最新高中英语必修四unit-2单词讲解和练习(含答案)

BOOK4Unit2Workingtheland词汇练习重点单词讲解1.strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力strugglewith与……斗争；和……一起战斗struggle...for为争取……而斗争struggle...against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggle+不定式，如：Abirdwascaughtinthenetandwasstrugglingtogetfree.一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来alife-and-deathstruggle生死搏斗struggle还可以作名词，意思是“斗争；搏斗；努力；挣扎；难事〞等。如：Withastruggle，hecontrolledhisfeelings.他费力地控制住了自己的感情。2.expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张extend强调向某一方向的延长spread指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。1).Theman_______theinformationaround.2).Theempire_______itscountryinthe16thcentury.3).Theroadbuildersworkedhardto_______thehighway.Keys:1).spread

2).expanded

3).extend

3.circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传【例句】Bloodcirculatesthroughthebody.血液在体内循环。【考点】1〕形容词：circular圆形的；循环的；名词：circulation循环；流通；发行量；2〕circulation作“〔报纸、杂志等的〕发行量〞解时，是可数名词。4.thankstothanksto幸亏；由于；因为1).Thankstoyourhelp,muchtroublewassaved.多亏你的帮助,减少了许多麻烦。2).Thankstothebadweather,thematchhadbeencancelled.多亏这个倒霉天气,比赛取消了。thanksto相当于becauseof/owingto/dueto/thanksto/onaccountof/asaresultof5.ridridsb./sth.of...使某人/某物摆脱……

1).Manypeopleareworkinghardtoridtheworldoffamine.很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。2).Thedentistridhimofthepainbytakingouthisbadtooth.牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。[重点用法]rid短语：beridof摆脱

getridof摆脱；除掉；去掉ridahouseofmice去除室内老鼠

ridoneselfofdebt还清债务[类似用法动词]inform/warn/curesb.of…通知/警告/治愈某人……6.besatisfiedwithbesatisfiedwith=becontentwith对……表示满足或满意1).Iwasnotsatisfiedwiththeresult.我对那个结果感到不满意。2).You’vedonewellatschool.I’mverysatisfiedwithyou.你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。[重点用法]sth.satisfysb.某事使某人满意

sb.issatisfiedsth.对……表示满足或满意besatisfiedtodo对做……感到满意

besatisfiedthatclause对做……感到满意asatisfiedsmile满意的微笑

asatisfiedcustomer感到满意的顾客feelasenseofsatisfaction感到满足感

tosb’s/sth’ssatisfaction使某人满意的是farfromsatisfactory远远不能令人满足

itissatisfying(todosth)做某事是令人满意的asatisfactoryexplanation/performance令人满意的解释/演出get/obtainsatisfactionfromone’swork从自己的工作中得到满足7.wouldrather1).I’dratherwalkthantakeabus.我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。2).“Somemorewine?〞“Thankyou,I’drathernot.Ihavetodrivehome.〞[重点用法]wouldratherdoA(thandoB)=would(preferto)doA(ratherthandoB)宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事)

wouldrathersb.didsth.宁愿某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)8.thereforeadv.因此,所以=forthatreason=consequently常用于连接两个并列分句，其前加“and〞或分号“；〞。Hewasill,andthereforecouldnotcome.他病了,所以未能来。Hehasbrokenhislegandthereforehecan'twalk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。Wedonothaveenoughmoney.Thereforewecannotaffordtobuythenewcar.我们的钱不够,因此买不成这辆新车。9.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备【考点聚焦】1〕名词：equipmentn.[u]装备；设备常用搭配：officeequipment办公设备sportsequipment运动器械2〕与equip相关的词组：equipwith配备……3〕equip的过去式和过去分词都是equipped；现在分词是equipping。10.exportvt.&vi.输出；出口【例句】Chinaexportstomanyforeigncountries.中国向许多国家出口物资。【考点聚焦】1〕反义词:importexportn.作“输出；出口〞解时，是不可数名词；作“出口物；出口量〞解时，是可数名词。11.occupation/job/work/employment/career/professionoccupation指一个人经常担任的工作，不管是否领取工资。job非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不管是否需要技术和特殊训练。work多用来指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以称为work。employment指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比拟固定的工作。career指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业，带有崇高色彩。profession指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，多为创造性的脑力劳动。12.confusevt.使迷惑；使为难【例句】Herexpressionconfusedme.她的表情使我困惑。【考点聚焦】1〕名词：confusionn.混乱；紊乱；混乱状态2〕常用搭配：confusewith/and混淆；把……混淆；区分不清，如：I’malwaysconfusingJohnwith/andPaul.我一直分不清约翰和保罗。3〕confused和confusing的区别：两者都是形容词。confused指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的〞，表示人的内心感受；confusing“使人困惑的；令人迷惑的；使人混乱的〞，表示事物的状态。13.regretregret(regretted)vt.(对……)遗憾；惋惜n.[c,u]遗憾；惋惜[典例]1).Ifyougonow,you’llregretit.假假设你现在就走,一定得後悔。2).Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.十分抱歉,那个工作已经有人做了。[重点用法]regrettosay/tell/announce/inform遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知

regretdoing/havingdonesth.懊悔已做了某事

regretthat遗憾/懊悔…toone’sregret令某人懊悔的是[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。1).Inowregret_______(leave)schoolsoyoung.2).____________________________(非常抱歉),Iamunabletoacceptyourinvitation.3).Iregret_______(inform)youthatyourcontractwillnotberenewed.Keys:1).leaving/havingdone

