新概念第三册第27课

1、Lesson 27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy不买也不卖第一页，共四十四页。It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. 据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。It has been said that = it is said that据说live by以为生第二页，共四十四页。In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and

2、 priests by selling spiritual comfort.根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。in the light of = according to, taking into account 依据，按照philosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,为了避免重复。第三页，共四十四页。philosopher n.哲学家Philosophy n.哲学The ancient Greek philosopher苏格拉底 Socrates skrti:z柏拉图 Plato pleitu亚里士多德 Aristotle rist

3、tl-Plato is dear to me, but dearer still is truth.-I love my teacher, but I love truth more. -Aristotle第四页，共四十四页。第五页，共四十四页。wisdom n.智慧Plato is a man of wisdom.=Plato is a wise man.wise adj.英明的，明智的-I made a wise choice.wisdom teethThiswisdomthatyou simplylearn fromothersisnot enough.Onthebasisofit,yo

4、u shouldbuildyour ownideas.第六页，共四十四页。priest n.牧师thethree major religionsof theworld:基督教 Christian krstn佛教 Buddhism bdzm伊斯兰教 Islamism izlmizm天主教 Catholicism klisizm道教 Taoism tazm印度教 Hinduism hinduizm第七页，共四十四页。 Christian第八页，共四十四页。 Buddhismbdzm第九页，共四十四页。 Islamismizlmizm第十页，共四十四页。 Taoism tazm第十一页，共四十四页。

5、 Hinduism hinduizm第十二页，共四十四页。spiritual adj.精神上的，非物质的spiritual life/spiritual need spirited adj. 精神饱满的，生机勃勃的，英勇的a spirited girllow-spirited 沮丧的 high-spirited 兴奋的a spirited debate 热烈的辩论public-spirited adj. 有爱国心的,有公德心的（名词public-spiritedness）Thanks to a group of public-spirited citizens, the Krippendorf

6、 garden has been preserved.多谢一群有公德心的市民，克利彭多夫花园才得以维持下去。第十三页，共四十四页。Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。though引导让

7、步状语从句，交代“先决条件是”in terms of 从方面说来，按照Thebookoffersnothingintermsofasatisfactoryconclusion.第十四页，共四十四页。It is the fashion nowadays, for instance, to explain all social unrest in terms of economic conditions.第十五页，共四十四页。There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, y

8、et we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. 有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。ahighfee高昂的费用precisely adv. 精确地；恰恰第十六页，共四十四页。grudge vt. 怀恨；吝惜；妒忌；不情愿做n. 怨恨；恶意；妒忌He grudged paying his taxes.他不愿付税金。-His crude master grudged him even

9、the food he ate.He grudged me my salary.他吝于给我薪水。-He grudged my success.( vt.妒忌，怨恨)They grudged him his prize.他们嫉妒他得奖。第十七页，共四十四页。surgeon n. 外科大夫surgery n.外科手术Theplasticsurgeonundercut the skinofhercheek.整容外科医生将她的脸皮下部切开。physician fzn n.内科医生 gynecologist ,ankldst n. 妇科医生pediatrician ,pidtrn n.儿科医生 dent

10、ist n.牙科医生nasalnezl /ear/oral/brain doctor鼻科/耳科/口腔/脑科医生第十八页，共四十四页。The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。such后面的that引导同位语从句，such是代词。这个从句中的that

11、引导的是一个定语从句，说明是“什么样的方法”。动词不定式tosell充当something的后置定语。第十九页，共四十四页。Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。trampsn. trmp 流浪汉tohisgeneralrule作证句子的补充状语。toarousethe

12、pityofpassers-by是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，即“出售本人的目的是引起过路人的怜悯”。第二十页，共四十四页。passer-by n.过路人（复数passers-by）looker-on 旁观者father-in-law 岳父，公公mother/son/daughter/brother/sister-in-law岳母/婆婆/女婿/儿媳妇/姐夫，妹夫/夫或妻的姐妹第二十一页，共四十四页。But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.但真正的流浪并不

13、是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西.这句话由but引导，是对上句内容的转折。tosell作nothing的后置定语。两个简单句由and连接。第二十二页，共四十四页。In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. 在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。inseeking为固定搭配，意思是“在追求的过程中”。A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.游浪汉可能会向

