高中英语专题 Unit 4　Natural disasters 5.4 词汇短语

1、Section Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing.核心单词根据音标及词义写出正确的单词1_/spla/n.pl.补给品；供应(量)；补给vt.供应；供给2_/tp/vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n水龙头；轻叩；轻敲3_/pap/n.管子；管道4_/wsl/vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨；n.哨子(声)；呼啸声5_/imdnsi/n.突发事件；紧急情况6_/km/adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静7_/ed/n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助8_/kr/vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击n撞车；碰撞9_/

2、swip/vt.& vi.(swept, swept)打扫；清扫10_/wev/n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手11_/strak/vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n罢工；罢课；袭击12_/dlv(r)/vt.& vi.递送；传达vt.发表13._/smri/n.总结；概括；概要.拓展词汇根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇1_ (vi.)(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption (n.)火山爆发；(战争等)爆发2_ n能力；力量；权力powerful adj.强大的；有力的powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的3_/f

3、ekt/n.影响；结果；效果effective adj.有效果的4_/le/n.长；长度long adj.长的.重点短语根据汉语意思补全短语1_ the open air 露天；在户外2_ hand 现有(尤指帮助)3_away 消灭；彻底消除4_ up 搭建，举起，张贴5stay_ 保持冷静6in _ 处境危险7first of_ 首先8as many_ 多达.重点句型1v.ing结构作结果状语The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines acro

4、ss Asia yesterday, _ in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia at least four other countries.最强大的地震在过去的40年里引起了海啸，昨天亚洲海岸线被毁，造成印尼、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家6 500多人死亡。2be doing sth. when.正在做某事这时I _ with three children _ water started filling my home.我正在和三个孩子一起吃早餐这时家里开始充满了水。3make itadj.to do sth.中it为形式宾语，动词不定式是

5、真正的宾语。However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will_.然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。Read the text on page 54 and then choose the best answer.1Whats the main idea of the passage ?ASomething about the most powerful tsunami in Asia.BThe cause of the most powerful tsunami in Asia.CThe loss of the mo

6、st powerful tsunami in Asia.DHow to rescue ourselves in times of disaster.2What caused the tsunami? AHurricane BTyphoonCFlood DEarthquake3What is a magnitude of the earthquake that happened on December 27, 2004?A7.0 B9.0C7.5 D64Why was food and supplies hard to deliver?ABecause there were not enough

7、 food and supplies.BBecause rescue teams dared not go.CBecause conditions were hard and roads were destroyed.DBecause governments didnt organize rescue teams.第一板块|核心词汇诠释1supply npl.补给品；供应(量)；补给vt.供应；供给(教材P52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country

8、.向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。(1)school/medical supplies 学校用品/医疗用品(2)supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物supply sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物The water supply has been cut off because the workers are repairing the main pipes.因工人们在修主要管道水资源供应被切断。The Internet supplies a lot of information to us every day.因特网每天给我们提供很多信息。即学即练一句多译没有必

9、要担心，我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。 (1)There is no need to worry. We can _whatever you need. (2)There is no need to worry. We _ whatever you need to you.(3)There is no need to worry. We_ whatever you need for you.发散思维：“给某人提供某物”表达种种：provide sth. for vide sb. with sth.supply sth. to sb. supply sb. with sth.2. power n

10、能力；力量；权力(经典例句)As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。(1)have the power to do sth.具有做某事的能力come to power 上台；执政(动作)be in power 执政；掌权(状态)beyond ones power 力所不能及的(2)powerful adj. 强有力的There was a time when the girl lost the power of speech.曾经有一段时间，这个女孩不能说话。It is reported that the new president

11、will settle a lot of problems the moment he comes to power.据报道，新总统一上台就要解决很多问题。即学即练单句语法填空/单句写作(1)It has been two years since he came _power.(2)Im very sorry; it is _my power to finish such a difficult task.(3)I do believe that encouragement is so _(power) that it can change a person.(4)据我所知，这个政党执政两年了

12、。As far as I know, it is two years since the party _As far as I know, the party _ for two years.发散思维：加词缀ful名词变形容词荟萃：(1)power powerful adj.强大的；有力的(2)use useful adj.有用的；有益的(3) wonder wonderful adj. 精彩的(4)helphelpful adj.有帮助的3.calm vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的(经典佳句)It is of great importance to kee

13、p calm when a fire breaks out.当火灾发生时保持冷静很重要。(1)calm down 平静下来calm sb. down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来(2)keep calm 保持镇静Calm down! There is nothing to worry about.镇静下来！没有什么可担心的。Calm yourself down；there is no need to feel upset about it. 让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事心烦。即学即练 单句写作It is important_ in face of danger.在面临危险时，保持镇静是重

14、要的。图形助记：意境巧记“安静”四兄弟4.aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助(经典佳句)I couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。(1)give first aid to sb.对某人急救with the aid of 在的帮助下(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 帮助某人做某事aid sb.with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 With the

15、 aid of our teachers, we learned how to perform first aid.在老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。Id be very grateful if you can aid me with my English.如果你能帮助我学习英语我将不胜感激。 即学即练 单句语法填空(1)Neighbours aided him _ money when he almost lost everything in the fire.(2)He is so kind a boy that he often aided his mother _(clean)

