考研考博-英语-天津天狮学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津天狮学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Sincetheearlynineties,the

trendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demand,always-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer's（

）ratherthanthecompanys.

问题1选项

A.benefit

B.availability

C.suitability

D.convenience

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。句意:九十年代早期开始，大多数公司就倾向于经营随需应变、随时可用的产品和服务。这样为顾客提供了，而不是为公司提供便利。

Suitone’sconvenience对…便利。

2.单选题

Scienceandtechnologyactuallyhelpto（）theusefulandpleasantpartsoftraditionalculture.

问题1选项

A.preserve

B.prevail

C.reserve

D.precede

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意:科学技术实际上有助于保存传统文化中有用的和讨人喜欢的部分。选项中只有A和C有保留，保存的意思。preserve强调保护东西完好无损;reserve指保存储备留作后用。根据句意可知，选项A更符合语境。

3.单选题

Iwas（

）tostudyFrenchyesterday,butIchangedmymind.

问题1选项

A.tobestarting

B.tostart

C.tohavestarted

D.tohavebeenstarting

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态。was/weretohavedone表示“过去计划打算做某事，结果却没做”，was/weretodo表示“过去计划做某事”。由but后面的内容可知此处表示“过去打算做而未做的事”，因此选C。

4.写作题

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthenwriteasummaryofitinEnglishinabout120words.Thesummaryyoumakeshoulddemonstrateyourverbalskillsinorganizingtheoriginalinformationandkeepthewordlimit.WriteyoursummaryontheANSWERSHEET.

Developmentsin19thcenturyEuropeareboundedbytwogreatevents.TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeoutin1789,anditseffectsreverberatedthroughoutmuchofEuropeformanydecades.WorldWarⅠbeganin1914.ItsinceptionresultedfrommanytrendsinEuropeansociety,culture,anddiplomacyduringthelate19thcentury.Inbetweentheseboundaries—theoneopeninganewsetoftrends,theotherbringinglong-standingtensionstoahead—muchofmodernEuropewasdefined.

Europeduringthis125-yearspanwasbothunitedanddeeplydivided.Anumberofbasicculturaltrends,includingnewliterarystylesandthespreadofscience,ranthroughtheentirecontinent.Europeanstateswereincreasinglylockedindiplomaticinteraction,culminatingincontinentwidealliancesystemafter1871.Atthesametime,thiswasthecenturyofgrowingnationalism,inwhichindividualstatesjealouslyprotectedtheiridentitiesandindeedestablishedmorerigorousbordercontrolsthaneverbefore.Finally,theEuropeancontinentwastoanextentdividedbetweentwozonesofdifferentialdevelopment.ChangessuchastheIndustrialRevolutionandpoliticalliberalizationspreadfirstandfastestinWesternEurope—Britain,France,theLowCountries,Scandinavia,and,toanextent,GermanyandItaly.EasternandsouthernEurope,moreruralattheoutsetoftheperiod,changedmoreslowlyandinsomewhatdifferentways.

Europewitnessedimportantcommonpatternsandincreasinginterconnections,butthesedevelopmentsmustbeassessedintermsofnation-statedivisionsand,evenmore,oflargerregions,differences.Sometrends,includingtheongoingimpactoftheFrenchRevolution,ranthroughvirtuallytheentire19thcentury.Othercharacteristics,however,hadashorterlifespan.

Somehistoriansprefertodivide19thcenturyhistoryintorelativelysmallchunks.Thus1789-1815isdefinedbytheFrenchRevolutionandNapoleon;1815-48formsaperiodofreactionandadjustment;1848-1871isdominatedbyanewroundofrevolutionandtheunificationsoftheGermanandItaliannations;and1871-1914,anageofimperialism,isshapedbynewkindsofpoliticaldebateandthepressuresthatculminatedinwar.Overridingtheseimportantmarkers,however,asimplerdivisioncanalsobeuseful.Between1789and1849EuropedealtwiththeforcesofpoliticalrevolutionandthefirstimpactoftheIndustrialRevolution.Between1849and1914afullerindustrialsocietyemerged,includingnewformsofstatesandofdiplomaticandmilitaryalignments.Themid-19thcentury,ineitherformulation,loomsasaparticularlyimportantpointoftransitionwithintheextended19thcentury.

