虚拟语气简要讲解及练习课件

虚拟语气杨慧芳虚拟语气

定义：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气的形式虚拟语气的基本用法虚拟语气在从句中的应用

虚拟语气的形式

假设类型条件从句谓语

动词形式

主语谓语

动词形式

与现在事实相反

动词的过去式(be用were而不用was)

would(第一人称可用should)

+动词原形

与过去事实相反

had+-ed分词

would(第一人称可用should)

+have+-ed分词

与将来事实相反

wereto+动词原形

would(第一人称可用should)

+动词原形

与将来事实可能相反

should+动词原形

would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形

3）Whattypeofautomobilewouldyoubuy_____？［A］ifyouhavefreechoicetochoosethecarsavailabletoday［B］ifyouarefreetochooseamongallthecarsavailabletoday［C］ifallcarsavailablewerefreetobechosenbyyou［D］ifyouwerefreetochooseamongallthecarsavailabletoday

2与过去的事实相反Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_____him,A)wouldhavetelephonedB)musthavetelephonedC)wouldtelephoneD)hadtelephoned____，hewouldhavecometoclass.［A］IfMikeisabletofinishhishomework［B］WouldMikebeabletofinishhishomework［C］IfMikecouldfinishhishomework［D］IfMikehadbeenabletofinishhishomework

IftheUnitedStateshadnotenteredtheSecondWorldWar，probablythe1940unemploymentrateof14％_____stillfurther.［A］wouldrise［B］wouldrisen［C］wouldhaverisen［D］hadrisen3与将来的事实相反

Jeandoesn‘twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe______ajobsheprobablywouldn’tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.

A.hastogetB.hadgotC.weretogetD.couldhavegot

4.省略if采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had,should,were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。Hadheworkedharder,he_____theexams.

A.musthavegotthroughB.wouldhavegotthroughC.wouldgetthroughD.couldgetthrough

____Iknownit，Ishouldhavetoldhim.［A］Have［B］Had［C］Having［D］If Hadn'tmycarbrokendown，I_____thetrain.［A］shouldhavecaught［B］mightcatch［C］couldcatch［D］hadcaughtWedidn‘tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewe__________him.

A.wouldhavetelephonedB.wouldtelephone

C.musthavetelephonedD.hadtelephoned

Butforhishelp，I_____.［A］shouldnothavesucceeded［B］hadnotsucceeded［C］didnotsucceed［D］havenotsucceeded

Butthathecametohelpme,I_____.［A］couldnothavesucceeded［B］didnotsucceed［C］couldnotsucceed［D］can'tbutsucceed虚拟语气在从句中的应用

虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用

1在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。Shewishesshehadmoremoney.IwishIdidn'tsaythat.IwishedIwerenotsoworried.ThenIwouldnothavehadtheaccident.IwishI______longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A.couldhavesleptB.sleptC.mighthavesleptD.haveslept

2wouldrather(宁愿),wouldsooner(宁愿),hadrather(宁愿)等词或短语后面的从句中的谓语动词应使用一般过去时表示虚拟语气，表示与过去相反的也可用过去完成时 I'dratheryou_____anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.［A］do［B］didn'tdo［C］don't［D］didn'tI_____ratheryoudidit.［A］had［B］should［C］shall［D］have3在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire,demand,advice,insist,require,suggest,propose,order,recommend,decide…)后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。

Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios______after11o'clockatnight.

A.werenotplayedB.notbeplayed

C.nottoplayD.didnotplay

4在expect,believe,think,suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句，用"should＋动词原形(或完成形式)“Ineverthoughtthatheshouldbesuchabraveyoungsoldier. _____thatthetimewillsoonberipeforinterventioninIran，theywouldbefacedbyalargearmy?［A］Itisbelieved［B］Shouldtheybelieve［C］Theywouldbelieve［D］Iftheywouldbelieve虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用1在表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词(suggestion,proposal,requirement,demand,desire,advice,order,insistence…)作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句中，需用虚拟语气。Weareallforyourproposalthatdiscussion_____.AbeputoffBwasputoffCshouldputoffDistoputoff

虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用在It's(high)time之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式。It'salready5o'clocknow.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttime_____?A.wearegoinghomeB.ifsheleavesC.wewenthomeD.ifshehadleft

Itishightimethatthiswrongspending_____.［A］checks［B］checked［C］waschecked［D］istocheck虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用

1虚拟语气在asif/asthough引导的方式状语从句

（1）表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。

Hefeltasifhealonewereresponsibleforwhathadhappened.

Heactsasifhewere/wasaTVexpert.

2在lestforfearthat和incase引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用虚拟语气，(should)+动词原形。WedarenotplayjokesonMr.Wanglestheshouldbecomeangry.Hehurriedon,lestheshoulddropoutintheforcedmatch.Everyattentionmustbepaidtohimlesthe(should)feelthatheisinferiortomyotherguests.He'sworkinghardforfearthatheshouldfailintheexam.

Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe___