英语二各题型解题技巧-第6部分完形补文

第六部分：完（1）-er,or,istee,ian,ese,ant等用于构成表示人或物的名称。如:writer,translator,trainee,employee,scientist,physicist,musician,physician,Italian,Asian,Chinese,assistant等。（2）-ance,-ence,-(a)tion,-sion,-al,-ing,-ity,-ment,-th,-ty,-- 如：acceptance,assistance,dependence,confidence,repetition,preparation,discussion,division,arrival,survival（survivorsurvival）approval,disapproval,building,reality,simplicity,ability,rapidity,regularity,argument,warmth,length,growth,safety,leadership,failure,pressure,friendship等。（3）其他名词后缀：-hood,ness,ology,phyr,o,followingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.Hewastheonly inthisaircrash.Infacthissurprisedallofus.A．survivor,survivorB．survival,survivalCsurvival,survivorDsurvivor,survival【答案】survival的区别。survivor意为"幸存者"，survival意为"幸存，生存"，故选择D构成形容词的常用后缀有：-able,ible,al,ful,less,ish,ive,ous,anic,responsible,natural,national,powerful,helpful,faithful,successful,fearless,useless,helpless,selfless,selfish,childish,decisive,famous,continuous,African,American,European,scientific,historic,friendly,lively,wooden等。ofthewordinthebracketsfillintheblank.Hisadviceisofgreatvaluetothesuccessfulcompletionofourtask.Thatis,hisadviceis (valuable)tothesuccessofourtask.AinvaluablyBvaluablyCinvaluableDvalueless【答案】invaluablevaluable的强调形式，意为"无价的"，相构成动词的常用后缀有：-ise/ize,en,ify如：modernize,realize,widen,strengthen,beautify,modify（修饰）backward(s),forward(s),clockwise,likewise同样地,,luckily,heavily。true-ofthewordsinthebracketstofillintheblanks (lucky),hehascarriedouttheproject(complete)aheadofschedule.A．Luckiness,compleyB．Luckily,compleyC．Luckily,completionD．Unluckily,completly【答案】A。第二个空格处要填的单词修饰动词短语carryouttheproject，因此同样选择副词，compley为正确拼写形式，故选B【知识点】副词表示相反意义的前缀有：undis,inim,ir,il,de如：unhappy,unreasonable, fortable,uncover（）,unload（卸货）,dislike（注意比较unlike）,dishonest,disagree,informal,inaccurate,inactive,imbalanced,impossible,immobile,irregular,irresponsible,illegal,illogical,ofthewordsinthebracketstofillintheblanks (like)hisyoungerbrother,he verymuchwhilehisbotheriscrazyaboutit.A．Unlike,dislikesB．Dislike,unlikesCUnlike,dislikeDDislikes,unlike【答案】like前加不同否定前缀时的区别。like作为介词"像"，反义词为unlike，意为"不像，与……不同"，like作为动词"喜欢"，反义词为dislike，意为"不喜欢"ACdislike没有使用第三人称单数形式anto-:bi-:bio-:co-:-:kilo-:表示“千”-:-:mis-:non表示否定pre-:表示“在……之前”sub-:表示“在……下面”super-:表示“超级的”e-:表示“远距离的”tri-:表示“三autobiographybicycle自行车；bilingual双语的biology生物学；biochemical生化的cooperate合作；co-existence共存，共处counterattack反击pose分解；defrost除enable,enrich,enlarge,endangerinternational国际的；inter al人际的kilometer公里，kilogram公斤malfunction出故障，失灵；malnutritionmaltreat/mistreatmidnight午夜；midday中午minibus小型公共汽车，面包车；miniskirtmisunderstandnonstop不停的；non-defective没有缺陷的；non-smokerpostwar战后的；postdoctor博士后preview预习；predictrewrite重写；review复习；rel复述subway地铁；submarine潜水艇superman;supermarketephone;escope望远镜；egram电underestimate; 如：output,by-product,duty-free,undergo,overthrow词形不变，单词的词性发生转变。如：dream,look,back等。特别强调：易或拼错的重要单词及其变化形式：ofthewordsinthebracketstofillintheblanksHiswordsarevery (influence)tothechangeoflifeattitude.Honestlyspeaking,hiswordsaregreatly influencial,benefitialBinfluencial,benefitalCinfluential,beneficalD．influential,beneficial【答案】D中两个句子中空格处要填的词都是作表语的形容词，influence的形容词形式是influential，benefit的形容词形式是beneficial，故选DofthewordsinthebracketstofillintheblanksTheyaregoingtotalkingaboutthedifferencesbetweentwocountriesin (deep)atthesummit,whoseaimisto mutualunderstandingsbetweenthetwocountries.A．depth,endeepB．