【答案】【参考例文】

TheFrenchRevolutionandWorldWarⅠplayedimportantrolesindevelopmentsin19thcenturyEurope.Social,culturalanddiplomaticfactorsformedmodernEurope.From1789to1914,Europespanwasbothunitedanddeeplydivided.Europeanstateswererelativelystableuntil1871.Atthesametime,nationalismappeared.WesternEuropedevelopedfast,whileEasternandSouthernEuropechangedslowly.Duringthisperiod,sometrendslastedforalongtime,suchastheFrenchRevolution,whileothertrendshadashorterlifeofspan.Somehistoriansprefertodivide19thcenturyhistoryintofourchunks:1789-1815,1815-48,1848-1871,1871-1914.Therewasalsoasimplerandusefuldivision:1789-1849and1849-1914.Ineitherformulation,themid-19thcenturyisanimportantpointoftransitionintheEuropeanhistory.

5.单选题

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigressfromtheattentionsofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80’s),butIndia’shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsarereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedtothehostility.

21.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo______.

22.Studieshaveshownthat______.

23.Accordingtothepassage,atiger’sterritory______.

24.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger______.

25.Theauthorseems______.

问题1选项

A.studythegrowthrateoftigers

B.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

问题2选项

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetigers

C.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

问题3选项

A.remainsunchanged

B.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.expandsasthetigergrowsup

D.isthecauseofmostfights

问题4选项

A.hasbeencarriedtoofar

B.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

D.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

问题5选项

A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

B.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

C.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】21.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“老虎计划的最终目标是……”。定位文章第一段，该段讲述了老虎数量锐减，最后提到ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.（世界自然基金会资助的老虎项目立即启动。建立了9个老虎保护区，有武装警卫保护它们。），可推知老虎被捕杀是其数量剧减的根本原因，因此使老虎免于被杀是野生动物保护基金会的最终目的。B项“保护老虎不被杀害”正确。A项“研究老虎的生长速度”和C项“促进幼虎的繁殖”没提到，属于无中生有。D项“分析老虎的行为模式”在第二段有提及，定位第一句TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.（该项目为来自印度和国外的研究人员提供了研究保护区老虎的机会，并收集了以前无法获得的关于老虎习性的信息）可知，该项并不是这个老虎项目的目标，而是其有利之处，属于张冠李戴。因此，该题选择B项。

22.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“研究表明……”。定位第三段第二句Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.（但研究表明老虎捕捉猎物的成功率仅为1/20）可知，老虎捕捉猎物的成功率很低，所以D项“老虎并不是通常所说的高效的猎手”正确。A项“母老虎在受到攻击之前从不攻击”和B项“母老虎不像其他老虎那样凶猛”没有提到，属于无中生有。定位第二段倒数第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.（但它会根据其他老虎独特的身体气味，尽量避免争夺地盘）可知，C项“一只老虎通常与另一只老虎搏斗以保卫自己的领土”与原文相反，属于反向干扰。因此，该题选择D项。

23.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“根据文章，老虎的领地……”。定位第二段第二句Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.（研究表明，根据年龄、体型和力量，雄性老虎可以控制10到20平方公里的狩猎区域），以及第三句Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.（雄虎的领地包括三到四只雌虎的小领地）可知，一头雄老虎依年龄、体型及力量可以控制10至20公里的狩猎领地，随着老虎的长大，其体型及力量都在增大，其占领的狩猎领地的面积自然也就增大，C项“随着老虎的成长而扩大”正确。A项“保持不变”与原文相反，属于反向干扰。B项“通常由母老虎保护”没有提到，属于无中生有。定位第二段倒数第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.（但它会根据其他老虎独特的身体气味，尽量避免争夺地盘）可知，D项“是大多数打架的原因”也是反向干扰。因此，该题选择C项。

