2019年6月六级考试试卷第一套

2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmotivationandmethodsinlearning.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.本人有四六级2000年到2019年6月份的试卷电子版及答案解析平时空闲时间看看挺好需要的加我QQ：3404336774PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked,B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)whyRomanHolidaywasmorefamousthanBreakfastatTiffany's.whyAudreyHepburnhadmorefemalefansthanmaleones.WhythewomanwantedtobelikeAudreyHepburn.whysomanygirlsadoredAudreyHepburn.A)Heruniquepersonality.Herphysicalcondition.Hershiftofinteresttoperformingarts.Herfamily'ssuspensionoffinancialaid.A)Shewasnotanoutgoingperson.ShewasmodestandhardworkingShewaseasy-goingonthewhole.Shewasusuallynotveryoptimistic.A)Shewasinfluencedbytherolessheplayedinthefilms.Herparentstaughthertosymbolizewiththeneedy.Shelearnedtovolunteerwhenshewasachild.Herfamilybenifitedfromotherpeople'shelp.Questions5to8arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard・A)Giveapresentation.Risesomequestions.Startanewcompany.Ateedaboardmeeting.A)Itwillcutproductioncosts.Itwillraiseproductivities.Nostaffwilllbedismissed.Nonewstaffwillbehired.A)Thetimelineofrestructuring.Thereasonsforrestructuring.Thecommunicationchannels.Thecompany'snewmissions.A)Byconsultingtheirowndepartmentmanagers.Byemailingquestionstothemanorthewoman.Byexploringvariouschannelsofcommunication.Byvisitingthecompany'sowncomputernetwork.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Ithelpspassengerstotakecareoftheirpetanimals.Ithasanimalstohelppassengerscarrytheirlanguage.Itusestherapyanimalstosoothenervouspassengers.Itallowspassengerstohaveanimaltravelwiththem.A)Avoidingpossibledangers.Findingtheirwayaround.Identifyingdrugsmugglers.Lookingaftersickpassengers.A)Scheduletheirflightsaroundtheanimalvisits.Photographthetherapyanimalsattheairport.Keepsomeanimalsfortherapeuticpurposes.Bringtheiranimalsonboardtheirplane.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)BesideabeautifullypaintedwallinArles.BesidethegateofanancientRomancity.AtthesiteofanancientRomanmansion.AttheentrancetoareceptionhallinRome.A)Anumberofdifferentimages.B)Anumberofmythologicalheroes.C)Variousmusicalinstruments.D)PaintingsbyfamousFrenchartists.A)Theoriginalityandexpertiseshown.B)Theworldlysophisticationdisplayed.Thestunningimagesvividlydepicted.D)Theimpressiveskillsandcostlydyes.A)Hisartistictasteissuperb.B)Hisidentityremainsunclear.Hewasacollectorofantiques.D)HewasarichItalianmerchant.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Theyencourageinternationalcooperation.Theylaystressonbasicscientificresearch.Theyplacegreatemphasisonempiricalstudies.Theyfavourscientistsfromitsmembercountries.A)Manyofthemwishtowininternationalrecognition.Theybelievethatmorehandswillmakelightwork.Theywanttofollowcloselytheinternationaltrend.Manyoftheirprojectshavebecomecomplicated.A)Itrequiresmathematicianstoworkindependently.Itisfacedwithmanyunprecedentedchallenges.Itlagsbehindotherdisciplinesincollaboration.Itcallsformoreresearchfundingtocatchup.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)ScientiststriedtosendaballoontoVenus.ScientistsdiscoveredwateronVenus.ScientistsfoundVenushadatmosphere.ScientistsobservedVenusfromaspacevehicle.A)ItresemblesEarthinmanyaspects.Itisthesameasfictionhasportrayed.Itisaparadiseofromanceforalienlife.ItundergoesgeologicalchangeslikeEarth.A)Itmighthavebeenhotterthanitistoday.Itmighthavebeenacozyhabitatforlife.ItusedtohavemorewaterthanEarth.Itusedtobecoveredwithrainforests.Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Causesofsleeplessness.Cross-culturalcommunication.Culturalpsychology.Motivationandpositivefeelings.A)Theyattachgreatimportancetosleep.Theyoftenhavetroublefallingasleep.Theypaymoreattentiontosleepefficiency.TheygenerallysleeplongerthanEastAsians.A)Byaskingpeopletoreporttheirsleephabits.Byobservingpeople'ssleeppatternsinlabs.Byhavingpeoplewearmotion-detectingwatches.Byvideotapingpeople'sdailysleepingprocesses.A)Ithasmaderemarkableprogressinthepastfewdecades.Ithasnotyetexploredthecross-culturalaspectofsleep.Ithasnotyetproducedanythingconclusive.Ithasattachedattentionallovertheworld.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Pastaisnolongeroffthemenu,afteranewreviewofstudiessuggestedthatthecarbohydratecanformpartofahealthydiet,andevenhelppeopleloseweight.Foryears,nutritionistshaverecommendedthatpastabekepttoa26,tocutcalories,preventfatbuild-upandstopbloodsugar27up.Thelow-carbohydratefoodmovementgavebirthtosuchdietsastheAtkins,PaleoandKeto,whichadvisedswappingfoodslikebread,pastaandpotatoesforvegetables,fishandmeat.Morerecentlythetrendofswappingspaghettiforvegetableshasbeen28byclean-eatingexperts.Butnowa29reviewandanalysisof30studiesbyCanadianresearchersfoundthatnotonlydoespastanotcauseweightgain,butthreemealsaweekcanhelppeopledropmorethanhalfakilogramoverfourmonths.Thereviewersfoundthatpastahadbeenunfairlydemonized妖魔化)becauseithadbeen30inwithother,moreft-promotingcarbohydrates.“Thestudyfoundthatpastadidn't3toweightgainorincreaseinbodyfht,"saidleadauthorDrJohnSievenpiper.“In32theevidence,wecannowsaywithsomeconfidencethatpastadoesnothavean33effectonbodyweighoutcomeswhenitisconsumedaspartofahealthydietarypattern."Infact,analysisactuallyshowedasmallweighloss34toconcerns.perhapspastacanbepartofahealthydiet.Thoseinvolvedinthe35trialsonaverageate3.3servingsofpastaaweekinsteadofothercarbohydrates,oneservingequalingaroundhalfacup.Theylostaroundhalfakilogramoveranaveragefollow-upof12weeks.adversechampionedCclinicalcontrarycontributeintimatelumpedmagnifiedminimumJ)radiatingK)rationshootingM)subscribeN)systematicO)weighingSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2・TheBestRetailersCombineBricksandClicksRetailprofitsarefallingsharply.Storesareclosing.Mallsareemptying.Thedepressingstoriesjustkeepcoming.ReadingtheearningsannouncementsoflargeretailstoreslikeMacy's,Nordstrom,andTargetisaboutasupliftingasatourofanintensivecareunit.Theinteractisapparentlytakingdownyetanotherindustry.Brickandmortarstores实体店)seemtobegoingthewayoftheyellowpages.Sureenough,theCensusBureaujustreleaseddatashowingthatonlineretailsalessurged15.2percentbetweenthefirstquarterof2015andthefirstquarterof2016.Butbeforeyoudumpallofyourretailstocks,therearemorefactsyoushouldconsider.Lookingonlyatthat15.2percent"surge"wouldbemisleading.Itwasanincreasethatwasonasmallbaseof6.9percent.Evenwhenatinynumbergrowsbyalargepercentageterms,itisoftenstilltiny.Morethan20yearsaftertheinternetwasopenedtocommerce,theCensusBureautellsusthatbrickandmortarsalesaccountedfor92.3percentofretailsalesinthefirstquarterof2016.Theirdatashowthatonly0.8percentofretailsalesshiftedfromofflinetoonlinebetweenthebeginningof2015and2016.So,despiteallthetalkaboutdrone无人机)deliveriestoyourdoorstep,alltheretailexecutivesexpressinganxietyoverconsumersgoingonline,andevenaPresidentialcandidateexclaimingthatAmazonhasa"hugeantitrustproblem,"theCensusdatasuggestthatphysicalretailisthriving.Ofcourse,theclosedstores,depressedexecutives,andsinkingstockssuggestotherwise.What'stherealstory?Manyfirmsoperatingbrickandmortarstoresareintrouble.Theretailindustryisgettingreinvented,aswedescribeinournewbookMatchmakers.It'sstandinginthePathofwhatSchumpetercalledagale大风)ofcreativedestruction.Thatstormhasbeenbrewingforsometime,andasithasreachedgaleforce,mostlargeretailersaresearchingforaresponse.AstheCFOofMacy'sputitrecently,“We'refranklyscratchingourheads."Butit'snothappeningasexpertspredicted.Ibubble,brickandmortarretailwasoneofthoseindustriestheinternetwasgoingtokill-andquickly.Thedot.cornbustdiscreditedmostpredictionsofthatsortandintheyearsthatfollowed,onventionalretailers'confidenceinthefutureincreasedasCensuscontinuedtoreportweakonlinesales.Andthenthegalehit.Itisbecomingincreasinglyclearthatretailreinventionisn'tasimplebattletothedeathbetweenbricksandclicks.Itisaboutdevisingretailmodelsthatworkforpeoplewhoaremakingincreasinguseofagrowingarrayofinternet-connectedtoolstochangehowtheysearch,shop,andbuy.Creativeretailersareusingthenewtechnologiestoinnovatejustabouteverythingstoresdofrommanaginginventory,tomarketing,togettingpaid.Morethandronesdroppinganewsupplyofunderwearonyourdoorstep,Apple'smassivelysuccessfulbrick-and-mortar-and-glassretailstoresandAmazon'ssmallstepsinthesamedirectionarewhatshouldkeepold-fashionedretailersawakeatnight.Nottomentionthelargenumberofcreativenewretailers,likeBonobos,thatareblendingonlineandofflineexperiencesincreativeways.Retailreinventionisnotasimpleprocess,andit'salsonothappeningonwhatusedtobecalled"InternetTime."Someinternet-drivenchangeshavehappenedquickly,ofcourse.Craigslistquicklyovertooknewspaperclassifiedadsandturnednewspapereconomicsupsidedown.Butmanywidelyanticipatedchangesweren'tquick,andsomehaven'treallystarted.Withthebenefitofhindsight(后见之明),itlooksliketheinteractwilltransformtheeconomyatsomethinglikethepaceofothergreatinventionslikeelectricity.B2Bcommerce,forexample,didn'tmovemainlyonlineby2005asmanyhadpredictedin2000,norevenby2016,butthatdoesn'tmeanitwon'tdosooverthenextfewdecades.Butthegaleisstillblowing.Thesuddendeclineinfoottrafficinrecentyears,eventhoughithasn'tbeenaccompaniedbyamassivedeclineinphysicalsales,isacriticalwarning.Peoplecanshopmoreefficientlyonlineandthereforedon'tneedtogotoasmanystorestofindwhattheywant.There'sasurplusofphysicalshoppingspaceforthecrowds,whichisonereasonwhystoresaredownsizingandclosing.Theriseofthemobilephonehasrecentlyaddedanewlevelofcomplexitytotheprocessofretailreinvention.Evenfiveyearsagomostpeoplefacedachoice.Sitatyourcomputer,probablyathomeorattheoffice,searchandbrowse,andbuy.Orheadouttothemall,orMainStreet,lookandshop,andbuy.Now,justabouteveryonehasasmartphone,connectedtotheinternetalmosteverywherealmostallthetime.Evenwhenaretailergetsacustomertowalkinthestore,shecaneasilyseeifthere'sabetterdealonlineoratanotherstorenearby.Sofar,themainthingmanylargeretailershavedoneinresponsetoallthisistoopenonlinestores,sopeoplewillcometothemdirectlyratherthantoAmazonanditssmalleronlinerivals.Manyarehavingthesameproblemthatnewspapershave.Eveniftheygetonlinetraffic,theystruggletomakeenoughmoneyonlinetocompensateforwhattheyarelosingoffline.Afewseemtobemakingthiswork.Amonglargetraditionalretailers,Walmartrecentlyreportedthebestresults,leadingitsstockpricetosurge,whileMacy's,Target,andNordstrom'sdropped.YetWalmart'syear-over-yearonlinesalesonlygrew7percent,leadingitsCEOtolament(哀叹)，“Growthhereistooslow."PartoftheproblemisthatalmosttwodecadesafterAmazonfiledtheone.clickpatent,theonlineretailshoppingandbuyingexperienceisfilledwithfrictions.Arecentstudygradedmorethan600internetretailersonhoweasyitwasforconsumerstoshop,buy