deepness,endeepCdepth,deepenDdeepth,deepen【答案】该句的意思是"他们准备在上详细谈论两国的，这次的目的就是要Passage1（选自大纲样题TheEnvironment:Our1Thesedaysitisimpossible(possible)toopenanewsp rwithoutreadingaboutthedamagewearengtotheenvironment.Theearthisbeing41threatened(threaten)andthefuturelooksbad.Whatcaneachofusdo?2Wecannotcleanupour42polluted(pollute)riversandseasovernight.Norcanwestopthe43disappearance(appearance)ofplantsandanimals.Butwecanstopaddingtotheproblemwhile44scientists(science)searchforanswers,andlawsarepassedinnature's45defense/defence(defend).Itmaynotbeeasytochangeyourlifestyle46comple y(complete)butsomestepsareeasytotake:cutdowntheamountof47driving(drive)youdo,oruseaslittleplasticaspossible.Itisalsoeasytosaveenergy,whichalsoreduceshousing48bills(bill).Wemustallmakersonal49decision(decide)toworkforthefutureofourplanetifwewantto50ensure(sure)abetterworldforourgrandchildren.Passage2（Self-Assessment1）CarefulUseofWords1Wordsarepowerfulandcanbevery(0)damaging(damage)whenusedcarelessly.Theyhavethepowertoevokepotentemotionsandtheycanhelpinspire,(41)encourage(courage)andmotivatepeople.Theycantransformtheworldthatweliveinandinacrisistheycanbeyourstrongestally者，助手oryourmostdamagingopponent.2Oneshouldalwaysbevery(42)careful(care)whenusingwords,butthisisespeciallysointhemidstofacrisis.Whocanfetwhen,duringthemiddleofthelargestoilspillinUShistory,theChiefExecutiveofBP,TonyHayward,said"I'dlikemylifeback"?Whenacrisisbreaks,acompanyneedstobe(43)particularly(particular)carefulinframingitsresponse.Whileattemptingtoassertcontrolitalsoneedstobeawareofthe(44)implication(implicate)oftheresponseandwhatitmaymeaninthefuture.Framedproperly,a(45)trained(train)spokes canusetheirlanguagetocalmnervesduringaveryanxioustimeandcangivethepublican(46)impression(impress)thatthecompanyisincontrolandworkinghardtoresolvethecrisis.3Thelanguageinallcrisis(47)communication(communicate)materials沟通材料shouldbecarefullymanagedandreviewed.Haveallprofessionalexpressionsandacademiclanguagebeenremovedanpted?Thelanguageshouldbesimpleandself-explanatory.Arethecommunicationmaterials(48)respectful(respect)ofallaudiencesincludingstakeholders利益相关者,employees,mediaandteralpublic?Arewordsthebestmethodtoexplainwhathappened?Itmaybeusefultohaveagraphic(49)designer(design)photographeravailabletoallowyoutocommunicateclearlywhathappenedinasimpleand(50)logical(logic)way.Canyourpressreleasebeconvertedinto140charactersorlessfor It'sunlikely-preparealternativestrategiestoallowyoutoengageviasocialmediachannels.4Aseriouscrisiscandestroycompaniesand/orindividuals.However,properpreparationcombinedwithanappropriateresponsecanactuallyhelpimprovethereputationofboth.Languageisapowerfulweaponandshouldbetreatedassuchinallcommunications.Passage3（Self-Assessment2）CrudeOil1Althoughcrudeoilisstill(O)vastly(vast)availableintheearth'scrust地壳,itisnota/an(41)infinite(finite)resource.Atsomepointitwilleventuallybe(42)exhausted耗尽的(exhaust).（exhaustive意为详尽的，彻底的）Thedemandforcrudeoilhasincreasedbygiganticproportions.However,(43)discovering(discovery)ofnewoilfieldsandinvestingintheoilindustryhavehelpedkeepupwiththe(44)increasing(increase)demandforoil.Thecrucialquestionis,howlongwilltheoilresourceslast?2(45)Advanced(advance)technologyhasmadedrillingoilmore(46)effective(effect)andefficient.Withtheaidofnewmethodsitispossibletodrawalmost65%oftheoilasopposedto与…相比theoldmethods.Betterinfrastructure基础设施andmore(47)investment(invest)havealsomadetheofoilwellsmoreeffective.Currentlymost(48)transportation(transport)isdependentonoilandmanyindustriesarebornoutoforleanonbyproductsofpetroleum石油Althoughalternativesourcesofenergyarenow(49)applied(apply),likesolarandwindenergy,itisstillalongwaytobecompley(50)independent(dependent)ofcrudeoil.Passage4（选自Self-Assessment3）BodyImageNowadays,alargenumberofpeopleare(0)encouraged(courage)tobedissatisfiedwiththeirbodiesbyplasticsurge