2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)试卷号90_第1页
2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)试卷号90_第2页
2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)试卷号90_第3页
2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)试卷号90_第4页
2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)试卷号90_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩60页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Theintelligencedepartmentwasaccused,offailureto()thetroopstothepossibilityofanenemyattackduringtheweekend.

问题1选项

A.instruct

B.warn

C.dictate

D.alert

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项instruct“指导,通知”;B选项warn“警告(偏向于告诫)”;C选项dictate“命令,口述”;D选项alert“使警觉,警告(更加正式)”。句意:情报部门被指控未能在周末向部队()敌人可能发动袭击的情况。本句的句意是要表达“情报部门没有及时通报让部队警觉”,因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Melissaisacomputer()thatdestroyedfilesincomputersandfrustratedthousandsofusersaroundtheworld.

问题1选项

A.genius

B.virus

C.disease

D.bacteria

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“天才,天赋”;B选项“病毒”;C选项“疾病”;D选项“细菌”,句意:Melissa是一种电脑(),它摧毁了电脑中的文件,让全世界成千上万的用户感到沮丧。本句想表示的是“电脑病毒(computervirus)”,这也是固定搭配,因此B选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Healwaysdidwellatschool()havingtodopart-timejobseverynowandthen.

问题1选项

A.inspiteof

B.regardlessof

C.onaccountof

D.incaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项inspiteof“尽管”;B项regardlessof“不考虑,不顾”;C项onaccountof“因为,由于”;D项incaseof“如果发生……,万一……”;然后我们带入句子发现只有A选项符合。句意为:尽管他不得不时不时地做些兼职工作,但他在学校总是表现很好。

4.单选题

Annusedto()whenwewenttothesameschool.Butnowsheisalwaysontime.

问题1选项

A.beinglate

B.late

C.belate

D.gettinglate

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语。结合题干和选项可知本题考查非谓语,而usedto后面要加动词原形表示“过去常常做某事”,因此A、B、D不符合语法规则。句意:我们在同一所学校时,安总是迟到。但是现在她总是很准时。

5.翻译题

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone.Thenewestcropofsinglesishighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneaslifestylechoices.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative—darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.

【答案】以前独自生活的人都是一些处在婚姻生活之两端的人们——20多岁的专业人员或寡居的老人。领取养老金的人,特别是上了年纪的妇女,构成了独自生活人群的绝大多数;而新一批单身族则是30到40岁高收入人士,他们日益认为独自生活是一种生活方式的选择。独自生活被认为是消极的——黑暗而且寒冷,而家庭生活则意味着温暖与光明。

6.单选题

Inthesummerof1978anEnglishfarmernamedIanStevenswasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingflatontheground.Theflattened(被压平的)wheatformedacircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Inthefollowingyearsmoreandmoresimilarcircleswerefoundinafieldofwheatorcorn.Sopeoplecannothelpbutaskthequestion:Whatcausesthecircles?

Atfirstpeoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrick,peopletriedtocopythem:theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn’tdoit.Theycouldn’tenterafieldofgrainwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldn’tflattenthegrainwithoutbreakingit.Thecirclesareapparentlynotatrick.

Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarksleftbytheirspaceships.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangeflyingobjectsnearfieldswherecircleslaterappeared.

Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.Theyhavesuggestedseveraltheories.Forexample,somescientistssaythat“microburst’s”ofwindcreatedthecircles.Amicroburstisadownwardrushofcoolair—thesamedownwardrushofairthatsometimescausesanairplanetocrash.Othersscientistssaythatforceswithintheearthcausethecirclestoappear.Butcirclesoftenappearinforms.Itishardtobelievethatanynaturalforcecouldcreatethoseforms.Andrecentlyfarmershavediscoverednotonlycirclesbutalsoothershapessuchastrianglesintheirfields.Couldanynaturalforcecreatedaperfecttriangleinafieldofgrain?

Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment.Thisequipment—worth1.8milliondollars—recordednothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafield,circlesformedinthefieldbehindthem.Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.

1.Whatcausesthecircles?

2.Thethingthatprovesthatthecircleswerenotatrickisthat().

3.Thecirclesmean().

4.Theonlythingforthescientiststobehappyaboutinthesummerof1990ispossibly().

5.Apropertitleforthispassageis().

问题1选项

A.Teenagers

B.Farmers

C.Flyingobjects.

