2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号53

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

ThetrainwaswhirlingonwardwithsuchdignityofmotionthataglancefromthewindowseemedsimplytoprovethatplainsofTexaswerepouringeastward.Vastflatsofgreengrass,dull-huedspacesofmesquiteandcactus,littlegroupsofframehouses,woodsoflightandtendertrees,allweresweepingintotheeast,sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice.

AnewlymarriedpairhadboardedthiscoachatSanAntonio.Theman’sfacewasreddenedfrommanydaysinthewindandsun,andadirectresultofhisnewblackclotheswasthathisbrick-coloredhandswereconstantlyperforminginamostconsciousfashion.Fromtimetotimehelookeddownrespectfullyathisattire.Hesatwithahandoneachknee,likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop.Theglanceshedevotedtootherpassengerswerefurtiveandshy.

Thebridewasnotpretty,norwassheveryyoung.Sheworeadressofbluecashmere,withsmallreservationsofvelvethereandthere,andwithsteelbuttonsabounding.Shecontinuallytwistedherheadtoregardherpuffsleeves,verystiff,andhigh.Theyembarrassedher.Itwasquiteapparentthatshehadcooked,andthatsheexpectedtocook,dutifully.Theblushescausedbythecarelessscrutinyofsomepassengersasshehadenteredthecarwerestrangetoseeuponthisplain,under-classcountenance,whichwasdrawninplacid,almostemotionlesslines.

Theywereevidentlyveryhappy.“Everbeeninaparlor-carbefore?”heasked,smilingwithdelight.

“No.”sheanswered;“Ineverwas.It’sfine,isn’tit?”

“Great!Andthenafterawhilewe’llgoforwardtothedinnerandgetabiglay-out.Freshmealintheworld.Chargeadollar.”

“Oh,dothey?”criedthebride.“Chargeadollar?Why,that’stoomuch—forus—aren’tit,Jack?”

“Northistrip,anyhow,”heansweredbravely.“We’regoingtogothewholething.”

Laterheexplainedtoheraboutthetrains.“Yousee,it’sathousandmilesfromoneendofTexastotheother;andthisrunsrightacrossit,andneverstopsbutfourtimes.”Hehadtheprideofanowner.Hepointedouttoherthedazzlingfittingsofthecoach;andintruthhereyesopenedwiderandshecontemplatedthesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.Atoneendabronzefiguresturdilyheldasupportforaseparatedchamber,andatconvenientplacesontheceilingwerefrescosinoliveandsilver.

Tothemindsofthepair,theirsurroundingsreflectedthegloryoftheirmarriagethatmorninginSanAntonio;thiswastheenvironmentoftheirnewestate;andtheman’sfaceinparticularbeamedwithanelationthatmadehimappearridiculoustotheNegroporter.Thisindividualattimessurveyedthemfromafarwithanamusedandsuperiorgrin.Onotheroccasionshebulliedthemwithskillinwaysthatdidnotmakeitexactlyplaintothemthattheywerebeingbullied.Hesubtlyusedallthemannersofthemostunconquerablekindofsnobbery.Heoppressedthem.Butofthisoppressiontheyhadsmallknowledge,andtheyspeedilyforgotthatinfrequentlyanumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.Historicallytherewassupposedtobesomethinginfinitelyhumorousintheirsituation.

“WearedueinYellowSkyat3:42.”hesaid,lookingtenderlyintohereyes.

“Oh,arewe?”shesaid,asifshehadnotbeenawareofit:Toevince（表现出）surpriseatherhusband’sstatementwaspartofherwifelyamiability.Shetookfromapocketalittlesilverwatch;andasshehelditbeforeher,andstaredatitwithafrownofattention,thenewhusband’sfaceshone.

“IboughtitinSanAntonfromafriendofmine,”hetoldhergleefully.

“It'sseventeenminutespasttwelve,”shesaid,lookingupathimwithakindofshyandclumsycoquetry（调情；卖俏）.Apassenger,notingthisplay,grewexcessivelysardonic,andwinkedathimselfinoneofthenumerousmirrors.

