【高考英语易错点05】形容词和副词 （试题+解析）

专题05形容词和副词易错题【01】形容词变副词的特殊情况易错题【02】形容词和副词的比拟级与最高级易错题【03】形容词与副词的误用易错题oi二形容词变副词的特殊情况(extreme)（2020年全国I9语法填空，L5分）Landingonthemoon'sfarsideischallenging.(extreme)1.(2020•全国HI卷)Asthesmallboatmoved(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.2.(2019♦全国II卷)Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominatedhertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.易错题02形容词与副词的比拟级与最高级(2020年新课标全国卷I9语法填空，1.5分)Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters,moresothefamiliarnearside.1.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.2.1twas(consider)ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.易错题03」形容词与副词的误用1.Wedon'tcareifahuntingdogsmells,butwereallydon'twanthimtosmell【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有nleavesb./sth.+adj/f结构，表示“使・•....处于某种状态”o因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为”感到吃惊的”。故填astonished。(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空)Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir10(day)routines.【答案】daily【解析】考查形容词。此处表示“观察当地人的日常生活”，修饰routines,故用形容词，故填dailyo(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空)Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat5(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!【答案】better【解析】考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中“than”可知，应该填写形容词的比拟级的形式，故填bettero(2021.6全国乙卷语法填空)Provide8(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.【答案】financial【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aido因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financialo(2021.6浙江卷语法填空)Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch4(small)thanitistoday.【答案】smaller【解析】考查形容词的比拟级，句中有than这个提示词，much修饰比拟级。句意：当房了建好时，它比现在要小得多。(2021.1浙江卷语法填空)But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed8(sharp).【答案】sharply【解析】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知theBMIdifference...hadnarrowed(sharp).修饰动词narrow要用副词，故答案为sharplyo(2021.1浙江卷语法填空)Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeoplelivinginthecountryside,including1。(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【答案】lower【解析】考查形容词比拟级。句意：乡下的人条件差一些，包括更低的收入和教育水平，更高的健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levelsofincomeandeducation与highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.是并列关系，前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low要用形容词比拟级，故答案为lowero(2021.6全国乙卷改错)What'smost,doinghouseworkcanbeaformofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.【答案】把mentally改为mental【解析】考查形容词作定语。分析题目可知，此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词relaxation。故把mentally改为mentalo(2020•新课标I卷语法填空)Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的反面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremelyo(2020.新课标I卷语法填空)Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的反面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremelyo（2020•新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir"LuckyBamboo^^plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.66（certain）duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.【答案】Certainly【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。（2020•新课标II卷语法填空）The69（beauty）longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds（蒋蕾）makefantasticdecorations.【答案】beautiful【解析1考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches,用形容词形式。故填beautiful。（2020•新课标II卷短文改错）FmsurelyyouUlhaveagoodtime.【答案】将surely改为sure【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。（2020•新课标II卷短文改错）ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,suchthatwecanpracticetogetheroneveryday.【答案】将such改为so【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以故将such改为so。（2020•新课标II卷短文改错）Seeyousooner.【答案】将sooner改为soon【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。Seeyousoon译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比拟级。故将sooner改为soon。（2020•新课标III卷语法填空）Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait（画像）donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62.（fine）work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.【答案】finest【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finesto故填finesto（2020•山东卷语法填空）Inthe18thand19theenturies,36.（wealth）peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.【答案】wealthy【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people,应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。（2019•新课标I卷•语法填空）Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62（poor）studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudied,意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。（2019.新课标I卷•语法填空）Scientistshaverespondedbynoting（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsare68（high）thantheyactuallyare.【答案】higher【解析】考查形容词比拟级。根据其后thantheyactuallyare可知，此处为形容词的比拟级，故填highero（2019•新课标H卷•语法填空）Heryearsofhardworkhave63（final）beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated（提名）hertobeCheshire*sWomanOfTheYear.【答案】finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词havebeenacknowledged,意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。（2019・新课标II卷•短文改错）First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.【答案】First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedso:cool【解析】考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked(看起来……样)”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。(2019•新课标II卷•短文改错)Then,whenIwasinthefivegrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch....【答案1Then,whenIwasinthefive(fifth)grade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmytooEnglishteachermuch.very/so【解析】考查副词。句意：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想变成一名老师。"somuch”在句中一般表达肯定意思，可与that连用表示“如此……以至于"。而“toomuch”表太多，一般与to搭配，表达否认意思“太……以至于不能……:本句话表达肯定意思，非常somuch或verymuch,故将too改为very/soo(2019•新课标III卷•语法填空)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里Jso...that…”意为“如此.……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。(2018•新课标I卷•语法填空)Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscomisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.【答案】actually【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。(2018•浙江卷吾法填空)Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.【答案】affordable；higher【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的“故填affordable；考查形容词比拟级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比拟级，故填higher0B.bad；badA.wellB.bad；badC.well；badlyD.badly；bad支式练习Afewdayslater,themissinggirlwasfound(death)inthehouse.