2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附中高考冲刺英语模拟试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The Browns held _ they called “family day” once each year.AthatBwhatCwhichDwhen2_ the deadline, the workers h

2、ad to work overtime to get the job finished.AGivingBGivenCHaving givenDTo give3The boy stood his head down, listening to his mother scolding him for breaking the windows.AforBofCwithDaround4What I love most about reading novels is _ the authors vividly describe the characters.AwhatBwhyChowDwhom5When

3、 the girl did _ the courage to tell her parents what had happened, unfortunately her own family didnt believe her.Awork outBwork upCwork atDwork on6I was intended to to the concert with you this weekend, but I cant now._.ABadBThats rightCNot at allDYoure welcome7Join us and you will discover an envi

4、ronment _ you can make the most of your skills and talents.AthatBwhereChowDwhat8- To be a promising student is not an easy job. It takes time.- I cant agree more. _. There is no short cut.AAll roads lead to RomeBSlow but sure wins the raceCPractice makes perfectDRome was not built in a day9By the en

5、d of last week,600 people from 50 countries to attend the meeting，with nearly half coming from the United States，Germany and Britain.Ahad registered Bhave registeredCregistered Dwere registered10We were scared to death when the fire_. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.Abroke o

6、utBcame outCgave outDturned out11Ms Alice is considered a lady by us, for she often helps the poor she met with.AselfishBhopefulCmeanDgenerous12 students English well, the teacher tries to speak English in class very often.ATeaching BTaughtCTo teach DTeach13 Is it enough to finish the form for a pas

7、sport, Madam? Your passport application form should be _ by two recent photos.AupdatedBaccompaniedCestablishedDidentified14 Anything to drink? What about coffee? Er I think Ill have a cold drink coffee.Aother thanBmore thanCless thanDrather than15I think it a great honor _ to visit your country.Ato

8、inviteBinvitingChaving invitedDto be invited16_ many Chinese holidays are directed towards services remembering ancestors, the Ching Ming Festival is beyond doubt the largest.AUnlessBSinceCOnceDWhile17A book I read last year, _ name I cant remember, changed my idea about time.AwhichBthatCwhoseDwhat1

9、8_ is important in study is diligence rather than intelligence.AWhichBWhatCWhoDWhen19Oh, Hannah just told me that she was unable to translate the report into English._？She once spent 10 years living in London.AGuess whatBWhy notCSo whatDHow come20He is so delighted to make friends with Johnson.Oh, I

10、 see. Thats _ they have much in common.Awhere Bhow Cwhat Dbecause第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）The note taped to the host stand at the Prime Rib says it all.“We fought the battle the longest, but we give in!” it reads. “Its now a completely informal world; they wear whatever

11、 they wish. They want a warm, easy, friendly atmosphere, even in “fine dining. So we decided to go with the flow.”Yes, after almost half a century, The Prime Rib has switched to business casual.It is among most of todays finest dining establishments - including Charleston, The Black Olive, and The C

12、apital Grille - that have decided to lighten up. They have given up caring too much about what their guests are dressed in as before, adopting a come-as-you-are attitude. At these restaurants, youre likely to see casual clothes such as khakis (trousers made of khaki cloth) and Hawaiian shirts.“Were

13、a business first,” says David Derewicz, general manager of the impressive dining establishment. “And we were losing business with our jacket requirements.” He kept a list of over 20 people who told him, “If you drop the jacket policy, well come back.”Once the dress code shift was seriously being con

14、sidered, Derewicz made dozens of phone calls to long-time guests. Most said they didnt mind the change as long as the restaurant itself with its white table cloths, dark leather chairs, grand piano, and tuxedoed waitstaff -stayed the same.“Since the change was introduced last summer, weve not lost a

15、 guest,” says Derewicz.On a secret night at The Prime Rib, the scene was pretty much the same as its ever been lots of men in jackets and ties, some in shirts and slacks, but now the occasional khakis and polo shirts thrown in.It turns out that people are pretty capable of policing themselves, even