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题2选项

A.twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves

B.farmersweremakingthecirclestoattracttourists

C.peoplecannotcopythecircleswithoutleavingmarksorbreakingthegrain

D.scientistssuggesttheoriesthatsupporttheideathatcirclesweremadebynaturalforces

问题3选项

A.thatbeingsfromouterspacearetryingtocommunicatewithhumanbeings

B.thatbeingsfromouterspacehavevisitedtheearth

C.thattheredoexiststrangeflyingobjects

D.noneoftheabove

问题4选项

A.thattheydiscoveredhowthecirclesweremade

B.thattheysawthecircleswiththehelpofthelatesthigh-techequipment

C.theywereabletoshowthecirclesinaphotograph

D.noneoftheabove

问题5选项

A.AnUnsolvedMystery

B.StrangeFlyingObjects

C.ThePowerofNaturalForces

D.TheDiscoveryofStrangeCircles

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干问:什么东西导致了这些圈圈?我们定位到倒数第二段的第一句话Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.(科学家表示,他们不确定是什么导致了这种情况。)从这句话我们可以得出,科学家们目前也并不知道是什么导致了这些怪圈,其他的都只是猜测,因此答案为D“以上都不对”;A选项“青少年”,B选项“农民”,C选项“飞行物”,这些都是人们的猜测。

2.事实细节题。题干问:是什么证实了这些圈圈并不是一个恶作剧?根据第二段第一句话Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem,(起初,人们怀疑这些圆圈是骗人的。为了证明这些圆圈是骗人的,人们试图模仿它们)我们可以得出答案是C选项“人们不能复制圆圈而不留下痕迹或打破纹理”。A选项“两个男人说是他们制造了这个圈”,B选项“农民们做了这个圈去吸引游客”,D选项“科学家认为理论支持这些圈是由自然力量完成的”。

3.事实细节题。A选项“这些圆圈意味着来自外太空的生物正试图与人类交流”,B选项“这些圆圈意味着来自外太空的生物已经访问过地球”,C选项“这些圆圈意味着确实存在奇怪的飞行物”,D选项“以上都不对”;题干问:这些圈圈意味着什么。根据题干我们可以定位到第二段,第二段说了Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.(许多人相信是外太空的生物制造了这些圆圈。一些人认为外太空的生物试图与我们交流,而这些圆圈是他们的信息。其他人相信存在实际上已经登陆地球的生物和圆圈是他们的宇宙飞船留下的印记。)但是这些都是人们的推测,目前科学家并没有给出明确的结论,因此A、B、C都不对,答案为D。

4.判断推理题。题干问:科学家们在1990年夏天唯一感到高兴的事情可能是?C选项“他们能够在照片上显示圆圈”,根据题干我们定位到倒数第一段的倒数第二句话:Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.(这些圆圈如照片所示。)可以得出,他们开心的事是C选项“他们能够在照片上显示圆圈”。A选项“他们发现了这些圆圈是如何形成的”,B选项“他们借助最新的高科技设备看到了这些圆圈”,D选项“以上都不对”。

5.文章标题题。题干让我们给文章找一个合适的标题。A选项“一个未解之谜”,B选项“奇怪的飞行物”,C选项“自然的力量”,D“奇怪的圈圈的发现”,根据全文我们知道,这个怪圈的谜底我们到目前都没有解开,因此它是一个未解之谜,D选项过于浅显,不能总结全文的含义,因此答案为A。

7.单选题

Onhergraduationfromcollege,Helenwasmarriedtoaclergyman,thepriestofaneighboring().

问题1选项

A.division

B.district

C.parish

D.region

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项division“除法,部门,分配”;B选项district“区域,地方,行政区(尤指官方指定范围的区域)”;C选项parish“教区”;D选项region“地区,范围,部位(只指比较大的一片区域)”。句意:大学毕业后,海伦嫁给了邻近()的一位牧师。根据后面的“牧师”一词,可以得出她应该是嫁给了临近教区的一位牧师,因此C选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.AstheLancetputitrecently:“Whenwetrytodescribefacespreciselywordsfailus,andweresorttoidentikit(拼脸型图)procedures.”

Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.This,whenonecomestothinkofit,isatremendousfeat,though,curiouslyenough,relativelylittleattentionhasbeendevotedtothefundamentalproblemsofhowandwhyweacquirethisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.Isitaninbornpropertyofourbrains,oranacquiredone?Assooftenhappens,theexpertstendtodiffer.

Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.Insupportofthisthesetheynotehowmuchbetterweareatrecognizingafaceafterasingleencounterthanweare,forexample,inrecognizinganindividualhorse.Ontheotherhand,therearethose,andtheyareprobablyinthemajority,whoclaimthatthegiftisanacquiredone.

Theargumentsinfavorofthislatterview,itmustbeconfessed,areimpressive.Itisahabitthatisacquiredsoonafterbirth.Watch,forinstance,howaquiteyoungbabyrecognizeshismemberbysight.Grantedthathisothersenseshelp-thesoundothervoice,hissenseofsmell,thedistinctivewayshehandleshim.

Butofallthese,sightispredominant.Formedattheverybeginningoflife,theabilitytorecognizefacesquicklybecomesanestablishedhabit,andonethatis,essentialfordailyliving,ifnotnecessarilyforsurvival.Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterpeoplewhohavebeendeprivedofthefaculty.

Thisunfortunateinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesisknowntoall,butsuchpeoplecanoftenrecognizeindividualsbytheirvoices,theirwalkingmannersortheirspectacles.Withtypicalhumaningenuitymanyoftheseunfortunatepeopleovercometheirhandicapbyrecognizingothercharacteristicfeatures.

1.Itisstatedinthepassagethat().

2.Whattheauthorfeelsstrangeaboutisthat().

3.Whatisthefirstsuggestedexplanationoftheoriginoftheability?

4.Accordingtothepassage,howimportantistheabilitytorecognizefaces?

5.Thispassageseemstoemphasizethat().

问题1选项

A.itisunusualforapersontobeabletoidentifyafacesatisfactorily

B.theabilitytorecognizefacesunhesitatinglyisanunusualgift

C.quitafewpeoplecanvisualizefacestheyhaveseen

D.fewpeoplecangiveexactdetailsoftheappearanceofaface

问题2选项

A.peoplehavethetremendousabilitytorecognizemorethan1,000faces

B.peopledon’tthinkmuchoftheproblemofhowandwhyweacquiretheabilitytorecognizeandrememberfaces

C.peopledon’trealizehowessentialandvaluableitisforthemtohavetheabilitytorecognizefaces

D.peoplehavebeenarguingmuchoverthewaypeoplerecognizeandremember

问题3选项

A.Itisoneofthecharacteristicspeculiartohumanbeings.

B.Itisacquiredsoonafterbirth.

C.Itissomethingwecandofromtheverymomentweareborn.

D.Itislearnedfromourenvironmentandexperiences.

问题4选项

A.Itisusefulindailylifebutisnotnecessarilyessential.

B.Itsabsencewouldmakenormaleverydaylifeimpossible.

C.Undercertaincircumstanceswecouldnotexistwithoutit.

D.Normalsociallifewouldbedifficultwithoutit.

问题5选项

A.theabilitytorecognizeindividualsisdependentonothersensesaswellassight

B.sightisindispensabletorecognizingindividuals

C.theabilitytorecognizefacesisaspecialinbornabilityofthebrain

D.theimportanceoftheabilityofrecognizingfacesisfullyappreciatedbypeople

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据选项和题干关键词定位到第一段第一句Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.(能准确地描述一个人的面容这种天赋是很罕见的,每一个有经验的警官都知道这一点。)因此D选项“很少有人能给出一张脸的外貌的确切细节”正确。A选项“一个人能令人满意地辨认人脸是不寻常的”不够准确;B选项“毫不犹豫地识别面孔的能力是一种不寻常的天赋”是推断出来的,而不是文章直接的陈述;C选项“有些人能想象他们所见过的面孔”不是原文所提到的。

2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段的第二句This,whenonecomestothinkofit,isatremendous...thisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.(然而,奇怪的是,对于我们是如何以及为什么会有这种识别和记忆面孔的天赋这一基本问题,却鲜有人关注。)因此B选项“人们很少思考我们是如何以及为什么获得识别和记忆面孔的能力的”正确。A选项“人们有惊人的能力来识别超过1000张面孔”,在第二段第一句话Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.(然而,据某专家称,我们每个人可能都能识别1000多张面孔,其中大多数在细节上都有所不同。)是专家说的,并不是作者觉得好奇的;C选项“人们没有意识到识别面孔的能力对他们来说是多么重要和有价值”,文章没有提到;D选项“人们一直在争论人们认识和记忆的方式”,这个也不是作者觉得好奇的点。

