定语从句解析与练习

定语从句解析与练习定语从句解析与练习定语从句解析与练习V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考定语从句解析与练习日期：20xx年X月高一英语期末复习定语从句一.1.定语从句在复合句中作定语，用修饰句子中某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。2.定语从句的位置：放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。如：Themanwhohasanumbrellainhishandismyuncle.(手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)3.定语从句的相关名称：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who、whom、whose、as(没有what)称为关系代词,where、when、why(没有how)为关系副词。Thisisthethief(that/who/whom)wehavebeenlookingfor先行词关系词定语从句4.定语从句关系词的作用：1.起着连接先行词和从句的作用,2.同时在从句中又充当句子成分，3.替代先行词。.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)二.定语从句的种类：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,从句对主句起修饰限定作用，去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,从句对主句起补充说明作用，去掉定语从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。.Tom'sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译))定语从句的各个关系词：1．who,whom引导的定语从句who,whom用于代替人。who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作动词或介词的宾语，在限制性定语中可以省略，在口语中可用who代替whom。Themanwhowrotethisbookisafriendofmine.Isthattheboy（whom/who）youspokeoftheotherday2．which引导的定语从句which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，在限制性定语中作宾语中可以省略。Heisdrivingacarwhichcantravel150milesanhour.Theclock（which）mygrandfatherboughtisstillingoodorder.3．that引导的定语从句that指人或指物，在定语从句中作主语，宾语或表语。Heisamanthat/whomeanswhathesays.他是个说话算数的人。Thepictures（that/which）Ihadtakenwonthefirstprize.Hedoesn’tseemtobethemanthathewas.他似乎和过去大不一样。（that代替theman作was的表语）4．whose引导的定语从句whose指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时可与ofwhich互换使用，指人时可与ofwhom互换使用.Ihaveaclassmatewhosefatherisamayor.Iliveinthehousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Iliveinthehousethewindowsofwhichfacesouth.=ofwhichthewindowsfacesouthWelookedatthetowerwhosetipwasgolden=thetipofwhichwasgolden.5．关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句when,where,why引导的定语从句，分别修饰表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，并分别在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语。关系副词也可以根据在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词+which”的结构。Ishallneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIenteredtheuniversity.Isthatthefactorywhere/inwhichyouworkedtwoyearsagoThatisthereasonwhy（that/forwhich）I’minfavouroftheplan.6．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句用在介词后面关系代词是whom,which,whose。HeistellingastoryofLeiFengofwhomeveryoneofusisproud.Theytiredtothinkofaplan,bywhichtheycouldcompletethetaskaheadoftime.Pleasetellthechiefmanagerfromwhoseroomhissecretarytookawayalltheimportantpapers.定语从句中的介词通常置于关系代词之前，也可在从句谓语动词之后。但是含有介词的短语动词一般不可拆开，介词仍放在动词之后。inwhichIworkedThecompanywhich/that）Iworkedinisgoingfrombadtoworse.Yourrudeness,whichwehaveputupwithtoolong,isbeginning.toannoyourcustomers.你的粗鲁，这我们早就受够了，现又在惹怒我们顾客。（putupwith“忍受”，是固定短语，不可将with与putup拆开）7．as与which用法比较1）在非限制性定语从句中，as/which均可代替前面的整个句子。Themanwasateacher,as/whichwasabviousfromhiswayofspeaking.由那个男人说话的样子，可明显看出他是个老师。但由as引导的定语从句可以前置，而which不可以。Aswasexpected,heperformedthetasksuccessfully.正如所预料的那样，他成功地完成了任务。2）as作关系代词可用于thesame…as,such…as句型中，as在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。Canyougivesuchlecturesaswillinterestus你能不能作使我们感兴趣的讲座=Canyougivethelectureswhichwillinterestus.（as代替lectures,作主语）Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowdays.你描绘的这种人现在已很少见了。（as代替people,作describe宾语）Wearefacingthesameproblemswhichwefaceyearsago.（as代替problems,作宾语）3）当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn'tlikeatall.使用定语从句应注意的问题：1）必须用关系代词that的几种情况a）先行词为something,nothing,all等不定代词；先行词被形容词最高级，序数词，only,very修饰All（that）Iwantispeaceandfreedom.我要的是和平和自由。ThisistheverybookthatIhavebeenlongingtoget.这正是我一直渴望得到的书。b）并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物Inhisspeechhetalkedofhisexperiencesandhiskindmotherthatimpressedhimdeeply.2）在非限制定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时不能省略Sheintroducedmetoherhusband,whomIhadn’tmetbefore.3)用which而不用that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词+关系代词。.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。4）定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan'tunderstand.5）关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.定语从句关系词的确定依据三点：1）引导的从句的限制性和非限制性2）所替代的先行词是人还是物3）从句中所缺的成分，若从句缺主语、宾语、表语，用关系代词。若从句不缺主语、宾语、表语，用关系副词。1.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone______familywaspoor.

A.ofwhom

B.whom

C.ofwhose

D.whose2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_______broughtherheartintohermouth.

A.it

B.which

C.this

D.that3.Inthedarkstreet,

therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp

A.that

B.who

C.fromwhomD.towhom4.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.itlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.

A.which

B.where

C.that

D.when6．CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,＿＿＿personallyIdoubtverymuch.

A.it

B.that

C.when

D.which7．Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,________,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.

A．who

B．which

C．this

D．what8.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.A.whichprice

B.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhosehasalreadybeenpointedout,

grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.

A.As

B.It

C.That

D.Which10.HelivedinLondonfor3months,during____timehelearnedsomeEnglish.

A.this

B.which

C.that

D.same11.thewallhungapicture,_____colorisblue.

A.whose

B.ofwhich

C.which

D.itsImethim,____wasfairlyoften,Ilikehissweetandhopefulsmile.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.when13.Thevisitoraskedtheguidetotakehispicture_____standsthefamoustower.

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.thereboss____departmentMsKingworkedtenyearsagolookdownuponwomen.

A.inwhich

B.inthat

C.inwhose

D.whose15.Idon’tlike_____youspeaktoher.

A.theway

B.thewayinthat

C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich16.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetoscience.

A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitis

C.whichIthinkitthinkwhichis

wasveryrudetothecustomsofficer,____ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.

A.who

B.whom

C.what

D.which

18.TheEnglishplay_______mystudentsactedattheNewYear'spartywasagreatsuccess.

A.forwhich

B.atwhich

C.inwhich

D.onw