定语从句练习试题带答案解析

一定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用‘⋯⋯的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）词也可以做定语。

定语、分abeautifulcity;abagfullofmoney. 注意：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，thirtywomenteachers;hisfather;thegirlinred.theboyfromAmericaOurmonitorisalwaysthefirststudenttoentertheclassroom.fallingleaves;fallenleaves;theboyplayingbasketball;thebookboughtbymymother;areadingroom;aswimmingpoolHeisthemanwhoyouarelookingfor.二：定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。which,who,whom,whose,as 等；关系副词有 when,where,why.1.Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethat/whichisred. ↑↑

关系代词有

that,先行词 关系代词likesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ilikefriendswholikesports.↑↑先行词 关系代词likemusic.Themusicisquiet.Ilikemusicthat/whichisquiet.↑↑先行词 关系代词关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句，连接主从句； B、代替先行词；从句中担当一个成分。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.2

C、在定语．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.注意：关系代词 whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who来代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthe（一）限制性定语从句中只能用pen(which)heboughtyesterday.Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.

。4．That即可指人，也可指物 .。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Thenumberofpeoplethat /whocometovisit this city eachyearreachesonemillion.Whereisthemanthat /whomIsawthis morningThepersonthat /whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.5．Whose即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Ivisited ascientist whosenameisknownall over

thecountry.

Hehasafriend

whosefatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.DoyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellowDoyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellowthat 引导定语从句的情况1．当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something 除外),all, none,few,little,some等不定代词时，或当先行词受 every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much 等不定代词修饰时。如：HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.LisaidThereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone. 。ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.Hestayedinthelibraryandlookedupanyinformationthattheyneeded.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词 who，如：Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon ’tdosuchathing.Allthegueststhatwhowereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4．当先行词被 thevery,theonly 修饰时。如：ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词 who。如：WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting.5．当先行词前面有 who,which 等疑问代词时。如：WhoisthemanthatisstandingbythegateWhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost6．当先行词为人与物时。如：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool（三）关系副词引导的定语从句1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。当先行词是表时间的名词，比如time,day,week,month,year等；且定语从句中缺时间状语时用when.若先行词是表时间的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallyarrived.DoyouremembertheyearswhenhelivedinthecountrysidewithhisgrandpareDoyourememberthedays（that/which）wespenttogetherlastyearIwillneverforgetthedayswhenwespentourholidaystogether.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。若先行词是表地点的名词，比如park,city,farm,place等；且定语从句中缺地点状语时用where.若先行词是表地点的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.上海是我出生的城市。ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Ivisitedthefarmwherealotofcowswereraised.Shanghaiisthecity(which/that)Iwanttovisit.Iknowaplacewherewecanhaveapicnic.Iknowaplacewhich/thatisfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。若先行词是reason;且定语从句中缺原因状语时，用why引导。若先行词是reason，定语从句中缺主语或宾语，用which/that引导。Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.Ididn’tbelievethereason(that/which)heexplainedtome注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：Fromtheyearswhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoprimaryschoolinthecountryhehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive.Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.（四）“介词+关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazineforwhichyouasked.Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtenniswithyesterday.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/who/that)wehaveoftentalkedabout.We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.ThemanagerwhosecompanyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.ThemanagerinwhosecompanyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.注意：１．含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开，lookafter,takecareof 等。

介词仍放在短语动词的后面。

如：look

for,Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.(正)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(误)Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.（误）２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(正)Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(误)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.(正)TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.(误)３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。如：Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.注意事项:如何判断关系代词和关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）（错）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（错）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（对）Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.（对）I'llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysagoA.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheldA.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone 答案：关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，(who,whom,that,which,whose) ；

先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，

选择关系代词先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词

( where地点状语，

when

时间状语，

why

原因状语) 。（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。译法上：译成先行词的定语： “．．．的”关系词的使用上： A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用thatC ．可用who代替whom非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用thatC．不可用who代替whom限制性定语从句举例：TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.InthestreetIsawamanwhowasfromAfrica.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.（二）关系代词 as和which 引导的定语从句as和which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。Heishonest,as/whichwecansee. 他很诚实， 这一点我们看得出来。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外， as常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如：Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Heisfromthesouth,aswecanknowfromhisaccent.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.ZhangHuahasbeentoParismorethantentimes,whichIdon ’tbelieve.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用 which。如：Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.Thesetablesaremadeofmetal,whichmadethemveryheavy.1. 当先行词受 such,so,thesame 修饰时，关系词常用 as。如：I’veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary ’swedding.Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.(三)

