托福语法基础语法-第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词课件

TOEFL&IELTS长难句精讲TOEFL&IELTS长难句精讲1第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词2.1非谓语动词

3种：动词不定式，动词的分词和动名词第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词2.1非谓语动词2不定式分词动名词动词原形：study带to的不定式：tostudy例子：ScottlikedtostudyEnglish.现在分词：studying；过去分词：studied例子：Scottisstudying.例子：Englishshouldbecarefullystudied.例子：Scottenjoysstudying.不定式分词动名词动词原形：study带to的不定式：tos32.1.1不定式

a.名词不定式Totakeatriparoundtheworldismydream.Iwanttoseehim.Myplanistoseeher.主语宾语表语2.1.1不定式

a.名词不定式Totakeatr4不定式做主语，可用形式主语It取代

Itismydreamtotakeatriparoundtheworld.名词不定式：it+宾补+名词不定式Ithinkitinterestingtohike.Imakeitahabittogetupearly.不定式做主语，可用形式主语It取代5b.形容词不定式

形容词不定式一般采取后位修饰，修饰前面的名词或代词Ihavesomehomeworktodo.Ihavenodesiretoarguewithhim.Thereissomethingtodo.b.形容词不定式6注意1：Thereissomethingtodo.Thereissomethingtobedone.

（强调被动的概念）注意2：Myplanistoseemylittlebrother.（既可以看作名词也可以看作形容词不定式）托福语法基础语法-第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词课件7c.副词不定式

Hecame

toseeme.Hesangasongtopleaseher.Heisable

tohandlethistoughmatter.Scottisapt

tolie.Mysonisoldenough

togotoschool.Heistoooldtoswim.修饰动词修饰形容词修饰副词c.副词不定式修饰动词修饰形容词修饰副词82.1.2分词

现在分词（V+ing）和过去分词（V+ed）助动词+分词复合谓语2.1.2分词

现在分词（V+ing）和过去分词（V+ed9分词的用法

1.分词可以作为形容词用表主动/被动的概念

表进行/完成的概念Theretiringprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom.Theretiredworkertookatripallaroundtheworld.Thismovieisprettyexciting.IwasexcitedwhenIwatchedthemovie.分词的用法

1.分词可以作为形容词用Thismovie102.分词可作名词使用

Thewoundedwererushedintothehospital.

Theunexpectedhashappened.2.分词可作名词使用113.分词可做副词用Itisfreezingcoldtoday.Theteaisboilinghot.3.分词可做副词用122.1.3动名词

动名词的形态与现在分词完全一样；动名词具有名词的性质，在句中也可以作主语、宾语及表语2.1.3动名词

动名词的形态与现在分词完全一样；131.动名词作主语

Playingwithhimisfun.

Seeing

isbelieving.

动名词构成的主语一般表示单数。例如：

Helpingothersgivesmegreatpleasure.1.动名词作主语142.动名词作表语Seeingisbelieving.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.注意动名词作表语和现在分词的区别：Heisdancing.（表正在发生的动作）Hishobbyisdancing.（表示一种状态）若“AisB=BisA”，V+ing是动名词，否则即为现在分词2.动名词作表语注意动名词作表语和现在分词的区别：153.动名词作宾语Ilikeddancing.Somebodydoesnotenjoysinging.Heisfondoftalkingalot.Hisillnesspreventedusfromstartingourownbusiness.

3.动名词作宾语164.名词性从句改写成动名词的所有格形式

Thatheteacheswelliswell-known.

Histeachingwelliswell-known.Ibelievethathestudieshard.Ibelievehisstudyinghard.4.名词性从句改写成动名词的所有格形式172.2谓语动词

主要由实义动词充当，可单独当谓语；be动词和某些动词短语也可以是谓语动词；

助动词，情态动词不能单独作谓语2.2谓语动词18Iseeabeautifulgirl.（实义动词）Sheisprettybeautiful.（系动词）Idolikethisbook.（助动词，复合谓语）Youshouldfinishyourhomeworktonight.（情态动词，复合谓语）Iseeabeautifulgirl.（实义动词）19

Iseeabeautifulgirl.（原形）Heseesabeautifulgirl.（三单）Isawabeautifulgirl.（过去式）原形三单过去式原形三单过去式20Be+现在分词=进行时Heis

readingabook.Be+及物动词的过去分词=被动语态Hewas

electedpresident.Have+过去分词=完成时态Hehaswrittentheletter.Do+not+动词原形=表否定Idonotseehim.Do+动词原形=表强调Hedidworkhard.Be+现在分词=进行时21课堂练习Theteachersintheprogramdescribedhowtheyfounditdifficulttoputasidetheimmediatedemandsofothersinordertogivethemselvesthetimetheyneededtodeveloptheirreflectiveskills.课堂练习Theteachersintheprogra22Eliminatingthesecrecysurroundingpaybyopenlycommunicatingeveryone'sremuneration,publicizingperformancebonusesandallocatingannualsalaryincreasesinalumpsumratherthanspreadingthemoutoveranentireyearareexamplesofactionsthatwillmakerewardsmorevisibleandpotentiallymoremotivating.Eliminatingthesecrecysurrou23TOEFL&IELTS长难句精讲TOEFL&IELTS长难句精讲24第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词2.1非谓语动词