16、the house.发散思维：with the aid of 的同义词：with the help of5.wave n波浪，波涛；挥手v波动；起伏；挥手(教材P54)Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被9级地震引起的巨浪卷走了。eq x(wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手告别blc rc(avs4alco1(

17、wave to/at sb.,give sb. a wave)向某人挥手)She refused my suggestion with a wave of her hand.她摆摆手拒绝了我的建议。He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.公共汽车开走时，他向我们挥了挥手。即学即练单句语法填空(1)The policeman waved the driver _ (stop)(2)At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye _

18、her daughter until the train was out of sight.图形助记：6.strike vi.&vt.打； 撞击； 罢工； 突然想到；打动，迷住；(钟) 敲； 侵袭n罢工一词多义写出下列句中strike的含义(1)The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.打动，迷住(2)The clock struck twelve when I got home last night.钟(报时)(3)A terrible earthquake struck Japan, making 30,000 peop

19、le or so lose their lives.侵袭(4)A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.突然想到(1)be struck by.被打动eq blc rc(avs4alco1(sth. strikes sb.,It strikes sb. that/wh.) 某人突然想起(2) be/go on strike 举行罢工即学即练单句写作我突然想到，我应该拜访我的老师。 _ I should pay a visit to my teacher.名师指津：(1) strike 过去式、过去分词分别为：struck; s

20、truck/stricken(2)“某人忽然想起”固定句式： It hit/struck sb. that7.deliver vt. 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)(经典佳句)I feel highly honoured to be invited to deliver a speech at the meeting. 被邀请在会议上演讲我感到莫大的荣幸。deliver sth.to投递/运送某物给deliver a speech 发表演说It was very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning.

21、你考虑得非常周到，每天早上把牛奶送到我们家门口。Hans was asked to deliver a speech on the graduation in Harvard University.汉斯被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。即学即练单句语法填空(1)The speech _ (deliver) by the headmaster at the meeting yesterday left a deep impression on his students.(2)I wonder why you refused _ (deliver) my letters to my home l

22、ast week.图形助记：8.effect n结果；效力(经典佳句) When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。(1)have an effect on/upon对产生影响come into effect 生效side effect 副作用(2)effective adj. 有效的； 有影响的There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on the children.

23、不可否认，阅读书籍会对儿童有良好的影响。The measures taken by the local government will come into effect next month.当地政府采取的措施将于下月生效。 即学即练单句语法填空(1)While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its _ (effect) have been positive.(2)As we all know, smoking has a bad effect _ our health.发散思维：不同的“影响”：affect vt.影响inf

24、luence n. 影响effect n. 影响impact n. 影响第二板块|重点句型解构1句型公式： ving作结果状语(教材P54)The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.最强大的地

25、震在过去的40年里引起了海啸，昨天亚洲海岸线被毁，造成印尼、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家6 500多人死亡。现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果。不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。Unfortunately his father died, leaving him a homeless boy.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使他成为一个无家可归的孩子。To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, becoming the most beautiful building in our school. 首先，一座新的体育馆被建立起

26、来，成为我校最美的建筑物。 即学即练单句语法填空(1)He hurried to the theatre, only _ (find) that the tickets had been sold out.(2)He got up late in the morning, _ (miss) the early bus.,名师指津：动词ing作结果状语，可转化为定语从句，如：(1)He is always late for class, making his teacher angry.(2)He is always late for class, which made his teacher

27、angry.他总是上学迟到，这使老师很生气。2.句型公式： be doing.when.正在做，就在这时(教材P54)I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正在和三个孩子一起吃早餐，这时家里开始充满了水。when在此处是并列连词，表示“正在那时，这时”，常用句型有：be doing.when.正在做，就在这时be about to do. when. 正要做，就在这时had just done.when. 刚做过这时We were having a meeting wh

28、en someone broke in.当时我们正在开会，突然有人闯了进来。We were about to set out when it began to rain.我们正要动身，这时开始下雨了。即学即练单句语法填空(1)I had just gone to bed _ the telephone rang.(2)I was about to give up _my best friend encouraged me to go on.(3)I _ (watch) TV when my little brother burst in.名师指津：牢记when的3种固定句型是解题的关键，whe

29、n意味“正在这时”，而不是“当时候”。. 单词拼写1It is very important to keep _ (镇静的) when an earthquake breaks out.2Global warming is having a great_ _(影响)on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.3They _ (挥手) to us to stay where we were.4You have the_ _ (能力) to live it well.5You are likely to sing or _ (吹

30、口哨) when you are happy.6It was said that the _ (台风)had caused a lot of damage. 7In the city, the water _ (管道) in some buildings cracked and burst.8What I did was (to) turn off the _(水龙头). 9Several hours later, the little boy was rescued with the _(帮助) of the police.10Im very glad that you can write

31、me a _ (概要) of this report.单句语法填空1To help students deal with their mental problems, we will hold a lecture _ (deliver) by a professor from the UK.2Whats more, it is another _ (effect) way to deal with the problem.3They felt it difficult _ (finish) the work in such a short time.4Today the number of p