Atlasttheywenttothedining-car.TworowsofNegrowaiters,inglowingwhitesuits,surveyedtheirentrancewiththeinterest,andalsotheequanimity,ofmenwhohadbeenforewarned.Thepairfelltothelotofawaiterwhohappenedtofeelpleasureinsteeringthemthroughtheirmeal.Heviewedthemwiththemannerofafatherlypilot,hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence.Thepatronage,entwinedwiththeordinarydeference,wasnotplaintothem.Andyet,astheyreturnedtotheircoach,theyshowedintheirfacesasenseofescape.

1.Thedescriptionofthecouple’sclothesandbehavioratthebeginningofthepassageseemstoindicatethattheyhadasenseof（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdepictstheinteriorofthecoach?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeofotherpeopleonthetraintowardsthecouple?

4.Whichofthefollowingcontainsametaphor?

5.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatinthedining-car（）.

问题1选项

A.secrecy

B.elation

C.superiority

D.awkwardness

问题2选项

A.Modern.

B.Luxurious.

C.Practical.

D.Complex.

问题3选项

A.Theyregardedthecoupleasanobjectoffun.

B.Theyexpressedindifferencetowardsthecouple.

C.Theywereverycuriousaboutthecouple.

D.Theyshowedfriendlinesstowardsthecouple.

问题4选项

A....likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop

B....hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence

C....sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice

D....asdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil

问题5选项

A.thewaitersweresnobbish

B.thecouplefeltillatease

C.theservicewassatisfactory

D.thecoupleenjoyedtheirdinner

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。根据原文前半部分分别对这对黑人夫妇的描述“他坐在那里像一个在理发店等待的人。他向其他乘客投去的目光是偷偷摸摸的、害羞的。.......他们使她很尴尬。......当她上车时，有些乘客漫不经心地打量着她，这让她羞红了脸。这副相貌平平的下层阶级的脸蛋，原本线条简单，几乎没有什么表情，使得脸上的红晕很奇怪。”通过这些信息我们可以发现，这对夫妇很不自然，所以作者描写他们的着装和行为是为了体现出他们的尴尬，笨拙。所以选项D“awkwardness”正确。secrecy“秘密”；elation“兴高采烈，得意洋洋”；superiority“优越”，其他选项均不正确。

第2题:2.判断推理题。原文第九自然段提到了火车内部的装饰，“thedazzlingfittings令人眼花缭乱的设施”，“thesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.海绿色的天鹅绒、闪闪发光的黄铜、银和玻璃，以及像油池表面一样闪闪发光的木头”，这些信息都表明，火车内部的装饰非常奢华。所以选项B正确。

第3题:3.细节事实题。根据第十自然段“...anumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.许多旅客用嘲弄的眼光望着他们。”由此可知，火车上其他人对这对夫妇的态度是把他们当做一个笑柄，所以选项A符合原文。

第4题:4.判断推理题。metaphor指的是隐喻，暗喻。首先需要明确暗喻和明喻的区别，它们都有本体和喻体，但比喻词有差别。明喻一般用like,as,seem,asif,asthough,similarto,suchas等比喻词；暗喻一般不用这些比喻词，直接将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。选项A和D可首先排除，因为它们属于明喻。选项B不是比喻句，所以只有选项C正确，将地平线比作悬崖。

第5题:5.判断推理题。根据原文最后一个自然段，这对夫妇在餐车区遇到了一位服务员，服务员因为非常高兴所以对他们很友好，但除了这位服务员之外，还有其他的服务员，在第二句的时候就提及“两排穿着闪闪发光的白色西装的黑人侍者，带着事先得到警告的人的兴趣和镇定，盯着入口的地方。”以及最后一句“当他们回到自己车厢时，脸上流露出一种逃离的庆幸。”由此可知，这对夫妇感到非常的不自在，所以选项B正确。

2.单选题

Childrenare（）tohavesomeaccidentsastheygrowup.

