2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江工商大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号13

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江工商大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Grain （ ）are to guarantee the consumption of nonagricultural population and to cope with serious natural disasters.问题1选项A.savingsB.storagesC.stocksD.reserves【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项savings“积蓄；节省物”；B选项storage“贮存”是不可

2、数名词；C选项stocks“存货；股份”；D选项reserves“储备”。填一个名词做主语，Grain做其定语，由不定式的内容可知reserves“储备”符合题意，句意为：粮食储备是用来保证非农业人口消费和应对严重自然灾害的。故答案选D。2.单选题（ ） much has been known about mammary cancer, the precise way to cure of it still remains largely in the realm of testing.问题1选项A.WhileB.SinceC.BecauseD.When【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结

3、构。while在这里的意思为“尽管”；since“因为；由于，既然”，because“因为”；when“当”。根据句子意思推断选项A最符合题意。句意为：尽管我们对于乳腺癌了解很多，但是关于治疗的最精准的方法仍处于测试阶段。3.单选题he flourish of adult training programs partially resulted from the feminist movement, （ ）.问题1选项A.which encouraging women to improve their skills for the job marketB.which encouraged wo

4、men to improve their skills for the job marketC.encouraging women to improve their skills for the job marketD.that encouraged women to improve their skills for the job market【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本句考查非限制性定语从句。主句是The flourish of adult training programs partially resulted from the feminist movement，后面

5、which作为关系代词指代the feminist movement，在从句中作为主语，意思是“女权运动鼓励女性去提高她们在就业市场的技能”，故正确答案选B。4.单选题（ ）that many travelers complained to the travel agency.问题1选项A.So frequently the guide took them to luxurious shopsB.So frequently the guide took them to luxurious shops doC.So frequently did the guide take them to lu

6、xurious shopsD.So the guide took them to luxurious shops frequently【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本题考查结果状语从句中的倒装用法。在“so/suchthat.”结构中，so和such连同它所修饰成分置于句首表示强调。主句需要倒装；根据句子后面的结构“that many travelers complained to the travel agency.”可知前面是so引导的主句，需要采用部分倒装结构，句意为：导游带游客去奢侈品商店太频繁，以至于许多游客向旅行社投诉。故正确答案选C。5.单选题 For severa

7、l days I saw little of Mr. Rochester. In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neighborhood called and sometimes stayed to dine with him. When his foot was well enough, he rode out a great deal. During this time, all my knowledge of him was limite

8、d to occasional meetings about the house, when he would sometimes pass me coldly, and sometimes bow and smile. His changes of manner did not offend me, because I saw that I had nothing to do with the cause of them. One evening, several days later, I was invited to talk to Mr. Rochester after dinner.

9、 He was sitting in his armchair, and looked not quite so severe, and much less gloomy. There was a smile on his lips, and his eyes were bright, probably with wine. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned, and asked me, “Do you think Im handsome, Miss Eyre?” The answer somehow slipped from my ton

10、gue before I realized it: “No, sir.” “Ah, you really are unusual! You are a quiet serious little person, but you can be almost rude.” “Sir, Im sorry. I should have said that beauty doesnt matter, or something like that.” “No, you shouldnt! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab me in

11、the back! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. But perhaps I go too fast. Perhaps you have awful faults to counterbalance your few good points.”I thought to myself that he might have too. He seemed to read my mind, and said quickly, “Yes, youre right. I have plenty of fau

12、lts. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been very different. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasnt my character, but circumstances which were to bl

13、ame. Why do I tell you all this? Because youre the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because youre sympathetic and give them hope.” It seemed he had quite a lot to talk to me. He didnt seem to like to finish the talk quickly, as was the case for the first time. “Dont be afrai

14、d of me, Miss Eyre,” he continued. “You dont relax or laugh very much, perhaps because of the effect Lowood School has had on you. But in time you will be more natural with me, and laugh, and speak freely. Youre like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, youll fly very high. Good night.”1.

