新东方翻译精选课件

1、四级翻译抢分班北京新东方学校 石雷鹏四级翻译抢分班石雷鹏：.sina/neworientalsjzTOEFL、IELTS、 考研、 四六级写作石雷鹏：四级翻译命题形式时间5分钟，5道题全部为汉译英，占5%，共36分。 在答题卡2上作答。句长为15至30个词，其中有部分英语词汇给出,需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词，考生只需按照英文句子意思把汉语部分翻译成英文。四级翻译命题形式时间5分钟，5道题全部为汉译英，占5%，共3四级翻译考点1. 固定搭配（词汇）2. 核心语法四级翻译考点1. 固定搭配（词汇）1. 固定搭配(大纲样题)例1：By contrast, American mothers wer

2、e more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. 1. 固定搭配(大纲样题)例1：By contrast, A四级英语翻译评分细则1整体内容和语言均正确，满分。2结构正确，但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当，得一半分值。3整体意思正确但语言有错误，得一半分值。4整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分。5大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。四级英语翻译评分细则1整体内容和语言均正确，满分。该题目有两个固定搭配考点：1)be likely to do sth ; 2) oweto /attributeto 答案：to attribute/ owe their ch

3、ildrens success to该题目有两个固定搭配考点：2. 核心语法被动、从句知识（名从、状从、定从）、倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、强调结构、非谓语动词2. 核心语法被动、从句知识（名从、状从、定从）、倒装结构、2. 核心语法考点：例12019-690It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁).2. 核心语法考点：例12019-6【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气和被动的掌握。(should) be fixed/installed by the window【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生

4、对虚拟语气和被例2：(大纲样题)2. Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either.did he charge me too muchdid he overcharge me例2：(大纲样题)2. Not only _四级翻译原则：切忌逐字翻译2019-65. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的话).四级翻译原则：切忌逐字翻译2019-6本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语从句或固定搭配，“你方便的话”If it is convenient for yo

5、uat your convenience本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语从句或固定搭配，关注三方面：人称、单复数、动词（时态、语态、语气）关注三方面：人称、单复数、动词（时态、语态、语气）成功破解四级汉译英解题流程：第一步：浏览句子、判定考点第二步：判定动词、切块组合成功破解四级汉译英解题流程：切块组合以动词为切入点；先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。切块组合以动词为切入点；先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应语法考点：1.被动2019-0691.Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week beca

6、use of the economic crisis.语法考点：1.被动2019-06第一步：由Though a skilled worker, last week because of the economic crisis.可以推出，划线处应该补全完整主句，时态由last week确定为一般过去时态。第一步：由Though a skilled worker, 第二步：1.切块翻译：“解雇”= be fired(注意被动)；“他”=he；“公司”=company第二步：1.切块翻译：2.重新组合： 正确答案：he was fired by the companyfire dismiss2.重

7、新组合： 2019-0687. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _ (能应用于新技术的开发). 2019-06考点：固定搭配和被动语态“apply to” can be applied to the development of the new technology 考点：固定搭配和被动语态2019-1291.the anti-virus agent was not known _(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)2019-12答案：until it was accidentally found/discovered b

8、y a doctoruntil a doctor found it by chance 答案：2019-690It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁).(should) be fixed/installed by the window2019-62019-1288. The magnificent museum _(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago.【结构分析】主语为the significant museum，谓语 （据说建成于）about a hundred years ago为时间状语。2019

9、-12【考点】被动语态: 主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。据说 be said to；be said to+ 动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。【答案】：is said to have been built 【考点】语法考点：2.定语从句定从翻译步骤：a.写出正确简单句，并确定中心话题(名词)b.中心话题后加入定从，关系词： who/ whose / which / where / when；若关系词在从句中做宾语，可省略。语法考点：2.定语从句定从翻译步骤：Eg: 他是个从来不听磁带的人。两步：a. He is a _. b.