16、without a formal dress code.While some traditionalists may argue that The Prime Rib9s reputation has been damaged a bit, Derewicz feels that the restaurant has moved ahead and finally strengthened their band.1、The Prime Ribs note mainly tells people about .Aits long history Bits pleasant atmosphereC

17、its change in dress code Dits battle with other restaurants2、The underlined words “lighten up” in paragraph 4 probably mean “ ”.Afollow a long tradition Btake a matter less seriouslyCmake something continue as before Dhelp each other to achieve something3、According to Derewicz, following the formal

18、dress code means .Afurther development Ba better reputationClow efficiency Dfailing profits4、What do we know about The Prime Rib now?AIt is praised by some traditionalists.BThe police come to protect its guests.CMost of its guests still wear formal clothes.DMost people go there in khakis and polo sh

19、irts.22（8分） The worlds insects are going down the path of extinction，threatening a“catastrophic collapse of natures ecosystems”，according to the first global scientific reviewMore than 40of insect species are declining and third are endangered，the analysis foundThe rate of extinction is eight times

20、faster than that of mammals，birds and reptiles“It should be of huge concern to all of us，for insects are at the heart of every food webThey pollinate(授粉)the large majority of plant species，keep the soil healthy，recycle nutrients，control pests，and much moreLove them or 1oathe them，we humans cannot su

21、rvive without insects，”said Prof Dave Goulson at the University of Sussex in the UKThe analysis，published in the journal Biological Conservation，says intensive(集约型)agriculture is the main driver of the declines，particularly the heavy use of pesticidesUrbanisation and climate change are also signific

22、ant factors“If insect species losses cannot be stopped，this will have catastrophic consequences for both the planets ecosystems and for the survival of mankindIt is very rapidIn 10 years you will have a quarter less，in 50 years only half left and in 100 years you will have none，”said review author F

23、rancisco Snchez-Bayo，at the University of Sydney，AustraliaOne of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on many birds，reptiles，amphibians and fish that eat insects“If this food source is taken away，all these animals starve to death，”he saidSuch effects have already been seen in Puerto Rico，where a re

24、cent study revealed a 98fall in ground insects over 2 yearsMatt Shardlow，at the conservation charity Buglife，said：“It is thoughtful to see this evidence that shows the pitiful state of the worlds insect populationsIt is increasingly obvious that the planets ecology is breaking and there is a need fo

25、r a strong and global effort to prevent and change these terrible trends”1、Why are people worried about the insect decline?AThey are vital to ecosystemsBThey provide food for pestsCThey pollinate all plantsDThey enrich the soil2、What is the main cause of insect losses?AMore and more treesBRestrictio

26、ns on pesticidesCUpgrading agricultureDFriendly environment3、Where can you find the exact time of insect losses?AIn paragraph 1BIn paragraph 2CIn paragraph 3DIn paragraph 44、What can be a suitable title for the text?AHumans can survive the punishment of natureBInsect declining is breaking natures ec

27、osystemsCNatures ecosystems are influenced by humansDInsects and animals are dying out in Puerto Rico23（8分）For tourists holding the Barcelona Card, the information below will be useful if you plan to admire some artworks or architectures there.Sagrada FamiliaOpening hours: 09:00-18:00(October-March)

28、; 09:00-20:00(April-September)Admission:11, or 11, or 10 with the Barcelona CardThe projects vast sale and its special design have made it one of Barcelonas top tourist attractions for many years.La PedreraOpening hours: November-February: 09:00-18:30; March-October: 09:00-20:00Admission：$ 9.50. Sav

29、e 20% with the Barcelona Card.It is a unique modernist building made of bricks and colorful tiles（瓦）. Visitors can see the amazing 800 square meters attic（阁楼）with 270 brick arches that give you a feeling that you are walking inside the skeleton of a whale.Barcelona FC MuseumOpening hours: 6th April-