24.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“有些人害怕老虎计划……”。定位最后一段第一句FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.（最近人们开始担心“老虎计划”太成功了），toosuccessful与A项中的carriedtoofar是同样的意思，所以A项“做得太过火”正确。B项“没有得到足够的重视”和C项“没有实现它的目标”与原文相反，属于反向干扰。D项“不值得花这么多钱”没提到，属于无中生有。因此，该题选择A项。

25.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】观点态度题。题干意思是“作者看起来……”。纵观全文，作者对于老虎保护项目没有加入个人的主观色彩，也没有描述主观情感的词语，所以他持的是一种客观的态度。B项“对老虎计划采取实事求是的态度”符合题意。A项“对老虎计划充满热情”、C项“对老虎计划持敌对态度”和D项“对老虎计划感到满意”都是曲解原文。因此，该题选择B项。

6.单选题

StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythatwillleaveshopperswithlighterwalletsbutisabigfinancialwinforstates.

TheSupremeCourt'sopinionThursdayoverruledapairofdecades-olddecisionsthatstatessaidcostthembillionsofdollarsinlostrevenueannually.Thedecisionsmadeitmoredifficultforstatestocollectsalestaxoncertainonlinepurchases.

Thecasesthecourtoverturnedsaidthatifabusinesswasshippingacustomer'spurchasetoastatewherethebusinessdidn'thaveaphysicalpresencesuchasawarehouseoroffice,thebusinessdidn'thavetocollectsalestaxforthestate.Customersweregenerallyresponsibleforpayingthesalestaxtothestatethemselvesiftheyweren'tchargedit,butmostdidn'trealizetheyoweditandfewpaid.

JusticeAnthonyKennedywrotethatthepreviousdecisionswereflawed.“EachyearphysicalpresencerulebecomesfurtherremovedfromeconomicrealityandresultsinsignificantrevenuelossestotheStates,”hewroteinanopinionjoinedbyfourotherjustices.Kennedywrotethattherule“limitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”

Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,sincetheyusuallycollectsalestaxononlinepurchasesalready.Now,rivalswillbechargingsalestaxwheretheyhadn'tbefore.Bigchainshavebeencollectingsalestaxnationwidebecausetheytypicallyhavephysicalstoresinwhateverstateapurchaseisbeingshippedto.A,withitsnetworkofwarehouses,alsocollectssalestaxineverystatethatchargesit,thoughthird-partysellerswhousethesitedon'thaveto.

Untilnow,manysellersthathaveaphysicalpresenceinonlyasinglestateorafewstateshavebeenabletoavoidchargingsalestaxeswhentheyshiptoaddressesoutsidethosestates.SellersthatuseeBayandEtsy,whichprovideplatformsforsmallersellers,alsohavencollectingsalestaxnationwide.UndertherulingThursday,statescanpasslawsrequiringout-of-statesellerstocollectthestate'ssalestaxfromcustomersandsendittothestate.

Retailtradegroupspraisedtheruling,sayingitlevelstheplayingfieldforlocalandonlinebusinesses.Thelosers,saidretailanalystNeilSaunders,areonline-onlyretailers,especiallysmallerones.Thoseretailersmayfaceheadachescomplyingwithvariousstatesalestaxlaws.TheSmallBusiness&EntrepreneurshipCounciladvocacygroupsaidinaastatement,"businessesandinternetentrepreneursarenotwellservedatallbythisdecision.”

1.TheSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaywill（

）.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs2and3thattheoverruleddecisions（

）.

3.AccordingtoJusticeAnthonyKennedy,thephysicalpresencerulehas（

）.

4.WhoaremostlikelytowelcometheSupremeCourtruling（

）.

5.IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday,theauthor（

）.

