新视野大学英语3单词讲解U6-A

NewWords:<l>earthquaken.[C](alsoquake)asuddenshakingoftheEarth'ssurface地震EG:In1906anearthquakedestroyedmuchofSanFrancisco.1906年,ー场地震摧毁了旧金山的大部分地区。Didyoufeeltheearthquakeafewhoursago?几个小时前,你感觉到地震了吗?<2>detectdetect(v.)-detection(n.)—detective(n.);vt.noticeordiscoversth.thatisdifficulttosee,feel,etc.发现;查出EG:Financialexpertshavedetectedsignsthattheeconomyisbeginningtoimprove.经济学家们已经觉察到经济开始改善的迹象。Idetectedaslightchangeinhisattitude.我察觉到他的态度有微妙的变化。<3>experimentalexperimental(a.)—experiment(n./v.);a.usedfor,relatingto,orresultingfromexperiments实验的;根据实验的EG:Thedrugisstillattheexperimentalstage.这种药还处在实验阶段。Thechangestothedistributionsystemarepurelyexperimentalatthemoment.分配体制的ー些变革目前只是实验性的。<4>datan.[U]facts;information资料;信息EG:Thedatais/arestillbeinganalyzed.那些资料仍在分析中。Howmuchdatacanwestoreononedisk?ー张电脑磁盘可储存多少资料?<5>radonn.[U](Rn)氢(ー种由镭的衰变而产生的放射性气态元素)EG:Hesaiddetectingradonindrinkingwaterwouldbeextremelyexpensiveandmightnothelppublichealth.他说,检测饮用水中是否含有氢将会非常昂贵,而且并不一定有益于公众健康。<6>waxvi.becomebiggerorstronger变大;增强EG:Thefameofthefilmstarwaxed.那个电影明星的知名度有所提高。HerfeelingsforJohnwaxandwane.她对约翰的感情时好时坏。n.[U]asolidsubstancemadeoffatoroilandusedtomakecandles,polishsth.,etc.蜡EG:Shewatchedthewaxasitdrippeddownthesideofthecandle.她注视着蜡油从蜡烛的边上滴落下来。Theenvelopewassealedwithwax.信封用蜡封了口。<7>withstandvt.(withstood,withstood)bestrongenoughnottobeharmedbysth.suchasgreatheat,cold,pressure,etc,承受;顶住EG:Theregionneedshousingwhichisstrongenoughtowithstandseverewindandstorms.这个地区需要结实的房屋来抵抗狂风和暴雨的袭击〇Hemanagedtostayinpowerforoverfiveyears,withstandingallthecriticismandthepressureonhimtoleave.他承受着所有的批评及要求他离职的压カ,还是掌了5年多的权。<8>weldvt.joinmetalsbymeltingtheiredgesandpressingthemtogether焊接EG:Thedoorwassheetmetalweldedontotheframeofiron.门是焊接在ー个铁框上的金属薄板。EG:Thecarhashadanewwingweldedon.这辆汽车焊上了一个新的挡泥板。<9>jointjoint(a./n.)-join(v.);n.1.[C]aplacewheretwopartsofsth.arejoinedtogether接头;接缝;接合处EG:Repairshaveinvolvedreplacingthejointsbetweeneach20-metrestretchofroad.修理包括更换公路上每隔20米处的接缝。Checkthepipesforleaksatthejoints.检查一下管子的接缝是否有漏缝。Thedelaysputthewholescheduleoutofjoint.拖延打乱了整个计划。2.[C]aplacewheretwobonesareconnected关下EG:Therearethreemaintypesofjointsthatalloweithersome,slightornomovementofthebones.有使骨骼能够活动、轻微活动或不能活动的三种主要关节。Sportsshoesarenowdesignedtohelpprotectthekneeandhipjoints.现在设计的运动鞋有助于保护膝关节和髄关节。a.belongingtoorsharedbetweentwoormorepeople共有的;联合的EG:Thispointisparticularlyimportantforjointventureprojects.这一点对合资企业项目来说尤其重要。Byourjointeffortswemanagedtopushthecarbackontheroad.我们ー起努力,终于把汽车推回到公路上。<10>architectarchitect(n.)-architecture(n.);n.[C]sb.whosejobistodesignbuildings建现师;设计师EG:Hewasoneoftheprincipalarchitectsoftherevolution.他是那次革命的主要发起者之一。<ll>columnn.1.