人教版高中英语选修9：Unit 2 Sailing the oceansGrammar课件

人教课标高三选修9Unit2Unit2SailingtheoceansThePredicate谓语用来说明主语的动作或状态,由动词或动词词组担任。及物动词不及物动词连系动词情态动词动词可分为:需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词,及物动词后可跟一个宾语、直接宾语和间接宾语或一个宾语和宾语补足语。例如：及物动词直接宾语

Childrenseekindependence.Thetrialraisedanumberofquestions.HemadetheshortestspeechIhaveeverheard.Acouplewerehavingadrinkatatablebythewindow.HetookphotographsofVitainhersummerhouse.直接宾语和间接宾语。例如：Theygaveusawonderfullywarmwelcome.Mr.SchellwrotealettertheotherdaytotheNewYorkTimes.(…wrotetheNewYorkTimesaletter.)Itookouttheblackboxandhandedittoher.(…handedherthebox.)Ihadlentmyapartmenttoafriendfortheweekend.Heleftthenoteforheronthetable.一个宾语带宾语补足语。例如：Willis’sjokesmadeheruneasy.Lastyeartheymadehimcaptainoftheteam.Thepeoplenamedtheplace“TurboKutu”.Ithoughtitrighttogotherewithoutdelay.Haveyoufound

itdifficulttospeak?不需要跟宾语的动词叫不及物动词。例如：Herwholebodyached.Donaldwaslyingonthebed.Bobcoughedallnight.Alltheleaveshavefallenandwinteriscoming.有几个不及物动词后可以跟有与之同形的名词,这叫同源宾语。例如：Theyarelivingapeacefullife.=Theyarelivingpeacefully.Hediedaheroicdeath.=Hediedheroically.Thegirllaughedamerrylaugh.=Thegirllaughedmerrily.Hesighedadeepsigh.=Hesigheddeeply.许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词。例如：GusaskedmewhetherI’dliketohavedinnerwithhim.Iaccepted.(vi.)Iacceptedtheinvitation.(vt.)Hepaintedeveryday.(vi.)Hepaintedvividportraitsoffriendsandacquaintances.(vt.)Heranasfastashecould.(vi.)Sheranahotelinthecentreofthecity.(vt.)Fatherneversmokedordrankallhislife.(vi.)Hedrankagooddealofcoffee.(vt.)Atlastshethankedthemandleft.(vi.)AllIknowisthatMichaelandIneverleftthehouse.(vt.)连系动词虽具有词汇意义,但需要带有表语才能构成动词谓语。例如：Thestationseemsaverysmallone.Theyhave

remainedloyaltothegovernment.Theirhallwaslargerthanhiswholeflat.Thetaskofinspectingitprovedto

beexcitingandinteresting.Itsoundsunnaturaltous.MymemoriesofaLondonchildhoodarehappyones.Hisbodywasthecolorofbronze.动词词组或称短语动词,可以扩展或改变动词的意义,它们的构成是：·动词+副词Marywentawayforafewdays.·动词+介词TheotherdayIcameacrossaletterfromBruneiwritteninthelastyearofhislife.·动词+副词+介词Youmayhavecomeup

againstunexpecteddifficulties.情态动词与动词连用构成的谓语。例如：Imustleaveverysoon.Therichoughttopaytuitionfeesfortheirchildren.Youmayhaveheardofhim.Youshouldnothavedoneso.下面我们通过近年来的高考题共同复习一下谓语的常考点。1.单个动词作谓语【考例1】Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody_____themsince.A.seesB.sawC.hasseenD.hadseen【考例2】Ifnothing_____,theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.A.doesB.hadbeendoneC.willdoD.isdone【考例3】—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I_____himlater.A.willcallB.havecalledC.callD.willbecalling【考点透视】简单谓语有人称和数的变化,有各种时态、语态和语气,故高考题中对简单谓语的考查主要体现为对各种时态、语态和语气的考查。考例1中,根据句末的since可知,此处要用现在完成时。考例2中,nothing与do之间是被动关系,且由willturninto可知,do表示将来发生的动作。因为条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表将来,故用一般现在时的被动语态。考例3中,由“现在不在办公室”可知,答话者会晚些时候再打电话过来,故call表示将来发生的动作,故用一般将来时。2.短语动词作谓语【考例1】Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswill_____soonerorlater.

A.standoutB.breakupC.getoutD.turnup【考例2】Carolinedoesn'thaveagiftformusic,butshe_____itwithhardwork.A.goesbackonB.takesawayfromC.makesupforD.catchesupwith【考点透视】高考对短语动词作谓语的考查主要体现在词义辨析方面。考例1中,由Don'tworry和I'msure可知,眼镜迟早会出现（turnup）。考例2中,由doesn'thaveagiftformusic及并列连词but可知,她是在用努力来弥补（makesupfor）。3.“系动词+表语”构成的复合谓语【考例1】Generally,students'innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers_____essentialtotheirdevelopment.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were【考例2】Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI_____onFriday.

A.getpaidB.gotpaidC.havepaidD.hadbeenpaid【考点透视】系动词有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,要与作表语的名词、形容词、介词短语、过去分词等连用。常见的系动词有be,look,appear,keep,taste,feel,stay,become,get,remain,go,turn,grow等。考例1中,句子的主语是students'innermotivation,故系动词用单数形式,又因为描述的是通常的情况,故用一般现在时。考例2中,从句中用一般现在时表示将来,且I与pay之间是被动关系,故选getpaid。4.“动词+不定式”构成的复合谓语【考例】Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseems_____wrongwithit.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone【考点透视】用于本结构的动词本身具有一定的词义,但不能单独表达一个完整的意义,必须同不定式结合起来才能使意义完整,所以这类动词又被称为半助动词。常见的这类动词有appear,come,fail,get,happen,seem等。高考题中对此类谓语的考查主要是考查不定式。要注意不定式根据不同的语境有不同的形式：一般式、进行式和完成式。在该考例中,发动机出问题是“发动不起来”之前发生的事,且因为seem后接不定式,故在此用不定式的完成式。5.“be+形容词+不定式”构成的复合谓语【考例1】Whatareyoudoingoutofbed,Tom?You're_____tobeasleep.A.supposedB.knownC.thoughtD.considered【考例2】Studiesshowthatpeoplearemore_____tosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.sure【考点透视】这部分的“be+形容词”结构也是半助动词,本身虽有词义,但不能独立作谓语,要与不定式一起构成复合谓语。常见的这类结构有beableto,beanxiousto,beboundto,becertainto,bedeterminedto,beeagerto,belikelyto,bereadyto,besureto等。6.“情态动词+实义动词”构成的复合谓语【考例1】I______haveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.

A.mightn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.couldn't【考例2】Lifeisunpredictable;eventhepoorest_____becometherichest.

A.shallB.mustC.needD.might【考点透视】“情态动词+实义动词”构成的复合谓语,在高考题中主要体现为对情态动词的考查。考例1中,由“这里的同学们对我非