问题1选项

A.endetterbusiness'revolutionswithstates

B.putmostonlinebusinessinadilemma

C.makemoreonlineshopperspaysalestax

D.forcessomestatestocutsalestax

问题2选项

A.haveledtothedominanceofe-commerce

B.havecostconsumersalotovertheyears

C.werewidelycriticizedbyonlinepurchases

D.wereconsideredupfavorablebystates

问题3选项

A.hinderedeconomicdevelopment

B.broughtprosperitytothecountry

C.harmedfairmarketcompetition

D.boostedgrowthinstatesrevenue

问题4选项

A.Internetentrepreneurs

B.Big-chainowners

C.Third-partysellers

D.Smallretailers

问题5选项

A.givesafactualaccountofitanddiscussesitsconsequences

B.describesthelongandcomplicatedprocessofitsmaking

C.presentsitsmainpointswithconflictingviewsonthem

D.citiessomecasesrelatedtoitandanalyzestheirimplications

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.本题为细节题，根据题干关键字“theSupremeCourtdecisionThursday”定位到原文第一段“StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythat...”前半句已经明确提出各州的在线购物可能要交税，对应选项C，原词“online”加“shoppers”是对“purchase”的同义替换。其他三个选项均为提及。

2.根据题干“learned”可知本题为推理题，根据关键字“theoverruleddecisions”定位到原文第二段的两句，大意为“州政府抱怨以前的政策使每年税收损失惨重，因此以前的政策很难再收取网上营业税”两句表示出的意思都是对州政府的不利，对比四个选项，得出答案D，州政府认为原政策对州会不利，因此驳回这项决定会对州有利，为正话反说。

3.本题为细节题，根据题干关键词“JusticeAnthonyKennedy”“thephysicalpresencerule”定位到原文第四段的第二句和第三句，大意为实体店规定导致州政府税收亏损，接着下一句Kennedywrotethattherule“limitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”该规定限制了各州长期繁荣，并妨碍市场参与者参与公平竞争。对比四个选项，C选项为“破坏了公平市场竞争”和原文“competing”“marketparticipants”一一对应，为正确答案。

4.根据题干“likely”得出本题为推理题，利用关键词“welcometheSupremeCourtruling”定位到原文第五段第一句“Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,since...”对于大公司来说这项规定是一种胜利，因为……只需找到关键词“bigchain”即可选出B选项：大型连锁公司。

5.本题为主旨题，需找出作者的相应观点与论证，根据题干关键词“IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday”回顾每段首尾句，推测每段大意。第一段讲述最高法院通过了征收在线营业税的决定，第二段介绍之前的裁决及后果是对州政府不利的，第三段介绍了原来裁决涉及到的案例，第四段陈列了法官的观点，即以前的裁决是有问题的，第五段主要讲述新判决会对大型连锁超市产生有利的影响，第六段讲述新裁决对州外卖价的影响，第七段表示新的判决得到零售界的肯定，因此本文的思路为：首段引出新判决，二三四段列举相关案例，五六七段对其影响进行讲述，对比四个选项，得出D：作者在讲述这个判决时引用了相关案例并分析了它们的影响。

7.单选题

Thediscrepantinthecompanyaccountsisso（）thatnoauditorcouldhavefailedtonoticeit.

问题1选项

A.spontaneous

B.conspicuous

C.notorious

D.superfluous

【答案】B

【解析】考查同形词词义辨析。spontaneous“自发的；无意识的”；conspicuous“显而易见的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；superfluous“多余的；奢侈的”，根据that后面的内容“任何一个审计员都能够发现”可知此处的discrepant“差异”非常明显，所以此处应该使用conspicuous。句意：这个公司账目上的不符非常……，任何一个审计员都能够发现。故正确答案为选项B。

8.单选题

Feelingmoreandmore______,Nikiembracedthevibrantandstrong-wingedbutterflyashersymbolofnew-foundindependence.