10、 He is a man who never listens to any tapes.Eg: 他是个从来不听磁带的人。2019-0688. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _ (我们可以合作的领域). 2019-06第一步：浏览句子，判定考点：定语从句第二步：1. 补充完成主句，注意单复数. the field, 2. 完成定语从句写作：判定动词, 切块翻译第一步：浏览句子，判定考点：定语从句答案：the field where we can cooperate或者：the field in which we can cooperate 答案：

11、请暂停完成以下练习：87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems (他们至今还没有答案)90. _ (与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.91. They requested that _(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.请暂停完成以下练习：87.Medical researche2019-12：87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there ar

12、e many problems (他们至今还没有答案)that they havent found answers toto which they still have no answers 2019-12：2019-6：90. _ (与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.Compared with the place where I grew up2019-6：2019-1291. They requested that _(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.books I borrowed should

13、 be returned to the library2019-1291. They requested thatI should return books I borrowed to the libraryI should return books I borrow定从考点强化练习：1. What he objects to is the bureaucracy, _.(这种情况正在不断滋长)2. We felt very disappointed after the show,_.(因为很多应该参加演出的名演员没有来)定从考点强化练习：1. What he objects to1. Wha

14、t he objects to is the bureaucracy, _. (这种情况正在不断滋长)which is on the increase. Which is increasing1. What he objects to is the b2. We felt very disappointed after the show,_.(因为很多应该参加演出的名演员没有来)as many famous stars who should have appeared did not come. 2. We felt very disappointed a语法考点：3.名词性从句a.宾语从句b

15、.主语从句c. 表语从句d. 同位语从句语法考点：3.名词性从句a.宾语从句a.宾从从句在主句中充当动词、介词或形容词的宾语：由that/what/who/whether/where/which 等引导2019-1291. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life_（是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的），not how much they can earn.a.宾从从句在主句中充当动词、介词或形容词的宾语：由that衡量：measure答案：is measured by how much can they borrow. is

16、measured by how much they can borrow.衡量：measure2. Color and sex are not relevant to _(一个人是否适合这个职位) 答案2. whether a person is suitable for the job 2. Color and sex are not relev请暂停完成练习：82.How long does a jacket like this last me? (这要看你多长时间穿一次)2. Color and sex are not relevant to _(一个人是否适合这个职位)请暂停完成练习：

17、2. Color and sex are not relevant to _(一个人是否适合这个职位) 答案：2. whether a person is suitable for the job2. Color and sex are not relev2009年12月：cet-6 82.How long does a jacket like this last me? (这要看你多长时间穿一次)答案： It depends on how often you wear it2009年12月：cet-6 b.主语从句2019-12：88. (大多数父母所关心的) is providing th

18、e best education possible for their children.b.主语从句2019-12：所字结构= what从句（what在从句中作宾语）What most parents are concerned about所字结构= what从句（what在从句中作宾语）2009-0690. (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.2009-0690. What many people dont realize90. What many people dont r

19、ea使字结构= what 从句（what在从句中做主语）写作常用句式：I think that = what convinces me is that 使字结构= what 从句（what在从句中做主语）2019-1290. _(给游客印象最深的) was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.What impressed tourists the most 2019-12强化练习：_(John是否来) doesnt matter much. We can rely on ourselves.Whether John will come

20、 or not 强化练习：2. _ (他喜欢做的事情)is ignored by society as of no value or importance.Key: What he enjoys doing2. _ (他喜欢做的事情)ic.表语从句【CET-4：2019.12】In my sixties, one change I notice is that _(我比以前更容易累了).I am easier to get tired than before. 答案：I am more likely to get tired than before.c.表语从句【CET-4：2019.12】新

21、东方翻译精选课件语法考点：4.状语从句状语从句：让步、时间、条件、目的、原因、地点、结果、方式和比较语法考点：4.状语从句状语从句：让步、时间、条件、目的、原因小重点：让步状语从句a. no matter + what/ who/ when/ where/how what/ who/ when/ where/ how + ever小重点：让步状语从句a. no matter + what/No matter where you are, you will see English in China. Some are chinglish expressions. No matter where

22、you are, you w区分：No matter what VS whatever No matter what: 只能充当状语Whatever: 引导名词性从句或状语从句区分：No matter what VS whatever 区分要点：原句缺少主、宾、表、同位语时使用只能使用whatever/whichever/whenever/whoever简单办法：有逗号= no matter what 无逗号= whatever区分要点：原句缺少主、宾、表、同位语时使用只能使用whate2019-1289. I am going to pursue this course,_（无论我要作出什么

