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英语句子成分OfficeofWPSProfessorLauraAmrkhoul,2012英语句子成分OfficeofWPSProfessorL英语的5
种基本句型一、主语+谓语二、主语+谓语+宾语三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语Igivehimabook.四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Iwantyoutogowithme.五、主语+系动词+表语Itsmellsgood.Sheisateacher.主语+谓语+宾语英语的5种基本句型一、主语+谓语主语+谓语+宾语英语的8
大句子成分主语:subject
谓语:predicate
宾语:objectdirectobject(直接宾语)
indirectobject(间接宾语)定语:attributive
状语:adverbial补语:objectcomplement表语:predicative同位语:appositive英语的8大句子成分主语:subject
谓语:predi主语、谓语、宾语subject
predicateobjectdirectobject(直接宾语)
indirectobject(间接宾语)主语、谓语、宾语subjectdirectobjectTheprettygirlsingssongsonthestageeverySunday.Mumboughtmysisterapresent.Thesungivesuslightandwarmth.主语谓语宾语间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语直接宾语Theprettygirlsingssongson表语predicative定义:系动词后面的成分叫作表语。表语predicative定义:系动词后面的成分叫作表语。一、状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词。Heisateacher.Thesedesksareyellow.Iamallright.Wearehappynow.一、状态系动词二、持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay,stand。Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.Thismatterremainsamystery.Ican'tstayawakeanylonger.Thehousestandsemptyforalongtime.二、持续系动词三、表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look。Helookstired.Heseems(tobe)verysad.三、表像系动词四、感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste。Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.Thisflowersmellsverysweet.四、感官系动词五、变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run。Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.五、变化系动词六、终止系动词表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turnout,表达“证实”“变成”之意。Therumorprovedfalse.Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturned
outasuccess.六、终止系动词同位语appositive同位语appositiveMr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother’s.HetoldmethathisbrotherJohnwasaworld-famousdoctor.WeChinesepeoplearebraveandhard-working.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,is定语attributive定语attributive一、介词短语定语Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.TheboyinblueisTom.Therearetwoboysof9,andthreeof10.一、介词短语定语二、形容词定语所有的形容词,只要后面加名词,都是定语。Sheisabeautifulgirl.Youareallhard-workingstudents.二、形容词定语三、名词定语Theboyneedsaballpen.Thewomandoctorismymother.三、名词定语四、副词定语Theboythereneedsapen.ThebestboyhereisTom.Readtheparagraphbelow.Wehadtogetoffandtakethebusbehind.四、副词定语五、不定式定语Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen.Thereisnothingtodotoday.Heisthebestmantodothejob.五、不定式定语六、分词定语Thesmilingboyneedsthepenboughtbyhismother.Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.Theybuiltahighwayleadingintothemountains.Theswimmingpoolisoverthere.六、分词定语七、定语从句Ilikethebookthat/whichTomisreading.Henryistheboywho/thatisreadingabook.Wearehelpingthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.Heisthemanwhom
/thatIsawyesterday.IusedtoplaywithhimintheyearswhenIlivedinthecountryside.Itisthereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschool.IlikethevillagewhereIspentmychildhood.七、定语从句状语adverbial状语adverbial一、时间状语Sheistobemarriednext
month.她预定在下个月结婚。I’llmeetyouat4o’clock.我将在4点钟和你见面。Alotofstudentsmissedmylectureyesterday.昨天许多学生误了我的课。一、时间状语二、地点状语Ifirstmethimin
Paris.我初次见到他是在巴黎。注:地点状语除表位置外,还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如:Areyougladtobegoingback
to
school?返回学校你感到高兴吗?