问题1选项

A.obvious

B.bound

C.indispensable

D.doubtless

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obvious“明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的”；B选项bound“受约束的；被……限制的”；C选项indispensable“不可缺少的；绝对必要的”；D选项doubtless“无疑的”。句意：孩子们在成长过程中……会发生一些意外。本题还需要注意的是搭配，beboundto表示“必然”符合本句句意。

3.单选题

BACKin1922,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand...inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.

Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasseswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.

InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael'sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.Dr.AngristandDr.LavycomparethetestscoresformathsandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(i.e.,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.

Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthors,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathsscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.

ThebottomlinesaysDrAngrist,isthat"thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky.”Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept（）.

3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsgovernments'packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe（）

问题1选项

A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem

B.Edison'spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong

C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens

D.schoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea

问题2选项

A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups

B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods

C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools

D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance

问题3选项

A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage

B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect

C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores

D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods

问题4选项

A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet

B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram

C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect

D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching

问题5选项

A.biased

B.indifferent

C.disapproving

D.puzzling

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题干询问：我们可以从第一段中得知什么？针对爱迪生的言论，后文提到“we

allmakemistakes（当然，人都会犯错）”，由此可判断作者通过这样的表述暗指爱迪生的言论错误。因此B项“爱迪生的预言被证明是错误的”表述正确，而其余三项均不能由原文第一段得出，故本题正确答案为B选项。

第2题:2.细节事实题。题干询问Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy没有做下列哪件事？根据原文第三段可知，这两位研究人员“comparethetestscoresfor...（对比了学生的考试成绩）和Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershow...（询问教师如何使用各种教学材料）”，由此可判断A选项与B选项表述正确。再由原文第四段“Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe”可知，他们还提供了可能的解释。因此，A、B和D项都是这两位研究员所做的事情，而由原文第二段第二句“Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools”可知，C项launchthecomputerprogram是由以色列政府所为，并非这两位科学家，因此本题正确答案为C选项。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题干询问：根据以色列计划中Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy的表述，学生分数在测试中没有进步的原因是什么？根据题干可定位到原文第四段和第五段，分析这两段内容可知，两位研究人员提出了电脑没有提高学生成绩的三种最可能的解释。而在描述前两种解释时，都举出了不成立的理由，因此可判断A选项和B选项错误，C选项“使用电脑与考试成绩之间一直存在着负相关关系”只是一种现象，不是学生没有进步的原因。作者在阐述第三种解释时并未指出其不合理，说明这种解释有一定的可靠性。这种解释认为：学生成绩没有进步可能是因为在教学中使用电脑并不比其他教学方法更好（也许还更糟）”。由此可判断D选项符合题意。

第4题:4.推理判断题。题干询问：由文章最后一段可以推断出什么？作者指出“Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.”，所以要说明使用电脑有助于课堂教学这一说法得需要课堂电脑的推广者来证明。而根据“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.”可知，要证明他们的观点，唯一可靠的方法当然是进行一项适当的研究，把孩子随机分配给使用电脑的老师和使用其他方法的老师。因此，作者对以前的研究方法提出了质疑，A选项“在这个问题上还没有一个适当的研究”表述正确。B选项表示“学校当局应该提供证据来支持电脑程序”，C选项表示“在学校里安装电脑花费太多，但收效甚微”，D选项表示“在教学中，粉笔和谈话比电脑更有效”，均不可由最后一段内容得出。故本题正确答案为A选项。

第5题:5.观点态度题。题干询问：作者对政府在学校安装电脑似乎是什么样的态度？在四个选项中，A选项biased表示“片面的；有偏见的”；B选项indifferent表示“冷淡的；漠不关心的”；C选项disapproving表示“反对的；不赞成的”；D选项puzzling表示“费解的；令人困惑的”。前文作者讲到至少爱迪生没有浪费公共资金，暗示了在学校安装电脑取代教科书的使用是浪费公共资金。文章最后一段作者引用研究人员的观点，说明在学校安装电脑成本明确但收效甚微，并提出应该采用适当的研究方法来对比真正得出是否有必要在学校安装电脑来取代课本。因此，作者对在学校安装电脑这件事更偏向于持有否定的态度，故本题正确答案为C选项。

4.单选题

Mydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk（）far.