23、样的牺牲）.参考答案：no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make2019-12暂停完成练习：2019-689. Leaving ones job, _ (不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.1 (不管发生什么事情)，he would not mind. 2 (无论谁在这抽烟)will be punished. 暂停完成练习：2019-689. Leaving ones job, _ (不管是什么工作), is a diffic

24、ult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.【解析】第一步：待译内容是让步状语(从句)。“不管是什么”可以译作no matter what或whatever。89. Leaving ones job, _第二步：切块（翻译）组合：no matter what job it isno matter what the job iswhatever job it is新东方翻译精选课件强化练习1 (不管发生什么事情)，he would not mind. 答案：No matter what happened（状语从句），可以用wha

25、tever happened替换强化练习1 2 (无论谁在这抽烟)will be punished. (主语从句) 答案：Whoever smokes here（不能用no matter who）2 3 （不管他喜欢哪一个will be given to him. 考点：主语从句答案： Whichever he likes (不能用no matter which)3 b. although, though, as, while_(虽然我们已经取得很大进步), we still have a long way to go.答案：Though we have made great progress

26、 b. although, though, as, while练习(2019-06)85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning _(而动物的举动首要寄托本能). 答案：while animal behavior depends mainly on/upon their instinctdepend on is dependent on练习(2019-06)c. even if , even though5. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert even if _(那意味着要排整

27、夜的长队). 答案：it means standing in a queue all night c. even if , even though时间状语从句：2019-1290. Some psychologists claim that people_(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)答案：may feel lonely when they are away from home时间状语从句：2019-12练习：2009-12：89. Scientists agrees that it will be a long time _ (我们找到治愈癌症的方法).答案：before we find th

28、e methods of curing cancersbefore we find the cure for cancer练习：2009-12：89. Scientists agre目的状语从句89.Youd better take a sweater with you_(以防天气变冷) in case it turns cold目的状语从句89.Youd better take a sin case作短语连词，能引导状语从句 其一：in case just in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，以备，以防”等解例如：Please remind me of it again tomorrow

29、 _(免得我忘记).答案： in case I forget. in case作短语连词，能引导状语从句 其二：in case接条件从句，意为“如果、万一”如：_,（万一我回来前他先到了）please ask him to wait.答案：In case he arrives before I get back其二：in case接条件从句，意为“如果、万一”注意: in case引出的条件从句所表示的意义是预防某种情况的出现;如果从句说的是一般的假设或条件,则要用if 。请比较:Ill tell him about the matter if I meet him. (不用in case)T

30、ake an umbrella in case it rains. (不用if )注意: in case引出的条件从句所表示的意义是预防某种扩展：2. in case of是短语介词，后接名词、动名词、代词等。置于句末常看作目的状语，作“以免，以防”；扩展：89.Youd better take a sweater with you_(以防天气变冷)答案：in case of cold weather/ temperature drop89.Youd better take a sweater置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解如：_（如果发生火灾）,dial 119 at once.答

31、案： In case of fire置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解条件状语从句：2019-6：5. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的话).条件状语从句：2019-6：本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语从句，“你方便的话”it is convenient for youat your convenience本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语从句，练习：1He will surely succeed _.(只要他不停的努力)考点：本题考查 as long as(只要)引导的条件状语从句。答案：as long as he k

32、eeps on trying. 练习：4. I dont mind your delaying making the decision _(只要不是太晚) 答案：as long as it is not too late4. I dont mind your delaying 原因状语从句：2019-1290. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because_（它更加方便和省时）.it is more convenient and time-saving原因状语从句：2019-12语法考点：5.倒

33、装在英语中,主语和谓语有两种顺序: 一是主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序( Natural Order ).反之,如果谓语在主语前面,就是倒装语序( Inverted Order ).语法考点：5.倒装在英语中,主语和谓语有两种顺序: 倒装原因：语法结构的需要；强调。倒装语序全部倒装部分倒装Full InversionPartial Inversion倒装原因：语法结构的需要；强调。倒装语序全部倒装部分倒装Fua.全部倒装：整个谓语都放在主语的前面.在以here , there ，out , in , up, down, away, off等方位副词(短语)或以now, then时间副词开头的