32、eople learning English in China _ (increase) rapidly.5A wonderful idea _ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.6The dustman _ (sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.7The _ (long) of the article should be about 800 words.8I _ (have) a discussion with my friend about

33、 how to improve my English when my mother called me.9It was reported that as _ as 157 people died at the air crash.10Several hours later, the little boy was rescued _ the aid of the police.选词填空go through； sweep away； in shock； in the open air； put up； on hand 1They had to sleep _ after the earthquak

34、e. 2Always have your dictionary_ _when you study. 3I looked at my husband _,_waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.4We dont clean the house for a few days, because we dont want to _ good luck.5A week before Earth Day, posters were_ _ around our school, calling on us to join

35、in the actions for a greener earth.6He must have _ many difficulties before he succeeded.单句写作1我正要放弃的时候，我最好的朋友鼓励我继续。I _ my best friend encouraged me to go on.2我突然想到我应该给妈妈买一条项链作为生日礼物。_I should buy a necklace for my mother as a birthday gift.3我们发现在现代社会学习一门外语是很有必要的。We _ a foreign language in modern soci

36、ety.课时作业 15阅读理解AAs I stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the worlds poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the ro

37、ad was in worse condition.I appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was suddenly destroyed by mud. The “worst road in the country” changed my bicycle into a burden (负担) for days. Finally, I_was_clai

38、med_by_the_road. Tired. Alone.As I wiped (擦) the mud from my face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but if he

39、understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: “Their parents tell them while

40、 people steal and eat them. Funny, no？”I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away

41、, leaving me breathless.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在非洲马达加斯加骑行遇到困难的时候，一位当地人激励自己继续骑行的故事。1What was in the authors mind when he was in the mud?AHe considered his experience a special pleasure.BHe made up his mind to continue challenging himself.CHe tried to think out a new road for cycling in Antalaha.DHe re

42、gretted having the cycling holiday in Madagascar.2What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?AThe author chose another road.BThe author decided to ask for help.CThe author lay on the road for a rest.DThe author had no confidence to ride on.3How did the Malagasy man help the author?ABy sho

43、wing him the right way.BBy wiping the mud from his bike.CBy riding in front of him all the way.DBy teaching him how to ride in the mud.4Whats the best title for the text?AA lonely trip BA bicycle raceCA lesson in cycling DA road in MadagascarBRaccoons are smaller relatives of bears. They are native

44、to North America, but they can also be found in Asia and Europe. Raccoons live in wooded areas close to water, but they can be often found near urban areas. There are about 7 different species of raccoons. Pygmy raccoon is the only endangered species.Raccoons usually reach 40 to 70cm in length and w

45、eigh between 526kg. Raccoons that live in colder climates are larger and heavier. They have grayish fur, black masks around eyes and long tails covered with black and brown bands. Because of their tails, they are also called “ringtail”Raccoons_are_omnivores. They like to eat insects, eggs, small mam

46、mals, fruit, berries, garbage, and so on. Raccoons hands look like humans. They each have five fingers and are used to collect food, open shells, door or trash cans. Raccoons often place food in water before they start to eat it. They have highly sensitive sense of touch and water increases their se

47、nsitivity even more. By touching the food, they get better insight about things they will eat.They are easily adaptable (适应的) to various environments. They can live in hollow (中空的) trees equally happily like they can in useless cars. Raccoons live on their own and hunt at night. They dont hibernate

48、(冬眠), but they spend the coldest days of winters in their holes.Mating (交配) season takes place from January to mid March. Two months later, female will give birth to 34 babies. Their tails dont have bands, and the mask around eyes is still missing. Mother is very protective and she will teach them h

49、ow to survive and what to eat as they becomeready to leave the hole. Raccoons usually can live only 1.8 to 3.1 years in the wild, but they can live up to 20 years at a zoo.Raccoons can pass rabies, a kind of disease, to homeraised animals and people, which is very dangerous. Whats more, their waste

50、often has roundworms.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了与浣熊有关的一些知识。5What do we learn about raccoons?AThey love living near water.BThey are at risk of dying out.CThey love getting close to humans.DThey only live in areas far from urban areas.6What does the author most probably mean by saying “Raccoons are omni

51、vores”？AThey dont hibernate.BThey are very large animals.CThey are sensitive to foods tastes.DThey feed on many different types of food.7What are raccoons good at?AFinding food in deep water.BUsing their feet to open food.CAdapting to a new environment.DTelling differences among smells.8After readin

52、g the text, we can say that _.Araccoons like attacking humansBpeople consider raccoons very lovelyCraccoons and bears have a lot in commonDits better that humans keep away from raccoonsCAngus, Doris, Gabriel and Kamil are some of the 21 names that have been chosen to be given to storms in the UK in

53、the 2016/17 season.The Met Office, the UKs national weather service, decided to give storms boys and girls names in 2015 in the same way as they did in America.The Met Office hopes that naming big storms will mean people are more aware (意识到) of them and how dangerous they can be. Derrick Ryall, from the Met Office, said, “We have seen how naming storms elsewhere in the world raises peoples awareness of storms before they break.”In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organisa