[C]atallsoliduprightstonepostusedtosupportabuildingorasadecoration柱;支柱EG:Theroofofthetemplewasheldupbyarowofthickstonecolumns.这座庙宇的屋顶是由一排粗大的石柱支撑着的。Whatdiditcosttoputupthosecolumns?建造那些圆柱花了多少钱?[C]alineofnumbersorwordswrittenundereachotherthatgoesdownapage歹!J;栏EG:Turntopage5,column2.请翻到第5页第2栏。Ididn'thavetimetoreadthewholearticle-justthefirstcolumn.我没有时间读整篇文章——只读了第一栏。<12>horizontalhorizontal(a.)-horizon(n.);a.flatandlevel水平的EG:Drawahorizontallineacrossthebottomofthepage.在此页底部画一条水平线。Keepthepatienthorizontalwiththefeetslightlyraised.让病人保持平卧,双脚略微抬高。<13>beamn.1.[C]alongthickpieceofwoodormetalthatsupportsaroof梁;横梁EG:Thesittingroomhadexposedwoodenbeamsandalargefireplace.客厅里有几根裸木横梁和一个很大的壁炉。Thebeamscrackedandthetopfloorcavedin.横梁断裂,顶楼陷了下来。2.[C]alineoflight光线;光束EG:Icouldseethebeamofhistorchwavingaroundinthedark.我能够看见他的手电筒的光在黑暗中四下晃动。Thebeamsofsearchlightsarescanningthesky.探照灯的光束在天空扫过。<14>verticala.pointingupinalinethatformsanangleof90°withaflatsurface垂直的;竖的EG:Hisshirtwasapatternofverticalandhorizontallines.他的衬衫上是ー种纵横线条的图案。Bythetimethelifeboatarrived,theshipwasalmostverticalinthewater.救生艇到达时,那艘船差不多已是竖着立在水中<15>pillarn.1.[C]atalluprightroundpostusedtosupportabuilding柱子;柱状物EG:Concretepillarssupportthebridge.水泥柱支撑着大桥。Acharacteristicfeatureofthisareaisthedetachedpillarsofrockthatstandinthesea.这个地区的ー个典型特征就是那些散落矗立在海中的石柱。2.[C]sb.whoisimportantandrespectedwithinagroup顶梁柱;骨干EG:Fannyisapillarofthechessclub.范妮是象棋俱乐部的核心人物。IBM'sthreepillarsofbusinesswisdomareservice,people,andperfection.IBM的三大经营支柱是服务、员工和追求完美的精神。<16>rodn.[C]alongthinpolemadeofwoodormetal杆;竿;棒EG:Hewasgivenafishingrodforhisbirthday.他在生日时收到了一根钓鱼竿。Heboughtanewfishingrod.他买了一根新的钓鱼杆。<17>enclosevt.1.(usu.passive)surroundsth.围住;包住EG:Theparkthatenclosesthemonumenthasrecentlybeenenlarged.围着那座纪念碑的公园最近被扩建了。Thefencethatenclosedthehousewaspaintedwhite.房子周围的篱笆被漆成了白色。2.putinsideanenvelopeorparcel,esp.inadditiontosth.else把…装入信封;附寄EG:Ienclosesomemoney,whichyoumayneedforyourexpenses.我同时寄去一点钱,你可用来支付开销。WiththisletterIencloseaphotograph.随信附上照片ー张。<18>cupboardn.[C]apieceoffurnitureusedforstoringclothes,plates,food,etc.橱柜;壁橱EG:Thesugarisinthecupboard.白糖在食品橱里。There*sacupboardwhereyoucanputyourclothes.有个橱柜可以用来放你的衣服。<19>cabinetn.1.[C]apieceoffurnitureusedforstoringorshowingthings储藏柜;陈列柜EG:Valuedpiecesofchinamaybedisplayedinthecabinet.贵重的瓷器可摆放在橱里。Motherkeepshergooddishesinachinacabinet.母亲把她的好碟子放在瓷器柜中。2.[C](alsoCabinet)agroupofadvisorschosenbytheleaderofagovernment内阁EG:MembersofthecabinetwerechosenbythePrimeMinister.内阁成员是由首相挑选的。TheCabinetis/aremeetingtodaytodiscussthecrisis.内阁今天要开会商讨如何应对这次危机。<20>fastenfasten(v.)—fast(a.);vt.firmlycloseawindow,gate,etc.sothatitwillnotopen锁好;闩好EG:Makesurethatyourseatbeltissecurelyfastened.