30、4th October:10:00-20:00;the rest of the year. 10:00-18:30Admission：$8.50 for entry to the museum and $17 for a guided tour.When you buy your ticket you have two options: a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium or a special one for $15 where you get to see the stadium and the scenes at th

31、e club.Picasso MuseumOpening hours: Check the website for details as they vary depending on the time of the year.Admission：$9 for main exhibition-extra for special showings. Save 50% with Barcelona Card.The museum has arranged Picassos paintings from his early days to his final works. Arranging the

32、paintings in this way gives you a fascinating insight into the development of Picasso.1、What do we know the tourist attractions mentioned in the passage?ASagrada Familia is the largest building in Barcelona.BLa Pedrera is well-known for its colorful material.CBarcelona FC Museum may attract football

33、 fans.DPicasso Museum offers only one exhibition.2、If you visit the stadium and the club with a tour guide in Barcelona FC museum, you should pay_A$25.5 B$34C$42.5 D$323、What do the attractions have in common?AThe Barcelona Card is a must for visiting them.BThey are all famous for their architectura

34、l styles.CTheir opening hours are changeable in different seasons.DTourists can have a discount of 20% with the Barcelona Card.24（8分）As free as they make us, mobile phones still need to stay close to a power source. Soon that may change with green power.Three Chilean students got the idea for a plan

35、t-powered device(装置) to charge their cellphones, while sitting in their schools outdoor courtyard during a break from exams, with dead mobile phones. Then, one of them had an aha moment.“It occurred to Camila to say about plants, said inventor Evelyn Aravena. Why dont you have a socket, if there are

36、 so many plants? After that, we thought, why dont they have a charging outlet? Because there are so many plants and living things that have the potential to produce energy, why not? Their invention a small biological circuit called E-Kaia - uses the energy plants to produce during photosynthesis(光合作

37、用). A plant uses only a small part of that energy and the rest goes into the soil, and thats where the E-Kaia collects it. The device plugs into the ground and then into your phone.Its the most amazing project Ive ever seen in my life, plain and simple. They brought this original model, and it worke

38、d and thats when it all changed, at least from my personal point of view and I began to support them. said Mauricio Cifuentes.The device solved two problems for the engineering students they needed an idea for a class project, and an outlet to plug in their phones.Looking for a place to charge the n

39、otebook, which had no power, and the mobile phones, we werent able to find anything because all the other students were in the same state of madness trying to find a place to charge their devices, said Aravena.But plants are everywhere, and the biocircuit makes the best of their excess(过多的) power.Th

40、e E-Kaia doesnt carry much charge but its powerful enough to completely recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.The student inventors have applied for patents on their technology, and expect the E-Kaia to go on sale in December 2016.1、How could the students get the green power idea?ABy carryi

41、ng out an experiment.BJust from an occasional thought.CWith the support of their professors.DEnlightened(启发) by the information in a science book.2、How does the device work?ABy using the energy during photosynthesis. BBy using a small biological circuit.CBy using the electricity stored in the device

42、. DBy using a device buried in the ground.3、What can we learn from what Mauricio Cifuentes said?AHe intended to buy the patent.BThe device was made in a rough way.CHe showed great interest in the device.DHe attempted to produce the device in large numbers.4、What might be the best title for the passa

43、ge?AA New Device to Change the WorldBGreen Power - A New and Potential SourceCChilean Students Find A Green Way to Charge PhonesDA New Device Invented by Chilean Students Will Be on Sale25（10分）Joanna Cole, born on August 11, 1944 in Newark, New Jersey, has been credited to be one of the most popular

44、 childrens authors of all time. She has written over 250 books and is famous for writing one of the most popular childrens book series. She knew as early as 5th grade that she was interested in writing and science. Cole has owed a large part of her passion to one of her elementary school teachers.Jo

45、anna Cole continued her education by attending the University of Massachusetts and Indiana. She would eventually earn a bachelors degree in psychology from the City College of New York in 1967; after graduation Cole decided to take some education courses to become a librarian at a Brooklyn elementar