问题1选项

A./

B.such

C.that

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。本句中的that就相当于so,意为“如此”,修饰副词far。选项C符合题意。such后面要接名词或者名词短语。as的语义不符。

5.单选题

Theterm“folkcustom"isverybroad,butithasbeenusedbyfolkloriststorefertothosesharedpatternsofbehaviorsinaparticularfolkgroup.Thesepatternsofbehaviorsareregardedastraditionalandestablishedwaysofmembersoftheparticularfolkgroup.Folkcustomistotransmitbywordofmouthdemonstrationorimitation.ThefolkloreandfolkcustomsofEnglandarerichandvaried.Manycustomsareancient,passeddown,generationtogenerationfromtheGermanicandCelticancestors.Othersaremoremoderncreations.

Oneofthegreatestproblemsinassessingmostaccountsoffolkcustomsisthattheytendtogiveonlytheantiquary’s(古董商的，收集古物者的)pointofview.Afterall,tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved.Whyquestionthematlengthiftheydidn’tunderstandtheessentialnatureofwhattheyweredoing?Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas,whilepossiblyignoringorgivingonlypassingmentiontoaspectswhichmay,infact,beofequalimportance.

Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves:forinstancewhytheyindulgeinaparticularactivityataparticulartimeofyearoroftheirlivesandwhatfeelingstheyexperiencewhiledoingso.Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesaresowidespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirrorwhomustbeaware,tofullyunderstandthatscene,thathisownreflectionisamajorpartofwhatheislookingat.

Itis,however,alsotruetosaythatmanycontemporarystudentstofolklorearefullyawareoftheproblemswhichbesettheirenquiries.Liketruescientiststheydrawtheirconclusionbylookingatavailableevidence,ratherthanselectingevidencewhichfitswithexistingtheories.Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe“obviously’’ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncitiesindustryandsportetc.Theymay,forexampleenduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganismneverthelesshavemuchincommonwitholderactivitieswhichdo.

Manyfolkloristshavegraduallycometotheconclusionthatfolkloreisnotnecessarilyathingofthepast,arelicofancientandoutmodedwaysofthinking,butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworldortoconfrontitslackofsenseandtrytoalleviate(减少，缓和)boredomandsuffering.

1.Whyareearlyaccountsoffolkcustomsunreliable?

2.Whyisitdifficulttostudyfolkloretoday?

3.Whatisnewaboutfolkloriststoday?

4.Whatdoesparticipationinfolkcustomsmeantopeople?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageprobablyis（）.

问题1选项

A.Becausetheparticipantsdidnotrevealthesignificanceoftheircustoms

B.Becausetheparticipantswerenotawareofthemeaningoftheircustoms

C.Becausefolkloristsundervaluedtheopinionsoftheparticipants

D.Becausefolkloristsdidn’tconsidertheparticipantssmartenoughtoanswerthequestions.