确信你的安全带系牢了。Shefastenedthenoticetotheboard.她把通知固定在布告栏里。<21>accidentalaccidental(a.)-accident(n.);a.happeningbychance偶然的;意外的EG:Areyouinsuredagainstaccidentaldamagetoyourproperty?你参加了财产意外损伤保险了吗?Regulationsareneededtolimitaccidentalreleasesofthesechemicals.需要有制度来限制这些化学物意外泄漏。<22>accidentallyad.bychance偶然地;意外地EG:Iaccidentallylockedmyselfoutofthehouse.我不小心将自己锁在了屋外。Shefelloffthebalancebeamaccidentally.她意外地从平衡木上掉了下来。<23>regionn.[C]anareaofacountryortheworld地区;区域EG:ThisregionofFranceisverymountainous.法国的这一地区有很多山。Severewinterweatherisexpectedinthenortheastregionofthecountry.预计该国东北地区冬天天气很冷。Heearnedintheregionof$800amonth.他每月大约挣800美元。<24>gallonn.[C](容量单位)加仑EG:Ilovemilk一!drinkgallonseveryday.我爱喝牛奶——我每天喝大量的牛奶。<25>bacterian.(pl.)verysmalllivingthingsthatmaycausediseases细菌EG:Bacteriaindrinkingwaterhavespreadtheillness.饮用水中的病菌传播了疾病。<26>receiverreceiver(n.)-receive(v.);n.1.[C]apieceofequipmentthatchangeselectronicsignalsintosoundorpictures接收机;接收器EG:ablackandwhitereceiver黑白电视机DoyouhaveanFMreceiver?你有调频收音机吗?2.[C]thepartofatelephonethatonepicksupinordertohearandspeak电话听筒EG:Remembertoreplacethereceiverwhenyouhavefinishedyourcall.记住,打完电话后把听筒放好。Jimhadhungupthereceiver.吉姆已经挂断电话了。<27>batteryn.[C]adevicethatprovidespowerforradios,cars,etc.电池EG:Thetoycosts$50-batteriesnotincluded.这个玩具售价50美元,电池另售。Theradiotakesfoursmallbatteries.这台收音机需要用4节小电池。<28>firstaidbasicmedicaltreatmentgivenassoonassb.isinjuredorisill总救EG:Getsomebandagesfromthefirst-aidbox,quickly.从急救箱拿些绷带来,要快。Doyouknowanythingaboutfirst-aid?你会急救吗?<29>spaden.[C]atoolusedfordigging锹EG:Richtreasureswaitfortheirspades.大量的珍宝等待着他们去发掘。Heusesaspadetodigthegarden.他用铁锹在花园里挖土。<30>extinguishvt.1.makeafirestopburning使熄灭;扌卜灭EG:Ittookushourstoextinguishthefires.我们用了好几个小时オ把火扑灭。Someonehadextinguishedthelightsinthekitchen.有人把厨房的灯灭了。makeanideaorfeelingstop使破灭EG:Nothingcouldextinguishhisloveforher.没有什么能阻止他对她的爱。Wemusttrytoextinguishthememoryofwhathashappened,andlooktothefuture.我们必须抹去对过去的事情的记忆,要向前看。<31>extinguishern.[C]ametalcontainerwithwaterorchemicalsinit,usedforstoppingsmallfires灭火器EG:Therearefireextinguishersoneveryfloorofthebuilding.大楼的每ー层都有灭火器。Usingextinguishers,heputoutthefireanddidnotleaveuntilalldangerwaspassed.他用灭火器把火扑灭,直到不再有任何危险后オIAJ7T〇<32>handyhandy(a.)-hand(n./v);a.nearandeasytoreach手边的EG:Alwayskeepafirst-aidkithandy.身边常备ー个急救箱。Healwayskeepsapenhandyforsigningforhisfans.为了给他的崇拜者签字,他总是随身带着笔。<33>portablea.abletobecarriedormovedeasily轻便的;手提式的EG:Ialwayscarryaportablecomputerwithme.我总是随身带着一台手提式计算机。ThishospitalhasitsownportableX-rayequipment.这家医院拥有自己的便携式X光设备。<34>bootn.[C]atypeofshoesthatcoversthefootandpartoftheleg靴子EG:Iputonmycoatandnewleatherboots.我穿上外套和新皮靴。