34、句子 里，以示强调。如：Here are some picture-books.In the front of the classroom stands a young teacher. a.全部倒装：整个谓语都放在主语的前面.但当代词作主语时不用倒装。如：There he comes.但当代词作主语时不用倒装。如：部分(半)倒装:(一般疑问句语序)a. 表否定的副词或短语位于句首，主句半倒装I will never agree. Never will I agree. Hardly can I agree.部分(半)倒装:(一般疑问句语序)a. 表否定的副词或短语位not until, ne

35、ver, hardly, scarcely, seldom, neither, little, in no case(决不), 此外：on no account, by no means, rarely, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(决不), neither (nor), no sooner(than), hardly(when), barely(仅仅，几乎不), in no circumstances(决不), not a bit, nowhere, not onlybut also。not until, nev

36、er, hardly, scar(大纲样题) Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either.正常语序：he charged me too much 答案：did he charge me too muchdid he overcharge me(大纲样题) Not only _ 2019-0691. _ (直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.解析：1. 待译内容是时间状语，由于动作发生在主句谓语之前，应该用过去完成时。2019-0691. _ (直到他完

37、成使命2. “完成使命”可译作accomplish/completed/finish/fulfill ones mission“直到(才)”译作not until答案：Not until he had finished/fulfilled his mission2. “完成使命”可译作accomplish/complet2019-0688.The manager never laughed; neither _(她也从来没有发过脾气)did she lose her temper. did she become angry.2019-06请暂停完成以下练习：87. The university

38、 authorities did not approve the regulation, _ (也没有解释为什么).The witness was told that under no circumstances_.(他都不应该对法庭说谎)85. Never once (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago.请暂停完成以下练习：87. The university a2019年6月87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, _ (也没有解释为什么).答案：(a

39、nd) neither did they explain the reason (and) neither did they give the reason for doing so2019年6月【CET-6：2019.12】 The witness was told that under no circumstances_.(他都不应该对法庭说谎)参考答案：should he lie to the court.【CET-6：2019.12】 2019-06 CET-685. Never once (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago.

40、答案：have the old couple quarreled with each other 2019-06 CET-6补充：用于so, nor, neither 开头的句子中，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物。If Tom goes to the party, so will Mary.补充：用于so, nor, neither 开头的句子中，表a.当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时半倒装，如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。When my beloved is by my side, I can feel the true happiness. Only when m

41、y beloved is by my side, can I feel the true happiness. a.当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时半倒装，如不在句首但only修饰主语时不倒装：Only Dr Yang can save his life.但only修饰主语时不倒装：其他：Only in this way, only then, only once, only in AmericaChina, only after【CET-6：2019.6】Only in the small town_. (他才感到安全和放松)参考答案：does she feel secure and

42、relaxed其他：Only in this way, only then3. 在 as / though 引导的让步状语从句中，句子倒装：表语或状语或动词原形+as / though+主语+其他注意：1) 句首名词不带冠词。2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。3. 在 as / though 引导的让步状语从句中，句子a.表语前置：Although ZYK is a girl, she is called Brother Zeng. Girl as ZYK is, she is called brother Zeng. a.表

43、语前置：Although ZYK is a girl,b.状语前置： Althouhg I like the color TV set very much, I cant afford it. Very much as / though I like the color TV set, I cant afford it.b.状语前置： Althouhg I like the co2009-12 六级91.Much_（我感到遗憾），I was unable to finish the work on time.原句：Although I felt much regretful,半倒装：Much

44、regretful as I felt2009-12 六级3. 谓语前置：Try hard as he will, he always seems speak Shandong English. 3. 谓语前置：语法考点6：虚拟语气a.(should)+动词原形的情形b.if或but for等引导的条件句c.wish, if only的用法语法考点6：虚拟语气a.(should)+动词原形的情形a1.(should)+动词原形的情形:表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”宾语从句：动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire,

45、 insist, require, decide, promise, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等。a1.(should)+动词原形的情形:表示“命令”、“建I insisted that English learners should memorize words everywhere. I insisted that English learne注：一词多义现象：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。When asked why he declined our invitation, he suggested

46、 that he was not on good terms with the director.注：一词多义现象：练习：3.The professor required that_ (我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.91. They requested that_(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.练习：3.The professor required that_ (我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.第一步：由The professor required that_,可以推出，划线处应该填写句子，并且是虚拟语气。3.The professor requir