问题2选项

A.Becauseparticipantsarenowinfluencedbyearlierstudiesoftheiractivities

B.Becauseparticipantsinsistontheaccuracyoftheirowninterpretations

C.Becausefolkloristsaretooconcernedtojustifytheirowntheories

D.Becausefolkloristsareoftenmisledbyunreliableearlierstudies

问题3选项

A.Theynowmorecautiousabouttheevidencetheyaccept

B.Theywanttoinvestigatethemoreobscureareasoffolklore

C.Theyarestudyingthecreationoffolkloreinpresent-daysociety

D.Theywanttodiscoverthelinkbetweenpaganismandsocialcustoms

问题4选项

A.Itcanbeofpsychologicalbenefittothem

B.Itenablesthemtoescapetheproblemsofthemodernworld

C.Itcanbeameansofregainingancientwisdom

D.Itisanattempttoreconstructwhatislostforever

问题5选项

A.FolkloreandFolkCustoms

B.ProblemsandTendencyofFolkCustoms

C.TheRevivalofFolkCustoms

D.FolkloreandFolklorists

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据题干信息可定位到原文第二段，由第二段可知，评判这些民俗信息时，最大的问题就是只给出了文物研究者的观点。毕竟，对于民俗研究者而言，他们所研究的群体单纯又没有文化，没有意识到自己保留的这些民俗文化的意义。后面又讲到，民俗研究者很可能依靠自己或者先入为主的观点侧重强调传统的某些方面，进而产生错误的判断因此，C选项表述正确，观察者低估了参与者的意见。A选项表示“因为参与者没有透露他们习俗的重要性”表述错误；B选项表示“因为参与者没有意识到他们习俗的重要性”表述错误，只是研究者自己这样认为而已；D选项表示“因为民俗学家认为参与者不够聪明，无法回答问题”，与原文表述不符，故本题正确答案为C选项。

第2题:2.细节事实题。题干询问：如今民俗研究比较困难的原因是什么？根据题干可定位到原文第三段“Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesaresowidespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.”，由此可知，而如今，从民俗学研究中衍生出来的想法非常普遍，它们很容易就会成为习俗参与者态度中不可或缺的一部分。”所以，A选项表述正确，原因就是参与者很容易被之前对他们行为的研究所影响。故本题正确答案为A选项。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题干询问：当今民俗学研究者的新体现在哪里？由原文第四段“Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe“obviously"ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncitiesindustryandsportetc.”可知，许多当代民俗学学生充分意识到困扰他们的问题。他们通过观察现有的证据来得出结论，而不是选择符合现有理论的证据。一些人也将目光从“明显的”古代转向了民俗的繁盛之处，比如在现代都市生活、工业以及体育等。由此可知，如今的民俗研究已经发生了转变，民俗研究者开始在现代社会中研究民俗，因此C选项表述正确。故本题正确答案为C项。

第4题:4.细节事实题。题干询问：参与民俗对人们意味着什么？由文章最后一段可知，民俗研究不再只是研究过去的事，不再是指古代遗物或者是过时的思维方式，而是人们想要理解世界或者面对某种观念缺失的方式，也是人们试图缓解无聊和痛苦的途径。由此可知，进行民俗研究可以为人们的心理带来益处，所以A选项正确，而其余三项均与原文表述不符。因此本题正确答案为A选项。

第5题:5.主旨大意题。本文前半部分主要讲述了以往民俗研究中遇到的问题，由于民俗研究者认为参与者头脑简单，又没什么文化，所以低估了民俗参与者的意见，这就导致研究者可能强调的只是某些方面，而忽视了重要的内容。现在，民俗研究发生了转变，不再只是研究过去的事物，也开始关注现代城市生活中的民俗，因此民俗研究的趋势也发生了变化。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是民俗研究的问题和趋势。故本题正确答案为B选项。

6.单选题

Thewind（）thelightoftheoillamp.

问题1选项

A.swayed

B.vibrated

C.shook

D.flickered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项sway“影响；统治”；B选项vibrate“振动；颤动”；C选项shake“动摇；摇动”；D选项flicker“闪烁，摇曳”。句意：风使油灯的灯光闪烁。因此D项符合句意。

7.单选题

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

问题1选项

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项rid“得到解脱的”；B选项ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C选项soup“使振作;打扮”；D选项dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光线太昏暗我没法看书。我再也受不了了。根据后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合题意。

8.单选题

Lawyersemergedfrom（）intheeighteencenturytobecomekeymembersofthecommercialcolonies.

问题1选项

A.prominence

B.obscurity

C.significance

D.originality

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。prominence“突出，显著”；obscurity“朦胧，晦涩，身份低微”；significance“意义，重要性”；originality“创意，创造力”。句意：18世纪，律师从默默无闻一跃成为商业殖民地的重要成员。此处需要注意题干中的“from...to...”，说明有转变，to后面是“重要成员”，而能体现这一转变的选项为Bobscurity。

9.单选题

Sometimesthestudentmaybeaskedtowriteabouthis（）toacertainbookorarticlethathassomebearingonthesubjectbeingstudied.