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir(nature)course.易错题通关(2021.6新高考1卷语法填空)Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill3(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!(2021.6新高考1卷语法填空)Butthafshownatureis-alwaysleavingus5(astonish).(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空)Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir10(day)routines.(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空)Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat5(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!(2021.6全国乙卷语法填空)Provide8(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.(2021.6浙江卷语法填空)Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch4(small)thanitistoday.(2021.1浙江卷语法填空)But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnaiTowed8(sharp).(2021.1浙江卷语法填空)Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeoplelivinginthecountryside,including10(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.(2021.6全国乙卷改错)What'smost,doinghouseworkcanbeaformofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.10・（2020•新课标I卷语法填空）Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62（extreme）challenging.（2020•新课标I卷语法填空）Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62（extreme）challenging.（2020•新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir"LuckyBamboo^^plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.66（certain）duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.（2020•新课标II卷语法填空）The69（beauty）longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds（蓿蕾）makefantasticdecorations.（2020•新课标II卷短文改错）I'msurelyyou'llhaveagoodtime.（2020•新课标II卷短文改错）ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,suchthatwecanpracticetogetheroneveryday.（2020•新课标II卷短文改错）Seeyousooner.（2020•新课标III卷语法填空）Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait（画像）donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62.（fine）work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.（2020•山东卷语法填空）Inthe18thand19thcenturies,36.（wealth）peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.（2019•新课标I卷•语法填空）Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62（poor）studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.（2019•新课标I卷.语法填空）Scientistshaverespondedbynoting（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsare68（high）thantheyactuallyare.（2019•新课标II卷♦语法填空）Heryearsofhardworkhave63（final）beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated（提名）hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.（2019•新课标II卷•短文改错）First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.(2019•新课标II卷•短文改错)Then,whenIwasinthefivegrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch....(2019•新课标III卷•语法填空)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.(2018•新课标I卷•语法填空)Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.(2018•浙江卷吾法填空)Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.专题05形容词和副词易错题【01】形容词变副词的特殊情况易错题【02】形容词和副词的比拟级与最高级易错题【03】形容词与副词的误用易错题01形容词变副词的特殊情况(2020年全国I,语法填空,L5分)Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis(extreme)challenging.【警示】此题容易出错的主要原因是混淆去掉最后一个字母e的场合。【问诊】形容词变副词，绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly例如：wise-wisely;polite-politely;absolute-absolutely;complete-completely;entire-entirely【答案】extremely【叮嘱】形容词变副词的规那么：.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;careful-carefully;hopeful-hopefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietlypolite-politely,wide-widely.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily;happy-happily;heavy-heavily;noisy——noisily;healthy——healthily;3以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y。如：true-truly；4.以le结尾的形容词，去e加y变成副词。^tl:terrible-terribly;gentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable-probably;responsible-responsibly;comfortable-comfortably;gentle——gently;simple——simply5•另外，副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来。如:loud(adj.)-aloud(adv.)支式练习.（2020•全国IH卷）Asthesmallboatmoved（gentle）alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.【答案】gently【解析】句意：当小船在河上轻轻移动的时候，他被在水中静静地倒映着的山峦惊得说不出话来。此处修饰动词move,用副词形式。.（2019•全国II卷）Heryearsofhardworkhave（final）beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominatedhertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.【答案】finally【解析】句意：她多年的努力工作最终被认可，之后一名顾客提名她为柴郡的年度女性。havebeenacknowledged是谓语，用副词作状语修饰。故填finally。易错题02形容词与副词的比拟级与最高级（2020年新课标全国卷I,语法填空,1.5分）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters,moresothefamiliarnearside.【警示】此题容易出错的主要原因是固定搭配记忆不牢。【问诊】句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多深的陨石坑，更常见的是近处。【答案】than【叮嘱】常用句型.同级比拟：as+形容词/副词的原级+as,其否认形式是“notas/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”。.比拟级结构：形容词/副词的比拟级+than;more/less+多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than。常见的修饰比拟级的词有any,much,even,far,byfar,alot,agreatdeal等。ThebookisfarmoreinterestingthanthebooksIhaveeverread.这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。.最高级结构：the+形容词的最高级（+名词）+比拟范围（in/of/among短语）；oneofthe+形容词的最高级+名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词有byfar,almost以及序数词等。Sheisthemostactivestudentinourclass.她是我们班最活跃的学生。.比拟级的常用句型(1)“比拟级+and+比拟级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示"越来越Holidayflightticketsaregettinglessandlessexpensive.假期的机票越来越廉价了。(2)“the+比拟级.・・・・.，the+比拟级..・・・.”,表示“越・・・・・・越・・・・・.Themoreyoulistenandread,thebetteryouwriteandspeak.你听得越多，读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。(3)“the+比拟级+of+the名词/代词”,表示“(两者中)较……的”。Ofthetwocameras,Iwouldpreferthesmallerone,whichisveryeasyformetocarry.这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。.比拟级形式表达最高级的含义(1)“否认词+比拟级”或“否认词+such/so…as”结构表示最高级含义。Yourstoryisperfect,I'veneverheardabetteronebefore.你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。⑵比拟级在以下儿种结构中均表示最高级含义：①比拟级+than+anyother+单数名词②比拟级+than+alltheother+复数名词③比拟级+than+anyoftheother+复数名词TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriver/thanalltheotherrivers/thananyoftheotherriversinChina.长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。6.倍数表达法常见的倍数表达句型主要有：(1)Ais+倍数+比拟级+than+B(2)Ais+倍数+as+原级+as+B⑶Ais+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+ofB(4)the+名词(size,length,height等)+ofA+is+倍数+that+of+B(5)Ais+倍数+what引导的名词性从句Smo