Theylivedmany
miles
from
the
town.他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。二、地点状语三、方面状语Sheisveryweakin
physics.她物理很不行。Chinaisveryrichin
natural
resources.中国自然资源丰富。Thisisbetterin
every
waythanthat.这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。Thebridgeis2500metersin
lengthand150metersin
height.这座桥长2500米,高150米。三、方面状语四、原因状语Hewassurprisedat
what
she
said.听到她说的话,他很吃惊。Hesucceededby
hard
work.他由于努力工作而成功。Hewassenttoprisonfor
robbery.他因为抢劫而坐牢。四、原因状语五、结果状语Hetalkedhiswifeinto
buying
acar.他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。Itrainedheavily,causing
severe
flooding
in
that
country.大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。五、结果状语六、目的状语Theywentoutforawalk.他们出去散步了。Hestoodasidefor
her
topass.他靠边站让她过去。Hecuppedhiseartohearbetter.他的手捂着耳朵,以便听得更清楚。六、目的状语七、条件状语Canyouseewithout
your
glasses?你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?United,westand;divided,wefall.团结则存,分裂则亡。WithmoremoneyIwouldbeabletobuyit.钱多一点的话,我就买得起。七、条件状语八、让步状语Forallhismoney,he’saverylonelyman.他虽然富有,可是非常寂寞。Carolwenttoworkinspiteoffeelingill.卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。八、让步状语九、程度状语Idon’tlikecoffeevery
much.我不太喜欢咖啡。Toagreatextent,itisnotfair.在很大程度上,这是不公平的。Thesystemwhichisusedinthisschoolisverysuccessful.这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。九、程度状语十、方式状语Wecameonthebus.我们坐公共汽车来的。Youmustpaythebillin
cash.你必须用现金付账。Iwatchedthegameon
television.我在电视上收看了那场比赛。十、方式状语十一、伴随状语Isleptwiththewindowopen.我开着窗睡觉。Shesaidgood-byewith
tears
in
her
eyes.她含着泪水说再见。Heranuptoherbreathing
heavily.他气喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。十一、伴随状语十二、比较状语LessonTwoisnotasdifficultas
Lesson
One.Ourclassisbiggerthan
yours.十二、比较状语十三、评注性状语To
be
honest,Idon’tlikehimatall. 老实说,我根本不喜欢他。Generally
speaking,mencanrunfasterthanwomen.一般说来,男人比女人跑得快一些。Perhapsitwill,perhapsitwon’t. 也许会,也许不会。十三、评注性状语补语objectcomplement定义:置于宾语之后补充说明宾语的叫做宾语补语。补语objectcomplement定义:置于宾语之后补充一、不定式Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。Webelievehimtobeguilty.我们认为他是有罪的。Wemadehimcopy
the
sentence.Heismadeto
copy
the
sentence.一、不定式二、名词Atthemeetingweelectedhimmonitor.Atthemeetingweelectedhimanewmonitor.Ithinkyourbrotheracleverboy.二、名词三、形容词WhatyousaidmadeXiaoWangangry.Ifoundtheclassroomempty.三、形容词四、副词Pleasecallthestudentsbackatonce.Hewasseentotakehiscapoff.四、副词五、现在分词Wehearhimsinginginthehall.Ifoundhimlyinginbed,sleeping.五、现在分词六、过去分词Hesawhisfacereflectedinthewater.Ihearditspokenofinthenextroom.六、过去分词Thankyou!Thankyou!英语句子成分OfficeofWPSProfessorLauraAmrkhoul,2012英语句子成分OfficeofWPSProfessorL英语的5
种基本句型一、主语+谓语二、主语+谓语+宾语三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语Igivehimabook.四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Iwantyoutogowithme.五、主语+系动词+表语Itsmellsgood.Sheisateacher.主语+谓语+宾语英语的5种基本句型一、主语+谓语主语+谓语+宾语英语的8
大句子成分主语:subject
谓语:predicate
宾语:objectdirectobject(直接宾语)
indirectobject(间接宾语)定语:attributive
状语:adverbial补语:objectcomplement表语:predicative同位语:appositive英语的8大句子成分主语:subject
谓语:predi主语、谓语、宾语subject
predicateobjectdirectobject(直接宾语)
indirectobject(间接宾语)主语、谓语、宾语subjectdirectobjectTheprettygirlsingssongsonthestageeverySunday.Mumboughtmysisterapresent.Thesungivesuslightandwarmth.主语谓语宾语间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语直接宾语Theprettygirlsingssongson表语predicative定义:系动词后面的成分叫作表语。表语predicative定义:系动词后面的成分叫作表语。一、状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词。Heisateacher.Thesedesksareyellow.Iamallright.Wearehappynow.一、状态系动词二、持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay,stand。Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.Thismatterremainsamystery.Ican'tstayawakeanylonger.Thehousestandsemptyforalongtime.二、持续系动词三、表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look。Helookstired.Heseems(tobe)verysad.三、表像系动词四、感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste。Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.Thisflowersmellsverysweet.四、感官系动词五、变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run。Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.五、变化系动词六、终止系动词表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turnout,表达“证实”“变成”之意。Therumorprovedfalse.Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturned
outasuccess.六、终止系动词同位语appositive同位语appositiveMr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother’s.HetoldmethathisbrotherJohnwasaworld-famousdoctor.WeChinesepeoplearebraveandhard-working.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,is定语attributive定语attributive一、介词短语定语Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.TheboyinblueisTom.Therearetwoboysof9,andthreeof10.一、介词短语定语二、形容词定语所有的形容词,只要后面加名词,都是定语。Sheisabeautifulgirl.Youareallhard-workingstudents.二、形容词定语三、名词定语Theboyneedsaballpen.Thewomandoctorismymother.三、名词定语四、副词定语Theboythereneedsapen.ThebestboyhereisTom.Readtheparagraphbelow.Wehadtogetoffandtakethebusbehind.四、副词定语五、不定式定语Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen.Thereisnothingtodotoday.Heisthebestmantodothejob.五、不定式定语六、分词定语Thesmilingboyneedsthepenboughtbyhismother.Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.Theybuiltahighwayleadingintothemountains.Theswimmingpoolisoverthere.六、分词定语七、定语从句Ilikethebookthat/whichTomisreading.Henryistheboywho/thatisreadingabook.Wearehelpingthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.Heisthemanwhom
/thatIsawyesterday.IusedtoplaywithhimintheyearswhenIlivedinthecountryside.Itisthereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschool.IlikethevillagewhereIspentmychildhood.七、定语从句状语adverbial状语adverbial一、时间状语Sheistobemarriednext
month.她预定在下个月结婚。I’llmeetyouat4o’clock.我将在4点钟和你见面。Alotofstudentsmissedmylectureyesterday.昨天许多学生误了我的课。一、时间状语二、地点状语Ifirstmethimin
Paris.我初次见到他是在巴黎。注:地点状语除表位置外,还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如:Areyougladtobegoingback
to
school?返回学校你感到高兴吗?
Theylivedmany
miles
from
the
town.他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。二、地点状语三、方面状语Sheisveryweakin
physics.她物理很不行。Chinaisveryrichin
natural
resources.中国自然资源丰富。Thisisbetterin
every
waythanthat.这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。Thebridgeis2500metersin
lengthand150metersin
height.这座桥长2500米,高150米。三、方面状语四、原因状语Hewassurprisedat
what
she
said.听到她说的话,他很吃惊。Hesucceededby
hard
work.他由于努力工作而成功。Hewassenttoprisonfor
robbery.他因为抢劫而坐牢。四、原因状语五、结果状语Hetalkedhiswifeinto
buying
acar.他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。Itrainedheavily,causing
severe
flooding
in
that
country.大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。五、结果状语六、目的状语Theywentoutforawalk.他们出去散步了。Hestoodasidefor
her
topass.他靠边站让她过去。Hecuppedhiseartohearbetter.他的手捂着耳朵,以便听得更清楚。六、目的状语七、条件状语Canyouseewithout
your
glasses?你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?United,westand;divided,wefall.团结则存,分裂则亡。WithmoremoneyIwouldbeabletobuyit.钱多一点的话,我就买得起。七、条件状语八、让步状语Forallhismoney,he’saverylonelyman.他虽然富有,可是非常寂寞。Carolwenttoworkinspiteoffeelingill.卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。八、让步状语九、程度状语Idon’tlikecoffeevery
much.我不太喜欢咖啡。Toagreatextent,itisnotfair.在很大程度上,这是不公平的。Thesystemwhichisusedinthisschoolisverysuccessful.这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。九、程度状语十、方式状语Wecameonthebus.我们坐公共汽车来的。Youmustpaythebillin
cash.你必须用现金付账。Iwatchedthegameon
television.我在电视上收看了那场比赛。十、方式状语十一、伴随状语Isleptwiththewindowopen.我开着窗睡觉。
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