3.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.(因此,有些人认为这是天生的,“大脑区分面孔的能力有特殊的特点”。)因此C选项正确。A选项“是人类特有的特征之一”,B选项“它在出生后不久就获得了”,与原文不符;D选项“它是从我们的环境和经验中学来的”,这是另一种观点,但不是最先的。

4.推理判断题。根据题干关键词定位到倒数第二段Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterpeoplewhohavebeendeprivedofthefaculty.(它是多么重要和有价值,直到我们遇到那些被剥夺了能力的人,我们才会意识到。)因此可以推断出B选项“没有它,正常的日常生活就不可能了”正确。A选项“它在日常生活中是有用的,但不是必要的”与原文意思不符;C选项“在某些情况下,没有它我们就无法生存”,原文没有提及;D选项“没有它,正常的社会生活将很难”,属于过度推断。

5.推理判断题。根据选项关键词定位到最后一段Thisunfortunateinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesisknowntoall,butsuchpeoplecanoftenrecognizeindividualsbytheirvoices,theirwalkingmannersortheirspectacles.(这种不幸的无法识别大众都熟悉面孔的能力,但通常可以通过他们的声音、走路方式或眼镜来识别个人。)因此A选项“识别个体的能力不仅依赖视觉,还依赖其他感官”正确。B选项“视觉对于识别个体是必不可少的”,这个不是文章想要强调的;C选项“识别面孔的能力是大脑天生的一种特殊能力”,不符合文章意思;D选项“人们充分认识到人脸识别能力的重要性”,不是原文强调的;文章最后一段是想说明,哪怕有的人没有这种能力,他也可以通过其他的感官来感知。

9.单选题

Intoday’sworkingworldtherolesofmenandwomenarebecoming().

问题1选项

A.dwarfed

B.incorporated

C.correlated

D.blurred

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项dwarfed“矮小的”;B选项incorporated“合并的”;C选项correlated“有互相关系的”;D选项blurred“模糊的,记不清的”。句意:在当今的工作世界中,男性和女性的角色正变得越来越()。按照选项和题干的意思,可以判断出此处想要表达的意思是“男性角色和女性角色的(边界)变得越来越模糊。”因此D选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thegangster()athishelplessvictimandputacigarettejustoutofreach.

问题1选项

A.sneered

B.scorned

C.grinned

D.glared

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项sneered“嘲笑,冷笑”;B选项scorned“轻蔑”;C选项grinned“露齿而笑,咧着嘴笑”;D选项glared“怒目而视,瞪眼看”。句意:歹徒对他那无助的受害者(),并把一支烟放在刚好够不到的地方。根据歹徒后面的行为可以看出,歹徒对这个受害者发出冷笑,因此A选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Tohelpstudentsunderstandhowwesee,teachersoftendrawan()betweenaneyeandacamera.

问题1选项

A.image

B.analogy

C.imitation

D.axis

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项image“影像,想象,肖像”;B选项analogy“类比,类推,类似”;C选项imitation“模仿,仿造,仿制品”;D选项axis“轴,轴线,轴心国”。句意:为了帮助学生理解我们是如何看东西的,老师经常把眼睛和照相机作_____。这里表达的是“作类比”,因此B选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Becauseoffather’spoorcircumstances,myuncle()myeducation.

问题1选项

A.finances

B.maintains

C.supplies

D.affords

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项finances“负担经费,供给……经费”;B选项maintains“维持,保持”;C选项supplies“供应,提供”;D选项affords“买得起,提供”。句意:由于父亲的贫苦处境,我叔叔()了我的教育。可以看出因为父亲的条件不好,所以是叔叔“资助了我的学习”,因此A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Manysocialproblemsarecausedbytheuneven()ofwealth.

问题1选项

A.distribution

B.peace

C.justice

D.section

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项distribution“分配,分布”;B选项peace“和平”;C选项justice“公平,公正”;D选项section“部分,部门”。句意:许多社会问题是由财富()不均引起的。这句话要表达的意思是“财富的分配不均导致了社会问题”,因此A选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Itisour()policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

问题1选项

A.consistent

B.considerate

C.certain

D.decisive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项consistent“始终如一的,一致的,坚持的”;B选项considerate“体贴的,体谅的,考虑周到的”;C选项certain“某一,必然的”;D选项decisive“决定性的,果断的,坚定的”。句意:通过和平方式实现团结是我们_____政策。这里表达的是“一贯的政策”,因此A选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Thecarpetlooksbeautifulbutcannot()thewearandtearofcontinualuse.

问题1选项

A.standupfor

B.standupto

C.standwellwith

D.standupwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项standupfor“支持,坚持”;B选项standupto“经得起,抵抗,勇敢地面对”;C选项standwellwith“得……宠信;得某人好感,好评”;D选项standupwith“给……当傧相,陪伴”。句意:地毯看起来很漂亮,但()不断使用的磨损。这个句子要表达的意思是“但是经不起不断使用的磨损”,因此B选项符合题意。

16.单选题

ForonebriefmomentinApril,LarryEllisoncamewithinafewdollarsofbeingtherichestmanintheworld.ThecomputertycoonwasholdingaglobalconferencecallonaWednesdaymorning,whenthevalueofhiscompanysurged.

ItwasthemomenthealmostovertookBillGates,founderofMicrosoft,asthewealthiestontheplanet.Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.Theself-proclaimed“badboy”ofSiliconValleyfoundhimselfworthmorethanUS$52billion,upfromamereUS$10billionthistimelastyear.ThenMicrosoft’sshareprice,whichhadplungedinrecentweeks,recoveredandthemomentpassed.

Once,Ellison,founderofthesoftwarecompanyOracle,wouldhavedancedaroundhisdeskcursinglikeapirateatfailingtobringdownGates,arivalhehadconstantlymadefunofinpublic.ButSiliconValleyinsiderssaidheremainedcalm,andmuttered:“Oneday,onedayvery,verysoon.”Heknewhismomentwasclose.UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms),aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.HealsoplanstoimportaRussianMig-29fighter(capableof1,500mph).Whydoeshewantone?Sothat,hejoked,hecanblastGateshomenearSeattle.Carsarecheapandcheerfulbycomparison.Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.InSanFranciscoheownsamagnificenthouseinPacificHeights,oneofWesternAmerica’smostexpensivestretchesofrealestate.Thehouseisatechnicalmarvel:Whenheinsertshiskey,theopaqueglassdoorturnstransparent,revealingaJapanesegardeninthemiddleofthehouse.Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.

WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.HewasborntoanunmarriedmotherandadoptedbyhisRussianuncleandaunt.Abrilliantbutunpredictableself-promoter,hedroppedoutofcollege,drovetoCaliforniainabatteredThunderbirdcarandendedupworkingwithcomputertechniciansatabank.“Healwayshadachampagnelifestyleonbeermoney,”hisfirstwifesaid.

HesetupOraclein1977asasuper-salesmanwith3programmers,creatingsoftwareforbusinesses.Italmostcollapsedwhenitpromisedmorethanitcoulddeliver,butsincethenitsfortuneshavesoared.Nowitemploys43,000peopleandhasdesigneddata-processingsystemsusedbyBritain’sMl5spyserviceaswellasbigwesterncompanies.Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.

Sincehiscompanygotbig,Ellisonhaspromisedshareholdersthathewillspendmoretimeintheoffice.Butcanheescapebeingthethrill-seekerheisatheart?Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.Itisdangeroussport,evenforguests.MediatycoonRupertMurdochoncenearlylostafingerwhenhegrabbedaropeduringaraceonboardthesayonara.Ellisonjokedatleasthecouldstillwrotechecks.

Regardlessofdistractions,EllisonwillnotgiveupinhisbattleagainstGates.Hehatestolose.Ellisondeclaresthatanysuchdominancebyoneman,likeMicrosoftincomputerindustry,isunhealthy.Hehasobviouslyforgottenhisownplanforaglobalempire,whichhewantedtocalltheUniversalTitanicOctopusCorporation.

1.Inthestockmarket,().

2.UnlikeBillGates,Ellison().

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTEllison’sbelongings?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEllison?

5.Oracle’sadvantageisthat().

问题1选项

A.EllisonisasrichasBillGates

B.EllisonhasUS$200,000lessthanBillGates

C.Ellisonisricherthanbill

D.OraclehasmoremoneythanMicrosoft

问题2选项

A.comesfromastrongfamily

B.hasapoorfather

C.doesnotspendmuchoncharity

D.wasborninCalifornia

问题3选项

A.AGulfstreamVjet.