14、你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。这个句子由两个并列的分句构成，两个分句中各含有一个重要短语 asksb. forsth.(向某人索要某物)，asksb. todosth.(要求某人做某事)。第二十三页，共四十四页。dignity n.尊严，高贵lose ones dignity 丢面子，失去尊严-If you are afraid of losing your dignity, you cant expect to learn a foreign language.-Although she is very poor, she has not lost her dignity.第二十四页，共四十

15、四页。He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。heleads作life的定语从句，前面省去了关系代词that。第二十五页，共四十四页。deliberately adv. 故意地（=on purpose）-He coughed deliberately/on purpose to attract my attention.adv.慎重地，深思熟虑地-He made a decision deli

16、berately.第二十六页，共四十四页。consequence n.后果，结果in consequence 因此，结果-It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled.in consequence of 因为.的缘故，由于-He didnt come to school in consequence of his illness.take the consequence of 承担.的责任-You have to take the consequence of the accident.第二十七页，共四十四页。He

17、may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. 他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。wherethenextmealiscomingfrom是谓语besure所指的内容，即宾语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰anxieties,指“的烦心事”。be free from 不受.的影响，后面常接pain, trouble, danger. 第二十八页，共四十四

18、页。afflict v.使苦恼，折磨be afflicted with 受.折磨-He is afflicted with a disease.She is afflicted with a conscience她受良心的责备。affliction n. 痛苦，苦恼Thethought thatthispersonistheonly oneformeistherootoftheaffliction.那种认为“这个人是我的唯一”的想法是痛苦的根源。第二十九页，共四十四页。His few material possession make it possible for him to move fr

19、om place to place with ease.他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是tomovefromplacetoplacewithease。withease相当于easily。第三十页，共四十四页。ease n.容易with ease 熟练地，轻而易举地（=easily）-He finished the task with ease。at ease 安逸，自由自在-He is quite at ease in public.be/feel ill at ease 局促不安，心神不宁-I always feel ill at ease i

20、n a strange environment.第三十一页，共四十四页。By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。byhavingtosleepintheopen是介词短语，作原因状语，意即“由于不得不露宿”。getcloseto的意思是“接近”。getfarclosertothan的意思是“比接近得多”。do代替get closetotheworldofnature。第三十二页，共四十四

21、页。nature n.大自然nature reserve 自然保护区 n.本性human nature 人性，人类本性-Caring animals is human nature.第三十三页，共四十四页。He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. 为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点

22、儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。in times of 在的时候句中两个分号表明这两个简单句均为并列关系。第三十四页，共四十四页。We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类

23、。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？asbeggars是class的定语。这里的as是关系代词，意思是“他们和乞丐归为同一类”。theirfreedomfromcare的意思是“他们的无忧无虑”，freedomfromcare相当于freefromcare,只是由于句子结构和对词性的要求而把free改为freedom。第三十五页，共四十四页。contempt n.蔑视hold sb. in contempt =look down upon sb. 鄙视某人I hold him in contempt because he has nothi

24、ng to do every day.in contempt of不顾；不把放在眼里；藐视He went abroad in contempt of his fathers objection.第三十六页，共四十四页。contemptible adj.可鄙的，可轻视的，不齿的He is a contemptible person.Youcantellheis arudeandcontemptiblemanby thecontentofhishostilecomments.从他充满仇意的言语内容中，大家不难看出他是个粗野可鄙的人。第三十七页，共四十四页。envious adj.羡慕的，嫉妒的be

25、 envious of I am envious of your success.jealous dls adj.妒忌的，吃醋的，羡慕的He is jealous of our success.envious 羡慕jealous 嫉妒，含贬义envious，jealous and hateful第三十八页，共四十四页。Comprehension questions1. It has been said everyone lives by doing what?By selling something. 2. What do teachers live by selling?Knowledge.

26、3. Who live by selling wisdom?Philosophers.4. And what about the priests?They live by selling spiritual comforts.第三十九页，共四十四页。5. How difficult is it to estimate the true value of services that people perform? Extremely difficult. 6. Would most of us willingly give up everything we possess to save our

27、 lives?Yes, we would. 7. But who might we grudge paying?A surgeon.8. What has to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for?Skills.第四十页，共四十四页。9. Tramps seem to be an exception to the rule. What is the rule?Everyone has something to sell.10. What do beggars almost do?Sell themselves.11. Are real tramps beggar