2023职称英语概括大意

一、theMakingofaSuccessStory发课文：IKEAistheworld’slargestfurnitureretailer,……justkeepsongrowing.〔六段〕1.Paragraph2〔C:TheoriginofIKEA〕2.Paragraph3〔D:Specializationinsellingfurniture〕3.Paragraph4〔B:Successbroughtbytheintroductionofshowrooms〕4.Paragraph5(E:Flatpackaging—afeatureofIKEA)5、Evenwhenhewasonlyachild，〔C:IngvarKampradshowedinterestinandtalentfordoingbusiness〕6、〔A:IKEAbeganasasmallstoresellingallkindsofcheapthings〕，andyearslaterbecameabigcompanyspecializedinmanufacturingandsellingoffurniture。7.CustomerslikedtheideaofIKEA’sshowroomsbecause(E:heretheycanseeandtrythefurnituretheyaregoingtobuy)8.AsflatpackagingsavesmoneyforbothIKEAandthecustomers，〔B:itishighlywelcomedbyboth〕第二篇ThePaperChase文件整理课文:“Runningahouseisalotlikerunningabusiness……neveroverstuffyourfiles1.Paragraph2〔A:Findaplacetoworkon〕2.Paragraph3〔E:Getridofunimportantthings〕3.Paragraph4〔F:Dealingwithbills〕4.Paragraph5〔C:Whatisagoodfilingsystem〕5.StephanieDentonisexpert〔B:inpaperchase〕6.Youcanputyourfilecartanywhereyoulike，oncondition〔C:thatitiseasilyreached〕7.Couponsshouldbethrownawaybecause〔A:theyareuseless〕8.“Mentallyflexble〞indicatesthefact(D:thatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentrequirements.三、EngilishandEnglishCommunity群体课文:Thereisnodenying…..partofourheritage1.paragraph2〔F:TheDefinitionofaSpeechCommunity〕2.paragraph3〔D:TheCompositionoftheEnglishCommunity〕3.Paragraph4〔A:TheWideUseofEnglish〕4.Paragraph5〔C:TheAdvantagesofLearningaSecondlanguage〕5.Onlythroughthesharedlanguage〔B:canaspeechcommunitybeformed〕6.Theideaofthenationalboundariesisoftendifferentfrom〔A:thatofspeechcommunity〕7.Speakersareclassifindintotwogroups〔D:forthesakeofsimplicity〕8.AnunderstandingofEnglish〔E:hasplayedanimportantroleinthefieldofeducation〕第四篇Alaska阿拉斯加课文:In1959AmericanswelcomedAlaskaintothe……goldandotherminerals1.Paragraph3〔F:LandandPopulation〕2.Paragraph4〔D:TheNativesoftheLand〕3.Paragraph5〔C:TransportationProblem〕4.Paragraph6〔A:RichResourcesoftheState〕5.Foraslongasthreemonthsofayear，thesun〔D:shinesdayandnight〕6.Accordingtostatistics，〔E:onlyaverysmallpercentage〕ofthetobalareaof….7.AlaskawasoriginallypartofRussia，butwasbought〔C:bytheunitedstatesinthe19thcentury〕8.GolddidnotbringtoAlaskaasmuchwealth〔A:asfishdoes〕第五篇WhydoesFoodCostsoMuch？为何食品开销如此之大？课文:In1959theaverageAmericanfamilypaid……forthesharpriseinfoodcosts1.Paragraph3〔E:Farmer’sDenialofIncreasedProfit〕2.Paragraph4(D:Middlemen’sLimitedshareintheAdditionalProfit)3.Paragraph5(B:ASurprisingAnswerGivenbytheEconomists)4.Paragraph6(A:TheCostofConvenience)5.Manypeopleagreethatfoodpriceshaveincreasedsharplybuttheyhavefailed(D:toagreeonthereasonsfortheincrease)6.Thefarmershavenotbeenbenefitedverymuch(A:Norhavethemiddlemen)7.Housewiveshavetopayforthetimetheysave(E:bybuyingpreparedfood)8.Theeconomistshavecometotheconclusionthatthecauseofincreasedfoodpricesliesin(F:thepopularizationofconveniencefood)第六篇Architecture建筑学课文:Architectureistobuildingasliteratureistotheprinted…haveallhadimportanteffects1.Paragraph2(C;restorationofancientcivilizations)2.Paragraph3〔A;Buildingmaterials〕3.Paragraph4〔B:Needofgreaterbuildingvarietiesinmodernlife〕4.Paragraph5〔E;Factorsaffectingmodernarchitecture〕5.Somebuildingaresowellconstructedthatarenotonlyuseful〔B:butalsobeautifultolookat〕6、Ancientgreekandromanarchitecturalstyles，withwererestoredduringrenaissance，werestillinfluential〔E:eveninthe20thcentury〕7、Asmodernlifebecomesmorecomplex，peoplehavetoputupmanydifferentkindsofbuildings〔A:tomeettheirneeds〕8、Theuseofnewbuildingmaterials….haveplayedanimportantrole〔C:inthedevelopmentofmodernarchitecture〕第七篇HowtoArgueWithYourBoss怎样与老板争论课文:Beforeyouarguewithyourboss，…...withyoutoachieveyourgoals1.Paragraph2〔D:Don’tgoinwhenyouareangry〕2.Paragraph3(E:Maketheissueclear)3.Paragraph4(C:Proposeyoursolution)4.Paragraph5(B:Putyourselfintheboss’sposition)5.Ifyouwanttoaskthebossforanything,itisimportanttofindoutfirst(B:howheisfeeling)6.Itisnecessarytomakecleartotheboss(D:whatyoureallywanttotaketohimabout)7.Itisnotwisetopresentthebosswithaproblem(E:withoutsuggestingawaytosolveit)8.Youmastbeconsiderateandthinkofthetroubles(C:thebossmayhave)第八篇Earthquake地震课文:Everyyearearthquakesare…..patternbeforemajorearthquakeshappen1.Paragraph2〔C:Intensitiesofearthquakes〕2.Paragraph3〔D:Causeofearthquakes〕3.Paragraph4〔A:Earthquakes’forecast〕4.Paragraph5(E:Indicationsofearthquakes)5.Notalldamageduringanearthquakeiscaused(A:bythequakeitself)6.Notallearthquakesarestrongenough(C:tocausedamageofpropertyandlossoflives)7.Scientistshavebeenworkinghardtowarnpeople(D:ofapossibleearthquake)8.Earthquakescanbepredictedbyobserving(E:theunusualbehaviorsofsomeanimals)(四)ScienceFictionAmongstthemostpopularbooksbeingwrittentodayarethosewhich….tomasteritsnewtechnology.1.Paragraph2E:OriginsofScienceFiction.2.Paragraph3C3.Paragraph4F4.Paragraph5D:DiffcultyinKeepingaheadofScientificAdvances.5.SomeformofidealsocietyisA:arecurrenttheme.6.BookswrittenbyJ.VerneareF:readworldwide.7.PeopleenjoyC:readingbooksofsciencefiction.8.WorksofmodernsciencefictionhaveD:politicalimplications.第九篇TransportandTrade交通与贸易课文:Transportisoneoftheaidstotrade….systemsalsohelptodeveloptrade1.Paragraph2〔B:Importanceoftransportintrade〕2.Paragraph3〔A:Higherlivingstandard〕3.Paragraph4〔D:Birthoftransport-relatedindustriesandtrade〕4.Paragraph5〔E:Roleofinformationintrade〕5.Thedevelopmentofmodernmeansoftransport〔C:hasgreatlypromotedtrade〕6.Onlywhengoodscanbecarriedtoallpartsoftheworldquickly〔D:isitpossibletoproduceonalargescale〕7.Transporthasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoeatwhateverfoodtheywant〔B:atanytimeduringtheyear〕8.Inthetradeofmodernsocietythetransmissionofinformationplaysasimportantaroleas〔E:thetransportofgoods〕第十篇MuseumsinTheModernWorld现代世界的博物馆课文：Museumshavechanged。Theyarenolongerplaces…...largebuildinganditshighlytrainedstaff1.Paragraph2〔C:MuseumsGettingClosertoMoreSpectators〕2.Paragraph3〔E:NewNotionsabouttheManagementofMuseums〕3.Paragraph4〔A:CausesofChanges〕4.Paragraph5〔B:IncreasingNumberofMuseumsandVisitors〕5.Nowmuseumsarenolongerrestrictedtotheprivilegedfew，but〔B:areopentomorepeoplewithdifferentsocialbackground〕6.Withthedevelopmentofsociety，people，especiallytheyoungpeople〔A:havehigherdemandsofmuseums〕7.Tomeettheneedsofsocitey，moremuseums〔E:havebeenbuiltandopentopublic〕8.Twomajorproblemsformuseumsarethattheyhavetoomanyvisitorsandthey〔D:chargetoolittleforadmission〕第十一篇IsThereaWaytoKeeptheBritain’sEconomyGrowing是否有方法使英国经济继续保持增长课文:Intoday’sknowledgeeconomy….innursingandcarehomes1.Paragraph2〔E:E:GiftofTalking〕2.Paragraph3〔C:StrengthoftheGreativeEconomy〕3.Paragraph4〔D:WeaknessoftheCreativeEconomy〕4.Paragraph5〔B:〞Servant〞Economy〕5.Everycountryhasitsownway(C:tofeeditspeople)6.TheBritishgovernmentdoesn’tseem(F:toworryabouttheBritisheconomy)7.Thecreativeindustriesfinditdifficult(E:tomakeaprofit)8.Manygraduatesareemployed(B:todolow-skilljobs)第十二篇Intelligence:aChangedView智力：一个转变了的观念课文:Intelligencewasbelievedtobeafixed…..bymoreandmorepeople1.Paragraph2〔C:EffectofEnvironmentonIntelligence〕2.Paragraph4〔A:MainResultsofRecentResearches〕3.Paragraph5〔F:AChangedViewofIntelligence〕4.Paragraph6〔E:ImpactonSchoolEducation〕5.Itwasoncebelieved〔D:thatintelligencewassomethingababywasbornwith〕..6.Morerecentresearches…..〔F:andpartlyhastodowithachild’slivingenvironment〕7.Itcanbeinferredfrom…(B:haveabetterchancetodevelophisintelligence)8.Childrenwerenotjust(A:borntobemoreintelligentorlessintelligent)…〔2023〕第十三篇ScreenTest透视检查课文：Everyyesrmillionsof…inanyscreeningprogramme.〞1.Paragraph2(A:HarmScreeningMayDotoaYoungerWoman)2.Paragraph3(B:InvestigatingtheEffectofScreening)3.Paragraph4(C:EffectsPredictedbyTwoDifferentModels)4.Paragraph5(D:SmallRiskofInducingCancersfromRadiation)5.Earlydiscoveryofbrestcancermay(C:savealife)6.Advantagesofscreeningwomenunder50are(D:stillopentodebate)7.Delayingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay(E:reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancer)8.Radiationexposureshouldbe(reducedtotheminimum)(旧)第十三篇ThePriceofIdlenessElectricaldevicessuchasCDplayers…usedinstand-bymode.1.Paragraph2〔D:EnergyConsumptionTest〕2.Paragraph3〔F:NonessentialElectricityUse〕3.Paragraph4〔A:FactorLeadingto…〕4.Paragraph5〔C:Proposalsto….〕5.IntheUSthehomeappliancesuse(D:themostenergy)6.TheenergywastedbytheelectronicdevicesintheUSissufficientto(C:poweralargecity.)7.Itisfoundthatpowerwasteismainlycausedby(F:stand-bypowerconsumption)8.Philipsstartedtodevelopadevicethatcangreatlyreduces(E:wastedenergy.)〔一〕EsteeLauderDiedThechildofCentralEuropeanimmigrantswhocreatedaninternational….thelastword.〞1.Paragraph2F:Birth.2.Paragraph3A3.Paragraph4C4.Paragraph5E:Cosmeticsempress.5.LauderregardedbeautyB:asthemostimportantthinginlife.6.LauderdiedA:attheageof97.7.Beforemarricge,shesoldproductsformulatedC:byJohnSchotz.8.Afterretirement,shecontinuedtoshowinterestE:incosmetics.(二)FordFord’sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturing….exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuycars.1.Paragraph1F2.Paragraph2B:Theassemblyline.3.Paragraph3E:Ford’sbiggestcontribution.4.Paragraph4C5.TheassemblylinemadeitpossibletoD:producecarsinlargenumbers.6.FordwasthefirsttoadoptE:the8-hourshift.7.Ford’scarsbecauseavailabletoordinarypeoplethankstoC:theirlowerprices.8.Ford’shigher-wageandlower-coststrategywasstronglyA:criticizedbythemedia.(三)RobotsThemostsophisticatedJapaneserobots….whocangettiredandbored.1.Paragraph2B:ExtensionofUse.2.Paragraph3E:FailingDemand.3.Paragraph5C4.Paragraph6D:GreaterReliability.5.EventhemostsophisticatedJapaneserobotsareB:basedonAmericandesigns.6.RobotsarelesspopularinBriaintodaypartlybecauseC:theyaretoocostly.7.OnedisadvantageofusingrobotsisthattheyconsumeA:toomuchenergy.8.ItisclaimedthatintroducingrobotsisE:goodtoqualitycontrol.