3种：动词不定式，动词的分词和动名词第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词2.1非谓语动词25不定式分词动名词动词原形：study带to的不定式：tostudy例子：ScottlikedtostudyEnglish.现在分词：studying；过去分词：studied例子：Scottisstudying.例子：Englishshouldbecarefullystudied.例子：Scottenjoysstudying.不定式分词动名词动词原形：study带to的不定式：tos262.1.1不定式

a.名词不定式Totakeatriparoundtheworldismydream.Iwanttoseehim.Myplanistoseeher.主语宾语表语2.1.1不定式

a.名词不定式Totakeatr27不定式做主语，可用形式主语It取代

Itismydreamtotakeatriparoundtheworld.名词不定式：it+宾补+名词不定式Ithinkitinterestingtohike.Imakeitahabittogetupearly.不定式做主语，可用形式主语It取代28b.形容词不定式

形容词不定式一般采取后位修饰，修饰前面的名词或代词Ihavesomehomeworktodo.Ihavenodesiretoarguewithhim.Thereissomethingtodo.b.形容词不定式29注意1：Thereissomethingtodo.Thereissomethingtobedone.

（强调被动的概念）注意2：Myplanistoseemylittlebrother.（既可以看作名词也可以看作形容词不定式）托福语法基础语法-第二章非谓语动词和谓语动词课件30c.副词不定式

Hecame

toseeme.Hesangasongtopleaseher.Heisable

tohandlethistoughmatter.Scottisapt

tolie.Mysonisoldenough

togotoschool.Heistoooldtoswim.修饰动词修饰形容词修饰副词c.副词不定式修饰动词修饰形容词修饰副词312.1.2分词

现在分词（V+ing）和过去分词（V+ed）助动词+分词复合谓语2.1.2分词

现在分词（V+ing）和过去分词（V+ed32分词的用法

1.分词可以作为形容词用表主动/被动的概念

表进行/完成的概念Theretiringprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom.Theretiredworkertookatripallaroundtheworld.Thismovieisprettyexciting.IwasexcitedwhenIwatchedthemovie.分词的用法

1.分词可以作为形容词用Thismovie332.分词可作名词使用

Thewoundedwererushedintothehospital.

Theunexpectedhashappened.2.分词可作名词使用343.分词可做副词用Itisfreezingcoldtoday.Theteaisboilinghot.3.分词可做副词用352.1.3动名词

动名词的形态与现在分词完全一样；动名词具有名词的性质，在句中也可以作主语、宾语及表语2.1.3动名词

动名词的形态与现在分词完全一样；361.动名词作主语

Playingwithhimisfun.

Seeing

isbelieving.

动名词构成的主语一般表示单数。例如：

Helpingothersgivesmegreatpleasure.1.动名词作主语372.动名词作表语Seeingisbelieving.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.注意动名词作表语和现在分词的区别：Heisdancing.（表正在发生的动作）Hishobbyisdancing.（表示一种状态）若“AisB=BisA”，V+ing是动名词，否则即为现在分词2.动名词作表语注意动名词作表语和现在分词的区别：383.动名词作宾语Ilikeddancing.Somebodydoesnotenjoysinging.Heisfondoftalkingalot.Hisillnesspreventedusfromstartingourownbusiness.

3.动名词作宾语394.名词性从句改写成动名词的所有格形式

Thatheteacheswelliswell-known.

Histeachingwelliswell-known.Ibelievethathestudieshard.Ibelievehisstudyinghard.4.名词性从句改写成动名词的所有格形式402.2谓语动词

主要由实义动词充当，可单独当谓语；be动词和某些动词短语也可以是谓语动词；

助动词，情态动词不能单独作谓语2.2谓语动词41Iseeabeautifulgirl.（实义动词）Sheisprettybeautiful.（系动词）Idolikethisbook.（助动词，复合谓语）Youshouldfinishyourhomeworktonight.（情态动词，复合谓语）Iseeabeautifulgirl.（实义动词）42

Iseeabeautifulgirl.（原形）Heseesabeautifulgirl.（三单）Isawabeautifulgirl.（过去式）原形三单过去式原形三单过去式43Be+现在分词=进行时Heis

rea