,andpay.Almosthalfofthesitesdidn'tgetapassinggradeandonly18percentgotanAorB.TheturmoilonthegroundinphysicalretailishardtosquarewiththeCensusdata.Unfortunately,partoftheexplanationisthattheCensusretaildataareunreliable.Ourdeep100kintothosedataandtheirpreparationrevealedseriousproblems.ItseemslikelythatCensussimplymisclassifiesalargechunkofonlinesales.ItiscertainthattheCensusprocedures,whichlumptheonlinesalesofmajortraditionalretailerslikeWalmartwith^non-storeretailers"1ikefoodtrucks.canmaskmajorchangesinindividualretailcategories.Thebureaucouldeasilypresenttheirdatainmoreusefulways.buttheyhavechosennotto.Despitetheturmoil,brickandmortarwon'tdisappearanytimesoon.Thebigquestionsarew(th,ifany,ofthelargetraditionalretailerswillstillbeonthesceneinadecadeortwobecausetheyhavesuccessfullyreinventedthemselves,whichnewplayerswilloperatebusystoresonMainStreetsandmaybeeveninshoppingmalls,andhowtheshoppingandbuyingexperiencewillhavechangedineachretailcategory.Investorsshouldn'twriteoffbrickandmortar.Whethertheyshouldbetonthetraditionalplayerswhorunthosestoresnowisanothermatter.36.Althoughonlineretailinghasexistedforsometwentyyears,nearlyhalfoftheinternetretailersstillfailtoreceivesatisfactoryfeedbackfromconsumers,accordingtoarecentsurvey.37.Innovativeretailersintegrateinternettechnologieswithconventionalretailingtocreatenewretailmodels.38.DespitewhattheCensusdatasuggest,thevalueofphysicalretail'sstockshasbeendropping.39.Innovative—drivenchangesintheretailindustrydidn'ttakeplaceasquicklyaswidelyanticipated.Statisticsindicatethatbrickandmortarsabsstillmadeupthelion'sshareoftheretailbusiness.Companiesthatsuccessfullycombineonlineandofflinebusinessmodelsmayprovetobeabigconcernfortraditionalretailers.Brickandmortarretailers'faithintheirbusinesswasstrengthenedwhenthedotcombubbleburst.Despitethetremendouschallengesfromonlineretailing,traditionalretailingwillbeheretostayforquitesometime.Withtheriseofonlinecommerce,physicalretailstoresarelikelytosufferthesamefateasitheyellowpages.Thewideuseofsmartphoneshasmadeitmorecomplexfortraditionalretailerstoreinventtheirbusiness.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerfulartifcialintelligence(AI)willbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity",andpraisedthecreationofanacademicinstitutededicatedtoresearchingthefutureofintelligenceas“crucialtothefutureofourcivilisationandourspecies".HawkingwasspeakingattheopeningoftheLeverhulmeCentrefortheFutureofIntelligence(LCFI)atCambridgeUniversity,amulti-disciplinaryinstitutethatwillattempttotacklesomeoftheopen-endedquestionsraisedbytherapidpaceofdevelopmentinAIresearch.“Wespendagreatdealoftimestudyinhistory,"Hawkingsaid,“which,let'sfaceit,ismostlythehistoryofstupidity.Soit;sawelcomechangethatpeoplearestudyinginsteadthefutureofintelligence."Whiletheworld-renownedphysicisthasoftenbeencautiousaboutAI,raisingconcernsthathumanitycouldbethearchitectofitsowndestructionifitcreatesasuper-intelligencewithawillofitsown,hewasalsoquicktohighlightthepositivesthatAlresearchcanbring.“Thepotentialbenefitsofcreatingintelligencearehuge,"hesaid.“WecannotpredictwhatwemightachievewhenourownmindsareamplifiedbyAI.Perhapswiththetoolsofthisnewtechnologicalrevolution,wewillbeabletoundosomeofthedamagedonetothenaturalworldbythelastone-industrialisation.Andsurelywewillaimtofinallyeradicatediseaseandpoverty.Andeveryaspectofourliveswillbetransformed.Inshort,successincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilisation."HuwPrice,thecentre'sacademicdirectorandtheBertrandRussellprofessorofphilosophyatCambridgeUniversity,whereHawkingisalsoanacademic,saidthatthecentrecameaboutpartiallyasaresultoftheuniversity'sCentreforExistentialRisk.Thatinstituteexaminedawiderrangeofpotentialproblemsforhumanity,whiletheLCFIhasanarrowfocus.AIpioneerMargaretBoden,professorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofSussex,praisedtheprogressofsuchdiscussions.Asrecentlyas2009,shesaid,thetopicwasn'ttakenseriously,evenamongAIresearchers.