(五)EvenIntelligentPeopleCanFallThestrikingthingabouttheinnovatorswhosucceededinmakingourmodernworldishowoftentheyfailed…theTitanicalltohimself.1.Paragraph2C:Edison2.Paragraph3D:Edison’scommentonfailure.3.Paragraph4A4.Paragraph5B:Qualitysharedbymostinnovators.5.Peopleoftendidn’trealizehowclosetheyweretosuccesswhenD:theyquitted.6.BeforeHenryFordeventusllydevelopedtheModelTcar,C:hefoundhimselfanunsuccessfulman.7.WaltDisneywasoncesopoorthatB:hecouldn’taffordtobuyapairofshoes.8.ThemediademandthatE:aninnovationshouldworkimmediately.(六)GlobalWarmingSmokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwaeming…thescientistsagreedinadraftreportfromtheworkshop.1.Paragraph2E:TheScientists’Agreement.2.Paragraph3C3.Paragraph4B:TheCalculationsMadeattheBerlinWorkshop.4.Paragraph5D:TheScientists’Agreement.5.Whenthecoverdiminishesinthecomingdecades,temperatureC:willriserapidly.6.TheconclusionreachedattheBerlinworkshopB:wassomewhatsurprising.7.TheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureE:wasmuchhugherthanhadbeenexpected.8.TheincreaseofgreenhousegasesA:willinfluencefutureclimatechange.(七)KeepingCutFlowersWhileeverybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundtheirhouse…Thewaterandsolutionshouldalsobereplacedeachday.1.Paragraph2D:MostImportantAspectofFlowerCare.2.Paragraph3C3.Paragraph4A4.Paragraph5E:NeedforCleanWater.5.AfewsimplefactswillhelpyoukeepcutflowersD:foraslongaspossible.6.RespirationplaysakeyroleB:inthelifeofcutflowers.7.TheagingofcutflowerscanbesloweddownE:bycontrollingtemperature.8.AnotherimportantwaytoprolongthelifeofcutflowersisF:toreplacethewaterandsolutioneveryday.(八)MessagesfromtheMediaTheweatherforecast,astoryaboutthecandidatesinanelection…aboutquestionsofwarandpeaces.1.Paragraph2C2.Paragraph3B:Television—ARichSourceofInformation.3.Paragraph4D:VariousMessagesOneMayReceiveEachDay.4.Paragraph5F5.EachdaywegetalotofmessagesformF:themassmedia.6.Television,radioandbooksareallimportantmediaofC:masscommunication.7.FormostpeopletelevisionisthemostimportantE:sourceofinformation.8.ThemassmediaareimportanttousbecausetheyshapeB:ourdecisionsandopinions.(九)NiceNameButShe’sSoDeadlyMorethanamillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesweretoldtoleavetheirhomes…Rita,Stan,Tammy,Vince,Wilma.1.Paragraph1B:Wamingofanapproachinghurricane.2.Paragraph2A3.Paragraph3D:Historyofnaminghurricanes.4.Paragraph4E:Organizationresponsiblefornaminghurricanes.5.OveramillionpeoplewerewarnednotC:tostayathome6.TheresponsibilityoftheUSNationalWeatherServiceisA:totrackhurricanesandissuewarnings.7.HurricanesaregivennamesB:toavoidconfusion.8.Attheendofthe19thcentury,women’snamesstarted.D:tobegiventotropicalstorms.(十)SearchingforSmilesAskmostpeopleanywhereintheworld…becauseordinaryhappinessisnotgoodenoughforthem.1.Paragraph2E:ReasonstoBeHappy.2.Paragraph3C3.Paragraph4D:CulturalDifferencesinHappiness.4.Paragraph5A5.ProfessorDeinerhasspentmanyyearsstudingD:culturaldifferences.6.ProfessorDeinerbelievesthatahappypersonislesspronetoF:illnesses.7.Oncewehavegotenoughtofeelsafe,moneydoesnotmakeE:muchdifferencetoourhappiness.8.AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,somepeoplefeelunhappybecausetheycannotappreciateB:ordinaryhappiness.(十一)60thAnnlversaryCeremonyinMoscowWiththousandsofsoldiersandwarveteransparading….attheTomboftheUnknownSoldiersonMonday.1.Paragraph2C2.Paragraph3F3.Paragraph4D:China’sdetermination.4.Paragraph5E:Schroeder’spleaforforg