2).Muchtomyregret/Tomygreatregret

3).toinform14.buildup逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；开发1).Youneedmoreproteintobuildyouup.你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质。2).Heisnowtryingtobuildupafinereputation.他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。15.leadto*用名词作宾语：leadtosth.导致某种事情，如：leadtofurtherdiscussion导出进一步讨论；leadtodisaster.导致灾难；*用动名词作宾语leadtodoingsth.导致做了某事，如：leadtodiscussingitagain.导致再次讨论它也可以用被动表示：leadtoit's/itbeingdiscussedagain.导致他被讨论。*用不定式的复合结构作宾语：leadsb.todosth.引导某人做某事，其中sb.是宾语，todosth.是补足语，如：Theexperimentledthemtotohavetobelieveinitscorrectness.实验使得他们不得不相信它的正确性。AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大道通罗马。Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。16.focusvt.&vi.集中(注意力)；聚焦

n.[c,u]焦点；中心点

1).Focusyourcamera.把照相机的焦距调准。2).Herbeautymakesherthefocusofattention.她长得漂亮,很惹人注目。[重点用法]focuson集中于

focus(one’sattention/mind/efforts)on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于

17.reducevt.减少；缩减；简化【考点聚焦】1〕反义词：increase；名词：reduction减少〔量〕；削减〔数〕；降低〔数〕2〕reduceto使……变为〔更小尺寸或更简单形式〕；使成为某种状态；reduceby〔以……的比例、程度〕减少。18.keepfreefrom/ofkeep...freefrom/of=protectsb./sth.from...使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物)

[典例]1).Weshouldkeepourselvesfreefromdrugs.我们应该远离毒品。2).Ihopeyouwillkeepyourselffreefromtobaccoandalcohol.我希望你不抽烟不喝酒。19mentcommentvi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论n.[c,u]评论；议论

1).Thescandalcausedalotofcomment.这件丑闻遭到很多议论。2).“Willyouresign,Minister?〞“Nocomment!〞“部长，你是要辞职吗?〞“无可奉告。〞[重点用法]commenton/aboutsth./sb.对某事/某人评论makecomments/nocommentonsth./sb.对某事/某人评论/不进行评论同步练习一．请根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式1.Ourcountryhasbecomeself-sufficientin______(粮食).2.Theroadsigns_________(使糊涂)thedriver.3.Theonlywaytodothatisto______(减少)expenses.4.Theschool_________(提供)booksforchildren.5.Wetooktheopportunityto_______(交流)experiencewiththem.6.Hehasa

(晒黑的)face

andbrighteyes.7.The________(斗争)forindependencewaslongandhard.8.Thefactorymustincreaseits________(产量).9.They________(用掉)alltheirstrengthintryingtoclimbout.10.Ourarmyiswell_______(装备).二．

句型转换根据A句句义，用适当的句型或短语完成B

句,使其句义相同或相近。11.A:ComparedwithmathsIlikeEnglishbetter.B:I_______English______maths.12.A:Evenifhedieshewon’tgivein.B:He______________die______givein.13.A:Weshouldsavethesickfreefrompain.B:Weshould______thesick_____pain.14.A:Hedoesn’tliketoliveacomfortablelife.B:Hedoesn’t___________livingacomfortablelife.15.A:DrYuanhasspentallhistimeonhisresearch.B:DrYuanhas______allhistime______hisresearch.三．完成句子16.Sheep___________(以…

为食)grass.17.Sincehecametothisclass,hehasn’tplayed_____________(不再)ashedidbefore.18._______________(由于)hishardwork,heachievedgreatsuccess.19.Thepoliceman______(搜查)thethief______thelostmoney.20.Please______________(参阅)yourdictionariesifyoumeetnewwords.四、单项填空

21.—_______DavidandVicky_____married?

—Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlongwere;havebeenB.Howlonghave;havebeenC.Howlonghave;beenD.Howlongdid;get22.Luckilyforus,whenwegottheretheweather_______tobefine.A.turnedup

B.turnedoutC.turnedover

D.turnedinto23.Havingheardmyanswer,themasternodded_______satisfaction,“I’mquitesatisfied_____you.〞A.with;with

B.on;byC.in;to

D.in;of24.—Themattermustbelookedinto.—Wearesupposedtohavealittle________.A.rain

B.weatherC.patient

D.look25.Inthetrafficaccidentfivewerekilledandtwenty__________.A.losing

B.missedC.damaged

D.injured26.Weare_______happytohearofthesuccessoftheirteam.A.enough

B.morethanC.manymore

D.muchmany27.Wewon'tgiveup________weshouldfailtentimes.A.evenif

B.sinceC.whether

D.until28.—Well,you'dbetternotbuythatshirt.Brownandblackdon'tgotogether.—________Iwearitwithmyothershirt?A.HowdoyoulikeB.WhoC.WhatifD.Which29.Amiddle-agedwomancame________tothebusstoponly________thebushadgone.A.run;tofindB.running;tofindC.andran;foundD.running;finding30.___________yourhelp,Igotthefirstinthefinal-termEnglishexamination.A.Thanksto

B.WithoutC.Ifnot

D.Butfor31.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep______muchworkyouhavetodo./r/