15、 At the beginning, Miss Eyres impressions of Mr. Rochester were all EXCEPT（ ）.2. In “all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house.” (the 2nd paragraph), the word “about” means（ ） .3. Why did Mr. Rochester say “.and then you stab me in the back!” (the 7th paragraph)?4. F

16、rom what Mr. Rochester told Miss Eyre, we can conclude that he wanted to（ ） .5. At the end of the passage, Mr. Rochester sounded（ ） .问题1选项A.coldB.sociableC.warmheartedD.changeable问题2选项A.“around”B.“on”C.“outside”D.“concerning”问题3选项A.Because Jane had intended to comfort him.B.Because Jane had regrette

17、d having talked to him.C.Because Jane had added something else that hurt him.D.Because Jane had intended to kill him with a knife.问题4选项A.tell her all his troubles.B.change her opinion of him.C.tell her his life experience.D.change his circumstances.问题5选项A.rudeB.indifferentC.friendlyD.encouraging【答案】

18、第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第一段“In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neighborhood called and sometimes stay to dine with him. 早上的时候，他似乎忙得团团转，在下午的时候，邻居们来拜访他，有时还留下来和他一起吃饭。”第二段第一句“.when he would sometimes pass me coldly

19、, and sometimes bow and smile. 有时候他会冷冷地从我身边经过，有时候会有礼貌地向我微笑和鞠躬。”由此可以推断出罗切斯特先生有时候很冷漠，而且善变。故排除选项A、B和选项D。答案选C符合题意。2.【试题答案】A【试题解析】语义推测题。根据句意“在此期间，我对他的认知仅限于在房子周围偶尔的照面，罗切斯特先生有时候冷冷地从我身边经过，有时候会有礼貌地向我微笑和鞠躬”。可知“occasional meeting偶尔的照面”的修饰词是about引导的介词短语，表示地点范围。根据文章后面几段对于两位主角见面的细节描写，可以推断出“about the house”是“在房子周围

20、”。故正确答案选A。3.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第六段中简说“先生，对不起。我应该说美貌并不重要，或者类似的话”。接着第七段第一句话罗切斯特先生的回答：“No, you shouldnt! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab me in the back! You have honesty and feeling 不，你不会。我认为你在批评我的外表，你背后给我捅小刀子。你很诚实有感情。”所以，需要我们理解的部分是罗切斯特先生听到简解释性的回答后，认为是对他的安慰，因此说出“你在背后给我捅刀子”之类的话。这

21、一表达是一种暗喻性的说法，D和B说法过于绝对。选项C文章并没有提到。故A符合文章意思。4.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第八段“I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. 在我21岁时我走错了路，就再也没有回到正道。”和“It wasnt my character, but circumstances which were to blame. 这不是我的性格，是环境使然。”这些是罗切斯特先生对简说的话，讲述他的人生经历，解释这是环境所致，目的是为了

22、改变简对他的看法。故正确答案选B。5.【试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章末段“Youre like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, youll fly very high. 你就像笼子里的鸟儿。当你飞出笼子，你将飞得更高”。由此可知，罗切斯特先生说的话是对于简的一种鼓励。故正确答案选D。6.单选题A: What are in the ladys suitcase are smuggled cigarettes.B:（ ） .问题1选项A.Such are the ones in her husbands suitca

23、se.B.Such the ones in her husbands suitcase are.C.So the ones in her husbands suitcase are.D.So are the ones in her husbands suitcase.【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查so+系动词（助动词或情态动词）+另一主语。属于主谓倒装结构，表示前句所述情况，也同样适用于第二句的主语。意思是“他丈夫的手提箱里的也是”。so意思是“也如此，也这样”，句意为：女士手提箱中是走私香烟。他丈夫手提箱里的也是。正确答案选D。7.单选题 Traditionally,

24、the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points periods, countries, dramatic events, and great leaders. It also has had clear and firm notions of scholarly procedure: how one inquires into a historical problem, how one presents and documents ones findings, what constitutes admissible