问题1选项

A.impression

B.reaction

C.comprehension

D.sentiment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。B选项reaction“反应”。A选项impression“印象，感想”。C选项comprehension“理解，包含”。D选项sentiment“感情，情绪”。句意：有时，学生可能被要求写自己对与研究课题相关的某本书或某篇文章的看法。impression和comprehension通常与of连用，reactiontosth..表示“（对情况、行动、影响等做出的）反应，回应”。因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporation’sbeforehejoinedourcompany.

问题1选项

A.confesses

B.declares

C.claims

D.confirms

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项confess表示“坦白；承认；供认”，B选项declare表示“宣布，申明，宣称”，D选项confirm表示“确认，确定，核实”，C选项claim表示“宣称，要求，索赔”。由句意可知，新同事宣称，他进入我们公司之前，在一些大公司里工作过。空缺处单词需与介词to构成搭配，因此本题正确答案为C选项。

11.单选题

Thereisno（）whateverforthemannerinwhichyoubehavedfoolishlyattheEnglishparty.

问题1选项

A.jurisdiction

B.justification

C.judgment

D.junction

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项jurisdiction“司法权，审判权，管辖权；权限”；B选项justification“理由；辩护；认为有理”；C选项judgment“判断；裁判；判决书”；D选项junction“连接；交叉点；接合点”。句意：你在英语晚会上的愚蠢行为根本就没有……。此处表示“愚蠢行为”是无理的，B选项符合句意要求。

12.单选题

Thecriminalhadplannedtoescapefromtheprison,buthisattemptprovedtobean（）.

问题1选项

A.abortion

B.accident

C.adventure

D.alarm

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。abortion"流产，计划（失败）”;accident“事故，意外”;adventure“冒险”；alarm“警报”。前面提到罪犯试图越狱，后面转折词but表明他没有成功，因此选项A符合题意。句意：这个罪犯试图越狱，但是他的计划没有成功。

13.单选题

WhenGinaGarroandBrianDupliseaadopted4-month-oldAndresfromColombialastmonth,theyweredeterminedtotaketimeofffromworktocareforhim.Sixyearsago,aftertheirdaughter,Melina,wasborn,thefamilyscrapedbyonDuplisea’s$36,000salaryasaconstructionworkersoGarro,aspecial-educationteacher,couldstayhome.Now,sinceGarro’sjobfurnishesthefamilyhealthinsurance,she’llheadbacktoworkthisfallwhileDupliseajugglesdiapersandbabybottles.Hisbossagreedtothetimeoff-buthewillhavetoforgohis$18-an-hourpay.Itwon’tbeeasy.ThoughGarro’s$40,000salarywillcovertheirmortgages,thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar.“Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity,”saysGarro.“Thingswillbetight.”

The1993FamilyandMedicalLeaveActwassupposedtohelpfamilieslikeGarro’s,offeringasafetynettoemployeeswhowanttotaketimeofftonurturenewborns,tendtotheirownmajorillnessesorcareforsickrelatives.Butwhilethelawguaranteesthatworkerswon’tlosttheirjobs,itdoesn’tcovertheirpaychecks.Onesurveylastyearshowedthatwhile24millionAmericanshadtakenleavessince1999,2.7millionmorewantedtobutcouldn'taffordit.Thatmaychangesoon.Inresponsetoincreasingdemandsfromvotersatleast25statesarenowexploringnewwaystoofferpaidleave.Onepossibility:tappingstatedisabilityfundsAhandfulofstates-NewYork,NewJersey,California,RhodeIslandandHawaii—alreadydipintodisabilitymoneytoofferpartialpayforwomenonmaternityleave.Butthatdoesn’thelpdadsorpeoplecaringforelderlyparents.NewJerseyandNewYorkmaysoonexpanddisabilityprogramstocoverleaveforfathersandothercaretakers.Thirteenstates,includingArizona,IllinoisandFlorida,haveproposedusingunemploymentfundstopayforleave.

