




版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
1、Legal Research ReviewLegal ResearchMarch 2005Leah Sandwell-WeissReference LibrarianLegal Research ReviewLegal ResPrimary Authority“The Law” generated by the three branches of governmentCasesStatutesAdministrative RegulationsAccessing primary authorities is the ultimate goal of nearly all legal resea
2、rchPrimary Authority“The Law” genSecondary AuthorityNOT “the law”Provides citations to primary authorityProvides background information that can aid in understanding primary authority (“the law”) May present novel theories that later find their way into primary authority Often provides the best star
3、ting point for research, especially when legal issues are unclearSecondary AuthorityNOT “the laMandatory Authority“The law” of your jurisdictionYour states highest courtYour states statutesYour states regulationsYour federal district courtYour federal court of appealsThe United States Supreme CourtH
4、ave to followMandatory Authority“The law” oPersuasive Authority“The law” from somewhere elseAnother states supreme courtAnother federal court of appealsSome secondary sourcesDont “have to” follow, but use to persuadePersuasive Authority“The law” Secondary SourcesProvide commentary on law & reference
5、s to primary law & other secondary sourcesPersuasive AuthorityLaw ReviewsTreatises (but not hornbooks or nutshells)RestatementsNot Persuasive AuthorityLegal EncyclopediasAmerican Law Reports (ALRs)Secondary SourcesProvide commeOrganization of Federal & State CourtsOrganization of Federal & StaReadin
6、g a CaseParallel Citation (editorial enhancement)Title (editorial enhancement)Docket # (editorial enhancement)Case Summary (editorial enhancement)Headnotes (editorial enhancement)Opinion (official)Reading a CaseParallel CitatioCase ReportersOrganized by jurisdictionCases in chronological orderArizon
7、a CasesArizona Supreme Court =Arizona Reports, P., P.2dArizona Court of Appeals =Arizona Appellate Reports (1965 1976), Arizona Reports, P., P.2dCase ReportersOrganized by jurFederal Courts & ReportersSupreme Court = U.S. Reports (U.S.) (official)Supreme Court Reporter (S. Ct.)U.S. Supreme Court Rep
8、orts, Lawyers Edition (L. Ed., L. Ed. 2d)Courts of Appeals = Federal Reporter (F., F.2d, F.3d)District Courts =Federal Supplement (F. Supp., F. Supp. 2d)Federal Courts & ReportersSuprFinding casesAnnotated CodesSecondary SourcesDigest Topic Name and Key Number (subject index to all case law)If have
9、case name but no citation: Digest Table of CasesDatabase search on Westlaw or Lexis (pick the most narrow database)Finding casesAnnotated CodesDigestsAll cases on a given legal point collected under the same digest topic & key numberDigest topics & key numbers consistent through all West digestsSele
10、ct the appropriate DigestMost jurisdictionalDigestsAll cases on a given leUsing Digests to Find CasesFrom a case on pointUse the headnotes to identify relevant topics & key numbersFrom the Descriptive Word IndexLook up relevant subjectsCheck for new entries in pocket partFrom a topic entryCheck out
11、the outline of key numbersUsing Digests to Find CasesFroUsing Digests, contdFind topic & key number in right volumeCheck court & dates to target appropriate cases to readRead summariesUpdate with pocket parts or interim pamphletsUsing Digests, contdFind topiFinding Cases OnlineUse Annotated Codes on
12、lineFind known case online & use headnotes (Westlaw) or core terms/core concepts (Lexis)If already have a topic & key number, use them to find more cases on WestlawUse Shepards/KeyCiteTerms & Connectors/Natural Language SearchesPay attention to database selectionFinding Cases OnlineUse AnnotaCase La
13、w TipsLook for mandatory authority firstNote: case law always primary authorityIf there is insufficient mandatory authority, look for primary persuasiveRead opinions in full and cite only to the opinion itself Case Law TipsLook for mandatorStatutory PublicationSlip lawsSeparately issued versions of
14、each law as passedSession lawsChronological arrangement of statutesLaw as passed by legislature - No amendmentsCodesOrganized by subject, often called “Titles”“Current” version of law, with amendmentsStatutory PublicationSlip lawsAnnotated CodesCan be official or unofficialContain references to:Case
15、s (Notes of Decisions)Administrative code sections (CFRs)Legal encyclopediasLegislative historyLaw reviews & TreatisesWest Codes Headnotes & Key NumbersAnnotated CodesCan be officialFinding StatutesIn PrintSubject indexesSecondary Sources References in casesPopular Names Table to find specific actOn
16、lineReferences in casesShepards/KeyCiteTerms & Connectors/Natural Language SearchesFinding StatutesIn PrintUpdating Primary LawPocket Parts in PrintCitators (Shepards/KeyCite) OnlineValidating - is it still “good law?”History of the case Was your case overruled/revised on appeal?Citing References Wa
17、s your case been overruled/ invalidated entirely? Was it chipped away at such that the validity is questionable? Has your specific issue been affected by negative treatment?Expanding ResearchCiting References & secondary sources on the same or similar points of lawUpdating Primary LawPocket ParLimit
18、ing Citing ReferencesHeadnote number (specific Topic/Issue)JurisdictionType of document (case law, admin law, secondary sources)Specific additional terms (Locate on Westlaw and Focus on Lexis)Depth of treatment (Westlaw)Limiting Citing ReferencesHeadCompleting Your ResearchDid you address the question asked?Did you research the correct jurisdiction?Do you understand the area of law you are researching?Did you find enough applicable primary, mandatory authority to an
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 侦探预告函题目及答案
- 2025年中国铁铬铝丝布行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国转鼓式碎浆机行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国索具护套行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国省配线系统行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国猴头菇多糖胶囊行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国浅海海底同轴通信电缆行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国断路器绝缘罩壳行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国导游扇行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 2025年中国塑料直输平顶链行业投资前景及策略咨询研究报告
- 农村自建房业主培训课件
- 财产申报表-被执行人用
- 一例肝硬化患者的护理查房课件
- 2025-2030中国光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)市场规模预测与竞争格局分析研究报告
- 《2025年普通高校在陕招生计划》
- 2025年广西壮族自治区三支一扶考试真题
- 宿舍管理员述职报告
- 2025年徐州市专业技术人员公需课程 - 心理调适
- 企业内部保密工作流程制度
- 《云南教育强省建设规划纲要(2024-2035年)》解读培训
- 第四章美容手术基本知识及技术美容外科学概论讲解
评论
0/150
提交评论