Shewaswearingthesortofthickheavybootsthatsoldierswear.她穿着土兵穿的那种厚重的靴子。<35>fragmentn.[C]asmallpieceofsth.thathasbroken碎片;断片EG:Theroadwascoveredwithfragmentsofglassfromthebrokenwindow.马路上洒满了打碎了的窗户的玻璃碎片。Hecouldonlyrememberfragmentsofwhathappened.对于所发生的事他只记得一些零星的情况。<36>chaosn.[U]astateofconfusionanddisorderツ昆舌L;无秩序EG:Snowandicehavecausedchaosontheroads.冰雪导致道路上秩序混乱。Afterthefailureofelectricitysupplies,thecitywasinchaos.断电之后全城一片混乱。<37>arrangementarrangement(n.)-arrange(v.);n.[C]anagreementorplanmadeinpreparationforsth,安排;筹备EG:Itwouldnormallycost$500,butI'msurewecancometosomearrangement.正常价格是500美元,但我相信我们可以再协商。Theymadeanarrangementtosharethecostofthefood.他们商议好如何分担食物的费用。<38>sensiblesensible(a.)—sense(n./v.);a.reasonableandpractical明智的;合理的EG:Ithinkthesensiblethingtodoistophonebeforeyougo.我觉得在你去之前最好先打个电话。Itwassensibleofhertopostponethetrip.她推迟旅行是明智的。Areyousensibleofthedangersofyourposition?你觉察到你处境的危险没有?<39>crustn.[C,U]thethickoutersurfaceoftheEarthタト冗;地壳EG:Acrustappearstohaveformedoverthevolcanicrubble.火山石表面似乎形成了一层硬壳。Thecrustcanbedividedintotwotypes,oceanicandcontinental.地壳可以被分成两类:海洋性的和大陆性的。<40>probabilityprobability(n.)-probable(a.);n.[C,U]howlikelysth.istohappen可能性EG:There'sverylittleprobabilityofanagreementbeingreached.达成协议的可能性很小。Thereisastrongprobabilitythatthetumorisoperable.这个肿瘤极可能是可以割除的。<41>accuracyaccuracy(n.)-accurate(a.)—accurately(ad.);n.[U]thequalityofbeingaccurate精确性,准确性EG:Thecomputercanpredictchangeswithasurprisingdegreeofaccuracy.计算机可以以惊人的准确性预测变化。Accuracyisessentialinthecalculation.在计算中准确性是非常重要的。<42>predictionprediction(n.)—predict(v.);n.[C,U]astatementaboutwhatonethinkswillhappeninthefuture预测;预百EG:apredictionofcatastrophe对大灾难的预言Thegovernmentmaintaineditspredictionthatinflationwillholdto8.5%thisyear.政府坚持其对于今年通货膨胀将会保持在8.5%的这ー预测。<43>occurrenceoccurrence(n.)-occur(v.);n.[C]sth.thathappens,esp.sth.unexpectedandunpleasant事情;事件EG:Fightingisaneverydayoccurrenceinthisareaofthecity.在城市的这个地区,街头殴斗是每天都要发生的事情。<44>resistantresistant(a.)—resistance(n.)—resist(v.);a.1.notharmedoraffectedbysth.对...有扌氐饥カ的EG:adiseasethatisresistanttoantibiotics对抗生素有抗药カ的ー种疾病Employersbyandlargeareresistanttomediation.从总体上说,雇主是抵制调解的。2.opposedtosth,抵制的;对抗的EG:Whyareyousoresistanttochange?你为何如此反对变革?Mycountryisstronglyresistanttoanyforeigninterference.我国强烈反对任何外国干涉。<45>precautionprecaution(n.)-caution(n./v.)—cautious(a.);n.[C]anactionwhichisdonetopreventsth.unpleasantordangerousfromhappening预防;预防措施EG:Halfofallburglariesarecarriedoutonhomeswhoseownershavefailedtotakethebasicprecautionoflockingdoorsandwindows.一半的盗窃发生在主人未采取锁门关窗这样基本预防措施的人家。Wehavetakenalltheprecautionswecanagainstthepaintingbeingstolen.我们采取了一切可能的措施防止这幅画被盗。<46>relatedrelated(a.)-relate(v.)—relation(n.)—relati