25、and adequate proof. Anyone who has followed recent historical literature can testify to the revolution that is taking place in historical studies. The currently fashionable subjects come directly from the sociology catalog: childhood, work, leisure. The new subjects are accompanied by new methods. W

26、here history once was primarily narrative, it is now entirely analytic. The old questions “What happened?” and “How did it happen?” have given way to the question “Why did it happen?” Prominent among the methods used to answer the question “Why” is psychoanalysis, and its use has given rise to psych

27、ohistory. Psychohistory does not merely use psychological explanations in historical contexts. Historians have always used such explanations when they were appropriate and when there was sufficient evidence for them. But this pragmatic use of psychology is not what psychohistorians intend. They are

28、committed, not just to psychology in general, but to Freudian psychoanalysis. This commitment precludes a commitment to history as historians have always understood it. Psychohistory derives its “facts” not from history, the detailed records of events and their consequences, but from psychoanalysis

29、of the individuals who made history, and deduces its theories not from this or that instance in their lives, but from a view of human nature that transcends history. It denies the basic criterion of historical evidence: that evidence be publicly accessible to, and therefore assessable by, all histor

30、ians. And it violates the basic tenet of historical method: that historians be alert to the negative instances that would refute their theses. Psychohistorians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the “deepest” explanation of any event, that o

31、ther explanations fall short of the truth. Psychohistory is not content to violate the discipline of history (in the sense of the proper mode of studying and writing about the past); it also violates the past itself. It denies to the past an integrity and will of its own, in which people acted out o

32、f a variety of motives and in which events had a multiplicity of causes and effects. It imposes upon the past the same determinism that it imposes upon the present, thus robbing people and events of their individuality and of their complexity. Instead of respecting the particularity of the past, it

33、assimilates all events, past and present, into a single deterministic schema that is presumed to be true at all times and in all circumstances.1. Which of the following best states the main point of the text?2. The author mentions which of the following as a characteristic of the practice of psychoh

34、istorians?3. The author of the text suggests that psychohistorians view history primarily as（ ） .4. The author of the text puts the word “deepest” (Last Line, Paragraph 3) in quotation marks most probably in order to（ ） .5. In presenting her analysis, the author does all of the following EXCEPT （ ）.

35、问题1选项A.The approach of psychohistorians to historical study is currently in vogue even though it lacks the rigor and verifiability of traditional historical method.B.Traditional historians can benefit from studying the techniques and findings of psychohistorians.C.Areas of sociological study such as

36、 childhood and work are of little interest to traditional historians.D.The psychological assessment of an individuals behavior and attitudes is more informative than the details of his or her daily life.问题2选项A.The lives of historical figures are presented in episodic rather than narrative form.B.Arc

37、hives used by psychohistorians to gather material are not accessible to other scholars.C.Past and current events are all placed within the same deterministic diagram.D.Events in the adult life of a historical figure are seen to be more consequential than are those in the childhood of the figure.问题3选

38、项A.a report of events, causes, and effects that is generally accepted by historians but which is, for the most part, unverifiableB.an episodic account that lacks cohesion because records of the role of childhood, work, and leisure in the lives of historical figures are rareC.an uncharted sea of seem

39、ingly unexplainable events that have meaning only when examined as discrete unitsD.a record of the way in which a closed set of immutable psychological laws seems to have shaped events问题4选项A.signal her reservations about the accuracy of psychohistorians claims for their workB.draw attention to a con

40、tradiction in the psychohistorians methodC.emphasize the major difference between the traditional historians method and that of psychohistoriansD.disassociate her opinion of the psychohistorians claims from her opinion of their method问题5选项A.make general statements without reference to specific examp

41、lesB.describe some of the criteria employed by traditional historiansC.question the adequacy of the psychohistorians interpretation of eventsD.point out inconsistencies in the psychohistorians application of their methods【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.【试题答案】A【试题解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章主要讲了心理历史学家研究历史的方法特点和与

42、传统历史研究的对比。因此选项A“心理历史学家的历史研究方法虽然缺乏传统历史方法的严谨性和可验证性，但目前仍是一种流行的研究方法。”符合题意。2.【试题答案】C【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章最后一段“Instead of respecting the particularity of the past, it assimilates all events, past and present, into a single deterministic schema that is presumed to be true at all times and in all circumstances.