B.AMarchettifighter.

C.APorscheBoxster.

D.ARussianMig-29fighter.

问题4选项

A.Ellisonlacksthecharacteristicsofcalmness.

B.EllisondislikeJapaneseculture.

C.Ellisoniskeenonyachting.

D.Ellison’sbusinesshasgonesmoothlysincethebeginning.

问题5选项

A.itssharepriceisprettyhigh

B.ithasmoreemployeesthanMicrosoft

C.itsthebiggestwesterncompany

D.itssoftwareismoreinternet-friendlythanMicrosoft

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第二段Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.(有那么几秒钟,当交易员们认为微软股价下跌、甲骨文股价上涨时,埃里森的股价只比盖茨便宜20万美元。)因此B选项“埃里森比比尔•盖茨身价少20万美元”正确。A选项“埃里森和比尔•盖茨一样富有”不正确,文章讨论的是他们的身价,而不是谁更有钱。C选项“埃里森比比尔•盖茨更富有”,不正确,文章没有给出这个信息;D选项“甲骨文比微软有更多的钱”,根据埃里森的身价没有比尔盖茨高可以推断甲骨文(埃里森的公司)应该是没有微软更有钱的。

2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.(与盖茨不同的是,他不热衷于慈善事业,更喜欢按自己的方式花钱。)因此C选项“在慈善事业上花的钱不多”正确。A选项“来自一个强大的家庭”在后文WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.(虽然盖茨来自一个强大的家庭,但埃里森仍然不知道他的父亲是谁。)A选项不正确;B选项“有一个贫穷的父亲”,他甚至都不知道自己的父亲是谁,不正确;D选项“出生在加利福尼亚”,后文说他自己驾车去了加利福尼亚,所以可以判断他不是在这里出生的,错误。

3.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms).(他有自己的私人空军,一个驻扎在雷德伍德城附近的圣何塞机场的军事风格的机组人员,帮助他驾驶湾流V型喷气式飞机。)因此A选项是他的所有物;同样在第三段aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.(一架从意大利进口的马尔切蒂战斗机,以及其他几架飞机,包括给他儿子的一名教练员。)因此B选项也是他的所有物;在第三段Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.(他有一辆相对普通的保时捷Boxster,两辆经过特别改装的奔驰和一辆价值90万美元的银色迈凯轮。)因此C选项也是他的所有物;只有D选项是原文没有提到的,因此D选项正确。

4.判断推理题。根据题干和选项关键词定位到第六段Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.(随着夏天的临近,他可能会发现很难抗拒他的游艇——世界上最长的游艇之一“Sakura”和他疯狂的“Sayonara”(日语“再见”)的诱惑。)可以推断出Ellison本人是热衷于游艇运动的,因此C选项“埃里森热衷于游艇运动”正确。A选项“埃里森缺乏冷静的特质”,文章并没有给出明确表示;B选项“埃里森不喜欢日本文化”,在第三段的最后一句话Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.(出于对日本文化最了解的原因,埃里森痴迷于日本文化。),因此B选项错误;D选项“埃里森的业务从一开始就进展顺利”,一开始的时候他的公司几近崩溃,是后来挺过来了才蒸蒸日上,因此D选项错误。

5.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第五段的最后一句话Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.(甲骨文的软件在互联网上比盖茨的Windows系统更友好,这是该公司最近股价上涨的一个原因。)由此可知,D选项“它的软件比微软在互联网上更友好”正确。A选项“它的股价相当高”原文没有提到;B选项“他比微软有更多的员工”,文章没有说这个是优势;C选项“它是最大的西方公司”,这个是文章没有说到的。

17.单选题

The()ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromotherpartsofthecountry.

