间意味着墙壁和天花板一定很厚,并且覆盖着隔音材料。由此可知C选项正确。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词soundwaves可以定位到文章中“Soundwavesbounceoffwallsandceilingsinrooms.Theirechoesaddtothenewsoundsintherooms.”,中文翻译为:声波从房间的墙壁和天花板反弹。它们的回声给房间增加新的声音。根据语境及句意可知B项正确。

10.单选题

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainaloneaboutHK$3,000,000’sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.ThisamountstosomethinglikeHK$150millionayear,andrepresentsabout4percentoftheshops’totalstock.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevision,two-waymirrorsandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhois,sotospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofshop-lifterisrarelypoor.Hedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthem.Hestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.Whencaught,allareliabletoprosecution,andthedecisionwhethertosendforthepoliceornotisinthehandsofthestoremanager.

Inordertopreventthequiteincrediblegrowthinship-liftingo

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