医学英语课件资料：Clinical management of potential bioterrorism related conditions

1、Clinical management of potential bioterrorism related conditions标题翻译及全文介绍Management管理处理、应对措施Clinical management临床处理/临床应对措施Potential潜在的，可能的Bioterrorism生物恐怖主义Clinical management of potential bioterrorism related conditions潜在的生物恐怖主义相关状况的临床处理生物恐怖主义指的就是利用可在人与动物之间传染或人畜共患的感染媒介物，如细菌、病毒、原生动物、真菌，将其制成各种生物制剂，发动

2、攻击，致使疫病流行，人、动物、农作物大量感染，甚至死亡，造成较大的人员、经济损失或引起社会恐慌，动乱。炭疽（anthrax）天花（smallpox）肺鼠疫（pneumonic plague）肉毒杆菌中毒（botulism）兔热病（tularemia）2001 attacks炭疽攻击事件是在美国发生的一起从2001年9月18日开始为期数周的生物恐怖袭击。从2001年9月18日开始有人把含有炭疽杆菌的信件寄给数个新闻媒体办公室以及两名民主党参议员。这个事件导致5人死亡，17人被感染。Smallpox1763年1月24日，英国军队故意将己方患天花病者使用的毛毯、手绢散发留弃给北美印地安人部落。不久在

3、俄亥俄河谷区域的印地安人部落确实发生天花流行。天花是唯一被根除的人感染疾病。因此常规的疫苗接种就停止了。一旦实验室中的天花病毒泄漏，就会产生大量的易感人群。医药管理部门职能概述王乐君子 201201012the leading national public health institute of the United States.to protectpublic healthand safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability.focuses its attention on inf

4、ectious disease,food borne pathogens,environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion,injury preventionand educational activities.federal agencyof theUnited States Department of Health and Human Servicesresponsible for protecting and promotingpublic healthfood safety,tobacco pr

5、oducts,prescription, dietary supplements,andover-the-counterpharmaceutical drugs(medications),vaccines,biopharmaceuticals,blood transfusions,medical devices,electromagnetic radiationemitting devices (ERED), cosmetics,animal foods & feedandveterinary products.研究性新药申请（IND）人体实验新药申请（NDA）Food and Drug Ad

6、ministration词根词汇张伯瀚 201201013-rrheadiarrhea Rhinorrhea rhino 犀牛 rhino- nose (Greek) -itis Pericarditis Myocarditis Encephalitis MeningitisHemo- Hemorrhagic mediastinitis Hemoptysis Hemoconcentration -drome Syndrome Prodrome 前驱症状Chest imaging Atelectasis Pleural effusionsUnenhanced Computed Tomograph

7、y非增强计算机断层扫描 Hyperdense (hemorrhagic) mediastinal lymphadenopathyEchocardiogram Pericardial effusionLaboratory studies Hemoconcentration Abnormal transaminases Anemia Thrombocytopenia Coagulopathy词汇介绍金榆凯 201201039Computed TomographyIntensive Care UnitMechanical ventilationHemodynamic monitoring Cardi

8、opulmonary resuscitation （CPR）Fluid resuscitation Intradermal 皮内Subcutaneous 皮下Intramuscular Percutaneous 经皮 Seldinger technique 词汇介绍杨光 201201011疹、疱、痂Macule, papulevesicle, pustuleeschar, scabCutaneous anthraxAfter a 1-day to 12-day incubation period, a pruritic papule appears at the site of inocula

9、tion, progresses to become a vesicle or pustule, and finally becomes the characteristic painless, coal-black eschar from which the disease derives its name.SmallpoxThe rash is characteristically centrifugal, with lesions progressing synchronously from macules to papules to vesicles (umbilicated) to

10、pustules to scabs over a period of a couple of weeks.疹：macule & papuleMacule：斑疹 patchWiki cutaneous conditions: A macule is a change in surface colour, without elevation or depression and, therefore, nonpalpable, well or ill-defined, variously sized, but generally considered less than either 5 or 10

11、 mm in diameter at the widest point.Papule：丘疹 plaqueWiki cutaneous conditions: A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.疱：vesicle & vesiclesVesicle：水疱 bullaWiki cutaneous

12、conditions：A vesicle is a circumscribed, fluid-containing, epidermal elevation generally considered less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point. Pustule：脓疱Wiki cutaneous conditions：A pustule is a small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or purulent material usually consisting of

13、 necrotic inflammatory cells. These can be either white or red.比较触诊阴性：斑疹阳性液体无可见液体：丘疹有可见液体液体类型浆液：水疱脓液：脓疱痂：eschar & scabEschar：焦痂Wiki - eschar：An eschar is a slough or piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer

14、, and exposure to cutaneous anthrax.Wiki - anthrax：It (cutaneous anthrax) presents as a boil-like skin lesion that eventually forms an ulcer with a black center (eschar).Ulcer：溃疡Wiki - Ulcer (dermatology)：An ulcer is a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissu

15、e. Scab：痂Wiki - scab：Scab, a hard coating on the skin formed during the wound healing reconstruction phase.Difference between eschar & scabEscharnecrotic tissueScabdried blood and exudate长难句翻译的心路历程黄健男 201201043通顺：补、倒、拆1：补Ideally, systematic forms of anthrax should be treated in an intensive care uni

16、t, where 【interventions】 such as mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic monitoring, fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support, prophylaxis for deep-vein thrombosis, and prophylaxis for gastrointestinal bleeding can be provided, consistent with the current sepsis protocols.1：补Ideally, systematic forms of

17、 anthrax should be treated in an Ixxxxx Cxxxx Uxxxx, where 【这些东西】 can be provided, consistent with the current sepsis protocols.理想状态下，系统性炭疽病需要ICU的治疗护理，因为在这里可以满足诸如机械性通风，动态血液监控，液体复苏，血管加压支撑以及深部静脉血栓和胃肠出血的预防要求，这些需求和现行的败血症处理标准一致。2：倒A systematic review of 73 pediatric cases, most of which were cutaneous or

18、 gastrointestinal, yielded no striking differences in the presentation of anthrax in children, as compared with adults.在一份含73例小儿患者的系统性回顾中，其中大多数是表皮性或胃肠性炭疽，炭疽对儿童的致死率没有显著区别，和成人相比。在一份含73例小儿患者的系统性回顾（大多数是表皮性或胃肠性炭疽）中，和成人相比，炭疽对儿童的致死率没有显著区别。在一份表皮性或胃肠性炭疽占多数的共含73例小儿患者的系统性回顾中，和成人相比，炭疽对儿童的致死率没有显著区别。在一份表皮性或胃肠性炭疽占多数的共含73例小