问题1选项

A.cynical

B.abridged

C.accessible

D.autonomous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项cynical“愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲的”，B项abridged“删节的，削减的”，C项accessible“易接近的，可进入的”，D项autonomous“自治的，自主的”。由independence（独立）可知，对应D项符合。句意：感觉越来越自主，尼基接受了充满活力和有强壮翅膀的蝴蝶作为她新获得的独立的象征。因此，该题选择D项。

9.翻译题

世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果，这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己动手去操作，自己细心体察。这样。他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥秘。

【答案】Thefirstgenerationofmuseumsisnaturemuseumintheworld,whichshowspeopletheevolutionoftheearthandthelivingthingswithfossilsandsamplesspecimen.Thesecondgenerationofmuseumsismuseumsofindustrialtechnology,whichshowthestageeffectsofindustrialcivilization.Thesetwomuseumsplaytheroleofspreadingscienceandknowledge,butthevisitorsaretreatedaspassivespectators.

Thethirdgenerationofmuseumsismuseumsoftotalnewideas,wherethevisitorscanoperatethedisplayedobjectsandobserveeverythingcarefully.Inthisway,theyaremoreclosetotheadvancedtechnologyandareabletoexplorethesecretsofscienceandtechnology.

10.单选题

（）thedisappearanceoftheMayanempire,therearestillMayansintheregioninwhichtheyonceinhabited.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.As

C.But

D.For

【答案】A

【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管玛雅帝国消失，但是，他们曾经居住的地区仍然有玛雅人。结合语境，“therearestillMayans仍然还有玛雅人”与“disappearance消失”是对比关系，后半句是完整的句子，故A为正确答案。

11.单选题

Rainwaterhasbegunto（

）theroofofmyhouse.

问题1选项

A.transfer

B.penetrate

C.urge

D.ventilate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。transfer“转让，转移”；penetrate“渗透，刺入”；urge“催促，推进，鼓励”；ventilate“使通风，使换气”。句意：雨水开始渗透进我房子的屋顶。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Allthedoctor’seffortswere______andthepatientsoondied.

问题1选项

A.intears

B.invain

C.inturn

D.inall

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项intears“流着泪”；B选项invain“无效”；C选项inturn“轮流；依次；反过来”；D选项inall“总共，合计”。句意：医生的所有努力都是______，病人很快就死了。根据语境，医生的努力没有成功救回病人，invain“无效”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

13.单选题

ThemosteffectivewayIknowtoimproveyourwritingistodofreewritingexercisesregularly.Atleastthreetimesaweek.Theyaresometimescalled“automaticwriting”，“babbling”,or“jabbering”exercises.Theideaissimplytowritefortenminutes(lateron,perhapsfifteenortwenty).Don’tstopforanything.Goquicklywithoutrushing.Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething,towonderwhatwordorthoughttouse,ortothinkaboutwhatyouaredoing.Ifyoucan’tthinkofawordorspelling,justuseasquiggleorelsewrite,“Ican’tthinkofit.”Justputdownsomething.Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind.Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant;orrepeatthelastwordyouwroteoverandoveragain;oranythingelse.Theonlyrequirementisthatyouneverstop.

Whathappenstoafreewritingexerciseisimportant.Itmustbeapieceofwritingwhich,evenifsomeonereadsit,doesn’tsendanyripplesbacktoyou.Itislikewritingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.Theteacherlessclasshelpsyourwritingbyprovidingmaximumfeedback.Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall.WhenIassignone,Iinvitethewritertoletmereadit.Butalsotellhimtokeepitifheprefers.IreaditquicklyandmakenocommentsatallandIdonotspeakwithhimaboutit.Themainthingisthatafreewritingmustneverbeevaluatedinanyway;infacttheremustbenodiscussionorcommentatall.

Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense.Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting.Butthat’sitsdownfalltoo.Almosteverybodyinterposesamassiveandcomplicatedseriesofeditingsbetweenthetimethewordsstarttobebornintoconsciousnessandwhentheyfinallycomeoftheendofthepencilortypewriterontothepage.Thisispartlybecauseschoolingmakesusobsessedwiththe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingisencouragedaboutfreewriting?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thephrase“getstuck”isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

4.Theauthorbelievesthatcomparedwithspeaking,writing（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTageneralpracticeinfreewriting,accordingtotheauthor?

问题1选项

A.Topointouttheonlyeffectivewayofimprovingwriting.

B.Torevealthecrazyfeatureof“automaticwriting”.