以theway为先行词时，若定语从句中缺方式状语，定语从句通常由

inwhich或that引导，而且还可以省略。若定语从句中缺主语或宾语，用（ that/which ）引导定语从句。Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youlaughather.Idon’tliketheway(that/which)hetoldme.做定语从句题一般分三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。Exercises:arethreebedroomsinthehouse,_____isMary's.AthesmallestofwhichBthesmallerofwhichCthesmallestofthemDthesmallestoneGreens will moveinto the newhousenextMonday,_____it

will

becompletelyfinished.AbythetimeBbywhichtimeCbythattimeDbythistimehasalargecollectionofphone,_____wastakeninlondon.AnoneofthemBnooneofwhichCallofwhichDnoneofwhichthe fast development ofagriculture, thepeople ____village Itaught before livedahappylife.AwhoBwhoseCinwhoseDinwhichisamoutain____thetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow.AwhoseBofwhichCit'sDthatmayhavemissedhertrain,in____caseshewon'tarriveforanotherhour.AwhatBthatCwhichDthisIhavethreechildren,andtwoof_____aredoctors.2)Ihavethreechildren,twoof____aredoctors.twothousandstudentsinourschool,____aregirls.Atwo-thirds in whichBtwo-thirds inthemCtwo-thirds ofthemDofwhomtwothirdshaveboughttwoballpens,_____writeswell.1---6ABDCBC7----9BDDC）特殊结构定语从句点击Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice________peopleexpected.A.likeB.asC.thatD.whichI'veneverheardsointerestingastory________youtoldme.I'veseenthesamefilm________yousawyesterday.A.thatB.whichC.asD.likeI'llbuythesamecoat________youwear.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,________ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis6.________isknowntoeverybody, themoontravels roundtheearth onceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.WhatThisisthefirsttime________hehasbeenhere.A.thatB.whenC.atwhichD.whichIdon'tlike________youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.theywayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich答案与简析：1.B。当先行词被 such修饰时，定语从句用 as引导，即构成结构为 "such+（a/an）＋形容词＋名词＋as"引导的定语从句，意为 "...... 像...... 一样的"。整个句子意为：这些房屋以人们原来估计的那样低的价格出售。2.A。由sointerestingastory=suchaninterestingstory 和上面一题的解释便可得知答案。as在定语从句中作宾语。整句意为：我从未听说过像你告诉我那样有趣的故事。3.A4.C。当先行词被 same修饰时，定语从句由 that 或as引导，但意思不同。用 that 引导定语从句指同一物，而用 as引导定语从句指同类事物。A。做此题的关键是要知道Ithink在定语从句中作插入语，做题时将其去掉便可容易得到答案。B。Ａs在此引导非限制性定语从句，代表它所修饰的整个句子内容，并且它可放在所修饰句子的前、中或后面。其常见结构如：asyouknow,asissaidabove,asisoftenthecase（情况经常是这样）等。如选Ａ，则需将逗号改为that；如选D，则需将逗号改为isthat。7.A。当先行词为 thefirsttime,thelasttime 等时，定语从句的引导词用 that 而不用when。8.A

。当先行词为

way时，定语从句的引导词用

that

或

inwhich,

也可省略。定语从句1．Thisisthebestfactory____wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.thatthisthefactory____computersarebuiltA.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inthatpassmethedictionary____coverisred.A.whoseC.whichD.whichofman____hasarrived.A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyouC.whomItoldyouabouthimD.ItoldyouaboutDoyouknowthecomrade____wearetalkingA.towhomB.towhoC.whomD.tothatTheyvisitedthehouse___thegreatwriterwasborn.A.fromwhereB.inwhichC.whichD.inwhereThecomrade___isspeakingatthemeetingismyteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whoseHeaskedustowatchcarefullyeverything___hedidinclass.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whereI’llvisittheprofessortomorrow,___hewillbebackfromShanghai.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.whichschool___Istudyisanewone.A.onwhichB.atwhereC.onthatD.atwhichChinahasmanyislands,____thelargestisTaiwan.A.inwhichB.atwhichC.whichD.ofwhichThecity____mymothergrewupisnotfarfromhere.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.whichOurteacherlivesinthehouse____doorfacestothenorth.Doyouknowtheman___yourfathernoddedA.whomB.towhomC.towhoD.aboutwhomisasportin___peopleeasilygethurt.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.what16.Itoldyou____Iknow.A.allthatB.allwhichC.allwhatD.allwhomhasalotoffamouswriters,one___isLuXun.A.ofwhichB.ofwhomC.ofwhoD.ofthem18.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastyearA.inwhichB.aroundthatC.whomD.theoneWhoistheman____wasthereA.whoB.whichC.thatD.whomIsthereanything____Icandoforyou,sirA.thatB.whichC.whoseD.whoIstillremembertheday____shefirstworethatgreendress.A.whichB.inwhichC.onthatD.onwhichTheknife____weusedtocutthebreadisverysharp.Thegames____theyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.A.inwhichB.whichC.itD.whorainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_____lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which历届高考英语单项选择题定语从句精选parentswouldn’/r/