Massachusettshasbeenespeciallycreative.Whenthestate'sactinggovernor,JaneSwift,gavebirthtotwindaughtersinMay,shedrewattentiontotheissuewithherown"workingmaternityleave":shetelecommutedpart-timebutearnedherusualfull-timesalary.EvenbeforeSwiftreturnedtoworklastweek,thestateSenateunanimouslypassedapilotplanthatwouldusesurplusfundsfromahealth-insuranceprogramfortheunemployedtogivenewparents12weeksoffathalfpay.Anotherplan,proposedintheHouse,wouldrequireemployerstokickin$20perworkertosetupa"NewFamiliesTrustFund."Businesseswouldgettaxcreditsinreturn.ThisweekSwiftisexpectedtoannounceherownpaid-leaveplanforlower-incomemothersandfathers.Pollsshowwidespreadpublicsupport—anotherreasonSwiftandotherpoliticiansacrossthecountryhaveembracedtheissue.

Stillnoteveryone'swildabouttheidea.Peoplewithoutchildrenquestionwhynewparents—thefirstgrouptogetpaidleaveundermanyoftheproposedplans—shouldgetmoregovernmentperksthantheydo.Businessgroupsareresistanttoproposalsthatwouldraidunemploymentfunds;severalhavealreadyfiledsuittoblockthem.Astheeconomyslows,manycompaniessaytheycan’taffordtocontributetoproposednewbenefitfundseither.Businesslobbyistssaytoomanyemployeesalreadyabuseexistingfederalfamily-leavelawsbytakingtimeofffordubiousreasonsorintinytimeincrements.Theproposedlaws,theysay,wouldonlymakemattersworse.

ForGarroandDuplisea,though,thenewlawscouldmakeallthedifference.AsMelinafixesapeanut-butter-and-jellysandwich,DupliseahugsasnoozingAndresagainsthisTshirt"We'retryingtodotherightthingbytwokids,andwehavetosacrifice,"Dupliseasays.InMassachusettsandplentyofotherstates,helpmaybeontheway.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthat（）.

2.WhenGarrosays"Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity",shemeans（）.

3.IfGarrolivesinMassachusetts,shewill（）.

4.Theword"perk"(Line2.Para.4)mostprobablymeans（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardspaidleaveseemstobethatof（）.

问题1选项

A.GarroandDupliseausedtoliveacomfortableandeasylife

B.Duplisea'sbossissoconsiderateastoallowhimtokeephisjob

C.Garrocanearnmoremoneysosheshouldgobacktowork.

D.Thecouplehavemadealotofsacrificestotakecareoftheirchildren

问题2选项

A.itexhaustsherfamilysavings

B.itplungesherfamilyintofinancialtrouble

C.itdeprivesherchildrenofhealthinsurance

D.itmakesherfeelinsecure

问题3选项

A.have12weeksoffathalfpay

B.telecommutepart-timebutearnfull-timesalary

C.leaveherjobwithoutpaytotakecareofherkids

D.get$20fromheremployerforherleave

问题4选项

A.grant

B.policy

C.encouragement

D.reward

问题5选项

A.opposition

B.suspicion

C.approval

D.indifference

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。题目问的是“从第一段，我们可以知道……”。文章第一段主要讲述了这对夫妻为了养育两个孩子付出了很多，在工作和养育孩子之间做权衡，因此选项D“这对夫妻为了养育孩子做出了很大牺牲”符合题意。

第2题:2.推理判断题。题目问的是“当伽罗说‘它会带走你的存款和保障’，她的意思是什么？”文章第一段提到伽罗夫妇不得不冻结养老账号，缩减女儿的课后活动，还要祈求汽车不出问题（thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar），由此可知请假照顾孩子让他们的经济问题越发严重，因此选项B符合题意。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题目问的是“如果伽罗生活