C.Tourgereaderstotrytodofreewritingexercisesregularly.

D.Todescribetheprocessoffreewriting

问题2选项

A.Thinkingaboutspellingandgrammaraswetrytowrite.

B.Teachersaresupposedtoprovidefeedbackormakecommentsaboutapieceofwriting.

C.Crossoutthoseideasthatseemtobeambiguous.

D.Neverworryaboutthe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.

问题3选项

A.Unabletodoanymoreofsomethingthatyouareworkingonbecauseitistoodifficult

B.Fixedinaparticularpositionandimpossibletomove

C.Unabletoescapefromaboringsituation

D.Startdoingsomethingeagerlyandwithalotofenergy.

问题4选项

A.hastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting

B.functionsmoreasaconsciousprocessofcorrecting“mistake”

C.isjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind

D.makesmoresensethansimplyputtingdownwords

问题5选项

A.Writingdownwhateverisinyourmind.

B.Payingnoattentiontospelling,dictionorgrammarwhilewriting.

C.Writingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.

D.Ignoringallpossiblemistakeswhilewriting.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:作者意图题。文章首先介绍了自由写作，包括其注意事项以及方式和特征，在最后一段的开头也强调:Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense(自由写作也许看起来非常疯狂，但是这里面的道理很简单)。最后对比了学校的写作教育和自由写作，因此B项“揭示自由写作”比较符合文章的目的。

第2题:细节事实题。A:写作时思考拼写和语法。B:老师应该对一篇文章做出反馈或评论。C:把那些看起来模棱两可的想法去掉。D:永远不要担心写作时会“犯错”。第一段指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下来去回顾已经写的内容，去划掉一部分，去思考单词该怎么拼写)，因此A项跟C项不是自由写作所鼓励的。由“Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall(自由写作通过不提供任何的反馈来达到帮助的目的)”可知B项也不是自由写作所鼓励的，故选D。

第3题:词义题。“getstuck”出现在第一段:Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant(如果你getstuck，你可以直接写我不知道该写什么”)。由此推断出文章中的getstuck指的是在写作过程中遇到困难，不知道该写什么内容以及不知道该怎么写，故答案选项为A。

第4题:细节事实题。Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting(思考一下说话和写作之间的区别。写作的优点是可以写下很多)，A项是对此句的同义转述，故选A。

第5题:细节事实题。第一段指出:Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind(最简单的就是把出现在脑海中的东西都写下来)，由此可知A是自由写作的训练方法之一。第一段还指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下来去回顾已经写的内容，去划掉一些部分，去思考单词该怎么拼写)，最后一段指出:Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords(许多人在写作的时候都会频繁地去思考拼写和语法的问题。我在写东西的时候通常会去思考词不达意、冗长、模糊不清等方面的问题)。由此可知B和D属于自由写作的训练方法，而C项误解了文章中的比喻修辞手法，因此答案选C。

14.单选题

Theprisonerwas（

）ofhiscivillibertyforthreeyears.

问题1选项

A.discharged

B.derived

C.deprived

D.dispatched

【答案】C

【解析】

考查动词辨析。discharge卸下，放出；derivefrom源自；deprive丧失，剥夺；dispatch派遣，分派。句意：这位囚犯被剥夺了三年的个人自由。C项符合句意。答案C。

15.填空题

Directions:Youaregoingtoreadsomeinformationaboutsomecompanies.Forquestions21-30,choosefromthecompanies(A-H).Someofthecompaniesmaybechosenmorethanonce.Whenmorethanoneanswerisrequired,thesemaybegiveninanyorder.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(O).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Whichcompanyorcompanies:

isproudoftheirresearchprogramme?(O)(F)

dealswithcommunicationlinks?(21)()

ispartlyownedbythemanagement?(22)()

statesitdoesnotworkinEurope?(23)()

statesitisconcernedwiththewholefamily?(24)()

profitfromnaturalresources?(25)()(26)()

directlyexchangemoney?(27)()(28)()

makemedicine?(29)()(30)()