问题1选项

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项clash“冲突,不协调”;B选项clarify“澄清,阐明”;C选项clarity“清楚,明晰”;D选项clatter“哗啦声,嘈杂的谈笑声”。句意:泉水的()吸引了这个国家其他地方的许多游客。本句表达的意思是“泉水的哗啦啦声吸引了人们的注意”,因此D选项符合题意。

18.单选题

What,canrigid,coldcalculatingmathematicspossiblyhaveincommonwithsubtle,creative,lofty,imaginativeart?Thisquestionfaithfullymirrorsthestateofmindofmostpeople,evenofmosteducatedpeople,whentheyregardthenumbersandsymbolsthatpopulatetheworldofmathematics.Butthegreatleadersofmathematicsthoughthavefrequentlyandrepeatedlyassertedthattheobjectoftheirpursuitisjustasmuchanartasitisascience,andperhapsevenafineart.MaximeBocher,andeminentmathematicianlivingatthebeginningofthiscentury,wrote:“Iliketolookatmathematicsalmostmoreasanartthanasascience;fortheactivityofthemathematician,constantlycreatingasheis,guidedalthoughnotcontrolledbytheexternalworldofthesenses,bearsaresemblance,notfanciful,Ibelieve,butreal,totheactivitiesoftheartist—ofapainter,letussay.Rigorousdeductivereasoningonthepartofthemathematicianmaybelikenedheretothetechnicalskillindrawingonthepartofthepainter.Justasonecannotbecomeapainterwithoutacertainamountofskill,sonoonecanbecomeamathematicianwithoutthepowertoreasonaccuratelyuptoacertainpoint.”Yetthesequalities,fundamentalthoughtheyare,donotmakeapainteroramathematicianworthyofthename,norindeedaretheythemostimportantfactorsinthecase.Otherqualitiesofafarmoresubtlesort,chiefamongwhichinbothcasesisimagination,gointothemakingofagoodartistoragoodmathematician.

Ifmathematicswantstolayclaimtobeinganart,however,itmostshowthatitpossessesandmakesuseofatleastsomeoftheelementsthatgotomakeupthethingsofbeauty.Isnotimagination,creativeimagination,themostessentialelementsofanart?Letustakeageometricobject,suchasthecircle.Totheordinaryman,thisistherimofawheel,perhapswithspokesinit.Elementarygeometryhascrowdedthissimplefigurewithradii,chords,sectors,tangents,diameters,inscribedandcircumscribedpolygons,andsoon.

Hereyouhavealreadyanentiregeometricalworldcreatedfromaveryrudimentarybeginning.Theseandothermiraclesareundeniableproofofthecreativepowerofthemathematician;and,asifthiswerenotenough,themathematicianallowsthewholecircleto“vanish”,declaresittobeimaginary,thenkeepsontoyingwithhisnewcreationinmuchthesamewayandwithmuchthesamegustoashedidwiththeinnocentlittlethingyouallowedhimtostartoutwith.Andallthis,rememberplease,isjustelementaryplanegeometry.Truly,thecreativeimaginationdisplayedbythemathematicianhasnowherebeenexceeded,notevenparalleled,and,Iwouldmakeboldtosay,nowevencloselyapproachedanywhereelse,nmanywaysmathematicsexhibitsthesameelementsofbeautythataregenerallyacknowledgedtobetheessenceofpoetry.Firstletusconsideraminorpoint:thepoetarrangeshiswritingsonthepageinverses.Hispoemfirstappealstotheeyebeforeitreachestheearorthemind;andsimilarly,themathematicianlinesuphisformulasandequationssothattheirformmaymakeanaestheticimpression.Somemathematiciansaregiventothisloveofarrangingandexhibitingtheirequationstoadegreethatbordersonafault.Trigonometry,abranchofelementarymathematicsparticularlyrichinformulas,offerssomecuriousgroupsofthem,curiousintheirsymmetryandtheirarrangement.

Thesuperiorityofpoetryoverotherformsofverbalexpressionliesfirstinthesymbolismusedinpoetry,andsecondlyinitsextremecondensationandeconomyofwords.Takeapoemofuniversallyacknowledgedmerit,say,Shelley’spoem“ToNight”.Hereisthesecondstanza:Wrapthyforminamantlegray,star-inwrought!BlindwiththinehairtheeyesofDay;Kissheruntilshebeweariedout;Thenwandero’ercity,andsea,andland.Touchingallwiththineopiatewand—Come,long-sought!

Takenliterally,allthisis,ofcourse,sheernonsenseandnothingelse.Nighthasnohair,nightdoesnotwearanyclothes,andnightisnotanillicitpeddlerofnarcotics.Butisthereanybodybalmyenoughtotakethewordsofthepoetliterally?Thewordshereareonlycomparisons,onlysymbols.Forthesakeofcondensationthepoetdoesn’tbotherstatingthathissymbolsmeansuchandsuch,butgoesontotreatthemasiftheywererealities.

Themathematiciandoesthesethingspreciselya

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论