“AIishugelyexciting,"shesaid,“butithaslimitations,whichpresentgravedangersgivenuncriticaluse."TheacademiccommunityisnotaloneinwarningaboutthepotentialdangersofAIaswellasthepotentialbenefits.Anumberofpioneersfromthetechnologyindustry,mostfamouslytheentrepreneurElonMusk,havealsoexpressedtheirconcernsaboutthedamagethatasuper-intelligentAIcoulddotohumanity.WhatdidStephenHawkingthinkofartificialintelligence?Itwouldbevitaltotheprogressofhumancivilisation.Itmightbeablessingoradisasterinthemaking.Itmightpresentchallengesaswellasopportunities.Itwouldbeasignificantexpansionofhumanintelligence.WhatdidHawkingsayaboutthecreationoftheLCFI?ItwouldacceleratetheprogressofAIresearch.ItwouldmarkastepforwardintheAIindustry.Itwasextremelyimportanttothedestinyofhumankind.Itwasanachievementofmulti-disciplinarycollaboration.WhatdidHawkingsaywasawelcomechangeinAIresearch?Theshiftofresearchfocusfromthepasttothefuture.Theshiftofresearchfromtheorytoimplementation.ThegreateremphasisonthenegativeimpactofAI.Theincreasingawarenessofmankind'spaststupidity.WhatconcernsdidHawkingraiseaboutAI?Itmayexceedhumanintelligencesoonerorlater.Itmayultimatelyover-amplifythehumanmind.Super-intelligencemaycauseitsowndestruction.Super-intelligencemayeventuallyruinmankind.50・Whatdowelearnaboutsomeentrepreneursfromthetechnologyindustry?Theyaremuchinfluencedbytheacademiccommunity.TheyaremostlikelytobenefitfromAIdevelopment.TheysharethesameconcernsaboutAIasacademics.TheybelievetheycankeepAIunderhumancontrol.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themarketforproductsdesignedspecificallyforolderadultscouldreach$30billionbynextyear,andstartups(初仓U公司)wantinontheaction.Whattheysometimeslackisfeedbackfromthepeoplewhotheyhopewillusetheirproducts.SoBrookdale,thecountry'slargestownerofretirementcommunities,hasbeeninvitingafewselectentrepreneursjusttomoveinforafewdays,showofftheirproductsandhearwhattheresidentshavetosay.That'swhatbroughtDayleRodriguez,28,allthewayfromEnglandtothediningroomofBrookdaleSouthBayinTorrance,California.RodriguezisthecommunityandmarketingmanagerforacompanycalledSentab.Thestartup'sproduct,SentabTV,enablesolderadultswhomaynotbecomfortablewithcomputerstoaccessemail,videochatandsocialmediausingjusttheirtelevisionsandaremotecontrol.“It'snothingnew,it'snothingtoocomplicatedandit'snaturalbecauselotsofpeoplehaveTVremotes,"saysRodriguez.ButnoneofthatisthetopicofconversationintheBrookdalediningroom.Instead,Rodriguezsolicitsresidents'adviceonwhatheshouldgetonhischeeseburgerandhowheshouldspendtheafternoon.Playingcardswasontheagenda,aswellaslearningtoplaymahjong麻将).Rodriguezsaysit'simportantthatresidentsheredon'tfeellikehe'ssellingthemsomething.“I'vehadmorefeedbackinapassiveapproach,"hesays.“Playingpool,playingcards,havingdinner,havinglunch,"allworkbetter“thangoingthroughasurveyofquestions.Whentheygettoknowmeandtotrustme,knowingforsureI'mnotsellingthemsomething一there'llbemorehonestfeedbackfromthem."RodriguezisjusttheseventhentrepreneurtomoveintooneofBrookdale's1,100seniorlivingcommunities.Othernewproductsintheprogramhaveincludedakindoffull-bodyblowdryerandspeciallydesign