43、 它不尊重过去的特殊性，而是将过去和现在的所有事件同化成一个单一的决定性图式，这个图式被假定在任何时候和任何情况下都是真实的。”由此可知C选项“过去和现在的事件都放置在同样的确定模式里”正确。3.【试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段“Instead of respecting the particularity of the past, it assimilates all events, past and present, into a single deterministic schema that is presumed to be true at all times

44、 and in all circumstances. 它不尊重过去的特殊性，而是将过去和现在的所有事件同化成一个单一的决定性图式，这个图式被假定在任何时候和任何情况下都是真实的。” 由此可知D选项“一种封闭的、不可改变的心理法则似乎塑造了事件的记录”正确。4.【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第三段“Psychohistorians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the deepest explanation of any

45、event, that other explanations fall short of the truth. 心理历史学家相信他们自己的理论是绝对正确的，也相信他们的理论是对任何事件的最深刻的解释，其他的解释都不符合事实。”由此可知作者对心理历史学家关于他们工作的说法的准确性持保留态度。因此选项A正确。5.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。由最后一段中“Instead of respecting the particularity of the past, it assimilates all events, past and present, into a single determi

46、nistic schema that is presumed to be true at all times and in all circumstances. 它不考虑过去的特殊性，而将所有过去和现在的事件并入一个单一的确定模式，而这种模式在所有的时间和情况下被假设是正确的。”对应知A项“在不提具体例子的情况下做总体的陈述”在文中有提及；由第三段中“And it violates the basic tenet of historical method: that historians be alert to the negative instances that would refute

47、their theses. 且它违反了历史方法的基本原则，即历史学家应该留意将会否定他们论点的反面事例”知B项“描述了传统历史学家所使用的一些标准”在文中有提及；由第三段中“Psychohistorians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the deepest explanation of any event, that other explanations fall short of the truth. 心理历史学家确信自己理论的绝对

48、正确，也确信他们的理论的解释是对任何事件的最深入的解释，从而也确信其他解释缺乏真理”知C项“质疑心理历史学家对事件解释的适当性”在文中有暗示性提及；由此知在文中没有提及的D项“指出心理历史学家在应用他们的方式上的不一致”正确。8.单选题It is the first time that he （ ）the school regulation.问题1选项A.is going to violateB.has violatedC.violatesD.violated【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本题考查的是同位语从句中的动词时态问题。It is the first time that.

49、这个句子结构中，使用动词的现在完成时，表示对于过去经历的总结，句意为：这是他第一次违反学校规则。故选项B符合题意。9.翻译题 During less economically sophisticated times in the past, nations tended to raise protective barriers during periods of economic downturn to preserve domestic employment and thus domestic economies. In todays global economy, it is not so

50、 easy to say that protectionism necessarily preserves a nations economy when the firms operating in that economy are intertwined with operations and markets in many other nations. Remember that the goals in designing any system are optimizing the output of the system, rather than optimizing any subc

51、omponent of that system. In fact, experience has shown that a focus on optimizing any single aspect of a global manufacturing enterprise usually leads to a sub-optimal system performance.【答案】 在过去经济不太发达的时期，各国往往会在经济低迷时期建立保护性壁垒，来保护国内的就业，进而保护国内经济。在如今的经济全球化中，当这种经济环境下运作的公司与其他国家的公司和市场交织在一起，很难说保护主义一定能够保护这个国