46、y school in 1967. Eventually, she would take jobs working for Newsweek, Seesaw book club.Coles passion for writing and science was still alive and well during this time. In 197l she decided to write her first book, Cockroaches. She did some research and discovered there had never been a book written

47、 for children about cockroaches. So she thought she would be the first.Cole struck gold when she wrote the first Magic School Bus in 1985. The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.Cole continued to write both non-fic

48、tion and fiction books for children. She writes in a way that will hopefully inspire children to think like a scientist. She does this by writing ideas instead of just facts. She also tries to ask questions in her books that require children to think and discover the answers as they read. This creat

49、es an engaging experience for children, so it is no wonder why younger readers are hooked on her books.1、When Joanna Cole was young, she _.Awas very popular with childrenBgot inspired by one of her teachersCbegan her career of writing novelsDknew what she would do in the future2、What does the underl

50、ined phrase probably mean?AMade a fortune. BMade a promise.CGot ideas. DObtained help.3、What do we know about Joanna Cole?AShe is the most famous woman writer in America.BShe writes novels not only for kids but for adults.CShe is an expert at getting science across to readers.DShe has made great con

51、tributions to science.4、What kind of person is Cole in the passage?APositive and brave. BPopular and reliable.CSerious and honest. DTalented and creative.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）It was her giggling(咯咯的笑)that drew my attention. Note taking r

52、eally wasnt all that funny.Walking over to the offender, I asked for the 1 Frozen, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the quiet 2 between teacher and student. When she finally 3 it over, she whispered, “Okay, but I didnt draw it.”It was a hand-drawn 4 of me, te

53、eth blackened and the words “Im stupid” coming out of my mouth.I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, 5 , was working angrily as I struggled not to 6 I figured I knew the two most likely candidates for drawing the picture. It would do them some 7 to teach them a lesson, and maybe it was high time

54、that I did it!Thankfully, I was able to keep myself 8 When there were about six minutes remaining, I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how 9 this was for me. I told them there must be a reason 10 and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me.

55、Then I let them write silently while I sniffed in the back of the classroom.As I 11 the notes later, many of them said something like, “Ive got nothing against you.” or “Im sorry you were hurt.” Some kids said, “Were 12 of you.” But two notes, from the girls who I 13 were behind the picture, had a l

56、ist of issues. I was too 14 , too strictReading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of 15 my students, I had begun commanding them to 16 Where I thought I was driving them to success, I was 17 driving them away.I had some apologies to make. But the next day in the clas

57、sroom, one boy and one girl each handed me a card. The one 18 by all the boys expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke. The one from the girls asked for 19 This was a lesson for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the 20 1、AnoteBadviceCreasonDhelp2、Abatt

58、leBcompetitionCargumentDconversation3、AtookBthoughtCturnedDhanded4、AstatueBgraphCpictureDposter5、AotherwiseBhoweverCthereforeDbesides6、AleaveBcryCexplainDargue7、AgoodBharmCfavorDpunishment8、AamusedBcontrolledCuninterestedDrelaxed9、AmeaningfulBforgetfulCregretfulDhurtful10、AasideBaboveCbeneathDbehind

59、11、AwroteBfinishedCreadDcollected12、AproudBfondCafraidDashamed13、AfiguredBpromisedCconcludedDsaw14、AtalkativeBmeanCclumsyDconsiderate15、AforcingBencouragingCcomfortingDteaching16、AappreciateBapologizeCcompromiseDachieve17、AactuallyBnormallyCimmediatelyDgenerally18、AdecoratedBofferedCsignedDbought19、

60、AthankfulnessBforgivenessCcompensationDcommunication20、AfriendshipBeducationCknowledgeDfuture第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）语法填空There are several tips on how to deal with sleep anxiety. The most popular and helpful method is music. There are lots of music and songs which 1(