47、ed that第二步：1.切块对应翻译：“交”= hand in；“研究报告”=research reports（名词注意单复数）；“我们”we第二步：1.切块对应翻译：2.重新组合： 正确答案：we (should) hand in （submit） our research reports2.重新组合： 91. They requested that_(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.books I borrowed should be returned to the libraryI should return books I borrowed to the libr

48、ary91. They requested that_练习：The special committee recommended that _ (这项工程不应动工) until all the preparations have been made.考点： 虚拟语气，动词recommend后的宾语从句中使用should 加动词原形， should 可省.答案：the project not be started练习：a.2.表示“建议、命令、要求、想法” 的主语从句或表语从句中-上面动词对应的名词advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, deci

49、sion, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,建议：It is my idea/suggestion that .a.2.表示“建议、命令、要求、想法” 的主语从句或表语从句练习：8) His proposal was that _(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _(取消四级考试). 练习：8) His proposal was that _(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).答

50、案：they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem8) His proposal was that _9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _(取消四级考试). 答案：the CET-4 (should) be canceled9) We are going to discuss hisa.3在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate,

51、 desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。 It is incredible that the boy should believe my words. a.3在形容词important, necessary, 六级大纲样题：72. It was essential that _ (我们月底前签订合同)。答案：we should sign the contract before the end of the month. 六级大纲样

52、题：特例：it is time that + 一般过去式谓语动词用过去式，指现在或将来的情况，表示“早该干某事而已经有些晚了”Its time_(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.答案：something was done/some measures were taken特例：it is time that + 一般过去式谓语动词b.if或but for等引导的条件句区别：if 引导从句 but for= without: 加名词、代词、动名词b.if或but for等引导的条件句b1: if引导的虚拟语气 条件从句 结果主句 与现在事实相反 动

53、词过去式(be动词用were) would+动词原形 与过去事实相反 had+过去分词(had done) would have done 与将来事实相反 一般过去时/were+不定式/should+动词原形 would(should)+动词原形 b1: if引导的虚拟语气 条件从句 结果主句a.与现在的事实相反：If - + were/did-, - + would/ might do-如果我爸是李刚，我相撞谁撞谁。If my father were Li Gang, I would collide with anyone I like. 半倒装形式：Were I/Did a.与现在的事实相

54、反：If - + were/did-2.与过去的事实相反：If - + had done-, - +would/ might have done-如果我生于比尔盖茨家族，我将会买好几辆公交车。If I had been born in Bill Gates, I would have bought several buses as my private cars. 半倒装：Had I 2.与过去的事实相反：If - + had done-3.与将来的事实可能相反：If -+ should/were to do-, -+ would/ should do-假如世界末日在2019年到来，我会If

55、the doomsday were to come in 2019, I would 半倒装：Were the doomsday to 3.与将来的事实可能相反：If -+ should/w3.The victim_(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.第一步：由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定

56、应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。3.The victim_(本来会有机会活下来第2步：1.切块对应翻译：“本来有机会-”= would have a chance to do sth，“活下来”=survive2.重新组合：would have had a chance to survive.第2步：1.切块对应翻译：2009-6：88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (就不会被大雨淋湿了).答案：wouldnt have been caught by the rain2009-6：2009-12：87. You would not h

57、ave failed if you _ (按照我的指令去做)had followed my instructions/ordershad done as I ordered 2009-12：【CET-6:2019.1】If you had _(听从了我的忠告， 你就不会陷入麻烦). 参考答案：followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been/be in trouble.【CET-6:2019.1】If you had _请暂停完成以下练习：12) _(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a

58、 comfortable journey. 15) _(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.16) If the doctor had not come in time, _(他现在就不在人间了).19) Were I in your place, _(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).20) Had it not been for their opposition, _(这项法案早就通过了).21) Should there be another world war, _(人类的继续存在就会有危险). 请暂停完成以下练习：12) _(如果他按照我告诉

59、他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey. 12) If he had booked tickets in the way I told him(考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反)12) _(如果他按照我告诉他的15) _(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.15) If I had been living in New York(考点：同上)15) _(如果我一直住在纽约)16) If the doctor had not come in time, _

60、(他现在就不在人间了).16) he would be dead now(考点：同上)16) If the doctor had not come19) Were I in your place, _(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).19) I would seize the opportunity without hesitation(考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件)19) Were I in your place, _20) Had it not been for their opposition, _(这项法