52、家的经济。记住，设计任何系统的目标都是为了优化系统的输出，而不是优化系统内部的组件。事实上，经验表明，专注于优化全球制造企业的任何一个方面通常会导致系统性能的次优。10.单选题All the students have to to （ ）the rules and regulations of the school.问题1选项A.confirmB.confrontC.conformD.confine【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项confirm“确定，确认”；B选项confront“面对，遭遇”；C选项conform“符合，遵照”；D选项confine“限制，禁闭”。由关键词

53、“the rules and regulations规章制度”可知空格部分单词意思为“遵守，遵循”，句意为：所有的学生都要遵守学校的规章制度。选项C意思与之相近。11.单选题All the flights （ ）because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead.问题1选项A.were canceledB.having been canceledC.having canceledD.had been canceled【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。由空格所在句和句中“we had to take the train

54、instead”都有自己的主语且这里只用逗号“，”将其隔开知这里需用独立主格结构来使空格所在句成为状语，由此可排除不能构成独立主格结构的A项和D项；再由这里“航班应该是被取消”知使用被动语态的B项“having been canceled”正确。故正确答案选B。12.单选题Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, （ ）themselves.问题1选项A.expandingB.stretchingC.prolongingD.extending【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析

55、。A选项expand“扩张，使膨胀”；B选项stretch“伸展，张开”；C选项prolong“延长，拖延（延长时间）”；D选项extend“延伸，扩大，推广，伸出”。stretch oneself固定搭配的意思是“伸懒腰，伸展身体”，句意为：做完早上的工作后，职员们从桌子后面站起来，伸展伸展身体。故正确答案选B。13.单选题She turned down the well-paid job, （ ）not able to pick up her four-year-old son from kindergarten.问题1选项A.to be consideredB.consideringC.

56、being consideredD.having considered【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。从非谓语动词做伴随状语的用法上分析，空格部分要填的动词和主语she存在逻辑上主谓关系，排除A和C选项。选项D是现在分词的完成式，表示动作发生在主语动作之前，不符合语境。故选B为最佳答案。句意为：考虑到没办法接送四岁的儿子上幼儿园，她放弃了报酬丰厚的工作。14.单选题Outside the office （ ）probably in her late 60s, wearing fashionable T-shirt.问题1选项A.stood a blond ladyB.saw a b

57、lond ladyC.a blond lady stoodD.found a blond lady【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。当句子以介词短语开头，需要完全倒装，也就是介词短语+动词+主语+剩余修饰成分，这里outside the office是介词短语，空格部分应根据句意是“站着一位金发碧眼的老妇人”，所以这里选项A“stood a blond lady”符合题意。15.单选题（ ）there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expe

58、ct.问题1选项A.SinceB.WhenC.WhileD.Unless【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这句话空格同样考查状语从句中关系副词的用法和含义。从句的意思是“我们在改变天气方面无能为力”，和后句“我们至少知道天气未来的变化”存在转折关系，分析四个选项，选项A表示原因关系，选项D表示让步条件关系，选项B可以表示时间条件关系，而while除了表示时间条件关系还可以表示转折。句意为：尽管我们在改变天气方面无能为力，但我们至少知道天气未来的变化。故正确答案选C。16.单选题In selecting a material, the engineers interest is in

59、its properties which determine how it will perform under the loads and condition （ ）it is subject.问题1选项A.whereB.to whichC.in whichD.which【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。句意为：该工程师在选择材料时关注它的性能，其决定自身在负载和受限制的情况下将如何表现。根据关键词“the loads and condition”可知关系代词“where”不符合，再由subject一般构成“be subject to受制于”的固定搭配知B项“to which”正确

60、。17.单选题They are （ ）investors who always make thorough investigations both on local and international markets before making an investment.问题1选项A.implicitB.consciousC.cautiousD.indecisive【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项implicit“暗示的，含蓄的”；B选项conscious“有意识的，清醒的，故意的”；C选项cautious“谨慎的”；D选项indecisive“犹豫不决的”。空格部分是需